UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language—Build up your vocabulary-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language—Build up your vocabulary ◎核心单词——练通 1．a basic salary　　　　　　　 基本薪金 2．be hired as a saleswoman 被雇用为女售货员 3．whereas others do not 然而其他的则不然 4．air fare 机票 5．a weekly current affairs programme 每周时事节目 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．dignity n．尊严；庄严；庄重→dignify v．使有尊严，使高贵→dignified adj.有尊严的；高贵的 2．appointment n．预约；约会；委任→appoint v．任命；委任；安排→appointed adj.指定的 3．guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行；有罪 4．suspend vt.暂停；暂缓；悬；挂→suspension n．暂停，中止 5．dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除→dismissal n．解雇；免职；开除 6．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n．公告；宣言；声明 7．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n．计算→calculator n．计算器 1．规律：-al作为形容词后缀多放于名词后；作为名词后缀多放于动词后。 示例：arrival n．到达　dismissal n．解雇；免职；开除　national adj.民族的，国家的　digital adj.数字的 2．规律：-y加在部分名词后构成形容词；加在部分形容词后构成名词。 示例： honest adj.诚实的→honesty n．诚实　difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难 guilt n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行；有罪→guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的　dirt n．尘土→dirty adj.脏的　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．historical fiction 　　　　　 历史小说 2．annual bonus 年度奖金 3．a man of great integrity 一个非常诚实正直的人 4．human dignity 人的尊严 5．an absurd plot 荒谬的情节 6．hammer the nails into the wall 把钉子钉进墙壁 7．fall off a ladder 从梯子上摔下来 8．deny a rumour 否认谣言 9．presume innocence 假定无辜 10．the alien environment 陌生的环境 学生用书第8页 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．test out　　　　　　　　　 检验；测试 2．on a business trip 出差 3．more like 更像是；更接近 4．as a favour 作为一项恩惠 5．fall off the ladder 从梯子上掉下来 6．an annoying rumour 一则让人恼怒的谣言 第二组　英译汉 7．experiment with 以……做试验 8．a deep voice 声音低沉浑厚 9．facial expression 面部表情 10．feel embarrassed 感到尴尬 11．or rather 更确切地说 12．change one's attitude 改变某人的态度 13．turn around 转身；翻转 14．after all 毕竟 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　suggest 后的宾语从句 教材原句　He suggested that(他建议)she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. 2．句型公式　there＋谓语＋主语(完全倒装句式) 教材原句　As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern(格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿). Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 appointment n．预约；约会；委任 (教材原句) She had an appointment to paint her nails，then she went into an expensive clothes shop. 她预约好去做美甲，然后走进了一家高档的服装店。 (1)make/fix an appointment with sb　 与某人约会/约定 keep/break an appointment 守约/失约 (2)appoint vt. 委派；任命；约定(时间、地点) appointed adj. 约定的；指定的 appoint sb to... 任命某人到……任职(to为介词) appoint (sb) as sth 任命(某人)为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 练透——单句语法填空 (1)The board has recently appointed a new manager to the sales department. (2)The lawyer appointed (appoint) to represent the child had a good reputation for his virtue. (3)His appointment (appoint) as our monitor is really convincing. 写美——人物性格描写 (4)他总是准时赴约，展现出他负责任、可靠的性格。 He always keeps his appointments on time，demonstrating his responsible and reliable character. 学生用书第9页 guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 (教材原句) Although it was completely innocent，Claire felt guilty. 尽管完全是清白的，克莱尔还是有负罪感。 (1)be guilty of　 犯有……罪 be/feel guilty for/at/about... 对/为……感到内疚/有愧 (2)guilt n. 内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行 练透——单句语法填空 (1)What greatly stunned me was that he was guilty of a crime and was put in prison. (2)I felt guilty (guilt) for my conflict with my dear friend and I must apologize to him. 写美——人物动作神态描写 (3)她说：“可是我已经欺骗了我奶奶”，脸颊上流下了内疚的泪水。 “But I have cheated my grandmother，” said she，tears of guilt flowing down her cheeks．(独立主格结构) dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 (教材原句)The guests would be arriving soon，so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night. 客人们很快就要到了，所以克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。 (1)dismiss sb from sth　 将某人从某岗位上解雇 dismiss sb for sth 因某事解雇某人 (2)dismissal n. 开除，解雇；不予考虑，摒弃；驳回 dismissed adj. 解雇的；解散的，被排除的 练透——单句语法填空 (1)She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post. (2)So，while we have not dismissed (dismiss) the idea，we are looking into other possibilities as well. 写美——人物性格描写 (3)她不考虑就驳回他人的意见，暴露了她心胸狭窄的本性。 She dismisses others' opinions without consideration，revealing her close-minded nature. declare vt.表明；宣称；公布 (教材原句)She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day，and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. 她听见他说，他第二天不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。 (1)declare sb/sth to be...　 宣布某人/某事物为…… declare for/against sb/sth 声明赞成/反对某人/某事物 it is/was declared that... 据宣布…… (2)declaration n. 公告；宣告；宣言；声明 练透——单句语法填空 (1)Soon it will be declared (declare) that he is the owner of the house. (2)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 写美——应用文写作 (3)我们支持进行垃圾分类，以便为更好地保护环境作出新的努力。 We declare for garbage-sorting in new efforts to better protect the environment. 学生用书第10页 on a...basis 根据；以……的方式(基准) (教材原句)money paid for work or services，typically on a daily or weekly basis 工作或服务的酬劳，通常按日或周结算 (1)on a regular basis　　　 例行地；有规律地；定期地 on a daily/weekly basis 每天/每周 on the basis of/that... 以……为基础 (2)base n. 基础 v. 以……为基础；把基地设在…… be based on 以……为基础 练透——单句语法填空 (1)They test out the machine on a regular basis in case there may be something wrong with it. (2)On the basis of these facts，we can conclude that the ridiculous rumour was spread by my niece. 写美——应用文写作 (3)定期抽出一些时间锻炼身体会让你感到精力充沛、轻松自在。 Sparing some time to build up your body on a regular basis makes you energetic and relaxed. calculate vt.计算；核算；预测 (教材原句)They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating and driving for us，we will have more time for creating，thinking，and “being human”． 他们认为，如果人工智能可以为我们处理像计算和开车这样的任务，我们就会有更多的时间去创造、思考和“做人”。 (1)calculate on/upon＝depend/rely/count on/upon 　　　　　　　　　　　 指望，期望 it is/was calculated that... 据估算…… be calculated to do sth 旨在做某事；用意在于做某事 calculated adj. 精心策划的；蓄意的 (2)calculation n. 计算；估算；算计；推测 calculating adj. 精明的；精于算计的 calculator n. 计算器 练透——单句语法填空 (1)We can't calculate on/upon having good weather for the outing. (2)The commercials are calculated (calculate) to attract young single consumers. (3)写美——应用文写作 据计算，过去一个世纪全球气温上升了1.2摄氏度，表明气候发生了显著变化。 It is calculated that the global temperature has risen by 1.2 degrees Celsius over the past century，indicating significant climate change. 学生用书第11页 一、一词多义——suspend v. A．暂停 B．暂缓　C．悬；挂　D．使停学或停职 1．If you exceed your credit limit，we have the right to suspend or cancel your account. A 2．During the air pollution red alert，the Beijing Commission of Education ordered all schools to suspend classes. D 3．Step Four: Suspend the grape over a glass filled with water. C 二、熟词生义——阅读句子并在横线上写下加黑词的词性和词义。 1．I think we can safely dismiss their objections.vt.不予考虑 2．Do you have anything to declare？vt.申报(应纳税物品) 　　 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：suggest 后的宾语从句 (教材原句)He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. 他建议克莱尔在他离开，也就是拉里回来的前一天晚上邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。 (1)suggest 表示“建议；提议”时，其后接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 (2)suggest表示“表明；暗示”时，其后接的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，而要用陈述语气。 (3)在it is/was suggested that...或者suggestion that(同位语从句)结构中，当从句表示建议的内容时，其谓语要用should do结构，should可以省略。 写美——完成句子 (1)他建议我们留下吃晚饭。 (读后续写之人物行为描写) He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner． (2) 他说的话表明他是个骗子。(读后续写之人物描写) What he said suggested that he was a liar． (3)然后，她建议我和我的妈妈谈谈，帮助我耐心地组织我的想法。 (读后续写之情节描写) Then she suggested that I (should) talk to my mom，helping me patiently organize my thoughts. 句型公式： there＋谓语＋主语(完全倒装句式) (教材原句)　As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那里。 (1)当表示方位的副词(如 there、here、up、down、in、out、away)和表示地点状语的介词短语置于句首以示强调时，句子用完全倒装(即“谓语＋主语”)。 (2)若主语是代词，则不用倒装。 (3)谓语动词多为be或者其他不及物动词，常用于一般现在时或者一般过去时。 写美——完成句子 (1)沿着蜿蜒的小路穿过茂密的森林，飘来了萤火虫的幽幽光芒，在月光之夜起舞。(读后续写之场景描写) Down the winding path through the thick forest came the shining glow of fireflies，dancing in the moonlight night.(完全倒装句) (2)站在悬崖上的是一个孤独的身影，凝视着下方无尽的海洋。(读后续写之人物描写) There stood a lonely figure on the cliff，looking out at the endless expanse of the ocean below.(完全倒装句) 学生用书第12页 维度一　品句填词 1．The school has strict safety measures，including the rule that strangers are not allowed to come in without an a appointment． 2．The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus (意外收获)to add to the ever-growing list. 3．It's ridiculous to think that anyone would question his integrity (诚实正直) after all he's done for the community. 4．The price the saleswoman(女售货员) quoted for the old，broken item was absolutely ridiculous. 5．Whoever disobeys the company's regulations and causes huge economic losses for the company will be ddismissed from the job. 维度二　词形转换 1．Sometimes we keep remembering our failures or mistakes and feel guilty (guilt) about them. 2．After a few moments，when she didn't return my smile，I began to wonder whether I had asked a disturbing (disturb) question. 3．Above the surface of the water，the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet and support the cables from which the bridge is suspended (suspend). 4．The participants are waiting anxiously，and the final result of the drama competition will be declared(declare) in 30 minutes. 5．She made an appointment(appoint) for her son to see the doctor. 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．古老的房子矗立在那里，被高大的树木包围着，沐浴在夕阳的柔和光线下。(完全倒装句) There stood the old house，surrounded by tall trees and bathed in the soft light of the setting sun. 2．我建议你试试市中心的新餐厅，那里供应各种中国美食。(suggest) I suggest you (should) try the new restaurant downtown，where they serve various delicious Chinese cuisine. 3．她每天早上跑步保持健康。(basis) She goes for a run in the morning to stay fit on a daily basis． 维度四　教材知识迁移 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The company for which Larry worked was to have a newly-made robot 1.called (call)Tony，which was going to be tested out by Larry's wife Claire at home.At the first sight of Tony，Claire felt 2．alarmed (alarm).She thought 3.it was ridiculous that a robot should look so much like a human，4.with his smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression never changed.On the second morning，Tony wanted to help her to dress，which made Claire 5.embarrassed (embarrass) and she refused him.But later she was glad that Tony could make her home 6.elegant (elegance)，give her a new hairstyle and improve her makeup.To decorate her home，Tony could also write out a list of 7.items (item) for her to buy.And finally， 学生用书第13页 Tony helped Claire to finish all the work.Tony suggested Claire that she 8.(should) invite(invite) Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was 9.to leave (leave) and Larry was to return.10.What made us unbelievable was that Tony didn't want to leave Claire in the end! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$