UNIT 12 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2 Aha Moment-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（北师大版2019）

课时测评16　Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 (时间：45分钟　满分：54.5分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共4分) 1．The incubation(孵化) period is most frequently between 7 to 21 days. 2．It is no coincidence(巧合)that the first truly personal music player，the Sony Walkman，was invented in Japan. 3．I came into adult life clueless(一窍不通的) about a lot of things that most people take for granted. 4．She emerged from the sea，blue with cold. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共6分) 1．The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation(evaluate) of the service. 2．By coincidence，my best friend and I ended up working at the same advertising firm. 3．I wanted to shout out and stop her but she was already gone. 4．It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. 5．In fact，we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself. 6．It will be so great watching the sun come up. 维度三　完成句子/句式升级(每小题4分，共12分) 1．汤姆很擅长理科，而他的弟弟对踢足球感兴趣。(while连接并列句) Tom is very good at science，while his brother is interested in playing football. 2．总之，真正重要的是我们应该建立一个和谐的社会。(that引导表语从句) All in all，what really matters is that we should build a harmonious society. 3．We all know that the Internet has its advantages and its disadvantages. →As we all know, the Internet has its advantages as well as its disadvantages. (as引导非限制性定语从句) [素能提升练] Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2024·四川达州阶段练习) Bring your ideas to life with Coolest Projects If you like creating things, enjoy coding (编码) and also want to have lots of fun, then Coolest Projects is for you. This online technology exhibition is the number one place for young creators from across the globe to display their projects. It is completely free and for all experience levels, from beginners to advanced coders and everyone in between. You can work by yourself or as a team with up to five friends. Last year more than 1，600 people from 35 countries took part. The categories range from games, Scratch (a visual programming language and a free online programming site), hardware, mobile apps, web, and advanced programming, so there is something for everyone. Some of the past projects include an electric ukulele (a musical instrument like a small guitar) made from cardboard, a smart rubbish bin, and a video game made entirely in Scratch. George from the UK saw the exhibition and said it helped him a lot. “I think it’s a really good way to see other people’s projects and I think it has really helped me get a view of how much is involved in building technology. ”By taking part in Coolest Projects you will receive： Personalized feedback (反馈意见) on your project. A spot on the online gallery, where the whole world will see your creation. An invitation to the livestream celebration in December. If you want to enter Coolest Projects, your project doesn’t even need to be finished to be part of the exhibition. To find out more and get inspired, visit：online. coolestprojects. org. Registrations close 11 November 2022． 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个邀请全球青少年展示编程创作的项目展——Coolest Projects。 1．What do we know about Coolest Projects? A．It charges for registration. B．It rejects uncompleted projects. C．It allows more than six members in one team. D．It encourages young people to share their creations. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This online technology exhibition is the number one place for young creators from across the globe to display their projects. ”可知，Coolest Projects鼓励年轻人分享他们的创作。故选D项。 2．What did George say about the exhibition? A．It helped him know about technological innovation. B．It divided the projects into three categories. C．It should have involved more countries. D．It failed to cover building design. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“George from the UK saw the exhibition and said it helped him a lot. ‘I think it’s a really good way to see other people’s projects and I think it has really helped me get a view of how much is involved in building technology. ’”可推知，这次展览帮助他了解技术创新。故选A项。 3．What will creators receive from Coolest Projects? A．Electric instruments. B．Invitations to Scratch. C．Generalized feedback on their projects. D．An online exhibition spot to display their works. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据By taking part in Coolest Projects you will receive：部分“A spot on the online gallery, where the whole world will see your creation. ”可知，创作者将从Coolest Projects获得一个在线展览点来展示他们的作品。故选D项。 B (2024·江苏南通阶段练习) How can a large city find water for 10 million people if it is in the desert? Fog-catching nets on hills around the city of Lima, the capital of Peru, could solve the city’s water shortages for good. A twenty-meter high net tower will soon be displayed in the city as a solution to the problem. Peru’s capital city has just one inch of rain a year. The city sees high annual temperatures and water consumption rates. Located in a desert, the city’s temperatures are higher than world averages. However, a unique feature of Lima’s weather offers a way of meeting some of this demand. Located on the coast, Lima’s surrounding hills are constantly bathed in waves of fog coming off the Pacific Ocean, and the moisture (湿气) taken in by plants ensures they stay green year-round. Inspired by fog nets placed by rural communities across the continent, Alberto Fernandez, a Chilean architect currently studying for a Ph. D．from University College London, has designed a series of towers and fog-catching nets. They can collect as much as 1，000 liters of water per day, amounting to 3.6 million liters per year, if enough are put into use. Their towering structure allows them to get into the clouds, collecting more vital water vapor (蒸气), and their unique shape means that no matter the direction of the wind, the moisture-rich fog will strike some part of the structure directly. The water will largely be used for agriculture — as the water would require filtering (过滤) before consumption — helping free up resources for city residents. Cheaper than filtering water from the Rimac River, these towers and nets, which Fernandez says could be built up to 200 meters high, are part of a series of designs for the Lima 2035 project. It aims to change current desertification and create a new place for sustainable and human-centered food systems that promote healthy diets and improve incomes in the driest city on Earth. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了秘鲁的首都利马这座地球上最干旱的城市如何通过安装捕雾网来解决水资源短缺的问题。 4．What makes plants in Lima stay green year-round? A．The heavy rainfall. B．The high temperature. C．The net tower. D．The unique location. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Located on the coast, Lima’s surrounding hills are constantly bathed in waves of fog coming off the Pacific Ocean, and the moisture (湿气) taken in by plants ensures they stay green year-round. ”可知，利马位于海岸的独特位置让其可以笼罩在雾浪中，让植物全年保持绿色。故选D项。 5．What does Fernandez draw inspirations from? A．The direction of the wind. B．The moisture-rich fog. C．The height of the tower. D．The fog-catching net. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inspired by fog nets placed by rural communities across the continent, Alberto Fernandez, a Chilean architect currently studying for a Ph. D．from University College London, has designed a series of towers and fog-catching nets. ”可知，Fernandez的灵感来自农村社区放置的捕雾网。故选D项。 6．What will Fernandez’s design mainly help to do? A．Supply drinking water. B．Turn desert into rich soil. C．Increase food production. D．Develop healthy lifestyles. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The water will largely be used for agriculture — as the water would require filtering (过滤) before consumption — helping free up resources for city residents. ”和“It aims to change current desertification and create a new place for sustainable and human-centered food systems that promote healthy diets and improve incomes in the driest city on Earth. ”可知，Fernandez的设计主要将帮助为农业提供用水，提高当地的粮食产量。故选C项。 7．Which of following would be a suitable title for the text? A．Fog-catching towers help solve water shortage B．The driest city on Earth faces a serious problem C．Fernandez designed the first fog-catching net D．Water plays a role in a sustainable food system 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，文章围绕利马通过安装捕雾网来解决水资源短缺的问题展开，介绍了利马的地理位置使得雾气成为一种宝贵的水资源，设计师利用这一特点设计了高耸的塔和捕雾网，每天可以收集大量的雾水，为城市提供稳定的水源。这些收集的水将主要用于农业，为城市居民提供一种可持续的水资源解决方案。因此，A项“捕雾塔有助于解决水资源短缺问题”符合文章主旨，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·广东深圳阶段练习) When Betelhem Dessie’s father didn’t have time to celebrate her 9th birthday, the Ethiopian girl decided to become a tech expert and pay for a celebration herself. Drawn to the field for its money-making __1__, Betelhem began learning by hanging around local computer repair shops. Google searches and borrowed books from local colleges helped __2__ her knowledge. Soon Betelhem __3__ from her after-school tech jobs. Now at age 19, Betelhem sees that tech has the potential to __4__ a lot more than just money for birthday celebrations. “Technology is __5__ to Africa’s future. __6__ the young generation in tech will build something lasting. ” Through initiatives like Girls Can Code and iCog Labs, she tries to increase girls’ __7__ in the field and guides them to create tech-based __8__ to community problems. With the Anyone Can Code program, Betelhem taught programing and robotics to children through __9__ ways, including clubs and summer camps. However, Betelhem faces __10__. Ethiopian parents often __11__ their daughters from pursuing STEM fields. As a result, girls in Ethiopia don’t pursue these fields __12__ after graduating from high school, though they are good at STEM subjects. Besides, tech education isn’t valued in schools. People think programing is not __13__ unless you want to be a computer scientist. Despite these, Betelhem continues __14__ the Ethiopia’s next generation to study tech. She loves the field and wants to inspire that same __15__ in other girls in her country. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Betelhem Dessie在9岁时因为父亲没有时间为自己庆祝生日，于是决定成为一名技术专家，为自己花钱庆祝，然而到19岁的时候，她意识到技术是非洲的未来，她开始致力于帮助下一代学习技术。 1．A．prediction B．mode C．potential D．warning 答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“Betelhem sees that tech has the potential to ______ a lot more than just money for birthday celebrations”可知，这里是potential的原词复现，表示赚钱的潜力。故选C。 2．A．test B．apply C．share D．expand 答案：D 解析：根据空前的“Google searches and borrowed books from local colleges”和空后的“her knowledge”可知，她通过网络和书扩大了自己的知识储备。故选D。 3．A．drew attention B．broke away C．made money D．kept back 答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“pay for a celebration herself”和“Drawn to the field for its money-making ______”可知，她想要自己花钱庆祝生日，并且她被技术领域的赚钱潜力吸引了，由此可知，这里表示她赚钱了。故选C。 4．A．cost B．offer C．require D．cover 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“a lot more than just money for birthday celebrations”可知，这里表示技术能提供比赚钱更多的东西。故选B。 5．A．available B．difficult C．adaptable D．critical 答案：D 解析：根据下文中的“______ the young generation in tech will build something lasting”可知，她认为技术对非洲的未来非常重要。故选D。 6．A．Controlling B．Training C．Following D．Meeting 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“Betelhem continues ______ the Ethiopia’s next generation to study tech”可知，这里表示对年轻一代进行技术培训。故选B。 7．A．participation B．sales C．productivity D．confidence 答案：A 解析：根据空前的“increase girls’”和空后的“in the field”可知，她想要增加女孩在技术领域的参与度。故选A。 8．A．solutions B．chance C．references D．links 答案：A 解析：根据空后的“to community problems”可知，这里表示创造基于技术的解决方案。故选A。 9．A．similar B．various C．unusual D．remarkable 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“including clubs and summer camps”可知，她通过俱乐部和夏令营等各种方式来教孩子们编程和机器人技术。故选B。 10．A．recognition B．competition C．charges D．challenges 答案：D 解析：根据下文内容及语境可知，由于家长们的不支持和学校的不重视，她的工作面临着挑战。故选D。 11．A．rescue B．protect C．prevent D．separate 答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“As a result, girls in Ethiopia don’t pursue these fields”可知，这些女孩儿最终没有追求这些领域，由此可知，她们的父母阻止她们。故选C。 12．A．professionally B．legally C．gradually D．regularly 答案：A 解析：根据空后的“after graduating from high school”可知，这里指的是女孩们在高中毕业后不再专业地继续学习这些领域。故选A。 13．A．fancy B．easy C．necessary D．irrelevant 答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“tech education isn’t valued in schools”和空后的“unless you want to be a computer scientist”可知，学校不重视技术，人们认为除非想成为计算机科学家，否则没必要学习编程。故选C。 14．A．commanding B．encouraging C．forcing D．permitting 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“wants to inspire”可知，她继续鼓励下一代学习技术。故选B。 15．A．innovation B．passion C．discussion D．creativity 答案：B 解析：根据句中的“She loves the field”和空前的“that same”可知，她热爱技术领域，她还想在其他女孩身上激发出同样的热情。故选B。 学生用书第106页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$