UNIT 1 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（译林版2020）

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment ………………◎ ①goat n．山羊 ②resolution n．决心，决定；决议；解决 make a resolution下决心 ③set off 出发；引起；动身；使爆炸 ④grain n．细粒，颗粒；谷物 grains of sand 沙粒；砂粒 ⑤dune n．沙丘 ⑥beat down (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 ⑦at the same time 同时 ⑧contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．差异，差别；对照物 contrast with和……对照；与……相对比 ⑨ray n．光线，射线 rays of sunlight缕缕阳光 ⑩camel n．骆驼 ⑪ chew vi.&vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 ⑫with interest有兴趣地 ⑬starve vi.&vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 ⑭barbecue n．烤架；户外烧烤 ⑮departure n．离开，起程 ⑯be stuck in 陷入(困境等) ⑰mud n．泥，淤泥 ⑱border n．国界，边界 vi.&vt.(与……)接壤 ⑲parking n．停车；停车位 ⑳hut n．(简陋的)小屋，棚屋 brick n．砖块；积木 dot vt.遍布；使布满，点缀；加点 n．点 in the distance 在远处 flap vi.&vt.拍打，摆动；振(翅) ham n．火腿，火腿肉 sausage n．香肠，腊肠 bunch n．串，束；大量 a bunch of 一群；一束；一堆 fetch vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 think to oneself 心中想；盘算；自思自忖 intently adv.热切地，专注地 ◎……………… An adventure in Africa 30 June，Morocco My parents and I had just driven down the narrow mountain road from Marrakesh，with all its sharp bends，and had finally arrived at Merzouga.Before us stretched the unending sand dunes that marked the beginning of the Sahara.A small boy walked past with a group of noisy goats① as I took a long look at the yellow roadside sign that told us we were entering a “fragile natural environment”．【1】 I made a resolution② to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here.We set off③，our vehicle quietly running over the sand and small stones.It wasn’t long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides.【2】The wind was blowing grains of sand④ from the tops of the dunes⑤，the sun was beating down⑥ hard and bright，and the sky was a deep shade of blue that I had never seen before．【3】 The wild beauty of the desert was about to reveal itself.There was not a plant to be seen.The desert appeared completely empty，which was calming and threatening at the same time⑦. 【4】The colours of the dunes contrasted⑧ strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 【1】本句为主从复合句。as引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词sign。 【2】本句中before引导时间状语从句；towering above us on all sides为动词­ing形式短语作后置定语。 【3】本句中第二个and连接三个并列句，第三个并列句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词shade。 【4】本句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词desert。 Eventually，as the last rays of sunlight⑨ were falling on the sand，we arrived at our desert camp．【5】Stars were already shining brightly in the darkening sky and it was getting cold with the approach of the night.Three camels⑩，slowly chewing⑪，were resting on their knees and watching our arrival with interest⑫.“So，which one of you lucky animals will be my ride tomorrow？” I said out loud as I grabbed my bag and headed towards the warm campfire.I was starving⑬ and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue⑭. 3 July，Kenya A few days after our departure⑮ from the camp，our car was well and truly stuck in⑯ the mud⑰.We were very near to our rest camp in Amboseli National Park located on the border⑱ of Kenya when my father，against my mother’s advice，decided to drive through a large pool of water that stretched across the dirt road.Two tall slim local people were standing by the roadside watching us with amusement.【6】 They must have realized that we were totally helpless，for after a few moments，they wandered over and pushed us free．【7】My father smiled weakly and we drove on as my mother and I waved from the car window. 【6】本句中watching us with amusement为动词­ing形式短语作伴随状语。 【7】本句中that引导宾语从句，作realized的宾语。 We found a parking⑲ space next to our hut⑳，which was round and made from brick.【8】The walls，painted brilliant white，reflected the afternoon sun.There were five similar huts，all lined up facing Mount Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.The mountain rose up over the plains before us.Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains，which were alive with the African wildlife we had come to see.Giraffes，with their long necks，were pulling leaves from the highest branches.In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains.I had never seen anything like this before.It was indeed the greatest show on the Earth. 【8】本句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 hut。 We got out of the car，carrying our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut.I placed ham sandwiches，sausages and a bunch of bananas on a small wooden table.I returned to the car and fetched more possessions.It was then that I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana．【9】 “So cute，” I thought to myself，until I realized it was my banana that he was eating! He was looking at me intently as he enjoyed the final mouthful．【10】I was sure he was saying，“Thank you.” “You’re welcome，” I replied. 【9】本句为强调句型。 【10】本句中as引导时间状语从句。 非洲历险 6月30日，摩洛哥 我和父母从马拉喀什出发，沿着一条弯弯曲曲的狭窄山路行驶，最终到达了梅尔祖卡。在我们面前绵延不绝的沙丘标志着撒哈拉沙漠的开始。我正盯着路边的黄色标志长时间地看着，这个标志告诉我们，我们正在进入一个“脆弱的自然环境”，这时一个小男孩和一群吵闹的山羊从我身边走过。当我在这里的时候，我下定决心要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。我们出发了，我们的车在沙地和小石头上静静地行驶着。很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。风吹动着沙丘顶上的沙粒，阳光猛烈而耀眼地照射着，天空是我以前从未见过的深蓝色。沙漠的野性之美即将展现出来，一棵植物也看不见。沙漠看上去空荡荡的，让人平静的同时也充满了威胁。沙丘的颜色与无云的蓝色天空形成鲜明的对比。 最后，当最后一缕阳光洒在沙滩上时，我们到达了我们的沙漠营地。星星已经在黑暗的天空中闪耀，随着夜幕的降临，天气越来越冷。三只骆驼跪在地上慢慢地咀嚼着，饶有兴趣地看着我们的到来。“你们哪个幸运小动物明天会成为我的坐骑？”我大声说着，抓起我的包朝温暖的营火走去。我饿极了，赶紧把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 7月3日，肯尼亚 离开营地几天后，我们的车完全陷进了泥里。我们离安博塞利国家公园的休息营地非常近，这个公园位于肯尼亚的边界处，当时父亲不听母亲的劝告，决定开车穿过一个横跨土路的大水塘。两个又高又瘦的当地人站在路边，饶有兴趣地看着我们。他们一定已经意识到我们是完全无助的，因为过了一会儿，他们走过来帮我们推了出来。父亲不好意思地笑了笑，我们继续开车前行，我和母亲从车窗向他们挥手。 我们在小屋旁边找到了一个停车位，小屋是圆形的，用砖砌成。墙壁漆成明亮的白色，反射着午后的阳光。有五间类似的小屋，都排成一排，面向非洲的最高山脉——乞力马扎罗山。这座山在我们面前的平原上拔地而起。高大的草和树木点缀着平原，平原上充满了我们前来观赏的非洲野生动物。长颈鹿们正用它们长长的脖子从最高的树枝上拔树叶。远处，大象正在吃草，懒洋洋地拍打着耳朵，慢慢地在平原上移动。我以前从没见过这样的场景。这的确是地球上最伟大的表演。 我们下了车，提着箱子和一盒盒食物进了小屋。我把火腿三明治、香肠和一串香蕉放在一张小木桌上。我回到车上，又拿了些物品。就在这时，我注意到一只灰色的小猴子坐在几米开外的树上吃香蕉。我心想，“真可爱，”直到我意识到他吃的是我的香蕉！他专注地看着我，享受着最后一口。我确信他在说：“谢谢。”“不客气。”我回答道。 一、整体理解 1．The text mainly tells us that ________． A．the unique and beautiful landscape of Africa B．the friendly people and diverse wildlife of Africa C．the author’s travel journal to Africa with his parents　 D．the author’s travel stories to Africa with his parents 答案：　C 2．Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks. 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What made the author realize he entered the Sahara? A．The sharp bends. B．The roadside sign. C．The noisy goats. D．The narrow mountain road. 2．What does the word “strikingly”in the sentence “The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky.” probably mean? A．Differently.　　　　　 B．Remarkably. C．Similarly. D．Surprisingly. 3．Which word can best describe the two local people in Kenya? A．Helpful. B．Generous. C．Brave. D．Devoted. 4．What impressed the author most while travelling in Kenya? A．Amboseli National Park. B．Mount Kilimanjaro. C．Animals on the plains. D．The beautiful scenery of the desert. 5．Which of the following is true according to the text? A．Morocco lies to the south of the Sahara. B．Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in the world. C．The trip to Africa for the author was smooth and worthwhile. D．Temperatures vary differently during the day and night in the Sahara. 答案：　1－5：BBACD 三、难句解构 1．A small boy walked past with a group of noisy goats as I took a long look at the yellow roadside sign that told us we were entering a “fragile natural environment”． [句式分析]　句中as引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词sign。其中we were entering a “fragile natural environment”为宾语从句，前面省略连接词that。 [尝试翻译]　一个小男孩和一群吵闹的山羊从我身边走过，我盯着路边的黄色指示牌看了很久，这个标志告诉我们，我们正在进入一个“脆弱的自然环境”。 2.We were very near to our rest camp in Amboseli National Park located on the border of Kenya when my father，against my mother’s advice，decided to drive through a large pool of water that stretched across the dirt road. [句式分析]　句中when引导时间状语从句，其中that引导定语从句。 [尝试翻译]　我们离位于肯尼亚边界的安博塞利国家公园的休息营地非常近，当时父亲不听母亲的劝告，决定开车穿过一个横跨土路的大水池。 [核心单词] 1．contrast their work records　 对比他们的工作记录 2．chew your food 将食物嚼碎 3．after his departure 他离开之后 4．a parking_place 一个停车位 5．a bunch of flowers 一束花 6．to fetch a doctor 去请医生 7．a ten­mile hike 一次十英里徒步旅行 8．an awesome sight 惊人的奇观 9．liquid state 液态 10．the polar ice caps 极地冰盖 [拓展单词] 1．resolve vi.&vt.解决；决心；决定；溶解→resolution n．决心，决定；决议；解决 2．starve vi.&vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿→starvation n．饿死；挨饿 3．depart vi.离开；出发，起程→departure n．离开，起程 4．mud n．泥，淤泥→muddy adj.泥泞的；模糊的 5._possess vt.占有；具有→possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 6．intent adj.专心的；急切的；坚决的→intently adv.热切地，专注地 7．pole n．杆；极点→polar adj.极地的；完全相反的 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．(阳光)强烈照射，曝晒　　　　beat_down 2．出发；引起；动身；使爆炸 _set_off 3．被包围 be_surrounded_by 4．同时 at_the_same_time 5．和……对照；和……相对比 contrast...with... 第二组　英译汉 6．with the approach of 随着……的来临 7．with interest 有兴趣地 8．be stuck in 陷入(困境等) 9．be alive with 充满 10．in the distance 在远处 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．It is/was not long before...“不久，就……” It_wasn’t_long_before(没过多久) we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides. 2．as引导时间状语从句 Eventually，as_the_last_rays_of_sunlight_were_falling_on_the_sand(当最后一缕阳光洒在沙滩上时)，we arrived at our desert camp. 3．独立主格结构 In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears_flapping_lazily (耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着)as they moved slowly over the plains. 核心词汇精研 resolution n. 决心，决定；决议；解决 (教材P11)I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. 在这里的时候，我下定决心要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。 (1)make a resolution to do sth. 　决定做某事 (2)resolve vt. 解决；决定，决心 resolve to do sth. 决定/决心做某事 resolve that... 决定/决心… [佳句背诵]　She made a resolution to overcome the scientific problem to win honor for her motherland. 她下定决心攻克这一科学难题为国争光。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①He replied that the UN had passed two major resolutions(resolve) calling for a complete withdrawal. ②Both sides met in order to try to_resolve (resolve)their differences. ③She resolved to_report (report) the matter to the hospital’s nursing manager. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④她决定要多走亲戚，加强彼此之间的联系。 She made_a_resolution/resolved_to_visit_her_relatives more often to strengthen her ties with them. contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．差异，差别；对照物 (教材P11)The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 沙丘的颜色与无云天空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。 (1)contrast...with...　使……与……形成对比/对照 contrast with 与……形成对照 (2)by/in contrast 相比之下 in contrast with/to 与……形成对 [佳句背诵]　His actions contrasted sharply with his promises. 他的行动与他的承诺形成了鲜明的对比。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①She contrasted the situation then with the present crisis. ②The coastal areas have mild winters，but by/in contrast the central plains become extremely cold. ③In contrast with/to your belief that we will fail，I am confident that we will succeed. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④大多数人工作是因为这是不可避免的。相反，有些人真正喜欢工作。 Most people work because it’s unavoidable.By/In_contrast，there are some people who actually enjoy work. starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 (教材P11)I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. 我饿了，急忙把牛排放在烤肉架上。 (1)starve to death　　　饿死 (2)starved adj. 挨饿的 be starved of 渴望/急需/缺少…… (3)starvation n. 饥饿，饿 [佳句背诵]　It is shameful to spend so much on food when millions are starving. 当数百万人忍饥挨饿时，在饮食上花这么多钱是可耻的。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①These people will starve to death unless they receive help soon. ②The frontier station was starved of food and water. ③Millions will face starvation(starve) next year as a result of the drought. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们能够通过一个新窗口看世界。 I_am_starving_to_study_English_well，because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window. [语境串记]　While the poor man was starving to death and was starved of food，he refused to give in to the rich man because he believed that dignity mattered more than starvation. 虽然那个穷人快要饿死了，渴望食物，但他拒绝向富人屈服，因为他相信尊严比饥饿更重要。 possession n.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 (教材P12)I returned to the car and fetched more possessions. 我回到车上，又拿了些物品。 (1)in possession of　　拥有，占有 in the possession of＝in one’s possession 为……所占有 have/ take possession of 占有；拥有(指买来或从别人那里拿来) (2)possess vt. 拥有；具有 be possessed of sth. 具有某种品质(或特征 [佳句背诵]　Does the young man standing there have possession of the company? 站在那儿的那个年轻人拥有这家公司吗？ ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The possession (possess) of a passport is essential for foreign travel. ②I didn’t have a copy of the document in my possession. ③Kate is a woman who possesses (possess) a rare intelligence. ◎能力提升——一句多译 我掌握了一些在我看来你会感兴趣的消息。 ④I take/have_possession_of some information that I think will interest you. ⑤I am_in_possession_of some information that I think will interest you. ⑥Some information that I think will interest you is in_the_possession_of me. [名师点津]　in possession of 表主动；in the possession of表被动。类似用法的短语还有：in charge of (负责，掌管)；in the charge of (被……所掌管) 重点句型解构 句型公式：It is/was not long before... “不久，就……” (教材P11)It wasn’t long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides. 很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。 before常用以下句型： (1)强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已经发生，意为“还没来得及……就……”。 (2)在特定的情景中，意为 “趁着……”。 (3)It＋be＋时间段＋before从句，意为 “……之后才……”。 (4)It＋be＋not＋时间段＋before从句，意为 “……不久就……” [佳句背诵]　It was not long before the news was widely circulated. 这个消息不久就传开了。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Before he knew it，the piece of meat had fallen into the water. ②It won’t be long before we meet again. ◎能力提升——微写作 ③我们需要很长的时间才能把这部词典编译完。 It_will_be_a_long_time_before we finish this dictionary. ④不久他就意识到他处境的危险。 It_was_not_long_before he sensed the danger of the position. 句型公式：独立主格结构 (教材P12)In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains.远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。 常见的独立主格结构还有以下形式： (1)名词(代词)＋过去分词； (2)名词(代词)＋动词不定式； (3)名词(代词)＋形容词； (4)名词(代词)＋副词； (5)名词(代词)＋名词； (6)名词(代词)＋介词短语 [佳句背诵]　Night enshrouding the earth，nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.黑夜笼罩着大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The workers worked still harder，their living conditions greatly improved(improve). ②Many trees，flowers，and grass to_be_planted(plant)，our newly­built school will look even more beautiful. ◎能力提升——句型转换 ③If the condition is favourable，he may succeed in the project. →The_condition_being_favourable，he may succeed in the project. ④Almost all metals are good conductors and silver is the best of all. →Almost all metals are good conductors，silver_being_the_best_of_all． 维度一　单词拼写 1．I was frightened by the approach of the group of goats(山羊) in the desert. 2．Contrasting(对比) the two vases，I wanted to know the differences between them. 3．With the weak ray (光线)in the hut，the boy hid himself under the bed. 4．Don’t touch the unknown liquid(液体) on the desk. 5．My niece desired to hike(远足) to the distant valley for the glacier. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．The gang was caught in possession(possess)of stolen goods. 2．The proposal has been embodied in a draft resolution(resolve). 3．In contrast with its surface fleet，Britain’s submarine force was relatively small. 维度三　完成句子 1．在远处，一只骆驼正在慢悠悠地走向边界线。 In_the_distance，a camel was walking slowly toward the border. 2．不久我就找到了另一份薪水不错的工作。 It_wasn’t_long_before I found another well­paid job. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$