UNIT 11 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3 War Memories-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following questions. What comes to your mind when talking about wars？And what can wars lead to? Wars are violent. They will kill and injure people，causing great damage to people’s life and properties. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ．Read for the main idea What’s the main idea of the passage? A．A famous war in history. B．Some measures against the war. C．The harm that war brings to people. D．The different war memories of different people. 答案：D Ⅱ．Match the main idea with each story Story A　　A．Brave Patient Story B B．Death of a Village Story C C．No More Fighting 答案：Stories A—C：BCA Ⅲ．Read for the structure 学生用书第63页 Ⅳ. Read for details 1．Why was Chuc not killed by the American soldiers? A．Because he escaped from the village. B．Because he knew one of the American soldiers. C．Because the American soldiers didn’t find him. D．Because he was covered by a pile of dead bodies after he was wounded. 2．Both of the troops were fed up with the war，so ________. A．they gave up the war B．they got together to celebrate Christmas C．they didn’t fire a shot any more D．they made friends with each other 3．Why did the soldier refuse the watch? A．Because he didn’t like the watch. B．Because he thought the watch was too expensive. C．Because he thought the watch couldn’t replace his legs. D．Because he thought other soldiers would be better worth the watch. 4．The nurse began sobbing because ________. A．she admired the soldier and was moved by him B．she felt sorry for that she couldn’t save the soldier’s legs C．the soldier made her think of her son D．the war was cruel 答案：1－4　DBCA Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ．难句解构 尝试翻译　他们中的一个人用英语说，他在英国工作过几年，受够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高兴。Ⅱ．佳句写作 1．教材佳句　“Everyone was calm. We’d seen it all before. ”Then he watched in surprise as the soldiers set up a machine gun. The calm ended and panic set in. The people began weeping and praying. (场景描写) 学后仿写　在观众的注视下，汤姆走上舞台，手心直冒汗。 Watched by the audience，Tom stepped onto the stage, with his palms sweating. 2．教材佳句　When he was waking up after the surgeon had finished, he whispered, “Don’t you remember me, ma’am？”(语言描写) 学后仿写　“我们是来感谢你的，亲爱的。谢谢你帮我打扫院子。”阿比盖尔说着，伸手去摸利奥的手。 “We’re here to thank you, dear. Thank you for helping me clean my yard. ” Abigail said, reaching out to touch Leo’s hand. Ⅲ．品质升华 1．Why did the nurse feel turned off when she was told to clean up the ward for some VIPs’ visit? (Critical Thinking批判性思维) Because she had done this many times before, and she got tired of doing it again. 2．What can you learn from the three stories about wars? (Creative Thinking创造性思维) Wars can cause great damage to people and many people will lose their lives in wars. So people are fed up with wars and eager for peace. 学生用书第64页 ◎ ①48-year-old是由“num. ＋n. ＋adj. ”构成的复合形容词，常作前置定语。 ②together with… 与……一起 ③march/mɑːtʃ/v. 使同行，强迫(某人)一起走 ④in surprise吃惊地，惊奇地 ⑤set up竖起，架设；建设，建立(建筑物、组织、机构等) ⑥weep/wiːp/vi. & vt. 哭泣，流(泪) ⑦shoot/ʃuːt/vt. & vi. 射击 ⑧wound sb in the leg伤了某人的腿；leg前用the，不用one’s。 ⑨unconscious/ʌnˈkɒnʃəs/adj. 无知觉的 ⑩pile/paɪl/n. 一大堆 a pile of… 一大堆…… ⑪flee/fliː/vi. & vt. 逃离，逃走 ⑫frontier/ˈfrʌntɪə/n. 边境，国界 on the frontier在边境上，在前线 ⑬stick up竖起 ⑭throw… off把……扔掉 ⑮trench/trentʃ/n. 战壕，堑壕 ⑯representative/ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/n. 代表，代理人 ⑰greet/griːt/vt. 问候，迎接，招呼 ⑱shake hands (with sb)(与某人)握手 ⑲prevent/prɪˈvent/vt. 阻止 ⑳in the middle of在……中间 ㉑one another彼此(三者或三者以上) each other彼此(两者之间) ㉒be fed up (to the neck) with饱受，厌烦 ㉓distribute/dɪˈstrɪbjuːt/vt. 分发，分配，分送 distribute… between/among… 在……之间分配…… ㉔consume/kənˈsjuːm/vt. 喝；消费，消耗 ㉕temporary/ˈtempərəri/adj. 暂时的，临时的；短期的 ㉖midnight/ˈmɪdnaɪt/n. 子夜，午夜 ㉗bond/bɒnd/n. 联系；承诺，契约 ㉘Boxing Day(节礼日)，为每年的12月26日，圣诞节次日或是圣诞节后的第一个工作日，是在英联邦部分地区庆祝的节日，一些欧洲国家也将其定为节日，叫做“圣士提反日”。传统上这一日要向服务业工人赠送圣诞节礼物。 ㉙shot/ʃɒt/n. 射击，开枪 fire a shot开枪 ㉚set the ball rolling开头，开始 ㉛grateful/ˈɡreɪtfl/adj. 感激的 ㉜replace/rɪˈpleɪs/vt. 代替，取代 ㉝ward/wɔːd/n. 病房 ㉞turn sb off使某人厌烦/失去兴趣 ㉟dozen/ˈdʌzən/num. 一打 ㊱wake up(使)醒来 ㊲surgeon/ˈsɜːdʒən/n. 外科医生 ㊳ceremony/ˈserəməni/n. 仪式，典礼 ㊴appreciation/əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən/n. 感激 ㊵more or less或多或少 ㊶incident/ˈɪnsɪdənt/n. (尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件 ㊷sort of有几分；到某种程度；稍稍；有一点 ◎ WAR MEMORIES Story A ________ Do Chuc is a 48-year-old① Vietnamese farmer whose two daughters and aunt were killed by American soldiers in My Lai that day[1]. He and his family were eating breakfast when[2]the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes. Together with② other villagers，they were marched③ a few hundred metres into the village square where they were told to sit. “Still we had no reason to be afraid，”Chuc remembered. “Everyone was calm. We’d seen it all before. ”Then he watched in surprise④ as the soldiers set up⑤ a machine gun. The calm ended and panic set in. The people began weeping⑥ and praying. One man showed his identification papers to a soldier，but the American simply said，“Sorry. ” Then the shooting⑦ started. Chuc was wounded in the leg⑧and almost unconscious⑨，but he was covered by a pile⑩ of dead bodies and thus，his life was saved. After waiting an hour，he fled⑪ the village. (Adapted from My Lai 4 by Seymour Hersh) [1]此处whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词farmer。 [2]be doing… when是固定句式，意为“正在做……，这时(突然)……”。 Story B ________ We were on the frontier⑫ and on Christmas morning we stuck up⑬ a board displaying “A Merry Christmas” on it. The enemy had stuck up a similar one. Two of our men then threw their equipment off⑭ and climbed out of the trench⑮ with their hands above their heads as our representatives⑯. Two of the Germans did the same. They greeted⑰ each other and shook hands⑱. Then we all got out of the trench. Bill (our officer) tried to prevent⑲ it but it was too late，so he and the other officers climbed out，too. We，and the Germans，walked through the mud and met in the middle of⑳ no-man’s land. 学生用书第65页 We spent all day with one another㉑. Some of them could speak English. By the look of them，their trenches were in as bad a state as our own. One of their men，speaking in English，said that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with㉒this war and would be glad when it was over. [3] We told him he wasn’t the only one who was fed up with it. The German officer asked Bill if we would like some beer [4] and they brought it over to us. Bill distributed㉓ the beer among us and we consumed㉔ a lot. The officers came to an understanding that we would celebrate Christmas in temporary㉕ peace until midnight㉖[5]. [3]本句是含有两个宾语从句的复合句。“speaking in English”是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语；when引导时间状语从句。 [4]句中if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。 [5]句中that引导同位语从句。 　　Just before midnight，we all decided not to start firing before they did. We’d formed a bond㉗ and during the whole of Boxing Day㉘，we never fired a shot㉙ and they the same；each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling㉚. One of their men shouted across in English and asked how we had enjoyed the beer. We replied that we were very grateful㉛ and spent the whole day chatting with them. [6]That evening we were replaced㉜ by other soldiers. (Adapted from Old Soldiers Never Die by Frank Richards) [6]本句为主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句，其中sb spend＋时间/金钱＋(in)doing sth/on sth意为“某人花费时间或金钱做某事”。 Story C ________ I got a phone call from the chief nurse，saying，“You’ve got a patient there who is going to get an award[7]. Make sure that the ward㉝ looks good. ” This really turned me off㉞ to begin with，“Let’s clean up the ward because we’ve got VIPs coming in. ”Well，the VIPs happened to be a general and a group of about a dozen㉟ people. It was this patient’s second visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off[8]—he was all of about 20 years old. When he was waking up㊱ after the surgeon㊲ had finished，he whispered，“Don’t you remember me，ma’am？” I said，“Oh yeah！” But really I didn’t because there were so many of them. The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20，000 to come through this hospital. They had this little ceremony㊳，where they presented him with a Purple Heart and a watch[9]. As the general handed him the watch，“from the army，to show our appreciation， ” the kid more or less㊵ threw the watch back at him. He said something like，“I can’t accept this，sir；it’s not going to help me walk. ” After this little incident㊶，I went over and took him in my arms. If I remember correctly，I started sobbing and I think he was crying，too. I really admired him for that. That was the only time I let somebody see what I felt[10]. It took a lot for him to do that，and it sort of㊷ said what this war was all about to me. (Adapted from A Piece of My Heart by Keith Walker) [7]句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词patient。 [8]句中含有“have sth done”的使役结构。 [9]句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词ceremony。 [10]句中what引导宾语从句。 学生用书第66页 ◎ 战争回忆 故事A________ 杜沙是一位48岁的越南农民，他的两个女儿和一位姑妈那一天在美莱村被美国士兵杀害。杜沙和家人正在吃早餐，这时美国士兵突然进入了村庄，命令所有村民从家里出来。他们和其他村民一起被带到几百米外的空地上，然后被要求坐下。“这我们没觉得有什么可怕的，”杜沙回忆道。“大家都很平静。我们之前也见过这样的场面。”接着他惊讶地发现士兵们竟架起了机关枪。平静结束了，恐慌开始了。人们开始哭泣、乞求。一名男子向士兵出示了他的身份证件，但那个美国人只是简单地说了声“对不起”。然后，扫射开始了。杜沙的腿受了伤，几乎不省人事，但他被一堆死尸覆盖，因此幸存了下来。等了一个小时后，他逃离了村子。 (改编自西摩· 赫什的《美莱村四小时》) 故事B ________ 那时我们在前线。圣诞节早晨我们竖起一块牌子，上面写着“圣诞快乐”。敌人也竖起了一块差不多的牌子。然后，我们的两名士兵脱下装备，爬出战壕，双手举过头顶，作为我方代表。两名德军士兵也这样做了。他们互相打招呼并握手，然后我们所有人都走出了战壕。比尔(我们的军官)试图阻止这一切，但为时已晚，因此他和其他军官也都爬了出来。我们和德国人穿过泥泞，在无人地带中间相聚。 学生用书第67页 　　我们一起待了一整天。他们中有些人会说英语。从他们的样子上可以看出，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。他们中的一个人用英语说，他在英国工作过几年，受够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高兴。我们告诉他，不只他一个人受够了这场战争，我们也同样受够了这场战争。德国军官问比尔要不要来点儿啤酒，他们拿过来送给我们。比尔把啤酒分给大家，我们喝了很多。双方军官达成共识，午夜之前我们将暂时和平地庆祝圣诞节。 临近午夜，我们都决定在对方开枪之前不先开枪。我们建立了一种默契，整个节礼日期间，我们都没有开过一枪，他们也一样；双方似乎都在等对方先开火。他们中的一个人用英语大喊，问我们啤酒怎么样，我们回答说非常感谢他们的啤酒，接下来一整天双方都在聊天。那天晚上，我们被其他士兵替换下来了。 (改编自弗兰克· 理查兹的《老兵永生》) 故事C ________ 我接到护士长的电话，她说：“你那儿有个病人要得奖了，务必确保病房干净整洁。”这打一开始就让我很反感，“我们打扫病房吧，因为有贵宾要来。”嗯，贵宾碰巧是一名将军和十几号人的随从。这是这个病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十几岁。做完手术后他苏醒过来，小声说：“你不记得我了吗，女士？”我说：“哦，当然记得你！”但其实我对他没有印象，因为这里的伤员太多了。将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是这家医院的第2万个病人。他们举行了一个小小的仪式，在这个仪式上，他们给他颁发了一枚紫心勋章和一块手表。当将军把那块“来自军队，象征我们的感激”的手表递给他时，那孩子几乎是把手表扔回给他。他说了几句话，大概意思是“长官，我不能要这块手表，因为它不能帮我走路。”这件小插曲之后，我走过去把他搂在怀里。如果我没记错的话，我哭了，我记得他应该也哭了。我真的很佩服他能说出那样的话。那也是我唯一一次流露自己真实的感受。他那么做是很需要勇气的，这也多少反映了我对这场战争的看法。 (改编自凯斯·沃克的《心之彼方》) ◎阅读单词——识记 1．soldiers on duty 值勤的士兵 2．a bomb explosion 炸弹爆炸 3．a frontier town 一个边陲小镇 4．cross the border 穿越边界 5．civilian life 平民生活 6．leave at midnight 午夜离开 7．children’s ward 儿科病房 8．heart surgeon 心脏外科医生 9．a four-star general 四星上将 ◎核心单词——练通 1．weep for joy 高兴得流泪 2．in a state of panic 处于惊慌状态 3．pray for peace 祈求和平 4．a pile of books 一大堆书籍 5．display this data 展示这个数据 学生用书第68页 6．three dozen red roses 三打红玫瑰 7．opening ceremony 开幕仪式 8．an international incident 一个国际事件 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．murder n．谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪→murderer n．杀人凶手 2．identification n．身份证明(文件)→identify v．确认；识别；鉴别→identity n．身份；同一性，一致 3．representative n．代表，代理人→represent vt. 代表，表示；象征 4．greet vt. 问候，迎接，招呼→greeting n．问候，招呼 5．mud n．泥，烂泥→muddy adj. 泥泞的；含泥的 6．distribute vt. 分发，分配，分送→distribution n．分发；分配；分布→distributor n．经销商，批发商 7．temporary adj. 暂时的，临时的；短期的→temporarily adv. 暂时地，临时地 8．appreciation n．感激→ appreciate vt. 感激；欣赏→appreciative adj. 欣赏的，赞赏的；感激的 规律：形容词变y为i＋ly变成副词 temporary adj. 暂时的，临时的；短期的→temporarily adv. 暂时地，临时地 例如：angrily adv. 生气地 happily adv. 高兴地，快乐地 heavily adv. 在很大程度上；沉重地 busily adv. 忙碌地 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．对……感到厌烦 be fed up with 2．吃惊地，惊奇地 in surprise 3．竖起，架设；建设，建立(建筑物、组织、机构等) set up 4．一大堆…… a pile of 5．首先；起初 to begin with 6．清理 clean up 第二组　英译汉 7．stick up 竖起 8．one another 彼此(三者或三者以上) 9．more or less 差不多，或多或少 10．blow off 炸毁，炸掉 11．take sb in one’s arms 拥抱某人 12．sort of 有几分，有一点 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　be doing sth when… 正在做……，这时(突然)…… 教材原句　He and his family were eating breakfast when (正在吃早餐，这时) the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes. 2．句型公式　“as… as… ”结构 教材原句　By the look of them，their trenches were in as bad a state as our own(和我们的一样糟糕). 3．句型公式　have sth done使某事被做 教材原句　It was this patient’s second visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off(他的双腿都被炸没了) —he was all of about 20 years old. 学生用书第69页 Ⅰ．核心词汇练全 panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 (教材原句)The calm ended and panic set in. 平静结束了，惊慌开始了。 (1)panic vt. &vi. 　 (使)惊慌，惊慌失措 panic sb into doing sth 使某人仓惶行事；使仓促行动 (2)in panic 惊慌地 get into a panic 陷入恐慌 [温馨提示]　panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked。 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①Hearing the gun，the deer was panicked into running(run) straight for the headlights. ②Yesterday afternoon my brother Bill damaged your car and ran away in panic. ③我的兴奋是短暂的……当我紧紧地靠在桌子上时，我陷入了恐慌，并四处移动我的头，试图找到合适的角度，但这没有用。 →My excitement was short-lived… I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. (panic n．) →My excitement was short-lived… I panicked as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use. (panic v．) greet vt. 问候，迎接，招呼；映入……的眼帘 (教材原句)They greeted each other and shook hands. 他们互相打招呼并握手。 (1)greet… with… 用……来迎接…… be greeted by 受到……的欢迎；受到……接待 (2)greeting n． 问候，招呼 send one’s greetings to 向……问好 单句语法填空/读后续写之细节描写 ①The next morning，I greeted Chris with a big smile. ②He always nodded a greeting(greet) when he saw us. ③第二天早上，丽莎整洁的卧室呈现在她父母的眼前，看到女儿信守诺言，他们感到惊讶。 The next morning，Lisa’s parents were greeted by her tidy bedroom and surprised to see their daughter keep her word. distribute vt. 分发，分配，分送 (教材原句)Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot. 比尔把啤酒分给大家，我们喝了很多。 (1)distribute… to… 　　 把……分配给…… distribute… among/between… 在……中分发或分配 (2)distribution n． 分发；分配；分布 (3)distributor n． 经销商；批发商 学生用书第70页 [词汇助记]　His property was distributed among his sons. But unexpectedly，they had a conflict about the distribution. 他的财产分给了他的儿子们。但出乎意料的是，他们在分配上发生了冲突。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The teacher was distributing the sweets among/between the children when they were sorrowful. ②Who will take charge of the distribution (distribute) of food and clothing to the flood victims? ③You can get the book through your local distributor(distribute). ④她把食物带到难民营，在那里把它分发给孩子们。 She took the food to the refugee camp, in which she distributed it to the children. appreciation n．感激 (教材原句)As the general handed him the watch，“from the army，to show our appreciation，”the kid more or less threw the watch back at him. 当将军把那块“来自军队，象征着我们的感激”的手表递给他时，那孩子几乎是把手表扔回给他。 (1)appreciate vt. 感激；欣赏 appreciate (one’s) doing sth 感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if… 如果……，我将不胜感激 (2)appreciative adj. 欣赏的，赞赏的；感激的 [温馨提示]　appreciate后面接if引导的从句时，要先接it再跟从句，其中it指代后面从句的内容，相当于形式宾语。类似用法的还有love，hate，like，prefer，dislike等。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之求助信 ①We appreciate joining(join) in this activity，which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young. ②Here I sincerely express my appreciation(appreciate) to you for your help with my English. ③如果你愿意帮助我们，我会很感激的。 I would truly appreciate it if you are willing to give a hand to us. 1．一词多义——general A．adj. 大体的；笼统的　B．n. 将军，上将 C．adj. 全体的；普遍的　D．adj. 正常的；一般的 ①One of the company stepped out and saluted the General. B ②The general opinion is that the conference was a success. C ③There is one exception to this general principle. D ④They gave a general description of the man. A 2．熟词生义 ①They have an appreciation of the needs of their users. v. 对情况的充分了解 ②The child was made a ward of court. n. 受监护人 学生用书第71页 Ⅱ．典型句式讲透 句型公式：be doing sth when… 正在做……，这时(突然)…… (教材原句)He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes. 他和他的家人正在吃早餐，这时美国士兵突然进入了村庄，命令所有村民从家里出来。 be doing sth when… 用于表示当某人或某物正在做某事，这时突然发生另一件事。相关表达还有：be about to do sth when… ，had just done sth when… 等 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She was walking(walk)along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help. ②I had just turned on the computer when my parents came back. ③我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答这个问题的勇气。 I was about to give up when the teacher’s praise gave me the courage to answer the question. (感谢信) ④我们三个正在探索吸引我们每个人的东西，这时吉姆突然喊道：“嘿！这里有一只鹿！” We three were exploring what attracted each of us when Jim suddenly called out，“Hey! There’s a deer in here！”(语言描写) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$