UNIT 12 INNOVATION 单元检测卷(三)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（北师大版2019）

null 单元检测卷(三)　UNIT 12　INNOVATION (时间：120分钟　满分：150分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．When will the ship leave? A．At 6：55． B．At 7：05． C．At 9：15． 2．What does the man mean? A．He is a new driver. B．He is an old driver. C．He can’t drive in the street. 3．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Workmates. C．Doctor and patient. 4．What do you think of the woman? A．Careful. B．Patient. C．Forgetful. 5．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a museum. B．In a lab. C．In a store. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the man’s flat like? A．It’s large. B．It’s new. C．It’s comfortable. 7．Where does the man live? A．Near a bus stop. B．Near a school. C．Near his office. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the man going to do on Saturday afternoon? A．Have a party. B．Go shopping. C．Play tennis. 9．Where will the two speakers meet? A．At the woman’s place. B．At the school gate. C．At the man’s place. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．When does Ann always cook? A．On Fridays. B．On Saturdays. C．On Sundays. 11．What did the man plan to do tonight? A．Eat out. B．Watch a movie. C．Visit his parents. 12．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Boss and secretary. B．Brother and sister. C．Roommates. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where does this conversation take place? A．In the office. B．At home. C．In the gym. 14．What does the man think of his project? A．Important. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. 15．What will the man do to keep fit? A．Eat healthy food. B．Have enough sleep. C．Find peace of mind. 16．What can we learn about the man? A．He’s been very busy for a year. B．He made little progress before. C．He will come to the gym three times a week. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speaker mainly talking about? A．The results of a music competition. B．The performers of each team. C．The history of school bands. 18．What is East Side good at? A．Singing. B．Dancing. C．Playing the guitar. 19．Who came first? A．Green Leaves. B．Sunshine. C．Summer Flowers. 20．When can we enjoy this show again? A．Next week. B．Next month. C．Next year. 答案： 1－5　BAACB 6－10　CCCAA 11－15　BBCAB 16－20　CABCC 听力材料 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 Text 1 W：The ship is going to leave in twenty-five minutes. M：Oh，it’s only six forty now. Text 2 W：Can you drive a car? M：Yes，but I’m a green hand. W：You can never be too careful in the street when driving. Text 3 W：What do you think of the paper? M：You’d better improve it by shortening it a little. It’s too long. Text 4 M：It was careless of you to have left your clothes on the playground. W：My Gosh. So I did. Text 5 W：What will happen if we put these clean nails in some ordinary water? M：They will probably react with the water and finally rust. W：Let’s see if it is so. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 Text 6 W：Tom，where do you live now? M：Near the railway station. W：In a flat or a house? M：In a flat. Houses are very expensive. I have to save most of what I earn to support my family. W：What’s your flat like? M：It’s small and old，but it’s comfortable. It’s very close to my office. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 Text 7 M：Hi！Looking forward to the weekend? W：Sure. It’s been a busy week. M：Yes，it has. What are you doing this weekend? W：I haven’t got anything planned on Saturday. How about you? M：Well，I’m thinking of playing tennis on Saturday afternoon. John and Linda want to play，too. Would you like to join us? W：Sure，that would be fun. M：Great！How about 3 o’clock? W：Good！That would be a good time for me. Where shall we meet? M：Why don’t I come to your place around 2：30? W：Sure. See you then. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 Text 8 W：Can you help me cut some onions，Joe？I’m making a big dinner. M：No problem，Ann. Is there a special occasion? W：No. I always cook for my roommates on Friday nights. I enjoy cooking，and they like the food I make. M：Great！What’s on the menu? W：Well，I plan to fry chicken. I am also making a very special chocolate cake. M：Can you save a piece for me? W：Why don’t you help me cook and then stay for dinner? M：Well，I had plans to take Kate to the movies，but we can go on Sunday instead. Can I invite her to come over here? W：No problem. We love having new guests in our house. Hey，maybe we could ask Mom and Dad to come over tonight. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 Text 9 W：We missed you last night，Hector. M：Oh，yeah. Sorry，Kate. I had to work late. W：Well，you’ve been here every day for a year，ever since I started working here in the gym. It didn’t feel right when you didn’t walk in that door last night. M：Get used to it. I’ll be working on a special project for the next two months. I have to take it seriously. It means a lot to me. W：So，I’m going to feel strange every day for two months？Will we ever see you again? M：Oh，yes. I’ll be here on Mondays，Wednesdays and Fridays. W：But aren’t you afraid you’ll get out of shape if you don’t keep your schedule? M：No. If I keep a balanced diet and have enough sleep，I should be able to stay healthy. W：I hope so. But you won’t make progress as fast as before. M：As long as I’m fit，I don’t mind. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 Text 10 Hello，everyone. Thank you for coming to the music competition of our school. Here comes the most exciting moment—the results. It was difficult to decide，because every team has done a good job. I’ll start with the fourth. That is Green Leaves. They are the youngest group here today. Well done！The third is East Side—the great dancing group. In second place is Sunshine. They did well，especially the young man who played the guitar，but the singer looked so unhappy that we thought maybe she didn’t want to win！Haha. Never mind. You nearly won. Now congratulations to Summer Flowers. They are our winners today. They sang beautifully and we agreed to give them first place. Finally，let’s give all the teams a big hand. Though not everyone is among the top four，you’ve tried your best and we enjoyed your shows. Thank you. See you next year. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2024·湖北阶段练习) Today’s robots do everything from building cars to exploring Mars. They go to places humans are unable to and handle dangerous or messy jobs that we’d rather avoid doing. Who knows what could be possible with robots in the near future? Check out these amazing robots both past and present … maybe one will inspire the roboticist in you! UNIMATE A robot arm might not sound that exciting, but one forever changed how cars are made. The Unimate started to work in a car factory in New Jersey in 1961．Soon, it had spread around the United States, Europe, and Japan, putting cars together faster than people could. The first Unimates helped build 110 cars per hour—more than double the rate achieved before! Robotic arms are still used in factories today. SOJOURNER Sojourner, the first of NASA’s robotic explorers, called rovers, landed on Mars in 1997．About the size of a microwave oven, Sojourner measured wind and weather and sent back more than 550 photos of Mars. The rover was designed for a week-long task but kept going for 83 Martian days (85 Earth days). COLOSSUS Colossus is a fire-fighting robot. It sprays more than 660 gallons (2，500 liters) of water per minute and can carry more than 1，000 pounds (450 kg) of gear (装备). In 2019, Colossus helped put out the fire in Paris’s famed Notre Dame Cathedral. When areas grew too dangerous for human firefighters, the robot rolled inside to save the day. SPOT Spot’s four legs let it climb stairs and handle rough ground, and its five pairs of cameras can be used to examine places too dangerous for humans. In 2022, archaeologists in Pompeii, Italy, sent Spot through the ruins to check on areas that might need repairs. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种有帮助的机器人。 21．What type of robot does Unimate belong to? A．Fun robot. B．Exploration robot. C．Industrial robot. D．Fire-fighting robot. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Soon, it had spread around the United States, Europe, and Japan, putting cars together faster than people could. The first Unimates helped build 110 cars per hour—more than double the rate achieved before！”可知，Unimate属于工业机器人。故选C。 22．What do you think of the robots mentioned in the passage? A．They are practically cute. B．They are highly entertaining. C．They are typically humanlike. D．They are unbelievably helpful. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Soon, it had spread around the United States, Europe… helped build 110 cars per hour—more than double the rate achieved before！”；第三段“About the size of a microwave oven, Sojourner measured wind and weather and sent back more than 550 photos of Mars. ”；第四段“In 2019, Colossus helped put out the fire in Paris’s famed Notre Dame Cathedral. When areas grew too dangerous for human firefighters, the robot rolled inside to save the day. ”以及第五段“In 2022, archaeologists in Pompeii, Italy, sent Spot through the ruins to check on areas that might need repairs.”可知，文章中提到的机器人非常有帮助。故选D。 23．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A school website. B．A science magazine. C．A job advertisement. D．A health issue. 答案：B 解析：文章出处题。通读全文，并根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了四种有帮助的机器人。由此可推知，文章可能选自一本科学杂志。故选B。 B (2024·河南焦作开学考试) A few months ago, a friend gifted me a robot sweeper that’s programmed to move around a room and clean as it goes. When the box arrived, I was afraid the device would detect me and suck up (汲取) data along with the dog hair and dust. But the instructions were easy, and I finally decided not to care. I powered up the sweeper, watched it leave its docking station to work, and quickly fell in love with my newly shiny floors. I kept shooting its working videos. “I think you’re giving more attention to it than to us，” joked my son. One day, I returned home and discovered that our front door had blown open and the robot rolled into the yard, trying to clean the flower beds. Even when its brushes were blocked with leaves, bugs and mud, its little wheels bravely kept turning. The robot acted properly as it was programmed to clean “dirty” things. In a kitchen, dirt can be garden debris (碎片) such as leaves and mud. In a garden, this kind of dirt does not need to be removed. The context is important. The problem for robots is that reading this context is difficult. This accident inspired me to think more about AI (artificial intelligence). As far as I am concerned, AI is simply well trained and reproduces what it has learned. And it is undeniable that robots are increasingly being given powerful intelligence. Some experts even predict that we will soon see not only AI-enabled robots designed to solve problems according to their instructions, but also those with the ability to judge how they should respond when they are in a different setting. Maybe this will happen in the near future. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过个人经历，说明了扫地机器人的好处和弊端，并阐述了自己的期待。 24．What was the author’s concern about the robot sweeper at first? A．Its after-sales service. B．Its working efficiency. C．The privacy of her family. D．The readability of its instructions. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“When the box arrived, I was afraid the device would detect me and suck up (汲取) data along with the dog hair and dust. ”可知，起初，作者对扫地机器人的担忧是怕它侵犯她的隐私。故选C。 25．How did the author feel about the robot sweeper after using it? A．Enthusiastic. B．Regretful. C．Uncertain. D．Cautious. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I powered up the sweeper, watched it leave its docking station to work, and quickly fell in love with my newly shiny floors. I kept shooting its working videos. ‘I think you’re giving more attention to it than to us，’ joked my son. ”可推知，作者使用扫地机器人后对扫地机器人充满热情。故选A。 26．What was the root cause of the accident happening to the robot sweeper? A．Its program went wrong. B．It lacked critical thinking. C．Its wheels were badly designed. D．It failed to work on rough surfaces. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The robot acted properly as it was programmed to clean ’dirty’ things. In a kitchen, dirt can be garden debris (碎片) such as leaves and mud. In a garden, this kind of dirt does not need to be removed. The context is important. The problem for robots is that reading this context is difficult. ”可推知，发生事故的根本原因是机器人缺乏批判性思维。故选B。 27．What does the sixth paragraph mainly talk about concerning AI? A．The accident. B．Some experts’ thinking. C．Its appeal to the author. D．The author’s opinion. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据文章第六段“This accident inspired me to think more about AI (artificial intelligence). As far as I am concerned, AI is simply well trained and reproduces what it has learned… but also those with the ability to judge how they should respond when they are in a different setting. ”可知，关于人工智能，第六段主要介绍了作者的观点。故选D。 C Scientists have invented a new type of battery that makes it possible to charge electric vehicles in less than 10 minutes. The innovative design for lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries involves a record-breaking combination of shorter charge time and more energy acquired for longer travel range，according to the Penn State University researchers who came up with it. “The need for smaller，faster-charging batteries is greater than ever，” said Professor Chaoyang Wang from Penn State University，who led the research. “There are simply not enough batteries and critical raw materials，especially those produced domestically，to meet expected demand. ” The fast-charging technology makes it possible for electric vehicles to downsize from 150 to 50 kWh without shortening range，making them cheaper and more efficient. “The smaller，faster-charging batteries will dramatically cut down battery cost and usage of critical raw materials，such as cobalt，graphite and lithium，enabling mass adoption of affordable electric cars，” said Professor Wang. The breakthrough centres on a novel method for controlling the temperature of the battery，which is needed to optimise its charge time and performance. Until now，this has involved external heating and cooling systems that are inefficient and waste energy. Regular batteries have three components—an anode，an electrolyte and a cathode—but the fast-charging system adds a fourth that builds in the temperature control system. An ultrathin layer of nickel (超薄镍层) acts as a stimulus to control the battery’s temperature，allowing for 10-minute fast charging for electric cars. “True fast-charging batteries would have immediate impact，” the researchers noted. “Since there are not enough raw materials for every internal combustion (燃烧) engine car to be replaced by a 150 kWh-equipped EV，fast charging is vital for EVs to go mainstream and become accessible to the public. ” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型电池——创新电池。它的主要特点是缩短充电时间。快速充电电池前景广阔。 28．What is the main feature of the innovative battery? A．Longer travel range. B．Wider recyclable use. C．Shortened charge time. D．More energy consumed. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists have invented… energy acquired for longer travel range”可知，创新电池的主要特点是缩短充电时间。故选C。 29．What does the underlined word “this” refer to in Paragraph 4? A．The battery’s charge time. B．The breakthrough in batteries. C．The battery’s performance. D．The method of temperature control. 答案：D 解析：代词指代题。根据第四段可知，画线单词this指代的是D项“温度控制的方法”。故选D。 30．Why does the author mention regular battery in Paragraph 5? A．To explain a reason. B．To give instructions. C．To make comparison. D．To highlight an opinion. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可推知，作者在第五段提到常规电池是为了将新旧电池进行比较。故选C。 31．What do the researchers’ words imply in the last paragraph? A．Electric vehicles depend greatly on raw materials. B．The fast-charging batteries have a promising future. C．The 150 kWh-equipped EVs are bound to go mainstream. D．Internal combustion engine cars will eventually be replaced. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“True fast-charging batteries would have immediate impact”和“Since there are not… and become accessible to the public. ”可推知，最后一段研究者的话暗示了“快速充电电池前景广阔”。故选B。 D It is a well-known fact that plastic bottles，which take hundreds of years to rot，are harmful to our environment. However，efforts by environmentalists to encourage consumers to switch to alternatives，like water fountains or reusable bottles，have not been very effective. The U．S. alone uses over 50 million plastic bottles annually，80% of which end up in landfills. To try to stop that，Rodrigo García González，Pierre Paslier and Guillaume Couche from the Imperial College London have been working on a revolutionary solution—water wrapped inside an eatable container made mostly from seaweed. All the customer has to do to relieve his/her thirst is pop the entire drop into the mouth. The inventors，who have been working on the Ooho bubble since 2014，use a simple two-step cooking process called spherification (球化) to create the delicate container. They begin by dipping a frozen ball of water or juice into a chemical solution (溶液). This helps form a layer around the liquid. The ball is then absorbed in a solution made from seaweed extract. This creates a second layer，helping strengthen the structure so that the water or juice does not leak. In addition to saving our environment，the biodegradable (可降解的) packaging costs just two cents each，making it cheaper to produce than plastic. After three years of perfecting the design，the inventors，who recently raised over 1 million dollars from a financial activity，are ready to bring the Ooho bubble to local market. However，there are a few challenges that still need to be overcome before the product’s launch. In addition to getting accustomed to the taste of the covering，each eatable container contains just a mouthful of water，requiring consumers to drink multiple bubbles to relieve their thirst. There is also the issue of finding an eco-friendly packaging to transport the bubbles so that they remain clean and do not burst. Hopefully，the inventors will find ways to handle the issues so that we can reduce，or perhaps even remove plastic bottles. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新型饮用水Ooho bubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前所做的准备等情况。 32．Why was the Ooho bubble created? A．To test a newly-designed material. B．To change consumers’ drinking habit. C．To reduce pollution caused by plastic. D．To take a share of drinking water industry. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is a well-known fact that plastic bottles，which take hundreds of years to rot，are harmful to our environment. ”以及“The U．S. alone uses over 50 million plastic bottles annually，80% of which end up in landfills. ”可知，Ooho bubble被研发出来的目的是解决塑料造成的污染问题。故选C。 33．What will the inventors probably do next? A．Solve some specific problems of the product. B．Collect more money to expand production. C．Distribute the Ooho bubble to global market. D．Advertise the advantages of the Ooho bubble. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However，there are a few challenges that still need to be overcome before the product’s launch. ”可知，Ooho bubble研发者在接下来将会解决产品存在的具体问题。故选A。 34．What is the author’s attitude towards the Ooho bubble’s launch? A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Confident. D．Opposed. 答案：C 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Hopefully，the inventors will find ways to handle the issues so that we can reduce，or perhaps even remove plastic bottles. ”可知，作者对Ooho bubble投放市场是充满信心的。故选C。 35．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．Scientists Work out a New Kind of Water B．Plastic Bottles Will Be Replaced by the Ooho Bubble C．Environmental Pollution Is Expected to Be Solved D．The Ooho Bubble Aims to Remove Plastic Bottles 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了新型饮用水Ooho bubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前所做的准备等情况。同时文章也指出，研发这种饮用水的目的是解决塑料水瓶带来的污染问题。故D项最适合作文章标题。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·江苏无锡期末) With such a wide range of platforms and devices available to the everyday reader, the physical book, while not yet extinct, may end up going that way. Why? __36__. With a rapid increase in digital reading platforms, reading is no longer a common problem for bookworms. __37__ They’re designed to simplify the process of reading on the go. You can select a book, track your progress, and even submit reviews. With no need to carry around physical books, readers are much more likely to pick up where they left off whenever and wherever they may be. Readers can also carry around their favourite books within an e-reader. These hand-held devices offer fantastic portability, readability and variety. __38__ They are much smaller and lighter than physical books, making them an ideal option for those always on the go. Social media has had a great effect on our reading habits. It governs our daily life. With physical books no longer a key form of entertainment for children, it has been replaced with digital alternatives. Social media and video games have replaced the ways in which we traditionally read and tell stories. __39__. As is known to us all, technology has changed the ways in which we read at home as well as in the classroom. __40__ Exposure to the digital potential of reading is introduced at an early age. Virtual learning platforms have also exploded in popularity in recent years. Technology in the classroom is no longer a luxury but a necessity to keep up with the modern age. A．There are a number of apps out there. B．Books and lessons are delivered online. C．We are still reading but just in a different way. D．Lots of people find it difficult to fit reading into their daily routine. E．Some e-readers also allow users to access the Internet for various purposes. F．There’s nothing worse than realizing you have forgotten your favourite book. G．Here are some ways technology has transformed our reading habits in recent years. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来科技改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式。 36．答案：G 解析：根据下文从APP、手持设备、社交媒体、教育的角度介绍了改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式可知，空处引出下文。故G选项“以下是近年来科技改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式。”符合语境。故选G项。 37．答案：A 解析：根据下文“They’re designed to simplify the process of reading on the go. You can select a book, track your progress, and even submit reviews. ”可知，空处说明有很多阅读的App可选择。故A选项“市面上有很多应用程序。”符合语境。故选A项。 38．答案：E 解析：根据上文“These hand-held devices offer fantastic portability, readability and variety. ”可知，空处承接上文，说明手持设备的功能。故E选项“有些电子阅读器还允许用户出于各种目的上网。”符合语境。故选E项。 39．答案：C 解析：根据上文“Social media and video games have replaced the ways in which we traditionally read and tell stories. ”可知，空处总结上文，说明我们的阅读形式发生了变化，但还是在阅读。故C选项“我们仍然在阅读，只是以一种不同的方式。”符合语境。故选C项。 40．答案：B 解析：根据下文“Exposure to the digital potential of reading is introduced at an early age. Virtual learning platforms have also exploded in popularity in recent years. Technology in the classroom is no longer a luxury but a necessity to keep up with the modern age. ”可知，空处说明科技改变了传统的教育形式。故B选项“书籍和课程都在网上发布。”符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2024·浙江嘉兴阶段练习) With the start of new school, most freshmen were excited to meet new classmates and teachers. Among them, __41__, 15-year-old Sergio Peralta was feeling very nervous because his right hand had never fully formed since he was born. Sergio was particularly concerned about __42__ his classmates would think of him. Jeff Wilkins, the teacher of Sergio’s engineering class, __43__ out Sergio’s situation and decided to do something for the new student. He hoped to __44__ this hands-on chance to help his robotics students learn more about engineering and how building a robotic hand __45__. For the next four __46__, Jeff and his class including Sergio worked on the __47__. With access to online models and a 3D printer, they __48__ created a robotic hand, which was intended to look __49__ and work well, like catching something. Then came the final testing day. The whole class __50__ in the science classroom, watching breathlessly as Sergio carefully __51__ the self-made robotic hand and caught hold of a ball with his arm __52__ slightly. Never in his life did he expect to catch something with his __53__ hand! The life-changing gift for Sergio drew huge attention. Jeff and his students became an instant __54__ and various media competed to__55__the news. His students stated that Jeff challenged them to transform abstract concepts into reality, from which they benefited greatly. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Jeff Wilkins的工程课老师为了帮助自己班上的学生Sergio Peralta，和学生们一起制作机械手的故事。 41．A．however B．then C．instead D．therefore 答案：A 解析：根据前文“With the start of new school, most freshmen were excited to meet new classmates and teachers. ”与后文“15-year-old Sergio Peralta was feeling very nervous because his right hand had never fully formed since he was born”可知，此处上下文构成转折关系，Sergio Peralta的紧张与大多数学生的兴奋形成对比。故选A项。 42．A．how B．what C．who D．whether 答案：B 解析：根据后文“his classmates would think of him”可知，宾语从句中缺少think of的宾语，此处应用表示“什么”的连接代词what。故选B项。 43．A．carried B．watched C．figured D．looked 答案：C 解析：根据语境和后文“decided to do something for the new student”可知，此处表示Jeff Wilkins了解了Sergio的情况。故选C项。 44．A．think highly of B．let go of C．keep track of D．take advantage of 答案：D 解析：根据语境和后文“this hands-on chance”可知，此处表示利用这个动手的机会。故选D项。 45．A．failed B．worked C．continued D．appeared 答案：B 解析：根据语境和前文“how building a robotic hand”可知，此处表示制造机械手是如何工作的。故选B项。 46．A．decades B．hours C．weeks D．years 答案：C 解析：根据常识和后文“With access to online models and a 3D printer, they______ created a robotic hand, which was intended to look ______ and work well, like catching something. ”可知，此处指他们制作机械手花费了四周时间。故选C项。 47．A．test B．exam C．project D．course 答案：C 解析：根据语境和后文“they______ created a robotic hand”可知，此处指他们参与了制作机械手这个项目。故选C项。 48．A．gradually B．slowly C．immediately D．eventually 答案：D 解析：根据后文“Then came the final testing day. ”可知，此处指他们最终制作了一只机械手。故选D项。 49．A．different B．common C．distinct D．good 答案：D 解析：根据语境和后文“and work well”可知，此处指机械手既外观好看又能很好地工作。故选D项。 50．A．negotiated B．gathered C．studied D．discussed 答案：B 解析：根据语境和后文“in the science classroom, watching breathlessly”可知，此处指全班同学都聚集在科学教室里。故选B项。 51．A．wore B．controlled C．touched D．connected 答案：A 解析：根据语境和后文“the self-made robotic hand and caught hold of a ball with his arm ______ slightly”可知，此处指Sergio小心翼翼地戴上自制的机械手。故选A项。 52．A．moving B．waving C．holding D．trembling 答案：D 解析：根据常识和前文“the self-made robotic hand”可知，Sergio戴上自制的机械手，拿东西不稳，并且此处是“with＋宾语＋宾补”的结构，tremble与宾语his arm是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式作宾补。故选D项。 53．A．left B．right C．only D．single 答案：B 解析：根据前文“15-year-old Sergio Peralta was feeling very nervous because his right hand had never fully formed since he was born”可知，他的右手从出生起就没有完全发育，此处指Sergio从未想过自己会用自己的右手抓住东西。故选B项。 54．A．story B．joke C．hit D．spot 答案：C 解析：根据后文“and various media competed to ______ the news”可知，此处指Jeff和他的学生们迅速走红。故选C项。 55．A．cover B．send C．fight D．interview 答案：A 解析：根据后文“the news”可知，此处指报道这一新闻。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Distinguished scientist Lu Yuanjiu(陆元九)，has urged China’s scientists，researchers，engineers and technicians 56．________(make)full use of their talents to contribute to the motherland and her people. “People in my generation 57．________(study)under enemy bombing and built our country from ruins，” he said at his home in Beijing 58．________ (late). “My comrades(同事)and I spent our 59．________ (young)in sending our country’s rockets and satellites into space. Our successors have managed to place spacecraft on the moon and Mars，60．________ (accomplish)our country’s thousand-year dreams of exploring the universe. I am very 61．________(hope)that our younger scientists，researchers，engineers and technicians can see their work 62．________ a long-distance race，stay true to their missions，and use all their passion and energy to advance the nation’s science and technology. ” One of the founders of China’s space industry，Lu played 63．________ important role in the design and construction of the country’s first satellite 64．________ was lifted into orbit in April 1970． In recognition of his service and contribution to China，Lu 65．________(award)the July 1 Medal. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国杰出科学家陆元九对航天事业做出的贡献和对年轻人的期待。 56．答案：to make 解析：考查非谓语动词。urge sb to do意为“鼓励/敦促某人做某事”，为固定短语。故填to make。 57．答案：studied 解析：考查动词的时态。此处指他那一代的人的学习情况，用一般过去时。故填studied。 58．答案：lately 解析：考查词性转换。根据句意可知，这几句话是他最近说的，用时间副词lately。故填lately。 59．答案：youth 解析：考查词性转换。此处填名词作动词spent的宾语，且不可数。故填youth。 60．答案：accomplishing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词have managed，此处填非谓语动词，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，用动词-ing形式作结果状语。故填accomplishing。 61．答案：hopeful 解析：考查词性转换。根据句意可知，此处应填形容词作表语，故填hopeful。 62．答案：as 解析：考查介词。see sth as sth意为“把某物看作某物”，故填as。 63．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。固定搭配play an important role in意为“在……中发挥重要作用”，故填an。 64．答案：that 解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是satellite，指物，被序数词first修饰，且从句中缺少主语，故填that。 65．答案：was awarded 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。被授予勋章是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，且Lu和award之间是被动关系，主语为单数第三人称，故填was awarded。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2024·山东菏泽高二上学期期末) 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友John发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，向他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括： 1．科学家简介； 2．主要成就； 3．对你的影响。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear John， _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours， Li Hua 参考范文： Dear John， I’d like to introduce my favorite scientist to you. He is Qian Xuesen，a patriotic，outstanding and gifted scientist. Initially，Qian Xuesen studied Railway Mechanical Engineering，but after the Songhu Battle broke out，he shifted his major to aviation to defend his country. In 1955，he returned from America to China and was in charge of China’s space and missile programme. Under his leadership，China made steady progress in aerospace and aviation. He made great contributions to the development of China’s aerospace. Qian Xuesen devoted all his life to science and he will inspire me to follow my dream. Sincerely yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It all began when I moved to Dallasin the fourth grade，and I noticed that I was behind in my reading at school. Reading out loud，I had difficulty with half the sentences. My teacher，Mrs. Agnew，said my reading comprehension and ability to pronounce words was at a lower level than other fourth graders. I was scared every time she called on me to read aloud because，although I would try my hardest，she would always have to help me with the words. Mrs. Agnew suggested to my mother that I be tested for dyslexia (阅读障碍) and seek a cure. At first I didn’t understand why I was being tested. To be honest，I was in fear of facing failure then. Nervous and confused，I sat waiting in the hospital room，unsure of what Dr. Grady，the doctor who diagnosed developmental dyslexia，was telling my parents about the test results. However，the final results showed that I did have developmental dyslexia. Knowing it，I froze. I had no idea what to do but stand still. My mother looked at me and said quietly，“Honey，don’t worry，and I’ll be with you all time. Are you going to let the obstacle get in your way? Say NO！”．Eventually，I became determined to struggle against my disability. I started to take speech treatments from doctors and some medical volunteers regularly. Dr. Grady told us to go to the hospital twice a week for treatment and my reading ability will get to normal after three years’ training. Gradually，I even began to love reading，which I had once hated so much. Several medical volunteers listened to me patiently and taught me patiently. I was deeply moved. Whenever I saw volunteers in candy-striped (有粉白相间条纹的) medical uniforms passing by me，I had a strong desire to give back by being a volunteer to help those like me. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The time for retesting finally arrived. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day a little girl in a wheelchair asked me to read a book to her. 参考范文： The time for retesting finally arrived. I had overcome my learning disability. Dr. Grady confirmed this. “I’m proud of you，honey！” My mother smiled，hugging me tightly. Dr. Grady said that my dyslexia was at a minimum. My reading ability was as normal as other teens. I was overjoyed. But even though I had conquered one of the biggest challenges in my life，I still felt like something was missing. I decided to do something for others. One day a little girl in a wheelchair asked me to read a book to her. I read the book very slowly so that she could understand the story and the words. When it was time for me to leave，the girl thanked me for reading to her. I walked out of her room with a huge smile on my face. Without their help and encouragement，I would have hesitated in reading a book to this little girl，but now I was confident. I had overcome my disability and was helping others to overcome theirs. I am determined to help others face and conquer the challenges that I have overcome. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$