UNIT 1 Section Ⅳ Using Language & Assessing Your Progress-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress—Language points ◎核心单词——练通 1．manual labour 　　　　　　　　 体力劳动 2．take a step backwards 向后退一步 3．fetch a doctor 去请医生 4．switch on the lamp 打开台灯 5．keep up with the pace of change 跟上改变的步伐 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→divide v．(使)分开，分散，分割，分成；分配 2．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.迫切的，紧急的 3．maximum adj.最大极限的 n．最大量；最大限度→minimum adj.最低的；最小的 n．最小值 4．explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n．爆炸 5．mud n．泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的 6．overstatement n．夸大；夸张→ overstate vt.夸大；言过其实 7．superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的→superiority n．优越感；优势；优越(性) 8．random adj.随机的；不可思议的→randomly adv.随机；随意；未加计划地 1．规律：部分以-d/-de结尾的动词变名词时后缀为-sion。 示例：conclude v．得出结论→conclusion n．结论　divide v．(使)分开，分散，分割，分成；分配→division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法) 2．规律：-ment是名词后缀，多置于动词后 示例：overstate vt.夸大；言过其实→overstatement n．夸大；夸张　govern v．治理→government n．政府；管理 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．jolt the house　　　　　　　 使房子受到震动 2．blurred image 模糊不清的图像 3．the risks of inaction 无行动的风险 4．leather goods 皮革制品 5．an instrument panel 仪表盘 6．grip her arm 抓紧她的胳膊 7．hazy moonlight 朦胧的月光 8．handkerchief paper 手帕纸 9．a puff of wind 一丝清风 10．maximum capacity 最大容量 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．pros and cons　　　　　 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 2．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹 3．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 4．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 5．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 6．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失 7．rise up 上升；升起 8．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事 学生用书第19页 第二组　英译汉 9．with a sudden jolt　　　　　 一阵突然的晃动 10．be flipped on its side 被翻转到旁边 11．be stunned for a moment 昏迷了片刻 12．give it a last check 最后检查了一下 13．move like a rocket 移动得像火箭一样快 14．disappear like in a dream 像在梦里一样消失 15．travel at maximum speed 以最快的速度穿梭 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　修辞之明喻表达 教材原句　It felt like (感觉好像)I was being driven fast on a winding road. 2．句型公式　 so long as引导从句，意为“只要…… ” 教材原句　So long as I travelled at maximum speed(只要我以最高速度行进)，it didn't matter. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 n．上级；上司 (教材原句)In sci-fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说中，机器人通常会变得更强大，并占据主导地位。 (1)be superior to　　比……更好；更胜一筹；比……级别高(to为介词) be superior in 在……方面更好/更强 (2)be inferior to 比……差；比……级别低 be senior to 比……级别高；比……年纪大 be junior to 比……级别低；比……年纪小 be prior to 比……更早；在……前面 [名师点津]　superior 这一类的形容词本身已含有比较的意味，因此此类形容词没有比较级，也不与than连用。 练透——单句语法填空 (1)Of the two dresses，I think this one is superior to that one. (2)This engine is superior in many respects to that. 写美——人物特点描写 (3)尽管他比我小两岁，但他在职位上比我级别高。 Although he is two years younger than me，he is superior to me in the position. take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 (教材原句)In sci-fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说中，机器人通常会变得更强大，并占据主导地位。 含有take的其他常用短语： take away　　　 带走；拿走 take back 退回；收回 take down 写下；记下 take off 起飞；脱下；突然开始走红/成功 take in 吸收；收留；理解；欺骗 take out 带……出去；提(款) take on 呈现；雇用；承担；接受 take up 占据(时间、空间)；开始从事；接受(提议或挑战等) 写美——完成句子 (1)我认定她是接管这项工作的理想人选。 I decided that she was the ideal person to take over the job． (2)我希望你能理解我正在说的话。 I hope you're taking in what I'm saying． 学生用书第20页 (3)他将在下个月底就任民事法庭庭长一职。 He will take up his post as the head of the civil court at the end of next month. (4)面对新挑战时，失败的恐惧往往会占据我的思绪。 The fear of failure tends to take over my thoughts when I'm faced with new challenges. conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 (教材原句)A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law.机器人必须服从人类的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相冲突。 (1)conflict vi.　　　　　　 矛盾；冲突；抵触 n. (意见等的)抵触，冲突，矛盾；武装冲突；战斗 (2)in conflict with 和……有矛盾/冲突 come into conflict with 与……产生矛盾/发生冲突 conflict of interest(s) 利益冲突 练透——单句语法填空 (1)She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. (2)Reports conflicted (conflict) on how much of the aid reached the famine victims. 写美——完成句子 (3)年轻人的想法与父母保守的观念产生冲突，使房间内充满了紧张气氛。 The young man's idea conflicted with the conservative thinking of the parents，creating tension in the room. turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 (教材原句)Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.黑夜来临了，仿佛一盏灯被熄灭了，转瞬之间，白天来临了。 (1)turn out(to be)...　　 最后结果是……；最终成为…… it turns/turned out that... 结果是……；证明是…… (2)turn构成的常用词组： turn in 上交；交还 turn to 翻到；求助于；(使)变成 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn down 调低；拒绝 turn up 调高；出现 turn over 翻页；(使)翻转；移交 turn away 拒绝；不准……进入 turn against (使)反对；(使)与……反目 练透——单句语法填空 (1)Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen. (2)How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months? (3)It turned out that people liked and forwarded it madly on the Internet，only to make me an Internet celebrity. 写美——读后续写之场景描写 (4)那个衣着考究的男人原来是一名专攻神经外科的外科医生。米歇尔紧紧地抓着那个男人的胳膊，催促他帮助救她的弟弟杰克。 That well-dressed man turned out to be a surgeon，specializing in neural surgery.Holding the man's arm tightly，Michelle urged him to help save her brother Jack. 学生用书第21页 urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 (教材原句)I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! 我有一种强烈的冲动去看看那些随机在我眼前闪过的东西！ (1)urge sb to do sth　　　 力劝某人做某事 urge that...竭力主张……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should 可省略) it is urged that... 坚决主张…… (从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should 可省略) (2)urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的 in urgent need of... 急需…… (3)urgency n． 紧急；急迫 a matter of great urgency 极为迫切的问题 练透——单句语法填空 (1)He said that he had an urge to open a department store of his own. (2)They urged that the library be kept (keep) open during the vacation. (3)They were interrupted by a sudden and urgent (urge) knock at the door. 写美——话题写作之跨文化交流 (4)随着中国的发展，极力主张年轻人无障碍地与外国人交流。因此，任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的口语俱乐部。 With the development of China，it is urged that the young (should) communicate with foreigners without difficulty.So，anyone who has/feels an urge to speak fluent English can sign up for our Spoken English Club. 一、一词多义——labour A．n.体力劳动 B．n.分娩　C．vi.奋斗　D．vi.努力工作 1．Workers are paid for their labour. A 2．He laboured to finish the job on time. D 3．You don't have to call the midwife as soon as labour starts. B 二、熟词生义——阅读句子并在横线上写下加黑词的词性和词义。 1．A hedge forms the division between their land and ours.n.分界线 2．He gave up his job in advertising because he couldn't stand the pace.n.迅速出现(或变化等)；快节奏 　　 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：修辞之明喻在读后续写中的运用 (教材原句)It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。 在读后续写中可以适当采用明喻这一修辞手法，增加故事情节的生动性。明喻主要采用like，feel like等词，表示“好像，就像，像……”等。 写美——完成句子 (1)当他听我们谈论丰富多彩的生活时，他的笑容灿烂得如宝石一样闪闪发光。(读后续写之人物神态描写) When he heard us talking about the colorful life，the smile on his face shone like a diamond． 学生用书第22页 (2)它在温柔低语，就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。(读后续写之景物描写) It murmured in a soft voice like a little girl was whispering to her mother． 句型公式：so long as引导从句，意为“只要……” (教材原句)So long as I travelled at maximum speed，it didn't matter.只要我以最快速度行驶，就没关系。 (1)so long as 与 as long as 均可表示“只要”，相当于 provided that/on condition that，用于引导条件状语从句。 (2)两者用于本义表示“与……一样长”时， as long as 可用于肯定句或否定句，而 so long as 只能用于否定句，不能用于肯定句。 写美——完成句子 (1)你可以出去，只要你答应在11点以前回来。 You can go out，as/so long as you promise to be back before 11 o'clock. (2)只要太阳还在照耀，我就会保持微笑，享受每一刻。 (读后续写之心理描写) As/So long as the sun shines，I'll keep smiling and enjoying each moment of the day. (3)只要你在我身边，我觉得我可以战胜生活中的一切挑战。(读后续写之心理描写) As/So long as you're by my side，I feel like I can defeat anything life throws at me. 维度一　品句填词 1．The company hired extra labour(劳动者) to meet the deadline. 2．He walked backwards(向后) to avoid stepping on the wet paint. 3．We need to work at our maximum(最大极限的) capacity to finish the project on time. 4．She always carries a handkerchief (手帕)in her pocket in case she needs it. 5．The lamp(灯) on the desk provided a soft glow in the room. 维度二　词形转换 1．The division(divide) of labour is essential for efficiency. 2．She randomly(random) picked a book from the shelf. 3．The dog was running happily around，fetching(fetch) sticks in the park. 4．We need to address this urgent(urge) matter immediately. 5．He was stunned (stun) by the news of her promotion. 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．只要你在截止日期之前完成工作，你就可以休息一整天。(so long as) So long as you finish your work by the deadline，you can take the rest of the day off. 2．这个活动最终证明是非常成功的，有很多人参加。(turn out) The event turned out to be a great success/It turned out that the event was a great success with a lot of people taking part. 学生用书第23页 3.据估算，该市轻工业总产值是去年的三倍以上。(calculate) It is calculated that the total output value of the city's light industry has grown over three times as much as that of last year. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$