UNIT 4 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（译林版2020）

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment ………………◎ ①astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的 ②landscape n．乡村风景画；风景，景色 ③network n．网络，网状系统；关系网，人际网；(互联)网络 ④route n．路线；路途；途径，渠道 ⑤extend vi.& vt.延伸(距离)；扩大……的范围；扩大；延长；伸展 　extensive adj.广阔的，广大的；广泛的 ⑥section n．部分；地区；部门；节，版，栏 ⑦corridor n．走廊，地带；通道 ⑧stretch vi.延伸；延续 vi.&vt.伸展；舒展 ⑨pursue vt.追求，致力于，执行；追逐 ⑩submit vt.& vi.提交，呈递；屈服 ⑪be famous as 以……而出名 ⑫emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头 ⑬assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定 ⑭emperor n．皇帝 ⑮ambassador n．大使，代表 ⑯seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求 ⑰effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 ⑱take shape 成形，有了模样 ⑲empire n．帝国 ⑳initial adj.最初的，开始的 n．首字母 thanks to 幸亏；由于 peak adj.高峰时期的，最高度的 n．顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端 　vi.达到高峰，达到最高值 string n．一批，一连串，一系列；线；弦 export n．出口；出口商品 vt.出口；输出；传播 wool n．毛织物；羊毛 cotton n．棉织物；棉，棉花 import n．进口；进口商品 vt.进口；输入；引进 vast adj.大量的，辽阔的，巨大的 in addition to 除……以外(还) serve as 当；起作用 evolution n．进化；演变，发展 cave n．山洞，洞穴 Buddhist adj.佛教的 n．佛教徒 contribute to 为……做出贡献；有助于；导致 expansion n．扩展，扩大，膨胀 initiative n．倡议，新方案；主动性 promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级 milestone n．重要阶段，里程碑 ◎……………… Following the Silk Road Covering vast distances and an astonishing① variety of landscapes②，the Silk Road was a network③ of ancient trade routes④ that extended⑤ from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean.【1】A key section⑥ of the extensive Silk Road network is the Chang’an­Tianshan Corridor⑦，which stretches⑧ over a distance of around 5，000 kilometres through China，Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan，covering a total of 8，700 kilometres of trade routes.【2】The three countries jointly pursued⑨ an application for UNESCO World Heritage status.They submitted⑩ the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.This made history in its own way as the first successful multinational World Heritage application—and it seems to be only the beginning of the road for the Silk Road，as other countries are also planning World Heritage applications for other sections of the network. 【1】本句为主从复合句。句中动词­ing形式Covering vast distances and an astonishing variety of landscapes作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词routes。 【2】本句为主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，动词­ing形式短语covering a total of 8，700 kilometres of trade routes作结果状语。 The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Road network is Chang’an (present­day Xi’an)，in Shaanxi Province of north­west China.It was famous as⑪ the capital of the Han and Tang Dynasties.Further west on the Silk Road，the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high，snow­capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the splendid Tianshan Mountains and emerge⑫ in the rolling valleys of Central Asia.Although the Chang’an­Tianshan Corridor ends here，the network continues westwards until it reaches the Mediterranean.【3】 【3】本句是主从复合句。句中although引导让步状语从句；until引导时间状语从句。 The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE．Assigned⑬ by the emperor⑭，the ambassador⑮ Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia，seeking⑯ to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.【4】Following Zhang’s efforts⑰，trade routes took shape⑱ and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time，with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire⑲.【5】 The network expanded gradually，playing an important role in world history between the 6th and 14th centuries，and remained in use until the 16th century. 【4】本句为简单句。句中过去分词短语Assigned by the emperor和动词­ing形式短语seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions均作状语。 【5】本句为and连接的并列句。动词­ing形式短语Following Zhang’s efforts作状语，with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire是“with复合结构”作状语。 At the initial⑳ stage of the Silk Road development，silk was the main item in the trade list thanks to its light weight and high value.At its peak，many other items were contributed to the marketplace of goods.The routes were alive with strings of camels carrying loads of goods and traders selling everything imaginable.China’s exports included silk，china and tea，while horses，wool，cottonand grapes were all imported over vast distances along the network.【6】 【6】本句中的while是并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示前后情况的对比。 In addition to trade exchange，the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science，art，technology and many other areas in societies along the network.【7】 Astronomy and mathematics were introduced to China from India and Arabia；in Gansu Province，the Mogao Caves，home to some of the finest examples of Buddhist art，reflected the eastward spread of Buddhism from India；important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were first brought to the West through the network. 【7】本句为主从复合句。句中which引导定语从句，修饰先行词cultural exchange，which在定语从句中作主语。 All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods，knowledge and ideas.These amazingly long routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations，which achieved a shared development.【8】 In the modern age，through the Belt and Road Initiative，the Silk Road is once again connecting the countries along the ancient trade routes and promoting the exchanges of different civilizations.The addition of the Chang’an­Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage. 【8】本句为主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代前面主句的整个内容。 沿着丝绸之路 丝绸之路跨越遥远的距离，覆盖各种景观，令人惊叹，是从东亚一路延伸至地中海地区的古代贸易路网。宽广的丝绸之路网络的一个关键部分是长安—天山廊道，该走廊横跨中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦，全长约5 000公里，共覆盖8 700公里的贸易路线。这三个国家联合致力于申报联合国教科文组织世界遗产。它们递交了提案，其中包括对廊道沿线33处遗址的详细研究。这以其自身的方式创造了历史，成为第一个成功的跨国世界遗产申请，而且这似乎只是丝绸之路的开始，因为其他国家也在计划为丝绸之路网络的其他部分申请世界遗产。 丝绸之路走廊和整个丝绸之路网络的起点是中国西北部陕西省的长安(今西安)。它是著名的汉唐王朝的都城。再往丝绸之路的西边走，随着路线穿过壮丽的天山，出现在中亚起伏的山谷中，其地貌逐渐从荒芜的沙漠变成高大的雪山，再变成广阔的草原。虽然长安—天山廊道在这里结束，但这一网络继续向西延伸，直到地中海。 丝绸之路在公元前2世纪开始发展。张骞奉皇帝之命从长安前往中亚，试图在汉朝和西域之间架起一座桥梁。在张骞的努力下，贸易路线成形了。随着路网一直延伸至罗马帝国，当时主要强国间的关系也得以加强。 该网络在6至14世纪之间逐渐扩大，在世界历史上发挥了重要作用，并一直使用到16世纪。 在丝绸之路发展的初期，丝绸因其重量轻、价值高而成为贸易清单上的主要商品。在其鼎盛时期，其他许多物品也被贡献到了商品市场。这条路线充满活力，成群结队的骆驼驮着货物，商贩们出售一切可以想象得到的东西。中国的出口产品包括丝绸、瓷器和茶叶，而马、羊毛、棉花和葡萄都是通过丝绸之路远距离进口的。 除了贸易交流之外，丝绸之路还充当了文化交流的桥梁，影响了其沿线社会中科学、艺术、技术和许多其他领域的发展。 天文学和数学是从印度和阿拉伯半岛传入中国的； 在甘肃省，莫高窟是一些佛教艺术最好的例子的所在地，反映了佛教从印度向东传播；造纸、印刷等重要的中国发明首先是通过丝绸之路传到西方的。 所有这些活动都催生了一个发展的大时代，因为贸易往来和文化交流使人们接触到了新商品、新知识和新观念。这些长得惊人的路线连接了东西方文明，实现了共同发展。近代以来，在“一带一路”倡议的推动下，丝绸之路又一次把古老的贸易之路连接起来，促进了不同文明的交流。将长安—天山廊道列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，是承认丝绸之路是人类共同遗产重要组成部分的里程碑。 一、整体理解 1．The text mainly tells us ________． A．the history of the the Silk Road B．a network of ancient trade routes—the Silk Road C．the development of the the Silk Road D．the significance of the the Silk Road 答案：　B 2．Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. (1)Para.1 A．The trade and cultural exchanges. (2)Para.2 B．The overall introduction of the Silk Road. (3)Para.3 C．The significance of the ancient Silk Road. (4)Paras.4－5 D．The history and the development of the Silk Road. (5)Para.6 E．The geography of the Silk Road. 答案：　(1)－(5)：BEDAC 二、细节理解 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Which of the following statements about Chang’an­Tianshan Corridor is WRONG? A．It passed through China，Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. B．Its total length is about 8，700 kilometers. C．It was the first successful multinational World Heritage. D．Its starting point is in today’s Xi’an. 2．The correct order of geographical changes along the Silk Road is________． A．wild deserts—snow­capped mountains—vast grasslands　 B．wild deserts—vast grasslands—snow­capped mountains　 C．snow­capped mountains—wild deserts—vast grasslands　 D．snow­capped mountains—vast grasslands—wild deserts　 3．The Silk Road did not promote________． A．the link between the major powers of that time B．goods trade between some countries C．cultural exchange between some countries D．military cooperation between some countries 答案：　1－3：BAD 三、难句解构 1．Although the Chang’an­Tianshan Corridor ends here，the network continues westwards until it reaches the Mediterranean. [句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。句中although引导让步状语从句；until引导时间状语从句。 [尝试翻译]　虽然长安—天山廊道在这里结束，但这一网络继续向西延伸，直到地中海。 2.The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE．Assigned by the emperor，the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia，seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. [句式分析]　本句为简单句。句中过去分词短语Assigned by the emperor和动词­ing形式短语seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions均作状语。 [尝试翻译]　丝绸之路在公元前2世纪开始发展。张骞奉皇帝之命从长安前往中亚，试图在汉朝和西域之间架起一座桥梁。 [核心单词] 1．pursue a goal　　　　　追求目标 2．a string of pearls 一串珍珠 3．a cotton shirt 棉布衬衫 4．the cave walls 洞壁 5．peace initiative 和平倡议 6．a huge milestone 一个巨大的里程碑 7．a valuable showcase 一个有价值的展示 8．go elsewhere 去其他地方 9．data entry 数据输入 10．legal fees 律师费 [拓展单词] 1．submit vt.&vi.提交，呈递；屈服→submission n．投降；提交(物)；服从 2．emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头→emergence n．出现，浮现；发生；露头 3．assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定→assignment n．分配；任务；作业 4．wool n．毛织物；羊毛→woollen adj.羊毛制的；毛纺织业的 5．expand vi.&vt.扩张；(使)膨胀；详述→expansion n．扩展，扩大，膨胀 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．一路上；自始至终　　 all_the_way 2．作为……而出名 be_famous_as 3．穿过……；通过…… pass_through 4．成形，有了模样 take_shape 5．在……起重要作用 play_an_important_role_in 6．由于，幸亏 thanks_to 第二组　英译汉 7．a total of 总共；总计 8．make history 创造历史 9．in addition to 除……之外(还) 10．serve as 担任……，充当……；起……的作用 11．contribute to 有助于；捐献；促成；投稿 12．in recognition of 承认，认可 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 　过去分词(短语)作状语 Assigned_by_the_emperor(受皇帝委派)，the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia，seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. 核心词汇精研 submit vt.& vi.提交，呈递；屈服 (教材P53)They submitted the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor. 他们递交了提案，其中包括对廊道沿线33处遗址的详细研究。 (1)submit...to...　把……递交给……； 把……呈递给…… submit to... 向……屈服；臣服于…… (2)submission n. 提交，呈递；臣 [佳句背诵]　It’s vital that you should submit your reports to your professor before the deadline. 在最后期限之前把报告交给教授是很重要的。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①It is necessary to fix a definite date for the submission(submit)of your paper. ②The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval. ③Under no circumstances should we submit ourselves(we)to any difficulty. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④你是否按时提交申请是有区别的。 It makes a difference whether_you_will_submit_your_application_on_time． emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头 (教材P53)Further west on the Silk Road，the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high，snow­capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the splendid Tianshan Mountains and emerge in the rolling valleys of Central Asia. 再往西走，在丝绸之路上，当线路穿过壮丽的天山，出现在中亚起伏的山谷中时，地理逐渐从荒芜的沙漠变成了高山雪山，变成了广阔的草原。 (1)emerge from　　　自……出现；从……显露出来 emerge from sth. (从困境或苦难经历中)幸存下来/摆脱出来 It has emerged that... 真相是……；事已清楚 (2)emergence n. 出现，浮现；发生；露 [佳句背诵]　She then emerged from the courthouse to thank her supporters. 于是她从法院大楼出来向支持者们表示感谢。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①He emerged from the trial with his reputation intact. ②Do not worry about changes；challenge new emergence(emerge). ③It has emerged that her past behaviour was far from irreproachable. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④正是历经生活中所有的起伏才使我们变得越来越坚强。 It’s emerging_from_all_the_ups_and_downs in life that makes us stronger and stronger. assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定 (教材P53)Assigned by the emperor，the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia，seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. 张骞奉皇帝之命从长安前往中亚，试图在汉朝和西域之间架起一座桥梁。 (1)assign sth.to sb./assign sb.sth.　给某人分配(某物)；分派，布置(工作、任务等) assign sb.to do sth. 分派某人做某事 (2)assignment n. 分配；任务；作业；功 [佳句背诵]　They volunteer to be assigned to teach in rural areas because they are eager to help develop rural education.他们自愿去农村教书，因为他们渴望帮助发展农村教育。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment(assign)at the office of a popular English newspaper. ②My first assignment as an amateur journalist was to interview a famous astronomer who was professional and had taken many admirable photographs. ◎能力提升——句型转换 ③In view of the different foundations of the students，the teacher assigned a different task to each of them. →In view of the different foundations of the students，the teacher assigned_each_of_them_a_ different_task． take shape 成形，有了模样 (教材P53－54)Following Zhang’s efforts，trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time，with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire.在张骞的努力下，贸易路线成形了。随着路网一直延伸至罗马帝国，当时主要强国间的关系也得以加强。 in shape　　　　健康状况好 out of shape 变形；身体不健康 in the shape of 以……的形式；呈……的形状 get into shape 强身健 [佳句背诵]　In 1912 women’s events were added，and the modern Olympic programme began to take shape. 1912年增加了女子项目，现代奥林匹克运动会开始初具雏形。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①A week before his fourth birthday，Jake announced that he wanted a cake in the shape of a fire truck. ②If you get a good night’s sleep，then it will keep your mind and your body in shape. ③You have been sitting on my cap.Now it is out of shape. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④对于那些想强身健体的人来说，攀岩是一种有趣又有效的方式。 For those who_want_to_get_into_shape，rock climbing is a fun and effective way. expansion n.扩展，扩大，膨胀 (教材P54)All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods，knowledge and ideas. 所有这些活动都催生了一个发展的大时代，因为贸易往来和文化交流使人们接触到了新商品、新知识和新观念。 expand v.　　 扩大，扩充；膨胀；详述 expand into 扩展成为…… expand on/upon 详 [佳句背诵]　The book is an expansion of a series of lectures given last year. 这本书是去年举行的系列讲座的扩充。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①We need additional support to strengthen and expand into new areas. ②The president used today’s speech to expand on/upon remarks he made last month. ③Among the key factors behind this growth were increased agricultural productivity and an expansion(expand)of trade. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④展望未来，我们希望拓展其中几家海外分公司的业务。 Looking forward，we hope_to_expand_our_operations in several of our overseas branches. ban vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n.禁令 (教材P55)The introduction of non­native species is banned.禁止引进非本地物种。 (1)ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 (2)put/place a ban on/against... 下令禁止…… announce a ban on 宣布对……的禁令 [佳句背诵]　There should be a ban on/against talking and eating loudly in cinemas. 电影院里应禁止大声喧哗和大声地吃东西。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①He was banned from attending the meeting. ②She’s been banned from leaving (leave)Greece while the allegations are investigated. ③Chemical weapons are_banned (ban)internationally. ④There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤这本书应该被禁止，因为它的内容不适合学生。 The_book_should_be_banned because its contents are not appropriate for the students. 重点句型解构 句型公式：过去分词(短语)作状语 (教材P53)Assigned by the emperor，the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia，seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. 受皇帝委派，大使张骞从长安来到中亚，寻求建立汉朝和西域之间的桥梁。 (1)作状语的过去分词具有副词的特性，一般用于修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即谓语所表示的动作发生时的背景状况。 ①过去分词作时间状语时，可转换为when，while或after等引导的时间状语从句。 ②过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。 ③过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since，because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子前半部分。 ④过去分词作让步状语时，可转换为although，though或even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。 ⑤过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。 (2)过去分词作状语时在句中的位置。 过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末 [佳句背诵]　The young man was busy preparing his paper，locked in his father’s study all day long. 被锁在父亲的书房一整天，这个年轻人在忙于准备论文。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Seen (see)from the hill，the city looks magnificent. ②Greatly frightened(frighten)，the man ran into a back room. ◎能力提升——句型转换 ③After she was accused of stealing the mobile phone in the office，she found that all her friends deserted her. →After_being_accused_of_stealing_the_mobile_phone_in_the_office，she found that all her friends deserted her. ④When you are given a medical examination，you should keep calm. →Given_a_medical_examination，you should keep calm. 维度一　单词拼写 1．There have been some impressive entries (参赛作品)in the wildlife photography section. 2．Thirdly，China is a state that pursues(致力于)cooperation with other countries and lives in harmony with them. 3．The rapid expansion (扩张)of cities can cause social and economic problems constantly，such as pollution and traffic problems. 4．Explorers even need to wear special masks to preserve themselves from the gases in these caves(山洞). 5．It’s visible that Chinese are living rather well，in comparison with people elsewhere (在别处)in the world. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．The emergence (emerge)of the social web is simply our online world catching up with our offline world. 2．Thanks to your help，we accomplished the task ahead of schedule. 3．She was fined $300 and banned from driving (drive)for one month. 4．So，once again，thank you for being such an excellent host，and I look forward to the expanded (expand)discussion. 5．Now we need to decide how we’re going to do this assignment (assign). 维度三　完成句子 1．他们绝不会在这场冲突中向暴力屈服。 By no means would they submit_(themselves)to_the_violence in this conflict. 2．如果给予更多的关注，这棵树会长得更好。 Given_more_attention，the tree can grow better.(过去分词作状语) 3．我五岁生日时，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。 For my fifth birthday，my mother baked me a cake in_the_shape_of_a_monkey． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$