UNIT 12 Section Ⅲ Grammar-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版2019）

UNIT 12　INNOVATION Section Ⅲ　Grammar 形容词 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 精研语法　巧点拨 2 课时测评 3 初识语法　品语篇 返回 语法串烧 My school is located in the southern① part of our city. There are many flowers and trees in the schoolyard，so it is very beautiful②. It has three four-storey③ teaching buildings，two six-storey student dormitories，a three-storey office building and a laboratory building. The newly-built④ canteen is at the back of the school. The 300-meter-long⑤ and 200-meter-wide⑥ playground is where we exercise. The students are very diligent⑦，help each other and get along well. The teachers care for the students and are dedicated⑧ to their work. I like my school very much . 我的发现 返回 上面句中加黑词均为形容词，其中___________分别体现形容词后缀-ern，-ful，-ent，-ed等；___________分别体现复合形容词的构成特点。 ①②⑦⑧　 ③④⑤⑥　 精研语法　巧点拨 返回 一、动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀及复合形容词的构成 后缀 例词 -able accept→acceptable可接受的 comfort→comfortable舒适的 fashion→fashionable时髦的 suit→suitable适合的 reason→reasonable有道理的 1．动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀 后缀 例词 -al music→musical音乐的 origin→original最初的 person→personal个人的；私人的 center→central中央的；中心的 nature→natural自然的；天生的 -ful doubt→doubtful怀疑的 forget→forgetful健忘的 harm→harmful有害的 hope→hopeful有希望的 peace→peaceful和平的 后缀 例词 -ed scare→scared感到恐惧的 confuse→confused感到困惑的 underline→underlined下划线的 -ing surprise→surprising令人惊奇的 convince→convincing令人信服的 satisfy→satisfying令人满意的 -ible access→accessible可使用的 horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的 terror→terrible可怕的 后缀 例词 -ive act→active积极的；活跃的 effect→effective有效的；生效的 attract→attractive有吸引力的 impress→impressive给人深刻印象的 -ous continue→continuous不断的；持续的 anxiety→anxious忧虑的 caution→cautious十分小心的；谨慎的 curiosity→curious好奇的 humor→humorous幽默的 后缀 例词 -some tire→tiresome令人厌倦的 trouble→troublesome麻烦的 -y taste→tasty美味的；可口的 health→healthy健康的 wealth→wealthy富裕的；丰富的 -ern east→eastern东方的；向东的 -ish child→childish孩子气的 fool→foolish愚蠢的；可笑的 self→selfish自私的 温馨提示　后缀为-ed的形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”，通常修饰人；后缀为-ing的形容词多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，通常修饰物或事。 2．复合形容词的构成 构成方式 例词 形容词＋动词-ed形式 good-tempered好脾气的 kind-hearted好心肠的 形容词＋动词-ing形式 good-looking好看的 easy-going随和的 副词＋动词-ing形式 hard-working努力工作的 far-reaching影响深远的；广泛的 构成方式 例词 副词＋动词-ed形式 well-known著名的 wide-spread广泛传播的 名词＋动词-ing形式 peace-loving爱好和平的 English-speaking讲英语的 名词＋动词-ed形式 state-owned国有的 heart-felt衷心的 名词＋形容词 self-confident自信的 self-satisfied自我满足的 ◎巧学活用1——用所给词的适当形式填空 ①Mozi was a very ___________(influence) teacher. ②The rain has been ____________(continue) since this morning. ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) If he seems a little ____________(defend) , it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. ④The change in _________(globe) climate will undoubtedly influence many areas’ water supply. ⑤If he wants to become a ___________(success) singer，he should take some special courses in this area. influential　 continuous　 defensive　 global　 successful　 二、形容词的功能 1．作定语修饰名词或代词，说明其性质、特征等。 These are valuable suggestions. 这些是宝贵的建议。 2．作表语与连系动词构成系表结构，说明主语的性质或特征。 His suggestions are very valuable. 他的建议很有价值。 3．作补足语说明宾语或主语的性质、状态或特征。 I consider his suggestion very valuable. 我认为他的建议很有价值。 4．作状语主要表示原因、伴随等。 He returned home，safe and sound. 他回到了家，安然无恙。 ◎巧学活用2——完成句子 ①你有足够的时间做这项工作吗？ Do you ___________________ to do the work? ②我既尴尬又羞愧，做任何事都无法集中精力。请您帮帮我吧！ _______________________，I can’t concentrate on anything. Please help me! ③你会发现这些饭菜准备起来又快又方便。 You’ll find these meals ____________________ to prepare. ④事故发生后，她感到孤独和绝望。 After the accident，she felt ___________________. ⑤小男孩很好奇，伸手去拿包裹。 The little boy was ___________ that he reached for the package. have sufficient time　 Embarrassed and ashamed　 quick and convenient　 lonely and hopeless　 so curious　 三、形容词转换为副词 类别 例词 直接加-ly clear→clearly清楚地 great→greatly很；大大地 以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词，变y为i再加-ly happy→happily高兴地 heavy→heavily沉重地 以-ble/-le结尾的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly很；非常地 gentle→gently温柔地 类别 例词 以-ue结尾的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly真实地 以-ll结尾的形容词，直接加-y full→fully充分地；完全地 dull→dully迟钝地 以-ic结尾的形容词，加-ally basic→basically大体上；基本上 scientific→scientifically科学地 ◎巧学活用3——单句语法填空 ①Inspired by what had become a ________(true) global event，Coubertin designed the symbol of the Games：the Olympic rings. ②____________(certain)，I feel very glad because the competition went well and I am satisfied with the result of the rehearsals. ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, _______________(professional) presented manuscript(原稿). ④She was ___________(extreme) pretty，and her house was a reflection of herself. ⑤It was built ___________(original) to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty. truly　 Certainly　 professionally　 extremely　 originally　 1．形容词比较级和最高级的变化 规则变化 词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加-er或-est tall taller tallest long longer longest 以-e结尾的，只加-r或-st nice nicer nicest fine finer finest 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatter fattest 四、形容词的比较等级 规则变化 词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 以辅音字母＋y结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-est happy happier happiest easy easier easiest 其他双音节词和多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult more difficult most difficult beautiful more beautiful most Beautiful 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best bad/ill worse worst old older/elder oldest/eldest little less least far farther(具体) farthest(具体) further(抽象) furthest(抽象) 2．比较等级的用法 (1) as＋形容词的原级 ＋ as… 与not as/so＋形容词的原级表示同级比较。 The book is not so/as difficult as you imagine. 这本书不像你想的那么难。 (2) 比较级＋than表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. 研究发现早起锻炼的人要比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。 (3) 比较级的特殊结构 ①“the＋比较级… ，the＋比较级… ”表示“越……，就越……” The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。 ②“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……” Our city becomes more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 温馨提示　修饰比较等级的副词有much，even，still，far，a little，a lot，rather 等。more，very 等副词不可修饰比较级。 3．最高级的用法 (1) the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词 Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。 (2) one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我国最大的城市之一。 (3) “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级的意义 I have never read a better book than this. 这是我读过的最好的一本书。 ◎巧学活用4——单句语法填空 ①When the house was built，it was much _________(small) than it is today. ②Farming produced more food per person _______ hunting and gathering. ③One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ________(fine) work. ④However，as society progresses，the rapid rise in incomes and _________ (high) living standards will see more Chinese searching for experiences that are anything but traditional. ⑤Researchers think they are the most complete and ________(early) wooden structure building foundation in China. smaller　 than　 finest　 higher　 earliest　 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Provide __________(finance) aid and other benefits for local people. 2．Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the _________(nature) environment. 3．Doing housework is __________(help) for us to be a responsible person. 4．__________(equal) attractive are the tips on how to learn English，which is of great significance to my English study. 5．I _________(high) recommend visiting this exhibition. 语境基础练 financial　 natural　 helpful　 Equally　 highly　 6．We can use all kinds of resources to make learning ___________________ (interest) than traditional learning. 7．Staring at the screen is __________(harm) to our eyes. 8．In this documentary，we saw the __________(long) sea-crossing bridge in the world，Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. 9．I’m ____________(frighten) of walking home alone in the dark. 10．It is ___________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. more interesting 　 harmful　 longest　 frightened　 certainly　 维度二　语法与写作(每小题4分，共20分) 1．温泉的神奇之处在于温度越低，温泉就越热！ The amazing thing about the spring is that _____________________________ ___________________! 2．直到20世纪80年代末，它才作为一个旅游概念被广泛接受。 ________________________________________ until the late 1980s. 3．终于，我们到家了，又累又饿。 At last，we arrived home，_________________. the colder the temperature gets，the hotter the spring　 It was not widely accepted as a travel concept　 hungry and tired　 4．唱歌可以使人放松，帮助减轻压力。 ________________________，which can help reduce stress. 5．去北京的这次旅行真是妙极了。我从来没有经历过比这更有趣、更令人兴奋的旅行。 The tour to Beijing was fantastic. I ___________________________________ ________________. Singing songs is relaxing　 had never experienced a more interesting and exciting one　 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题1分，共7分) 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 Mary had lived in China for 1．_________(near) twenty years before she came here. I’ve planned to visit China next year. So I requested her to tell me the 2．_______(good) time to go there. Mary said to me，“The most 3．______________(comfort) time to visit China is either between March and May or between September and early November. During these months，the weather is particularly 4．__________(please) throughout the country，neither too hot nor too cold. ” nearly　 best　 comfortable　 pleasant　 I’m 5．____________(interest) in tasting all kinds of food all over the world. She told me Chinese food is delicious and what is even 6．________ (good) is that restaurants do not ask for or accept tips. Language can be a problem in China. Mary advised me to learn some 7．________(base) Chinese words and phrases in advance. interested　 better　 basic　 素能提升练 Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·四川达州阶段练习) Outside of Asia, Madagascar has the longest tradition of rice production, and this crop is grown in almost all districts of the country. For the Malagasy people, rice is an important part of their diet：many families eat it three times a day, and most of it is home-grown. In Madagascar, however, people earn less than $1.90 per day on average, and the Malagasy population is severely affected by food shortages. Domestic (国内的) production of rice, for example, still does not meet the needs of the island, and the country has to rely heavily on imported rice to help ensure the nation has enough food. Madagascar has set itself the goal of being rice self-sufficient. To work towards this, an FAO South-South Cooperation project began between China and Madagascar. Chinese experts on rice production came to Madagascar to provide training to farmers on how to grow and harvest a greater-yielding (更高产的) type of rice. The new kind of rice seeds is better suited to the Malagasy subtropical climate, which consists of a hot and rainy season between November and the end of March and a cooler dry season from May to October. This Weichu rice variety has been especially developed to fit the climatic and soil conditions of Madagascar. Across three areas of the island, 124 rice farmers took part in the project, working together with a Chinese expert team, to benefit from both theoretical and field training on rice production. To date, the harvest has yielded about 8.45 tonnes on average per hectare (公顷) compared to the 2.8 tonnes per hectare that was harvested before the project. Alain Randrianarivelo, who has farmed rice for more than 20 years, says，“I think this new variety of rice is the future of our agriculture. The yield obtained is breathtaking. ”All the other participating farmers think so, too. For Madagascar as a country, this new variety will allow it to be self-sufficient by considerably reducing the level of rice imports. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了马达加斯加国内的大米生产仍然不能满足该岛的需求，该国不得不严重依赖进口大米来帮助确保国家有足够的粮食，于是中国专家在马达加斯加主要教当地人如何种植一种新的水稻，帮助马达加斯加实现大米自给自足。 1．What did the Chinese experts mainly do in Madagascar? A．They made efforts to improve the land. B．They developed new rice seeds in poor soil. C．They introduced ways to earn a good living. D．They taught locals how to grow a new kind of rice. 细节理解题。根据第二段“To work towards this, an FAO South-South Cooperation project began between China and Madagascar. Chinese experts on rice production came to Madagascar to provide training to farmers on how to grow and harvest a greater-yielding (更高产的) type of rice. ”可知，中国专家在马达加斯加主要教当地人如何种植一种新的水稻。故选D。 √ 2．Why is the Weichu rice variety used in Madagascar? A．It meets the high demands of the Malagasy people. B．It suits the varying conditions there. C．It is the best rice variety worldwide. D．It can be grown twice a year there. 细节理解题。根据第三段“This Weichu rice variety has been especially developed to fit the climatic and soil conditions of Madagascar. ”可知，在马达加斯加使用威楚水稻品种是因为它适合那里不同的条件。故选B。 √ 3．What can be inferred about the 124 rice farmers in the project? A．They are far-sighted. B．They are pioneers in farming. C．They find the yield fairly satisfying. D．They doubt the advanced farming technique. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Alain Randrianarivelo, who has farmed rice for more than 20 years, says，‘I think this new variety of rice is the future of our agriculture. The yield obtained is breathtaking. ’All the other participating farmers think so, too. ”可推知，该项目的124名稻农认为该产量相当令人满意。故选C。 √ 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Doing experiments in Madagascar B．Increasing types of Madagascan rice C．Bringing Madagascar into the future D．Helping Madagascar become rice self-sufficient √ 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“For Madagascar as a country, this new variety will allow it to be self-sufficient by considerably reducing the level of rice imports. ”可知，文章主要说明了马达加斯加国内的大米生产仍然不能满足该岛的需求，该国不得不严重依赖进口大米来帮助确保国家有足够的粮食，于是中国专家在马达加斯加主要教当地人如何种植一种新的水稻，帮助马达加斯加实现大米自给自足。由此可知，D选项“帮助马达加斯加实现大米自给自足”适合作为文章的最佳标题。故选D。 B (2024·湖北阶段练习) Certain areas near the moon’s poles stay everlastingly in shadow, never receiving direct sunlight. Recent studies suggest these so-called permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) contain rich ice resource that could show details about the early solar system; they could also help future visitors make fuel and other resources. But these areas are hard to photograph from satellites moving around the moon and thus are a challenge to study. The few photos PSRs reflect are often flooded by camera noise and quantum effects (量子效应). Now researchers have produced a deep-learning algorithm (算法) to cut through the interruption and to see these dark zones. “Our images enable scientists to identify the features of craters and boulders (陨石坑和巨石)，” says Valentin Bickel, a planetary scientist at the Max Planck Institute of Solar System Research in Germany and lead author of a Nature Communications study testing the new algorithm. The researchers used more than 70,000 images of completely dark lunar areas—with no light signal—together with details about the camera’s temperature and position in orbit to train their algorithm to recognize and remove camera noise. Next they dealt with the rest noise through information learned from millions of sunlit lunar photos, together with copied versions of the same images in shadow. Ignacio Lopez-Francos, a study co-author and engineer at the NASA Ames Research Center, says using such man-made shadow was necessary because sunlit PSR images do not exist. A similar technique is also used in low-light digital camera photography. The researchers used their algorithm to analyze the size and number of craters and boulders in several PSRs that might be explored by NASA’s Artemis moon program. They also found the likely origins of some boulders and established a potential route for an astronaut through a PSR on the moon, avoiding obstacles and slopes steeper than 10 degrees. “It’s an interesting application of machine-learning technology, and the noise model seems realistic and useful for this real case，” says computer scientist Chongyi Li, who uses similar strategies to enhance underwater images at Singapore’s Nanyang Technological University and was not involved in the study. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种用于查看月球阴影部分的技术，解释了其工作原理以及人们对此的看法。 5．Why is exploring the PSRs a challenge? A．Because satellites are remote. B．Because the solar system is complex. C．Because the photos are often covered. D．Because the moon has abundant resources. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But these areas are hard to photograph from satellites moving around the moon and thus are a challenge to study. The few photos PSRs reflect are often flooded by camera noise and quantum effects (量子效应). ”可知，探索PSRs是一个挑战是因为照片经常被遮盖。故选C。 √ 6．How did the researchers train their algorithm? A．They trained it through photos and images. B．They trained it by cutting through the interruption. C．They trained it through numerous images of sunlit lunar areas. D．They trained it by using low-light digital camera photography. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The researchers used more than 70,000 images of completely dark lunar areas — with no light signal — together with details about the camera’s temperature and position in orbit to train their algorithm to recognize and remove camera noise. Next they dealt with the rest noise through information learned from millions of sunlit lunar photos, together with copied versions of the same images in shadow. ”可知，研究人员通过照片和图像来训练他们的算法。故选A。 7．What is Chongyi Li’s attitude to this algorithm? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Indifferent. D．Favorable. 观点态度题。根据最后一段中Chongyi Li所说的话“It’s an interesting application of machine-learning technology, and the noise model seems realistic and useful for this real case ”可知，Chongyi Li认为这个算法的应用是有用的。由此可知，他对这个算法是赞同的。故选D。 √ 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing this article? A．To appeal to us to explore lunar areas. B．To promote our understanding of moon. C．To introduce an application of technology. D．To describe the reasons of lunar shadow lands. 写作目的题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段中“Now researchers have produced a deep-learning algorithm (算法) to cut through the interruption and to see these dark zones. ”可知，文章主要介绍了一种用于查看月球阴影部分的技术，解释了其工作原理以及人们对此的看法。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种技术的应用。故选C。 √ Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2024·广东潮州期末) Today’s Wonder of the Day comes in all shapes and sizes. It can look like a beautiful landscape, a familiar skyline, or even outer space! It comes in boxes labeled with numbers — 300,500,1000, or even 2,500．What are we talking about? Jigsaw puzzles (拼图游戏), of course! Puzzles have been around since at least 1760．Today, though, the process of making jigsaw puzzles has changed quite a bit. 　1　 They used jigsaws to cut each piece out of wood or cardboard. Some specialty puzzle makers still do so today, but it’s far less common. Instead, most puzzles are mass-produced. How exactly are modern puzzles made? It starts with choosing the right picture. 　2　 The most popular puzzles are often full of details. After all, this makes them quite a bit more manageable — imagine working on a puzzle that is just one color or pattern! Once the image is chosen, it’s printed on special paper and pasted to cardboard. Then, they’re left to dry before going through the die cutter. 　3　 The design of the die cutter is unique to each puzzle and is often drawn by hand. Later, they go through a machine that separates them. 　4　. Of course, puzzles aren’t just for fun! They’re good for your brain. Experts say putting together a puzzle has the same effect as trying to solve a mystery. It can stimulate different brain areas. 　5　 It feels great to place that last piece in the right spot. Maybe that’s why puzzles seem to be a timeless source of entertainment. A．Working on a puzzle can also reduce stress. B．Decades ago, people made puzzles by hand. C．Finally, they’re boxed up and made ready for sale. D．Not every piece of beautiful artwork can make the cut. E．Puzzles offer an affordable way for people to have fun. F．No matter your preferences, there’s a puzzle out there for you. G．You can think of this as a cookie cutter that cuts the puzzle into pieces. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拼图的制作程序以及好处。 Today’s Wonder of the Day comes in all shapes and sizes. It can look like a beautiful landscape, a familiar skyline, or even outer space! It comes in boxes labeled with numbers — 300,500,1,000, or even 2,500．What are we talking about? Jigsaw puzzles (拼图游戏) , of course! Puzzles have been around since at least 1760．Today, though, the process of making jigsaw puzzles has changed quite a bit. _______________________ _____________________ They used jigsaws to cut each piece out of wood or cardboard. Some specialty puzzle makers still do so today, but it’s far less common. Instead, most puzzles are mass-produced. B．Decades ago, people made puzzles by hand. 根据上文“Puzzles have been around since at least 1760．Today, though, the process of making jigsaw puzzles has changed quite a bit. ”以及下文“They used jigsaws to cut each piece out of wood or cardboard. Some specialty puzzle makers still do so today, but it’s far less common. Instead, most puzzles are mass-produced. ”可知，下文提到这种做法如今已经不那么常见了，由此可知，本句是在说明以前制作拼图的方法，故B选项“几十年前，人们手工制作拼图。”符合语境，故选B。 How exactly are modern puzzles made? It starts with choosing the right picture. _________________________________________________ The most popular puzzles are often full of details. After all, this makes them quite a bit more manageable — imagine working on a puzzle that is just one color or pattern! D．Not every piece of beautiful artwork can make the cut.　 根据上文“How exactly are modern puzzles made? It starts with choosing the right picture. ”可知，本段介绍制作拼图的第一步：选择合适的图片。并根据the right picture可知，D项“并不是所有美丽的图片都能用来制作拼图。”符合语境。下文“The most popular puzzles are often full of details. After all, this makes them quite a bit more manageable — imagine working on a puzzle that is just one color or pattern！”具体解释了什么样的图片才合适。故选D。 Once the image is chosen, it’s printed on special paper and pasted to cardboard. Then, they’re left to dry before going through the die cutter. _______________________________________________________________ G．You can think of this as a cookie cutter that cuts the puzzle into pieces.　 根据上文“Once the image is chosen, it’s printed on special paper and pasted to cardboard. Then, they’re left to dry before going through the die cutter. ”可知，上文提到了模切机，上文cutter与G选项cutter呼应。故G选项“你可以把它想象成把拼图切成小块的饼干切割机。”符合语境，故选G。 The design of the die cutter is unique to each puzzle and is often drawn by hand. Later, they go through a machine that separates them. ______________________ ________________________________ C．Finally, they’re boxed up and made ready for sale. 根据上文“ Later, they go through a machine that separates them. ”中的Later和上文的Then可知，本句应是制作拼图的最后一步，故C选项“最后，它们被装箱准备出售。”符合语境，故选C。 Of course, puzzles aren’t just for fun! They’re good for your brain. Experts say putting together a puzzle has the same effect as trying to solve a mystery. It can stimulate different brain areas. ___________________________________ ________ It feels great to place that last piece in the right spot. Maybe that’s why puzzles seem to be a timeless source of entertainment. A．Working on a puzzle can also reduce stress. 根据上文“Of course, puzzles aren’t just for fun! They’re good for your brain. Experts say putting together a puzzle has the same effect as trying to solve a mystery. It can stimulate different brain areas. ”以及下文“It feels great to place that last piece in the right spot. Maybe that’s why puzzles seem to be a timeless source of entertainment. ”可知，本段主要是在说明拼图的好处，故A选项“拼图也可以减轻压力。”符合语境，故选A。 Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·安徽阶段练习) Today, the Braille writing system is the most well-known language system used by blind people all over the world to read and write. It was 　1　 by Louis Braille, a young blind child at the age of 12, to 　2　 the way blind people read books at the time. At age 10, Louis Braille got a(n) 　3　 provided by France’s National Institution of Blind Youth, where he took up piano. It was there that he first heard a(n) 　4　, given by a soldier, who told the children about a code (代码) his fellow soldiers used to communicate without 　5　, at night, in battle. Braille was very 　6　 and realized that the writing system could actually be adapted to a writing/reading system 　7　 to the blind. He set out and worked to 　8　 the soldier’s code. After two years of hard work, Braille 　9　. the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code. He continued to work on the system over time, 　10　 developing a machine with a friend that let blind people type in the regular alphabet. Braille published his system when he was 20．Despite the 　11　 from his fellow blind students, the system was refused by some 　12　 and school board members—they 　13　 that blind people might take away their jobs. Braille 　14　 as a teacher and musician, but his system didn’t spread beyond the institution. It was only after his death that the system caught attention and became the 　15　 way blind people read and write around the world. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了法国盲人Louis Braille在一次学校讲座中听到一位士兵讲述战斗中运用代码的故事，受此启发的他发明了“布莱叶盲文”。 1．A．ignored B．invented C．analyzed D．accepted 根据下文“Braille published his system when he was 20．”可知，盲文书写系统是由布莱叶发明的。故选B项。 √ 2．A．improve B．recommend C．stress D．advocate 根据下文“the way blind people read books at the time”以及“Braille was very ______ and realized that the writing system could actually be adapted to a writing/reading system ______ to the blind. ”可知，此处表示布莱叶发明盲文书写系统，目的在于改善当时盲人的阅读方式。故选A项。 √ 3．A．requirement B．introduction C．scholarship D．response 根据下文“provided by France’s National Institution of Blind Youth, where he took up piano”可知，布莱叶获得的是法国国家盲人青年研究所提供的奖学金，所以他可以在那里学习钢琴。故选C项。 √ 4．A．suggestion B．announcement C．lecture D．argument √ 根据下文“given by a soldier, who told the children about a code (代码) his fellow soldiers used to communicate without ______, at night, in battle”以及常识可知，此处表示一位士兵给孩子们做的讲座。故选C项。 5．A．thinking B．marking C．moving D．speaking 根据上文“who told the children about a code (代码) his fellow soldiers used to communicate without”以及常识可知，在晚上的战斗中，士兵和战友需要保持安静，所以此处表示他们进行交流时并没有说话。故选D项。 √ 6．A．tired B．upset C．confused D．interested 根据下文“He set out and worked to ______ the soldier’s code. ”可知，布莱叶对此非常感兴趣，开始研究士兵们的代码。故选D项。 √ 7．A．familiar B．beneficial C．fair D．safe √ 根据下文“He set out and worked to ______ the soldier’s code. ”可知，布莱叶开始研究士兵的代码，由此可知，此处表示布莱叶意识到书写系统可能对盲人有益处。故选B项。 8．A．perfect B．defend C．remove D．share 根据下文“After two years of hard work, Braille ______ the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code. He continued to work on the system over time”可知，布莱叶在努力完善士兵的代码，使其可以适合盲人。故选A项。 √ 9．A．figured out B．looked into C．carried on D．picked up 根据下文“the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code”可知，此处表示经过两年的努力之后，布莱叶算出了现在被人们熟悉的代码。故选A项。 √ 10．A．originally B．regularly C．eventually D．apparently 根据上文“After two years of hard work, Braille ______ the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code. He continued to work on the system over time”可知，经过努力，最终布莱叶与朋友研发了一台可以让盲人输入普通字母的机器。故选C项。 √ 11．A．decision B．comment C．praise D．doubt 根据下文“from his fellow blind students, the system was refused by some ______ and school board members—they ______ that blind people might take away their jobs”以及句中的Despite可知，此处表示尽管布莱叶的系统得到了盲人同学的赞扬，但却被一些学校董事会成员拒绝。故选C项。 √ 12．A．pianists B．interviewers C．soldiers D．instructors 根据下文“Braille ______ as a teacher and musician, but his system didn’t spread beyond the institution. ”可知，此处表示学校范围内的一些教员和学校董事会成员拒绝了布莱叶的系统。故选D项。 √ 13．A．hoped B．feared C．confirmed D．promised √ 根据下文“that blind people might take away their jobs”可知，此处说明教员和学校董事会成员拒绝的原因是他们担心盲人可能会抢走他们的工作。故选B项。 14．A．recovered B．succeeded C．struggled D．judged 根据下文“as a teacher and musician, but his system didn’t spread beyond the institution”可知，句子前后表示转折关系，此处表示布莱叶作为教师和音乐家是成功的。故选B项。 √ 15．A．common B．similar C．easy D．rare √ 根据下文“blind people read and write around the world”可知，此处表示布莱叶发明的系统成为了世界各地的盲人阅读和书写的常见的方式。故选A项。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$