UNIT 2 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking 课时测评-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版2019）

课时测评5　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension (时间：45分钟　满分：52.5分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共40分) A (2024·广东省清远市高二期末) In recent years，there has been great progress in the study of genetics.With this progress，doors have been opened up to technologies that never existed before.While many people are excited about these new technologies，these same technologies frighten others.Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) (转基因的) food. There are two ways in which a plant or an animal can be genetically modified.First，new material can be inserted into its DNA to give the plant or animal qualities which it would never have in nature.Second，material can be taken from the DNA of a plant or an animal in order to remove qualities which are not desired. One aim of GM research is to produce food which will make us healthier.So far，this technology has been used to produce plants which are better able to defend themselves against pests and disease.Supporters of GM food argue that GM plants are healthier and have larger harvests.While there has been research in GM animals such as pigs，no GM meat is being sold at present. Many questions have been raised about GM food.No one really knows whether it is safe for animals or humans to eat.Scientists admit that more tests should be done on GM food.Research has been limited to increasing production profits，rather than making sure that GM food is safe.GM food could therefore be dangerous to eat. There is also a question as to whether GM plants are safe for the environment.Since GM crops are planted outside，they are part of the food chain—insects and other animals eat them or use their products，and these insects and animals will be eaten by other animals.No one knows what effects the GM material might have on the food chain. Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe，many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM food，as they would rather be cautious with this new technology. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕关键词转基因食品(GM food)展开，介绍了转基因的两种方式、转基因研究的意图以及社会各方面对转基因的担忧。 1．How does the author introduce the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By giving examples. B．By giving definition. C．By listing numbers. D．By making comparison. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) (转基因的) food.”可知，指示代词this指代上文“While many people...frighten others.”。由此可推知，第一段是通过作比较的方式引入话题的。故选D。 2．What is the purpose of GM research? A．To make healthier food. B．To produce enough meat. C．To produce stronger plants. D．To make people disease­free. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，转基因研究的目的是生产出有益于身体健康的食品。故选A。 3．What attitude do the governments hold to GM food in the last paragraph? A．Negative. B．Supportive. C．Cautious. D．Indifferent. 答案：C 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“Since no one...with this new technology.”可推知，很多国家对转基因食品持谨慎态度。故选C。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．GM food：hope or danger? B．GM research：safe or not? C．GM food：stop or continue? D．GM research：right or wrong? 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) (转基因的) food.”中关键词GM food可知，文章的话题是GM food，介绍了转基因的两种方式、转基因研究的意图以及社会各方面对转基因的担忧。由此可知，A项“转基因食品：希望还是危险？”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。 B (2024·湖北省宜昌市高二检测) Smoking is even a tradition in Chinese celebrations.At my wedding，we handed out the traditional candies to people who came.I had said to my wife，Ellen，that handing out packets of cigarettes was wrong，as it just encouraged people to continue a deadly habit.“But it's traditional，” she replied.“People would think we were mean if we don't！” Over the years I've been given cigarettes as gifts and have always handed them straight back.This might make me look ungrateful in Chinese eyes，but I can't understand the logic behind handing someone a gift that will cause them to smell terrible，have awful breath，and even worse，kill them. This year the university I work at has taken the bold step of making the entire campus “smoke free”．As my students are either doctors doing postgraduates studies，or medical students on their way to being doctors，I thought they would be in favor of such a move，but I was wrong.Many of them have complained to me that they see this as depriving them of their civil rights and that they should be allowed to smoke when and where they like. When I pointed out to them that cigarettes do harm not only to those smoking themselves，but even to those breathing in second­hand smoke，the argument was dismissed with a wave.“Those studies aren't conclusive，”one doctor replied.“Besides，my grandmother told me that smoking is manly.” Tempting(诱人的) as it was to ask if she was also a doctor，I let the argument go and went off in search of some fresh air. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者自己对于吸烟及把香烟作为礼物送给别人的看法，并介绍了作者在他们学校发起的一个“无烟”校园运动。 5．Which of the following is a consequence of smoking according to the author? A．It will leave you breathless. B．People believe you are mean. C．People think you are ungrateful. D．It will make your smell unpleasant. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“but I can't understand...kill them”可知，作者认为吸烟会使人散发难闻气味是吸烟带来的一个后果。故选D项。 6．What attitude do many of the author's students have towards the entire campus “smoke free”？ A．Objective. B．Unconcerned. C．Negative. D．Positive. 答案：C 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段“As my students...where they like.”可知，作者的学生们对他这一做法持否定的态度。故选C项。 7．What does the underlined word “depriving” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Robbing. B．Accusing. C．Informing. D．Reminding. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“This year...complained to me...”及下文“that they should be allowed to smoke when and where they like”可知，这些学生认为他们应该被允许随意吸烟，所以他们会认为作者的做法是对他们权利的剥夺，由此可知，画线词的意思和rob意思相近。故选A项。 8．In which column of a newspaper is this text probably found? A．Technology. B．Entertainment. C．Art. D．Life. 答案：D 解析：文章出处题。根据第一段“Smoking is even a tradition...if we don't！”并结合全文可知，本文从作者的生活及工作中的吸烟问题阐述事实及自己的观点。由此可知，本文最有可能出现在报纸上的生活栏目。故选D项。 C (2024·河南省中原名校月考) Not long ago，people could only buy organic food in small shops.Today it is common in most major supermarkets.The reason for the increase is that more and more people are demanding food grown without chemicals.Since the 1990s，organic farm production has gone up continuously.This pattern is expected to continue around the globe. Australia leads the world in land used for organic agriculture.It has four times as much land devoted to organic farming as all of Asia.However，most of the land is not very fertile，and it only produces a modest amount of food.Argentina is a distant second，followed by Brazil，the United States and China.In Africa，only a very small amount of land is registered for organic farming.That does not mean Africa relies on chemicals.In fact，many farmers do not use chemicals because they cannot afford them.Yet there are no programmes for these farmers to prove they do not use chemicals.Without these programmes their food can never be approved organic. India has had the most dramatic recent increase in organic farming.Like many other countries，India sees continual growth in organic food sales around the world.This，of course，leads to growth in profits.Sales of organic food were more than doubled from 2000 to 2005.Like India，many countries are trying to increase commercial organic farming to get a share of the sales.This has led to criticism.Some people believe that organic farming should not just be about making money.They think the goal is to help the environment.Others say organic farming will not continue if it is not profitable.They say that people should be able to make money while providing healthy food for mankind. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有机食品有益于地球和人类，所以人们想增加有机耕作，目前世界各地都在提倡有机种植。 9．What is the text mainly about? A．Organic food has become much more common. B．People do not want to eat food with chemicals in it. C．Organic farming is growing around the world. D．Countries all want to make money from organic farming. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了有机食品有益于地球和人类，所以人们想增加有机耕作，同时本文举例说明了有机农业在全球的快速发展。故选C项。 10．Why do people want to increase organic farming? A．More and more people demand chemicals to grow food. B．Profits from organic farming help make approval programmes. C．There are fewer chemicals available to the human beings. D．Organic food is good for Earth and the human beings. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“The reason for the increase...food grown without chemicals.”可知，有机食品在种植的时候没有使用化学品，受到了越来越多人的喜欢。由此可推知，人们想发展有机农业的原因是有机食品不破坏环境，且对人的身体健康有好处。故选D项。 11．From the text，it can be said that________． A．India uses the least land to organic farming B．the US is the fourth largest organic farming country　 C．Brazil uses less land to organic farming than China D.China and India have the same amount of organic farmland 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Australia leads...a distant second，followed by Brazil，the United States and China.”可知，澳大利亚拥有世界上最多的有机农田，阿根廷、巴西、美国和中国紧随其后，即美国是第四大有机农业国家。故选B项。 12．It can be inferred from the text that________． A．people who eat food with chemicals have shorter lifespan B．India will soon become the largest country of growing organic food C．more countries will farm organically as the environment gets worse D．there will be fewer organic farms if the demand for organic food goes down 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“The reason for the increase...food grown without chemicals.”以及最后一段中“India has had the most dramatic...leads to growth in profits.”和“Others say...not profitable.”可知，因为人们对有机食品的需求不断增加，所以有机食品热销，由此促进了有机农业的迅速发展。由此可推知，如果有机农业没有利润，以及人们对有机食品的需求量下降了，有机农业的规模也会随之变小，即如果对有机食品的需求下降，有机农场就会减少。故选D项。 D (2024·北京延庆高二期末) We've heard for years that breakfast is the most important meal of the day.But，it actually might be even more important than previously thought，according to a study published in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics，which examined the effects of skipping meals and meal frequency as related to mortality (死亡率) and heart health. The study，which was published in August of last year，sought to find out if eating behaviors like meal frequency，meal skipping，and time between meals were associated with all­cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The study consisted of 24，011 adults 40 years or older who participated from 1999 to 2014.Researchers looked at various eating behaviors of participants who self­reported their eating habits every 24 hours.Causes of death were tracked via death records through December 31，2015. After examining participants throughout the years，researchers found that certain eating behaviors were in fact linked to higher rates of premature death.Eating only one meal per day was associated with an increased risk of all­cause and CVD mortality while skipping breakfast was linked to an increased risk of CVD mortality，and skipping lunch or dinner was linked to an increased risk of all­cause mortality.Lastly，the study found that having meals too closely together (less than four and half hours apart) was also linked to all­cause premature death. So what does this mean for the average person? “At the end of the day what matters is that an individual can meet their nutritional needs for optimal (最佳的) health，” explains Keri Gans，author of The Small Change Diet，“and breakfast typically is a good vehicle for nutrients associated with a decrease in cardiovascular risk，such as fiber and vitamins.”“If by eliminating meals they are missing out on important nutrients their body needs，then long term that can be harmful to their health，leads to a higher risk for certain cancers and heart disease，” she says. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。多年来，我们听说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。根据发表在《营养与饮食学会杂志》上的一项研究，它实际上可能比之前想象的更重要。 13．What are mainly discussed in Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Research process and findings. B．The cause and findings. C．Research subjects and purpose. D．The topic and significance. 答案：A 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段讲述了研究过程；根据第四段内容可知，本段讲述了研究发现，由此可知，第三、四段讲述了研究过程和发现。故选A。 14．What does the underlined word “eliminating” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Reducing. B．Overeating. C．Skipping. D．Consuming. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文“breakfast typically...such as fiber and vitamins”和下文“they are missing...and heart disease”可推知，早餐提供纤维和维生素，降低患心血管疾病的风险，下文说到错过了身体所需的重要物质，会导致患癌症和心脏病的风险增高，由此可推知，画线词与C项“不做(应做的事等)”意思相近。故选C。 15．What can we infer from the study? A．Its limitations are fully taken into account in the study. B．Consuming adequate nutrients is the key to maintain overall health. C．The risk of all­cause premature death is unrelated to skipping dinner. D．Researchers learned about eating behaviors by observing the participants. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的“At the end of the day...explains Keri Gans”可推知，摄入足够的营养是保持整体健康的关键。故选B。 16．What is the author's attitude towards skipping breakfast? A．Favorable. B．Unconcerned. C．Skeptical. D．Disapproving. 答案：D 解析：观点态度题。根据第一段可知，作者认为早餐比我们想象中更重要，由此可推知，作者对于不吃早餐持反对态度，故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2024·山东省济宁市高二检测) Whether you're exploring retirement communities for a family member，friend or yourself，it's natural to feel a bit uncertain.Misunderstandings of retirement living can make the decision­making process challenging.__1__．Here are four uplifting ways retirement communities can actually improve your overall well­being. Supplying wellness programs At home，finding proper exercise and wellness opportunities can be a challenge.Retirement communities attach importance to the well­being of their residents by offering specially designed wellness programs.From yoga to dance classes，these programs are designed to serve older adults，promoting both mental and physical health.__2__． Maintaining social connections __3__．To handle it，retirement communities are actively creating as many socializing opportunities as possible.Encouraging residents to engage in activities outside their living spaces improves strong mental health and reduces the risk of depression，contributing to overall well­being. __4__ Living alone can present safety challenges，such as the risk of falls or exposure to bad weather.Retirement communities offer a safe and protected environment，minimizing the likelihood of accidents.This is especially advantageous for individuals with limited mobility，ensuring both peace of mind and a sense of security. Offering nutritious meals Nutrition plays a crucial role in our lives，particularly as we age.Retirement communities understand the unique dietary needs of older individuals and provide health­focused meal plans.__5__．Their dietary requirements are also met without effort. Put more simply，retirement communities offer residents a diversity of wellness and educational programs，which are designed to uplift spirits and present a retirement living experience that combines joy and health­focused well­being. A．Providing worry­free service B．Ensuring a secure environment C．Having a good state of mind is also of benefit to our health D．Residents can save the trouble of grocery shopping or cooking E．Regular participation can help residents stay healthier for longer F．Loneliness can become a concern，especially for those living alone G．However，retirement community living can greatly contribute to your health 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种退休社区生活能给你的健康带来的好处。 1．答案：G 解析：上文“Misunderstandings...the decision­making process challenging.”说明人们对退休生活有误解，空格处承上启下，下文“Here are...your overall well­being.”说明以下是退休社区可以改善你整体幸福感的四种方式，G项和上文构成转折关系，同时也和下文构成内容上的承接。故选G项。 2．答案：E 解析：根据上文“From yoga...both mental and physical health.”可知，老年社区提供了很多锻炼课程会促进老年人的健康，E项和上文构成内容上的承接，指出了定期参加老年活动的好处。故选E项。 3．答案：F 解析：下文“To handle it...opportunities as possible.”中的it指代F项中的Loneliness，前后句构成内容上的承接。故选F项。 4．答案：B 解析：根据下文“Retirement communities...the likelihood of accidents.”可知，退休社区提供了一个安全和受保护的环境，B项是对整段内容的概括总结，适合作本段小标题。故选B项。 5．答案：D 解析：上文“Retirement communities...and provide health­focused meal plans.”和D项构成因果关系，指出因为退休社区提供以健康为重点的膳食计划，所以居民可以省去购买食品杂货或做饭的麻烦。故选D项。 学生用书第42页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$