UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（人教版2019）

单元目标速览 单元话题导入 学生用书第2页 Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension Step One：Pre­reading Look at the following pictures and answer the questions below in groups. 1．Who are they? What are their famous artworks? Picture A：Van_Gogh；Sunflowers_《向日葵》_and_Irises《鸢尾花》． Picture B：Qi_Baishi；The_sound_of_frogs_comes_out_of_the_mountain__spring《蛙声十里出山泉》_and_Ink_Shrimp《墨虾》． Picture C：Xu_Beihong；The_eight_steeds《八骏图》． 2．Do you admire artists? Why? Yes，I_do.Because_they_created_many_valuable_paintings_and_gave_us_much_pleasure_and happiness_through_their_works. Step Two：While­reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea 　What's the main idea of the text? A．What is Western art? B．The different styles of Western art. C．The development of Western painting. D．The precise definition of Western art. 答案：C Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each part 　　　 B．Typical painters and their works of Impressionism. C．Characteristics of paintings during the Renaissance. 答案：Parts 1－5　EDCBA Ⅲ.Read for the structure Ⅳ.Read for details 1．When did painters concentrate less on religion? A．From the 5th to the 15th century. B．From the 14th to the 17th century. C．From the late 19th to early 20th century. D．From the 20th century to today. 2．Who painted with Cubism? A．Painters in the Middle Ages. B．Painters in the Renaissance. 学生用书第3页 C.The Impressionists. D．Painters of Modern Art. 3．What is the relationship between the Impressionists and Modern Art? A．The Impressionists teach the modern artists how to draw things in perspective. B．By learning modern art，the Impressionists begin to paint in new ways. C．With the modern artists' help，the Impressionists know how to paint outdoors. D．Without the Impressionists，maybe we would not see many kinds of modern art styles. 4．What does the text mainly tell us? A．How religious paintings developed. B．How oil paintings developed. C．How Impressionists' paintings developed. D．How Western art developed. 答案：1－4　BDDD Step Three：Post­reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1. 尝试翻译　一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452－1519)、米开朗琪罗(1475－1564)和拉斐尔(1483－1520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。 2. 尝试翻译　尽管早在达·芬奇时代，一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(1606－1669)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。 3. 尝试翻译　在这幅作品里，莫奈的目的是传递场景中的光与运动，即场景给予他的主观印象，而非对场景本身的一种具体记录。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　With their deep colours and realism，some of the best oil paintings look like photographs.(比喻的修辞方法) 学后仿写　日落使天空看起来像一幅色彩斑斓的画。 The sunset makes the sky look_like_a_painting with various colors. 2．教材佳句　Unlike the cold，black­and­white photographs of that time period，Renoir's paintings are full of light，shadow，colour，and life.(比较的修辞方法) 学后仿写　与我的常规日程不同，今天充满了意外事件。 Unlike_my_usual_routine，today was filled with unexpected events. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．What's your opinion about the works of the Impressionists? (Creative Thinking创造性思维) I_think_their_works_are_too_abstract_and_they_are_difficult_to_understand_for_most_of_the_ordinary_people. 2．Does art have any influence on people's daily life? why? (Critical Thinking批判性思维) Yes，because_art_plays_an_important_part_in_our_life.People_can_enjoy_a_richer_and_more colorful_life. 学生用书第4页 …………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①precise adj.准确的；精确的 precisely adv.准确地；精确地；的确如此 ②give a precise definition 给出准确的定义 ③style n．风格；形式 ④The Middle Ages 中世纪 ⑤Christianity n．基督教 ⑥realistic adj.现实的；逼真的 realism n．逼真；现实主义；务实作风 realist n．现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者 ⑦primitive adj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的 n．文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品) ⑧two­dimensional adj.二维的 dimension n．维；规模；范围 ⑨character n．人物 ⑩Giotto di Bondone 乔托·迪·邦多纳(意大利画家、雕刻家、建筑师) ⑪theme n．主题 ⑫in particular 尤其；特别 ⑬set apart from使与众不同；使突出；使优于…… ⑭impact n．影响 ⑮the Renaissance 文艺复兴(时期) ⑯as a result 结果 ⑰concentrate on集中注意力于…… ⑱adopt vt.采用 ⑲humanistic adj.人文主义的 humanity n．人性；人道；(统称)人类 ⑳an attitude to/towards对……的态度 ㉑breakthrough n．重大进展；突破 ㉒perspective n．透视法 ㉓Masaccio 马萨乔(意大利现实主义画家) ㉔influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的 ㉕Leonardo da Vinci 莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(意大利艺术家、学者、发明家) ㉖Michelangelo米开朗琪罗(意大利雕塑家、画家、建筑师、诗人) ㉗Raphael 拉斐尔(意大利画家) ㉘innovation n．创新 ㉙Rembrandt 伦勃朗(荷兰画家) ㉚reputation n．名誉；名声 gain/earn/win a reputation赢得声誉 ㉛emphasis n．重点 ㉜shift from ... to ...从……转移到…… ㉝noble n．贵族成员；出身高贵的人 adj.崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的 ㉞rank n．地位；级别；行列vt.&vi. 把……分等级；使排成行 ㉟purchase vt.购买；采购n.购买；购买的东西 ㊱mythology n．神话；虚幻的想法 ㊲client n．委托人；当事人；客户 ㊳Impressionism n．印象主义；印象派(绘画风格) ㊴photography n．照相术；摄影 ㊵preserve vt.保留 ㊶hence adv. 因此 ㊷emerge vi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露 ㊸Claude Monet 克劳德·莫奈(法国印象派画家) ㊹sunrise n．日出 Impression, Sunrise 《日出·印象》(莫奈代表作) ㊺convey vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送 ㊻subjective adj.主观的 objective adj.客观的 ㊼detailed adj.详尽的 ㊽Renoir 雷诺阿(法国印象派画家) ㊾focus on 集中于…… ㊿seek v．寻找 outer adj.外表的；外边的；外围的 as well 也 subsequent adj.随后的；后来的；之后的 Picasso 毕加索(西班牙画家、雕塑家) analyse vt.分析 Cubism n．立体主义；立体派 abstract adj.抽象的 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING What is Western art? It is hard to give a precise① definition②.As there have been so many different styles③ of Western art[1], it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries[2]. [1]画线部分是as引导的原因状语从句，as意为“因为，由于”。 [2]动词不定式短语to understand Western art在句中作定语，修饰the best way；动词不定式短语to look at ...在句中作表语。　　 The Middle Ages④ (from the 5th to the 15th century) During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity⑤[3].Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic⑥ scenes.Their works were often primitive⑦ and two­dimensional⑧， and the main characters⑨ were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance[4].This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone⑩(1267－1337).While his paintings still had religious themes⑪[5], they showed real people in a real environment.In particular⑫， his paintings are set apart from⑬ other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact⑭. [3]动词不定式短语to teach people about Christianity在句中作表语。 [4]动词不定式短语to show their importance作目的状语。 [5]画线部分是while引导的让步状语从句，while意为“虽然，尽管”。 The Renaissance⑮(from the 14th to the 17th century) New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages[6].As a result⑯， painters concentrated less on⑰ religious themes.They began to adopt⑱ a more humanistic⑲ attitude to⑳ life.An important breakthrough㉑ during this period was the use of perspective㉒ by Masaccio㉓ (1401－1428).Influential㉔ painters such as Leonardo da Vinci㉕ (1452－1519)，Michelangelo㉖ (1475－1564)，and Raphael㉗ (1483－1520) built upon 学生用书第5页 Giotto and Masaccio's innovations㉘to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen[7]. [6]画线部分中的不定代词ones代替上文出现的ideas and values。 [7]在to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen中动词不定式短语作目的状语；关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰先行词art。　　 Another innovation was the use of oil paints.With their deep colours and realism[8], some of the best oil paintings look like photographs.While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt㉙ (1606－1669), who gained a reputation㉚ as a master of shadow and light[9]. [8]介词短语With their deep colours and realism在句中作原因状语。 [9]画线部分是关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Rembrandt，且who在从句中作主语。 In subject matter, the emphasis㉛ increasingly shifted from religious themes to㉜ people and the world around us.Kings, nobles㉝， and people of high rank㉞wanted to purchase㉟ accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved[10].Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology㊱[11].Finally, most clients㊲ wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at[12]. [10]they loved为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词people。 [11]画线部分为动词­ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词paintings。 [12]画线部分是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词paintings。 Impressionism㊳(late 19th to early 20th century) The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography㊴ in the mid­19th century.After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve㊵what people and the world looked like[13]. 学生用书第6页 Hence㊶， painters had to find a new way of looking at their art.From this, Impressionism emerged㊷ in France.The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet㊸ (1840－1926) called Impression, Sunrise㊹[14].In this work, Monet's aim was to convey㊺ the light and movement in the scene[15]—the subjective㊻ impression the scene gave him[16]—but not a detailed㊼ record of the scene itself. [13]what people and the world looked like是what引导的名词性从句，作动词preserve的宾语。 [14]动词­ed形式短语called Impression, Sunrise作后置定语，修饰名词painting。 [15]动词不定式短语to convey the light ...在句中作表语。 [16]the scene gave him是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词impression。 While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir㊽ (1841－1919), focused on㊾ people.Unlike the cold, black­and­white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life.He sought㊿ to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.[17] [17]not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well中not ... but ...意为“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列的名词短语，作动词show的宾语。 Modern Art (from the 20th century to today) After Impressionism, subsequentartists began to ask，“What do we do next？” Painters such as Picasso (1881－1973) tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world[18] but in a new way, with Cubism.Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream­like quality.Still others turned to abstractart.What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？” [18]which existed in the natural world是关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the shapes。 学生用书第7页 …………………………………………………………………………………◎ 西方绘画简史 什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个明确的定义。由于西方艺术风格多种多样，不可能在一篇短文中描述全部。也许，了解西方艺术的最好方法就是回顾若干个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。 中世纪时期(5－15世纪) 中世纪时期，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。因此，艺术家们对描绘真实场景并无兴趣。他们的作品通常较为粗糙且二维化，主体人物也通常被塑造得比其他人高大许多，以显示其重要性。13世纪乔托·迪·邦多纳(1267－1337)的出现改变了这一现象。尽管他的绘画仍是宗教主题，但展示了真实环境中的真实人物。他的绘画尤其以逼真的人脸和强烈的情感冲击而与众不同。 文艺复兴时期(14－17世纪) 新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期旧的思想和价值观。因此，画家们较少关注宗教主题。他们开始对生活采取一种更为人性化的态度。这一时期的一项重大突破是马萨乔(1401－1428)对透视法的运用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452－1519)、米开朗琪罗(1475－1564)和拉斐尔(1483－1520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。 另一大创新是油性颜料的使用。凭借其浓重的色彩和写实主义，一些最好的油画作品看上去与照片相似。尽管早在达·芬奇时代，一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(1606－1669)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。 在题材方面，重心日益从宗教主题转向我们身边的人与世界。国王、贵族和地位显赫的人都想购买自己及其所爱之人的精确画像，而其他人想要的则是展示重大历史事件或神话故事的绘画。最后，大多数顾客想要的是漂亮、有趣的绘画用来欣赏。 印象派时期(19世纪末－20世纪初) 在19世纪中叶摄影术发明之前，西方艺术发展缓慢。摄影术发明之后，绘画不再需要保留人与世界的模样。因此，画家必须找到一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。于是，印象主义在法国应运而生。这项新运动的名称源自克劳德·莫奈(1840－1926)名为《日出·印象》的绘画作品。在这幅作品里，莫奈的目的是传递场景中的光与运动即场景给予他的主观印象，而非对场景本身的一种具体记录。 虽然许多印象派画家描绘的是大自然或日常生活中的场景，但是雷诺阿(1841－1919)等其他画家却侧重于人物。与那一时期冷色调的黑白照片不同，雷诺阿的绘画饱含光影、色彩和生活元素。他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展现其内在的温暖和人性。 现代艺术时期(20世纪至今) 在印象主义之后，后来的艺术家们开始发问：“接下来我们应该做什么？”毕加索(1881－1973)等画家试图分析自然世界中存在的形状，但是以一种新的方式——立体主义。其他画家则赋予自己的绘画一种写实却又梦幻般的品质。还有一些画家则转向抽象艺术。他们所做的尝试不再是展示现实，而是提出这一问题：“艺术是什么？” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$