UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ Using Language & Assessing Your Progress-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版2019）

UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION 主题语境：人与社会——海洋奥秘探索、人类发展与海洋的关系 Section Ⅳ Using Language & Assessing Your Progress—Language points 内容索引 课时测评 4 语基自查　固根基 1 语基讲练　提能力 2 随堂应用　多维练 3 语基自查　固根基 返回 核心单词——练通 1．in the __________　　　　 与此同时 2．a dangerous ________ 一个危险的对手 3．a detailed ____ of the trip 旅行的详细记录 4．be under _______ 被逮捕 meanwhile opponent log arrest 拓展单词——用活 1．________ n．迁移；迁徙；移居 →migrate vi.移动；移居；迁徙 vt.使移居；使移植 2．_______ vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀 →murderer n．杀人犯；凶手 3．______ n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 →merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 4．__________ n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制 →possess vt.控制；使掌握；持有；迷住；拥有，具备 5．_______ vt.开发；利用；剥削 →exploitation n．开发；开采；利用；剥削 migration murder mercy possession exploit 1．规律：动词以-t/te结尾时变名词词尾为ation，而不是去掉e加ion或者直接加ion 示例： invite v．邀请→invitation n．邀请，请柬　consult v．咨询→consultation n．顾问 adapt v．改编；适应→adaptation n．适应；改编 2．规律：-ion多为名词后缀，表示状态。 示例：possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制 description n．描写　satisfaction n．满意　　 规律方法 阅读单词——识记 1．a new business directory 　　　　　　　　 新的企业______ 2．the murder weapon ______凶器 3．marine life ______生物 名录　 谋杀 海洋 重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．________ 　　　　　 区分；分辨 2．______________ 给……照相 3．______________ 意味着做某事 4．____________ 是……的家园 5．__________ 采取行动 tell apart take a picture of mean doing sth be home to... take action 第二组　英译汉 6．vast amounts of ________ 7．help address important issues _________________ 8．spill...into _____ 9．negative cycle _____________________ 10．log new species ___________ 大量的 帮助解决重要问题 涌进 消极的循环；恶性循环 记录新物种 返回 典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　so that引导目的状语从句 教材原句　We need to understand what is happening to our planet ______________________(以便我们可以采取措施). 2．句型公式　动词-ing形式短语作主语 教材原句　____________________________ (更多了解大海)will also help us manage its resources better. so that we can take action Understanding more about the sea 语基训练　提能力 返回 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 1 mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 (教材原句)Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.虽然1982年这种行为已被明令禁止，但一些国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。 (1)beg/ask for mercy　　 乞求/请求宽恕 without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情心地 at the mercy of ... 任由……摆布或控制 (2)merciful adj. 仁慈的；慈悲的 merciless adj. 残忍的；无情的 练透——单句语法填空 (1)It seemed strange that he should get down on his knees and beg mercy. (2)After the boat's motor failed，they were at mercy of the weather. (3)She has been (mercy) to animals since she was a child. 写美——完成句子 (4)尽管我们面临困境，但我们不畏艰难。(主旨升华句) ，we are not afraid of difficulties. for the merciful Despite being at the mercy of adversity 2 possession n．[usually　pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制 (教材原句)The sea is home to life，not human beings' possessions.海洋是所有生命的家园，而不是人类的私人财产。 (1)in possession of　　　 占有；拥有；持有 in sb's possession＝in the possession of sb 为某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain possession of 拥有；占有 (2)possess vt. (不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配 be possessed of 具有(某品质、能力等) be possessed by 为……所支配 练透——单句语法填空 (1)The famous tennis player (possess) of great perseverance. (2)He lost all his (possess)，but he didn't lose hope for the life. (3)These books are in possession of the state library. 写美——完成句子 (4)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。(主旨升华句) Happiness is not wishing for what we don't have，but enjoying what we _______________________________________． is possessed possessions the possess/take possession of/are in possession of 3 arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止 (教材原句)A $5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder.已宣布悬赏500万美金，以获取逮捕谋杀案凶手的信息。 (1)arrest sb for (doing) sth　 因为(做)某事而逮捕某人 (2)arrest one's attention 引起某人的注意 练透——单句语法填空 (1)The police (arrest) the suspect a block away from the scene of the crime last week. (2)The policeman arrested Tom breaking into the rich man's house. 写美——完成句子 (3)落日的色彩吸引了所有人的注意，在地平线上投下迷人的光辉。(景色描写) The colors of the sunset ，casting a charming glow over the horizon. arrested for arrested everyone's attention 认知深化 一、一词多义——log A．n.原木 B．n.日志 C．n.正式记录 D．vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 1．You need a password to log on. ___ 2．I set the log on the ground and shaved off the bark. ___ 3．The family made an official complaint to a ship's officer，which was recorded in the log. ___ 二、熟词生义——阅读句子并在横线上写下加黑词的词性和词义。 1．It's murder trying to get to the airport at this time of day. _______________________ 2．We were at the mercy of the weather. ______ 3．He was criticized for exploiting cheap labor in developing countries. _____　　 D A n．困难的事；讨厌的事 n.控制 B v.雇用 Ⅱ. 典型句式讲透 1句型公式：so that引导目的状语从句 (教材原句)We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.　我们需要了解我们的星球正在遭遇什么，这样我们才能采取行动。 (1)本句中so that引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中往往含有情态动词，如can，could，may，might等。 (2)so that也可以引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往没有情态动词。 写美——完成句子 (1)他学习到深夜，以便能够在考试中获得优异的成绩。 (读后续写之人物描写) He studied late into the night with flying colors. (2)她每天都刻苦练习，以便在音乐会上表现出色。(读后续写之情节描写) She practiced diligently every day ． (3)请制订一个锻炼计划并坚持下去，这样你就能很快恢复健康。(应用文写作之建议信) Please come up with a workout schedule and stick to it ____________________ __________． so that he could pass his exams so that she could perform well at the concert so that you can get in shape soon 2句型公式：动词-ing形式短语作主语 (教材原句)Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. 更多地了解海洋将帮助我们更好地管理其资源。 (1)动词-ing形式可以作为句子的主语，这种结构常常用于强调动作或状态本身。 (2)动词不定式结构也可以作主语，二者经常可以互换，但是动词不定式更强调一次具体动作，而动词-ing形式更强调长期的行为状态或习惯。 写美——完成句子 (1)在森林中奔跑让她充满了兴奋和自由的感觉。(读后续写之人物描写) filled her with a sense of freedom and excitement. (2)被别人批评并不总是容易应对的。(应用文写作之表达态度) is not always easy to handle. (3)努力学习和保持专注对于取得成功是至关重要的。(应用文写作之表达态度) are essential for achieving success. Running through the forest Being criticized by others Studying hard and staying focused 返回 随堂应用　多维练 返回 维度一　品句填词 1．Exploring the u_________ world is a thrilling experience for the professional divers. 2．The ________(目录) on the computer helped me easily locate the file I was searching for. 3．The storm passed quickly，and ___________(与此同时)，the sun began to shine through the clouds. 4．The company decided to _______(开发) new markets to expand their business internationally. 5．The astronaut carefully swallowed the c_______ of medicine to fight against space sickness. nderwater directory meanwhile exploit apsule 维度二　词形转换 1．The ________ (mercy) judge spared the guilty man's life，showing compassion in his sentencing. 2．As he packed up his __________ (possession)，he reflected on the memories attached to each item. 3．The boxer's ________ (oppose) was tough and skilled，but he managed to defeat him in the ring. 4．________ (log) into my email account，I found several important messages waiting for me. 5．The police were on the lookout for the merciless ________ (murder) who had been on the run for weeks. merciful possessions opponent Logging murderer 返回 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．她带上了雨伞，以防下雨时不会被淋湿。(so that引导目的状语从句) She packed her umbrella _______________________________________． 2．在山上徒步让她有一种与大自然亲近的感觉。(动词-ing形式短语作主语) ________________________________ with a sense of connection to nature. 3．那幅神秘的画让我一进房间就被吸引住了。(arrest) The mysterious painting __________________________________________． so that she wouldn't get wet in case it rained Hiking in the mountains provided her　 arrested my attention as soon as I entered the room 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 进阶训练一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 (每小题1分，共8分) 1．The _________ (迁徙) of birds is a fascinating natural phenomenon to witness. 2．The scientist recorded the temperature data on a ______(日志) for future analysis. 3．You can use a ________(目录) service to search for people on the Internet. 4．She was busy working on her presentation；____________(与此同时)，her colleagues were preparing for the meeting. migration log directory meanwhile 5．She swallowed the c________ with a glass of water to help alleviate her headache. 6．He bought a g_______ of milk from the store for his family to use throughout the week. 7．The police officer was able to a______ the suspect after a lengthy investigation. 8．The company was accused of trying to e_______ the labor force by paying low wages. apsule allon rrest　 xploit 进阶训练二　用所给词的适当形式填空 (每小题1分，共6分) 1．The government increased ______ (tax) on luxury items to generate more revenue. 2．The team's __________ (opponent) are unbeaten so far this season. 3．Tom is very annoyed because his brother is in ___________ (possess) of all the business. 4．If you describe a person as ________ (mercy)，you mean that he or she shows kindness and forgiveness to people. 5．The criminal hoped that the police would help keep him free from punishment if he helped the police catch the ________(murder). 6．The concert was so successful that the crowd _________(applaud) the performance for five minutes. taxes opponents possession merciful murderer applauded 进阶训练三　完成句子(每小题3分，共9分) 1．他们航行在汹涌的大海上，渴望占领那座荒岛上隐藏的宝藏。(possession) They sailed the high seas，eager to _______________________________ on the deserted island. 2．西湖如此美丽，以至于每年吸引数百万的游客。(so...that...) The West Lake is _______________________ millions of visitors every year. 3．随着技术的发展和生活的改善，互联网已进入寻常百姓家。 (as引导状语从句) _____________________________________，the Internet has entered the ordinary people's homes. take possession of the treasure hidden so beautiful that it attracts As technology develops and life improves 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (每小题2．5分，共10分) (2023·十堰一中高二期末) Sharks may be able to smell blood from miles away，but they probably don't know how red it is.It is likely that they only see the world in black and white according to a study that is the first to investigate sharks' visual system. A team at the University of Western Australia studied the visual systems of many different species of sharks and what they have found is diversity in eye design that mirrors the ecological and behavioral diversity of the shark species.The team looked at the retinal cells of 17 species of sharks caught off Queensland and Western Australia and found out that the cells are responsible for sharks' color blindness. According to the study，these animals are color-blind due to the light receptors they have got in their eyes.There are two main types of light-sensitive cells to allow animals to see: rod cells help measure brightness because they are highly sensitive to light and allow night vision but cannot tell colors apart，while various types of cone cells help distinguish colors.They peeked at the structure of sharks' rod and cone cells in the retina.Human eyes come with red，green and blue cone variations，while sharks appear to have just one kind of cone cells. The study suggests that contrast against the background，rather than color itself，might be more important for object detection by sharks.Costumes that camouflage swimmers' bodies in sea water are less likely to draw a shark's attention than ones with bright，solid colors that emphasize their outline.“It's the high contrast against the water rather than the color itself which is probably attractive to sharks，” said Professor Nathan Hart who led the study. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项有关鲨鱼可能是色盲的研究，分析了鲨鱼色盲的原因并说明了游泳者如何避免鲨鱼的注意。 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了研究的过程及发现的结论。故选C项。 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The importance of the research. B．The features of sharks' retinal cells. C．The process and the result of the study. D．The functions of sharks' visual systems. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Human eyes come with red，green and blue cone variations，while sharks appear to have just one kind of cone cells.”可知，因为鲨鱼缺乏各种锥细胞导致看不见颜色。故选B项。 2．What causes sharks' blindness to color according to the study? A．Their fragile rod cells. B．Their lack of various cone cells. C．Their dark living environment. D．Their weak sensitivity to light. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，这些在水里的服装不太可能吸引鲨鱼的注意，而那些鲜艳、纯色的衣服更能突出游泳者的轮廓，吸引鲨鱼的注意。由此可推知，鲨鱼在海洋里是危险的，这些游泳者需要躲避它们，因此这个服装可以“隐藏”他们的身体。故画线词与A项意思相近。故选A项。 3．What does the underlined word “camouflage” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Hide.　　　　　　 B．Fit. C．Beautify. D．Protect. √ 写作目的题。根据第一段第二句可知，文章主要介绍了一项有关鲨鱼可能是色盲的科学研究发现。故选D项。 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To clear up a wrong belief. B．To raise funds for a program. C．To show a unique phenomenon. D．To present a scientific discovery. √ Ⅱ.完形填空 (每小题1分，共15分) (2023·黄冈中学高二期末) Joseph Dituri hasn't seen the sun for days.The biomedical engineer is being underwater，with the goal of spending 100 days there in the name of 1 ．The submerged stay，if 2 ，will break the previous record of 73 days.Dituri is living in Jules' Undersea Lodge in Florida —the same underwater venue where the previous record was set.The 100-square-foot hotel is his intended home until the mission finishes，where he is 3 his research. During the project，Dituri is attempting to 4 the effects of living in a high-pressure environment for a(n) 5 period.The human body has never been underwater that long，so he is 6 closely.Before，during and after the project，he needs to 7 a series of tests，which measure the heart's function. “I 8 there will be improvements to my health，” Dituri said.His assumption is not made 9 —a previous study indicated potential 10 of being exposed to pressure to cell growth.Dituri hopes this journey could 11 the treatment for age-related diseases. Beyond research，the project is also a chance to promote ocean 12 ．“The ocean is in a bit of trouble，”Dituri said in a video.“We also want to use the attention that the 100-day mission would draw to 13 young people's curiosity and passion.” Dituri will 14 about 40 children to stay with him for 24 hours at a time. “Even if I only stayed 60 days，it would be a 15 if I eventually turned a whole bunch of kids onto the exploration of the sea，”he said in an interview. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了生物医学工程师 Joseph Dituri要待在水下100天，记录长时间生活在高压环境中的影响。他希望这一项目能够为治疗与年龄有关的疾病作出贡献，同时这也是一个促进海洋保护的机会。 根据空后的“will break the previous record of 73 days”可知，打破之前73天的纪录，是Dituri此次在水下停留成功的(successful)情况下。故选D。 1．A．reputation B．freedom C．science D．entertainment 2．A．necessary B．convenient C．accessible D．successful √ √ 根据空前的“biomedical engineer”和空后的“his research”可知，此处表示这位生物医学工程师一直在水下是为了做研究，即以科学(science)的名义在水下待 100天。故选C。 3．A．publishing B．conducting C．advertising D．reviewing √ 根据空前的“The 100-square-foot hotel is his intended home until the mission finishes”可知，在任务完成之前，这座100平方英尺的酒店将是他的家，他在那里进行(conducting)研究。故选B。 根据空前的“During the project”和空后的“the effects of living in a high-pressure environment”可知，Dituri 试图记录(document)生活在高压环境中的影响。故选B。 4．A．forecast B．document C．imagine D．exchange √ 5．A．extended B．painful C．typical D．essential √ 根据上文中的“spending 100 days there”“will break...record was set”可知，Dituri选择了上次打破纪录的人所在的同一地点，他要待一百天，延长在水下停留的时间。故选A。 6．A．informed B．persuaded C．monitored D．warned √ 根据空前的“During the project...The human body has never been underwater that long”和空后的“Before...series of tests”可知，因为人体从未在水下待过那么久，所以Dituri需要受到密切监视(monitored)。故选C。 根据空后的“His assumption”可知，此处指Dituri推测(suppose)自己的健康状况会有所改善。故选C。 7．A．pass B．complete C．confirm D．arrange 8．A．remember B．realize C．suppose D．admit √ √ 根据空前的“he is closely”和空后的“a series of tests”可知，Dituri需要完成(complete)一系列测试。故选B。 根据上文中的“there will be improvements to my health”可知，此处指好的影响，即之前的研究表明压力对细胞生长有潜在的好处(benefits)。故选D。 9．A．hurriedly B．purposely C．fearlessly D．groundlessly 10．A．costs B．difference C．practicality D．benefits √ √ 根据空前的“His assumption is not made”以及空后的“a previous study indicated”可知，他的假设并非毫无根据(groundlessly)。故选D。 空后的“The ocean is in a bit of trouble”提到了对海洋的担忧，所以此处指这个项目也是一个促进海洋保护(conservation)的机会。故选A。 11．A．help with B．hold over C．refer to D．depend on 12．A．conservation B．exploitation C．tourism D．transport √ √ 根据空后的“the treatment for age-related diseases”可知，Dituri 希望他的研究旅程能够帮助(help with)与年龄有关的疾病的治疗。故选A。 13．A．discover B．express C．stimulate D．appreciate √ 根据空后的“young people's curiosity and passion”和“turned a whole bunch of kids onto the exploration of the sea”可知，他们想利用这个为期100天的项目引起的关注来激发(stimulate)年轻人的好奇心和激情。故选C。 根据“Even if I only stayed...the exploration of the sea”可知，他认为即使自己只待了60天，但是最终只要让一群孩子对海洋探索产生兴趣，那么就是一场胜利(win)。故选A。 14．A．remind B．force C．follow D．invite 15．A．win B．burden C．bond D．symbol √ √ 根据空后的“about 40 children to stay with him for 24 hours at a time”可知，此处指Dituri将邀请(invite)大约40个孩子和他一起待24小时。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2023·邵阳联考) Scientists say soft robot jellyfish that can swim through openings 1._________ (narrow) than their bodies could be used to observe coral reefs.In future the “jellybots” could be sent into delicate environments，such as coral reefs，without risking damage.Their creators believe they could act 2.____ “guardians of the oceans”． Dr Erik Engeberg，one of the robot's 3._________(inventor) from Florida Atlantic University in the US，said，“4._________(study) and observing delicate environment has always been hard for researchers. Soft robots can help with this.” narrower as inventors Studying The design of the jellybot is based on 5._____shape of the moon jellyfish. The team used a system 6._______(drive) by two impeller pumps(叶轮泵) to allow the robot to swim. Dr Engeberg said，“Soft robots based on fish and other sea animals 7._________(win) popularity in the research community in the last few years. Jellyfish are excellent choices，8.____that they are very efficient swimmers. Their 9.___________ (perform) is due to the shape of their bodies，10.______ can produce a combination of vortex (漩涡) and jet propulsion (推进).” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人水母在研究和观察脆弱的环境的作用和原因。 the driven have won in performance which 考查介词。短语act as意为“充当；担任”，故填as。 1．答案：narrower 2．答案：as 考查形容词的比较级。根据than可知，此处应用比较级，故填narrower。 考查非谓语动词。此处and连接两个并列的动词-ing形式作主语，故填Studying。 3．答案：inventors 4．答案：Studying 考查名词的单复数。one of ...意为“……之一”，后加名词的复数形式，此处表示“发明者之一”，故填inventors。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，system与drive之间存在被动关系，用动词-ed形式作后置定语。故填driven。 5．答案：the 6．答案：driven 考查冠词。此处特指海月水母的形状，故填the。 考查固定短语。此处表示原因，in that意为“因为；由于”，故填in。 7．答案：have won 8．答案：in 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in the last few years可知， 应使用现在完成时，且主语为复数，故填have won。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the shape of their bodies、指物，空处在从句中作主语，故填which。 9．答案：performance 10．答案：which 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词Their后跟名词，表抽象意义，不可数，故填performance。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$