内容正文:
Unit 1 Animal Friends 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar)
【主要内容】
· 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A;Grammar和Section B三个部分。
· Grammar 精讲本单元的重点语法,讲解部分配有随学随练。
· 本资料设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习,丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习掌握并英语语法知识。
1、 单元语法解析
特殊疑问句
1. what疑问句
(1) what疑问句通常用于询问“什么”,回答时,告诉对方具体的事物。
—What’s your favourite color? 你最喜欢的颜色是什么?
—It’s brown. 是棕色。
(2) what也可以和名词搭配,询问更具体的事物。如:what kind询问“什么种类”, what color询问“什么颜色”,“what animal”询问“什么动物”等。
—What animal do you like ?你喜欢什么动物?
—I like giraffes.我喜欢长颈鹿。
—What time do you get up in the morning? 你早上几点起床?
—I get up at a quarter past six. 我六点十五起床。
(3) what的其他常用句型
· What is sb? 句型用于询问某人的职业。询问工作还可以使用What does sb do? 或What’s sb’s job?句型。
What’s your father ? 你爸爸是做什么工作的?
What’s your mother’s job? 你妈妈是做什么工作的?
· What is sb. like? 句型用于询问某人的性格,能力等,也可用于询问外表。
What is sth. like? 句型用于询问事物的性质、质量、特征等。
—What’s your brother like ? 你哥哥是什么样的人?
—He is a little shy. 他有点儿害羞。
What’s the weather like in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样?
· What does sb. look like ? 句型仅用于询问人的外貌
What does sth. look like ? 句型用于询问事物的外部特征。
—What does your bottle look like ? 你的瓶子什么样的?
—It is red. 它是红色的。
2. where疑问句
· where疑问句用于询问地点。回答时告知具体地点。
—Where is Amy from? Amy来自哪里?
—She is from Canada. 她来自加拿大。
3. why疑问句
· why疑问句用于询问原因。回答时告知具体原因。
· 回答why疑问句,只用because表示“因为...”,而不用for, since,as等回答。
why疑问句
—Why do you like pandas? 你为什么喜欢熊猫?
—Because they’re cute. 因为它们很可爱。
4. when疑问句
· when疑问句用于询问时间。when既可以询问具体时刻,也可以询问时间段。when引导的特殊疑问句的
答语既可以是某个具体时刻,也可以是某一段时间。
—When do you go to school? 你什么时候去学校?
—I go to school at 7:30. 我七点半去上学。
—When do you have English lessons? 你什么时候上英语课?
—On Monday and Thursday. 在周一和周四。
· what time 也可用于询问时间,但what time引导的特殊疑问句的答语只能是某个具体时刻。
—What time do you get up?你几点起床?
—I get up at 6:30. 我六点半起床。
5. who疑问句
· who疑问句用于询问“谁”或询问身份。
—Who is that man? 那个男的是谁?
—It’s Mr. Green, our English teacher. 是格林先生,我们的英语老师。
6. how疑问句
· how引导的特殊疑问句:
用于询问健康状况
How is your father ?你爸爸身体怎么样?
how用于询问是否成功或愉快
How was your trip? 你的旅游怎么样?
how用于询问方式
How do you greet people ? 你怎么和人们打招呼?
· “how+形容词/副词”短语引导的特殊疑问句
how many +可数名词复数形式:询问数量
How many apples do you have ? 你有几个苹果?
how much +不可数名词:询问数量
How much water is there in the bottle ? 瓶子里有多少水?
how much + 名词:询问价钱或价格
How much are these tomatoes ? 这些西红柿多少钱?
How old... ?询问年龄
How old is your sister ? 你妹妹多大了?
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) —What’s your English teacher like?
—________.
A.He is strict but nice
B.He likes maths
C.He lives in Tianjin
D.He likes vegetables and fruit
(2) — What does Mary look like?
— She is ________.
A.fourteen
B.tall and thin
C.at home
D.watching TV
(3) —________ is the letter from?
—It’s from England.
A. Who
B. Where
C. What
D. When
(4) — ________ are the books?
—They are 59 yuan.
A. What number
B. What color
C. How old
D. How much
(5) —________ Bob like history?
—Because it’s interesting.
A.Why do
B.Why does
C.When do
D.When does
(6) — ________ do you have breakfast, Jill?
— At 7:00 a.m.
A.Where
B.When
C.How
D.What
(7) —________ do you often do after school, Lucy?
—I often read books in the library.
A.What
B.Why
C.When
D.How
(8) —________?
—Because it looks very nice.
A.What class are you in
B.What do you have on your farm
C.How long do you stay here
D.Why do you like this picture
对划线部分提问。
(1) The gym is behind the classroom building. (对划线部分提问)
(2) Her class teacher is Ms. Lee. (对划线部分提问)
(3) Judy Clark is 14 years old. (对划线部分部分提问)
(4) The Greens are from the UK. (对划线部分提问)
(5) Ella sees two dogs. (对划线部分提问)
(6) I like yellow because many flowers are yellow. (对画线部分提问)
(7) Linda’s favourite animals are giraffes. (对画线部分提问)
(8) His brother is tall and thin. (对画线部分提问)
形容词的基本用法
1. 形容词是修饰名词或代词的词类,用来描述人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性等。
2. 形容词的句法功能
形容词可以作定语,表语和补语等。
(1) 形容词作定语
形容词作定语,一般放在被修饰词的前面,起到描述、修饰或限定的作用。
(2) 形容词作表语
形容词作表语位于系动词之后,说明主语的特征、品质等。
常见的系动词有:
· be动词
· 感官系动词:look看起来, taste尝起来,sound听起来,smell闻起来,feel感觉起来,摸起来
· “保持”类形容词:keep,stay等
· “变化”类形容词:become,get,go,turn等
如:He is brave, 他很勇敢。
The shirt looks nice. 这件衬衫看起来很不错。
It’s getting cooler and cooler. 天气变得越来越凉爽了。
(3) 形容词作补语
很多形容词都可以作宾语补足语。
如:Tony made us happy. 托尼使我们很开心。
He finds it interesting to learn English. 他发现学英语很有趣。
有些形容词有可以作主语补足语,补充说明主语。
如:His father died young. 他的父亲很年轻就去世了。
3. 形容词作定语的位置
(1) 前置:形容词作定语时通常位于被修饰词的前面。
如:important things 重要的事;scary animals 可怕的动物
(2) 后置:以下情况,形容词放在被修饰词的后面。
· 修饰something, someone, anything, anyone等复合不定代词,放在被修饰后面。
如:something important 一些重要的事;someone interesting某个有趣的人
· 一些表语形容词(通常以a-开头,如asleep, alive, awake等)作定语要放在被修饰后面。
如:the boy asleep 睡着的男孩;a famous singer alive在世的著名歌手
· long(长的),wide(宽的),high(高的),tall(高的),old等与数词连用,放在被修饰词后面。
如:The river is about 300 meters long. 这条河大约长300米。
· “形容词+介词+名词”或其他短语作定语,要放在被修饰词后面。
如:a box full of books 一个装满书的盒子
(3) 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时,一般按下列顺序排列:
限定词(冠词、所有格、物主代词、数词、指示代词等)+描绘性的形容词+大小/长短/形状+年龄/新旧
+颜色+国籍/出处+材料+用途+被修饰的名词
简单记忆法则: 大小形状和新老 ;颜色国际出 (处) 材料
如:a beautiful small old wooden house 一座漂亮的古老的小木屋
a nice big square new gold watch 一块精美的方形的新的大金表
4. 几组形容词用法辨析
(1) -ing形容词与-ed形容词
· -ing形容词“令人感到...”,含有主动含义。
· -ed形容词意为“感到...”,含有被动含义。
如:excited感到兴奋的;exciting令人兴奋的
surprised感到惊讶的;surprising令人惊讶的
amazed感到惊奇的;amazing令人惊奇的
interested感兴趣的;interesting令人感兴趣的,有趣的
bored感到乏味的;boring令人感到乏味的,令人生厌的
(2) 一些以-ly结尾的词是形容词,不是副词
以“名词+ly”构成的词通常是形容词,而不是副词。
如:lovely(adj.)可爱的;friendly(adj.)友好的;costly(adj.)花钱多的,昂贵的
(3) 有些词既可以做形容词,也可以用作副词
如:early(adj.)早的;(adv.)早地;late(adj.)迟的;(adv.)迟地;fast(adj.)快的;(adv.)迟地
close(adj.)近的;(adv.)靠近,紧挨着;high(adj.)高的;(adv.)高地,在高处
(4) fun与funny
· fun用来描述令人愉快的事物或喜欢与之相处的人。
fun还可以用作名词,表示“乐趣,快乐”。常用搭配:*have fun 玩得高兴
My sister is a fun person. 我妹妹是个有趣的人。
We have a lot of fun together. 我们在一起玩得很开心。
· funny指令人发笑的事物或人。
He told a funny story. 他讲了个搞笑的故事。
(5) “the+形容词”表示一类人或一类事物。
如:the poor穷人;the young年轻人
(6) some与any
· some与any可与可数名词单数、复数及不可数名词连用。一般some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句。
· any也可以用于肯定句,表示“任何的”。
如:Any girl can do that. 任何一个女孩都可以做。
· 在表示请求,邀请,或希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中,用some。
如:Would you like some bread? 你要吃点面包吗?
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) Fred is a ________ singer, but he can’t dance ________.
A.good; good
B.well; good
C.well; well
D.good; well
(2) Simon is so ______ to see the ______ movie.
A.bored; bored
B.boring; bored
C.bored; boring
D.boring; bore
(3) —You look _________ today. Why?
—My father is coming back home from Xinjiang. I miss him very much.
A.happy
B.happily
C.sad
D.sadly
(4) They are making some delicious bread ________, and it makes them ________.
A.happy; happy
B.happy; happily
C.happily; happy
D.happily; happily
(5) If you want to be ________, you should keep ________ every day.
A.healthy; happy
B.health; happily
C.health; happy
D.healthy; happily
(6) We must keep our classroom ______.
A.clean
B.cleaning
C.to clean
(7) Our teacher has ________ to tell me.
A.something interesting
B.interesting something
C.something interested
D.interested something
(8) My friend Sally has ________ hair.
A.beautiful black long
B.black beautiful long
C.black long beautiful
D.beautiful long black
(9) —What is in the box?
—It is Lucy’s _________ .
A.white new skirt
B.new red shoes
C.blue new hat
D.new yellow coat
(10) —Would you like to tell me ________ important news?
—Sorry, I don’t want to tell you ________ news today.
A.some; some
B.some; any
C.any; any
D.any; some
可数名词的复数形式
1. 可数名词是表示可以计数的单个物体、人、想法等的名词。可数名词前可以直接加a/an或数词。
如:an orange 一个橙子;six oranges 六个橙子
a school 一个学校; some schools 一些学校
2. 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词单数变复数规则如下:
(1) 规则变化:
· 一般情况直接在词尾加-s。如:pencil→pencils; animal→animals
· 以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。如:box→boxes; class→classes
· 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改为i,再加-es。如:city→cities; baby→babies
注意:toy, monkey等以元音字母+y结尾,变复数时直接在词尾加-s。
· 以-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe改为v,再加-es。如:leaf→leaves叶子; knife→knives刀
· 以-o结尾的名词,一般生物加-es,非生物加-s。如:tomato→tomatoes;photo→photos
注意:很多动物名词以o结尾,但变复数时在词尾加s。如:hippo(河马)→hippos;rhino(犀牛)→rhinos;
flamingo(火烈鸟)→flamingos
(2) 不规则变化:
· 单复数同形(单数和复数形式一样)
以下可数名词,单复数同形:Chinese; Japanese; deer(鹿); fish(鱼); sheep
· 改变元音字母
a-e 类:man→men; woman→women
oo→ee类:foot→feet; tooth→teeth(牙齿); goose→geese
其他:mouse→mice(老鼠)
· 添加辅音字母
child→children; ox→oxen(公牛)
3. 复合名词的复数形式
由两个名词共同构成的名词是复合名词
(1) 在变复数时,一般把后面的名词变为复数,前面的名词用单数。
(2) 如果前面的名词是man,woman,变复数时,man,woman也要变成复数形式。
如:an apple tree一棵苹果树;three apple trees 三棵苹果树
a man teacher 一名男教师;four men teachers 四名男教师
[随学随练]
写出下列名词的复数形式。
(1) fox
(2) giraffe
(3) mouse
(4) shark
(5) sheep
(6) bear
(7) potato
(8) glass(玻璃杯)
(9) monkey
(10) woman
(11) foot
(12) tooth
(13) baby
(14) monkey
(15) knife
(16) hippo
(17) child
(18) watch
单项填空。
(1) Jim and Lucy are not in the same ________, but they are good ________.
A.class; friend
B.class; friends
C.classes; friends
(2) Look! There are four ________ and two lions in the zoo.
A.deers
B.fox
C.wolf
D.wolves
(3) Uncle Li has a farm. There some are ______ on the farm.
A.chicken and sheeps
B.chickens and sheeps
C.chickens and sheep
D.chicken and sheep
(4) On those ________, there are many apples.
A.apples trees
B.apple trees
C.apples tree
D.apples’ trees
(5) There are more and more(越来越多的) ________ in the hospitals now.
A.man nurse
B.men nurses
C.men nurse
D.man nurses
(6) I can find some ________, many ________ and cows on the farm.
A.geese; sheeps
B.goose; sheep
C.geese; sheep
用所给词的正确形式填空。
(1) How many ________(child) are there in your school?
(2) The boy ate some ________ (tomato).
(3) The ________ (baby chicken)are playing in the sun. How lovely they are!
(4) Some ________(photo)are on the wall.
(5) I make some new friends. Some are ________(American). The others are ________(Japanese).
(6) I need another three ________(box).
(7) Eight ________(monkey)are climbing trees.
(8) Tony, put your ________(toy) away. They’re everywhere on the floor.
(9) Do you know how many ________(tooth) a horse has and how many ________ (foot)a bee has?
(10) Some________(women teacher) are talking about the coming school year.
2、 单元语法基础练习
1. 单项填空
(1) —________ are lions from?
—They are from South Africa.
A.Why
B.What
C.When
D.Where
(2) —________ animals are there on your grandparents’ farm?
—Twenty.
A.How much
B.How old
C.How long
D.How many
(3) —________ does your best friend Tina like?
—She likes pandas. She thinks they are cute.
A.What club
B.What color
C.What sports
D.What animals
(4) —________
—Because I think giraffes are kind of smart and cute.
A.What animals do you like?
B.Why don’t you like giraffes?
C.Why do you like giraffes?
D.Let’s see giraffes in the zoo!
(5) —Where ________ the elephant come from?
—It ________ from Africa.
A.does;does
B.do;does
C.is;is
D.does;comes
(6) The tigers in the zoo are really ________. When I see them, I will be too ________ to move.
A.scary; scary
B.scary; scared
C.scared; scared
D.scared; scary
(7) Children mustn’t swim in the river because it’ s_______________.
A.strong
B.interesting
C.dangerous
D.similar
(8) Jane’s parents look ________ because Jane gets the first prize (奖) in dancing.
A.angry
B.angrily
C.happy
D.happily
(9) It’s a piece of ________ news and we are all ________ at it.
A.surprising; surprise
B.surprising; surprised
C.surprised; surprising
D.surprised; surprise
(10) —What do you think of the question?
—I find it quite ________. I can find out the answer ________.
A.easy; easy
B.easily; easily
C.easily; easy
D.easy; easily
(11) The girl always tries to make herself ________.
A.happily
B.lovely
C.differently
D.carefully
(12) —Must we keep our mouths ________ all the time when we see a dentist?
—No, you don’t have to.
A.open
B.opened
C.to open
D.opening
(13) Doing exercise helps people stay ________ and ________.
A.healthy; happiness
B.health; happy
C.healthy; happy
D.health; happiness
(14) There are two _______ and six _______ in the zoo.
A.kangaroos; wolfs
B.kangaroos; wolves
C.kangarooes; wolves
D.kangarooes; wolfs
(15) Here are many_______ and________.
A.tomato;sandwiches
B.tomatoes;sandwichs
C.tomatoes;sandwiches
D.tomatos;sandwichs
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空是句意完整正确。
(1) —________ is your friend from?
—She is from the USA.
(2) —________ do you like to do at weekends?
—I enjoy reading in the library.
(3) —________ do you like this book?
—Because it’s interesting.
(4) —________ does it look?
—It is of medium height and a little fat.
(5) —________ do they look like?
—They are tall and thin.
(6) —________do they live?
—They live in London.
(7) Everyone was ________ (amaze)when they heard the ________ (amaze) news.
(8) Oh, what a ________ (bore)class! I really feel ________ (bore).
(9) —What about having some Cola?
—Cola is not ________(health). Let’s have some apple juice. That tastes ________(well).
(10) I didn’t feel (well) this morning. So I was late(late) for school.
(11) Ms Gao works hard to make the class ________ (interest).
(12) We must care about our ________ (health)and try to make us ________(health). It is important to eat ________ (health) food.
(13) Different people have different ________ (life).
(14) David brushes his ________ (tooth) after getting up and before going to bed.sheep
(15) —Are these ________ (box) yours?
—Yes, they are. Thanks.
(16) Sometimes cats sleep with eyes open and catch ________ (mouse) at night.
(17) I can see two ________ (sheep) and some ________ (fish) in the picture.
(18) Look at those ________ (baby monkey).They’re so ________ (love).
(19) I like eating ________ (vegetable) because they are healthy.
(20) Some people kill ________ (shark) for their meat.
3、 单元语法提升练习
1. 翻译对话
(1) A:你最喜欢的动物是什么?
B:是长颈鹿。
A:你为什么喜欢它们?
B:因为我觉得它们可爱,并且看起来很有趣。
A:
B:
A:
B:
(2) A:狮子来自哪里?
B:它们来自非洲。
A:你喜欢狮子吗?
B:我不喜欢它们。
A:你为什么不喜欢它们。
B:因为他们看起来有点可怕,并且狮子是很危险的动物。
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
2. 补全对话
(1) 根据对话内容,在下面的空白处填入适当的词,使对话的意思完整与正确。每空一词。
A: Hi, Mary! Nice to meet you!
B: Laura! Nice to meet you, 1 .
A: Where do you want to go now?
B: Let’s 2 the pandas.
A: The pandas? 3 do you like pandas?
B: Because they are very cute, and they’re the national treasure (国宝) of China. But 4 very shy.
A: Yes. Do you know where they are from?
B: They are from Sichuan, China.
A: Yes, you’re right. Let’s go to see the pandas now.
B: OK. But 5 are they?
A: Over there.
B: All right. Let’s go.
(2) 根据所给对话,填写适当的内容,使其完整、正确 (每空词数不限)。
Mike: Hey, Jane! 1 ?
Jane: It’s an ad (广告) for a zoo.
Mike: For a zoo? I love the zoo!
Jane: Me, too. 2 ?
Mike: Because of the animals. I like the monkeys, rhinos, egrets(鹭鸶)and so on.
Jane: 3 ?
Mike: White egrets are my favourite.
Jane: They’re cute. I like watching them fly.
Mike: 4 , Jane?
Jane: I like elephants best. They can eat for about 16 hours a day!
Mike: Really? That’s interesting.
Jane: Let’s go to the zoo this weekend.
Mike: 5 . See you this weekend.
Jane: See you then.
3. 语篇填空
(1) 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Wolves live in the northern half of the world. They can live in forests on open plains (平原), or in the snows of the Arctic (北极). They look 1 big dogs, with long legs and a wide head. In fact, all of our dogs probably came from wolves many years ago.
They are about two meters long, and 2 (be) about three quarters of a meter tall. If a wolf gets enough food, it can weigh about 40 to 50 kilograms. Wolves usually eat small animals such as 3 (mouse) and rabbits. But they also hunt(捕猎) together 4 (try) to kill big animals. If they catch and kill a big animal, they eat as much as they can. Then they may not eat for up to two weeks.
Wolves live in groups. There are about six to eight wolves in 5 group. Only one pair of wolves will have cubs (幼崽), 6 all the members of the group will help to feed and look after the cubs. If the cubs are in danger, the whole group will protect(保护) 7 (they).
People often think that wolves are 8 (danger) animals, but this is not true. wild wolves are usually afraid of humans. If you are in a forest and see a wolf, perhaps it will run away from you.
(2) 请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在横线上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Do you like animals? I like them very much. My favourite animals are penguins 1 they are very cute. My friend David likes penguins, 2 . There are seventeen kinds of penguins in the 3 . Six kinds of penguins live 4 Antarctica. Penguins are a 5 of birds but they can’t fly. Penguins like 6 at sea. And most penguins like to live in open water with no ice. All the penguins are 7 at swimming. They can swim 160 km a day. Penguins are also good at running. They run 8 . Penguins can talk to each other by singing loudly. But most of 9 don’t talk all the time. A penguin eats about 4 kilos of food a week. It 10 shrimps (虾) and little fish for food. Do you like penguins?
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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Unit 1 Animal Friends 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar)
【主要内容】
· 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A;Grammar和Section B三个部分。
· Grammar 精讲本单元的重点语法,讲解部分配有随学随练。
· 本资料设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习,丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习掌握并英语语法知识。
1、 单元语法解析
特殊疑问句
1. what疑问句
(1) what疑问句通常用于询问“什么”,回答时,告诉对方具体的事物。
—What’s your favourite color? 你最喜欢的颜色是什么?
—It’s brown. 是棕色。
(2) what也可以和名词搭配,询问更具体的事物。如:what kind询问“什么种类”, what color询问“什么颜色”,“what animal”询问“什么动物”等。
—What animal do you like ?你喜欢什么动物?
—I like giraffes.我喜欢长颈鹿。
—What time do you get up in the morning? 你早上几点起床?
—I get up at a quarter past six. 我六点十五起床。
(3) what的其他常用句型
· What is sb? 句型用于询问某人的职业。询问工作还可以使用What does sb do? 或What’s sb’s job?句型。
What’s your father ? 你爸爸是做什么工作的?
What’s your mother’s job? 你妈妈是做什么工作的?
· What is sb. like? 句型用于询问某人的性格,能力等,也可用于询问外表。
What is sth. like? 句型用于询问事物的性质、质量、特征等。
—What’s your brother like ? 你哥哥是什么样的人?
—He is a little shy. 他有点儿害羞。
What’s the weather like in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样?
· What does sb. look like ? 句型仅用于询问人的外貌
What does sth. look like ? 句型用于询问事物的外部特征。
—What does your bottle look like ? 你的瓶子什么样的?
—It is red. 它是红色的。
2. where疑问句
· where疑问句用于询问地点。回答时告知具体地点。
—Where is Amy from? Amy来自哪里?
—She is from Canada. 她来自加拿大。
3. why疑问句
· why疑问句用于询问原因。回答时告知具体原因。
· 回答why疑问句,只用because表示“因为...”,而不用for, since,as等回答。
why疑问句
—Why do you like pandas? 你为什么喜欢熊猫?
—Because they’re cute. 因为它们很可爱。
4. when疑问句
· when疑问句用于询问时间。when既可以询问具体时刻,也可以询问时间段。when引导的特殊疑问句的
答语既可以是某个具体时刻,也可以是某一段时间。
—When do you go to school? 你什么时候去学校?
—I go to school at 7:30. 我七点半去上学。
—When do you have English lessons? 你什么时候上英语课?
—On Monday and Thursday. 在周一和周四。
· what time 也可用于询问时间,但what time引导的特殊疑问句的答语只能是某个具体时刻。
—What time do you get up?你几点起床?
—I get up at 6:30. 我六点半起床。
5. who疑问句
· who疑问句用于询问“谁”或询问身份。
—Who is that man? 那个男的是谁?
—It’s Mr. Green, our English teacher. 是格林先生,我们的英语老师。
6. how疑问句
· how引导的特殊疑问句:
用于询问健康状况
How is your father ?你爸爸身体怎么样?
how用于询问是否成功或愉快
How was your trip? 你的旅游怎么样?
how用于询问方式
How do you greet people ? 你怎么和人们打招呼?
· “how+形容词/副词”短语引导的特殊疑问句
how many +可数名词复数形式:询问数量
How many apples do you have ? 你有几个苹果?
how much +不可数名词:询问数量
How much water is there in the bottle ? 瓶子里有多少水?
how much + 名词:询问价钱或价格
How much are these tomatoes ? 这些西红柿多少钱?
How old... ?询问年龄
How old is your sister ? 你妹妹多大了?
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) —What’s your English teacher like?
—________.
A.He is strict but nice
B.He likes maths
C.He lives in Tianjin
D.He likes vegetables and fruit
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--你的英语老师是什么样的人?--他很严格,但人很好。
考查特殊疑问句及情景交际。He is strict but nice他很严格,但人很好;He likes maths他喜欢数学;He lives in Tianjin他住在天津;He likes vegetables and fruit他喜欢蔬菜和水果。根据" What's your English teacher like?”可知,询问的是某人的品质或外貌特征,结合选项,可用“He is strict but nice”来回复。故选A。
(2) — What does Mary look like?
— She is ________.
A.fourteen
B.tall and thin
C.at home
D.watching TV
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--玛丽长什么样?--她又高又瘦。
考查特殊疑问句。fourteen十四;tall and thin又高又瘦;at home在家;watching TV,根据" What does Mary look like?”可知,问句询问的是Mary的外貌。故选B。
(3) —________ is the letter from?
—It’s from England.
A. Who
B. Where
C. What
D. When
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——这封信是从哪里来的?——它来自英国。
考查特殊疑问句。Who谁;Where哪里;What什么;When什么时候。根据答语“It’s from England.”可知,此处询问地点。故选B。
(4) — ________ are the books?
—They are 59 yuan.
A. What number
B. What color
C. How old
D. How much
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——这些书多少钱?——59元。
考查疑问词辨析。What number什么号码;What color什么颜色;How old多大年龄;How much多少钱;根据“They are 59 yuan.”可知,设空处询问价格,故选D。
(5) —________ Bob like history?
—Because it’s interesting.
A.Why do
B.Why does
C.When do
D.When does
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--Bob为什么喜欢历史?--因为它很有趣。
考查特殊疑问句以及主谓一致。why为什么;when什么时候。根据“Because”可知此处询问原因,疑问词用why,主语是Bob,助动词用does。故选B。
(6) — ________ do you have breakfast, Jill?
— At 7:00 a.m.
A.Where
B.When
C.How
D.What
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--吉尔,你何时吃早饭?--早上7点。
考查特殊疑问词用法。Where在哪里;When何时;How如何;What什么。根据答句“At7:00a.m.”可知,告知了时间,故空处是询问何时吃早饭,需用When提问。故选B。
(7) —________ do you often do after school, Lucy?
—I often read books in the library.
A.What
B.Why
C.When
D.How
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--露西,你放学后经常做什么?--我经常在图书馆看书。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么;Why为什么;When何时; How如何,根据“I often read books in the library.”可知,上文应是询问放学后做什么事情。故选A。
(8) —________?
—Because it looks very nice.
A.What class are you in
B.What do you have on your farm
C.How long do you stay here
D.Why do you like this picture
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--你为什么喜欢这张照片?--因为它看起来很漂亮。
考查特殊疑问句。What class are you in你在哪个班级;What do you have on you farm你的农场上有什么;How
long do you stay here你在这里待多久;Why do you like this picture你为什么喜欢这张照片。根据“Because it looks very nice,”"可知此处询问原因,疑问词用why。故选D。
对划线部分提问。
(1) The gym is behind the classroom building. (对划线部分提问)
(2) Her class teacher is Ms. Lee. (对划线部分提问)
(3) Judy Clark is 14 years old. (对划线部分部分提问)
(4) The Greens are from the UK. (对划线部分提问)
(5) Ella sees two dogs. (对划线部分提问)
(6) I like yellow because many flowers are yellow. (对画线部分提问)
(7) Linda’s favourite animals are giraffes. (对画线部分提问)
(8) His brother is tall and thin. (对画线部分提问)
【答案】
(1) Where id the gym?
(2) Who is her class teacher?
(3) How old is Judy Clark?
(4) Where are the Greens from?
(5) How many dogs does Ella see?
(6) Why do you like yellow?
(7) What are Linda’s favourite animals?
(8) What does his brother look like? / How does his brother look?
形容词的基本用法
1. 形容词是修饰名词或代词的词类,用来描述人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性等。
2. 形容词的句法功能
形容词可以作定语,表语和补语等。
(1) 形容词作定语
形容词作定语,一般放在被修饰词的前面,起到描述、修饰或限定的作用。
(2) 形容词作表语
形容词作表语位于系动词之后,说明主语的特征、品质等。
常见的系动词有:
· be动词
· 感官系动词:look看起来, taste尝起来,sound听起来,smell闻起来,feel感觉起来,摸起来
· “保持”类形容词:keep,stay等
· “变化”类形容词:become,get,go,turn等
如:He is brave, 他很勇敢。
The shirt looks nice. 这件衬衫看起来很不错。
It’s getting cooler and cooler. 天气变得越来越凉爽了。
(3) 形容词作补语
很多形容词都可以作宾语补足语。
如:Tony made us happy. 托尼使我们很开心。
He finds it interesting to learn English. 他发现学英语很有趣。
有些形容词有可以作主语补足语,补充说明主语。
如:His father died young. 他的父亲很年轻就去世了。
3. 形容词作定语的位置
(1) 前置:形容词作定语时通常位于被修饰词的前面。
如:important things 重要的事;scary animals 可怕的动物
(2) 后置:以下情况,形容词放在被修饰词的后面。
· 修饰something, someone, anything, anyone等复合不定代词,放在被修饰后面。
如:something important 一些重要的事;someone interesting某个有趣的人
· 一些表语形容词(通常以a-开头,如asleep, alive, awake等)作定语要放在被修饰后面。
如:the boy asleep 睡着的男孩;a famous singer alive在世的著名歌手
· long(长的),wide(宽的),high(高的),tall(高的),old等与数词连用,放在被修饰词后面。
如:The river is about 300 meters long. 这条河大约长300米。
· “形容词+介词+名词”或其他短语作定语,要放在被修饰词后面。
如:a box full of books 一个装满书的盒子
(3) 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时,一般按下列顺序排列:
限定词(冠词、所有格、物主代词、数词、指示代词等)+描绘性的形容词+大小/长短/形状+年龄/新旧
+颜色+国籍/出处+材料+用途+被修饰的名词
简单记忆法则: 大小形状和新老 ;颜色国际出 (处) 材料
如:a beautiful small old wooden house 一座漂亮的古老的小木屋
a nice big square new gold watch 一块精美的方形的新的大金表
4. 几组形容词用法辨析
(1) -ing形容词与-ed形容词
· -ing形容词“令人感到...”,含有主动含义。
· -ed形容词意为“感到...”,含有被动含义。
如:excited感到兴奋的;exciting令人兴奋的
surprised感到惊讶的;surprising令人惊讶的
amazed感到惊奇的;amazing令人惊奇的
interested感兴趣的;interesting令人感兴趣的,有趣的
bored感到乏味的;boring令人感到乏味的,令人生厌的
(2) 一些以-ly结尾的词是形容词,不是副词
以“名词+ly”构成的词通常是形容词,而不是副词。
如:lovely(adj.)可爱的;friendly(adj.)友好的;costly(adj.)花钱多的,昂贵的
(3) 有些词既可以做形容词,也可以用作副词
如:early(adj.)早的;(adv.)早地;late(adj.)迟的;(adv.)迟地;fast(adj.)快的;(adv.)迟地
close(adj.)近的;(adv.)靠近,紧挨着;high(adj.)高的;(adv.)高地,在高处
(4) fun与funny
· fun用来描述令人愉快的事物或喜欢与之相处的人。
fun还可以用作名词,表示“乐趣,快乐”。常用搭配:*have fun 玩得高兴
My sister is a fun person. 我妹妹是个有趣的人。
We have a lot of fun together. 我们在一起玩得很开心。
· funny指令人发笑的事物或人。
He told a funny story. 他讲了个搞笑的故事。
(5) “the+形容词”表示一类人或一类事物。
如:the poor穷人;the young年轻人
(6) some与any
· some与any可与可数名词单数、复数及不可数名词连用。一般some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句。
· any也可以用于肯定句,表示“任何的”。
如:Any girl can do that. 任何一个女孩都可以做。
· 在表示请求,邀请,或希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中,用some。
如:Would you like some bread? 你要吃点面包吗?
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) Fred is a ________ singer, but he can’t dance ________.
A.good; good
B.well; good
C.well; well
D.good; well
【答案】D
【详解】句意:弗雷德是个好歌手,但他跳舞跳得不好。
考查形容词和副词。g00d好的;we好地。根据“a..singer”"可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词singer,应用good;根据“he can't dance..”可知,此处应用副词修饰动词dance,应用well,故选D。
(2) Simon is so ______ to see the ______ movie.
A.bored; bored
B.boring; bored
C.bored; boring
D.boring; bore
【答案】C
【详解】句意:西蒙看这部无聊的电影感到很厌烦。
考查形容词的用法。bored感到厌烦的,修饰人;boring无聊的,修饰物;bore令人厌烦,动词。根据“Simon is so”可知,此处指的是对电影感到厌烦,填bored;第二空修饰“movie”,用boring,作定语。故选C。
(3) —You look _________ today. Why?
—My father is coming back home from Xinjiang. I miss him very much.
A.happy
B.happily
C.sad
D.sadly
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--你今天看起来很开心。为什么?--我父亲要从新疆回家了。我非常想念他。考查形容词和副词辨析。happy开心的,形容词;happily开心地,副词;sad伤心的,形容词;sadly伤心地,根据“You look..today.”可知,空格处缺形容词,用形容词作表语,排除BD选项;再由“My father is coming back home from Xinjiang. I miss him very much.”可知,此处说的是看起来很开心。故选A。
(4) They are making some delicious bread ________, and it makes them ________.
A.happy; happy
B.happy; happily
C.happily; happy
D.happily; happily
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他们正开心地做着美味的面包,这让他们很开心。
考查形容词和副词。happy开心的(形容词);happily开心地(副词)。题干前半句“They are making some delicious bread"表示他们正在做美味的面包,句子结构完整,因此第一空是状语,要用副词happily,修饰动词making;后半句句子结构未完整,固定搭配“make sb.+adj.”表示“使某人……”",第二个空应填形容词happy,表示“使他们开心”。故选C。
(5) If you want to be ________, you should keep ________ every day.
A.healthy; happy
B.health; happily
C.health; happy
D.healthy; happily
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你想要健康,你应该每天保持快乐。
考查词汇辨析。healthy健康的,形容词;happy高兴的,形容词;happily高兴地,副词;health健康,名词。根据“If you want to be"可知,be后要用形容词,排除BC选项;再根据“you should keep..every day."可知,keep是系动词,后接形容词作表语,故第二空也要用形容词,排除D选项。故选A。
(6) We must keep our classroom ______.
A.clean
B.cleaning
C.to clean
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们必须保持教室干净。
考查形容词的用法。分析题干可知,本题考查“keep+名词+形容词“结构,意为“保持.….处于某种状态”,所以空处应选形容词clean。故选A。
(7) Our teacher has ________ to tell me.
A.something interesting
B.interesting something
C.something interested
D.interested something
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们的老师有一些有趣的事情要告诉我。
考查不定代词及形容词用法。interesting是形容词,有趣的,修饰物或物作主语;interested是形容词,感兴趣的,修饰人;根据“Our teacher has..to tell me.”"可知,空处指“一些有趣的事情”,需形容词interesting,形容词修饰不定代词要后置,故选A。
(8) My friend Sally has ________ hair.
A.beautiful black long
B.black beautiful long
C.black long beautiful
D.beautiful long black
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我的朋友萨莉有一头美丽的黑色长发。
考查形容词语序。beautiful美丽的;black黑色的;long长的,多个形容词作定语修饰同一个名词时,其顺序通常为“限定词+描绘性形容词+大小+形状+年龄+新日+颜色+国籍+材料”,根据常识可知,beautiful为描绘性形容词;long为形状类的形容词;black为颜色类的形容词。故选D。
(9) —What is in the box?
—It is Lucy’s _________ .
A.white new skirt
B.new red shoes
C.blue new hat
D.new yellow coat
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--盒子里是什么?--它是Lucy的黄色新外套,
考查形容词的顺序及名词辨析。英语中,多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的顺序是:限定词、描绘、形状、新旧、颜色、产地、材料、名词;句中的new,新的,表示新日;句中的white/red/yellow,都表示颜色,故应是先“新的”后“颜色”,故排除A、C项;又根据主语“1t”可知,空处名词应是单数形式,故排除B项,故选D。
(10) —Would you like to tell me ________ important news?
—Sorry, I don’t want to tell you ________ news today.
A.some; some
B.some; any
C.any; any
D.any; some
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--你能告诉我一些重要消息吗?--对不起,今天我不想告诉你任何消息。
考查some和any的用法,第一个句子是一般疑问句,希望得到肯定回答,用some;第二个句子是否定句,用any。故选B。
可数名词的复数形式
1. 可数名词是表示可以计数的单个物体、人、想法等的名词。可数名词前可以直接加a/an或数词。
如:an orange 一个橙子;six oranges 六个橙子
a school 一个学校; some schools 一些学校
2. 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词单数变复数规则如下:
(1) 规则变化:
· 一般情况直接在词尾加-s。如:pencil→pencils; animal→animals
· 以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。如:box→boxes; class→classes
· 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改为i,再加-es。如:city→cities; baby→babies
注意:toy, monkey等以元音字母+y结尾,变复数时直接在词尾加-s。
· 以-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe改为v,再加-es。如:leaf→leaves叶子; knife→knives刀
· 以-o结尾的名词,一般生物加-es,非生物加-s。如:tomato→tomatoes;photo→photos
注意:很多动物名词以o结尾,但变复数时在词尾加s。如:hippo(河马)→hippos;rhino(犀牛)→rhinos;
flamingo(火烈鸟)→flamingos
(2) 不规则变化:
· 单复数同形(单数和复数形式一样)
以下可数名词,单复数同形:Chinese; Japanese; deer(鹿); fish(鱼); sheep
· 改变元音字母
a-e 类:man→men; woman→women
oo→ee类:foot→feet; tooth→teeth(牙齿); goose→geese
其他:mouse→mice(老鼠)
· 添加辅音字母
child→children; ox→oxen(公牛)
3. 复合名词的复数形式
由两个名词共同构成的名词是复合名词
(1) 在变复数时,一般把后面的名词变为复数,前面的名词用单数。
(2) 如果前面的名词是man,woman,变复数时,man,woman也要变成复数形式。
如:an apple tree一棵苹果树;three apple trees 三棵苹果树
a man teacher 一名男教师;four men teachers 四名男教师
[随学随练]
写出下列名词的复数形式。
(1) fox
foxes
(2) giraffe
giraffes
(3) mouse
mice
(4) shark
sharks
(5) sheep
sheep
(6) bear
bears
(7) potato
potatoes
(8) glass(玻璃杯)
glasses
(9) monkey
monkeys
(10) woman
women
(11) foot
feet
(12) tooth
teeth
(13) baby
babies
(14) monkey
monkeys
(15) knife
knives
(16) hippo
hippos
(17) child
children
(18) watch
watches
单项填空。
(1) Jim and Lucy are not in the same ________, but they are good ________.
A.class; friend
B.class; friends
C.classes; friends
【答案】B
【详解】句意:吉姆和露西不在同一个班级,但他们是好朋友。考查名词单复数。根据“not in the same”可知,the same后用单数名词“class”;根据“they are good"可知,空格处应填复数名词“fiends”。故选B。
(2) Look! There are four ________ and two lions in the zoo.
A.deers
B.fox
C.wolf
D.wolves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:看!动物园里有四只狼和两只狮子,
考查名词的复数形式。deer鹿,其复数形式也是deer,故A项错误;fox 狐狸,复数形式为f0xes;wolf狼;wolves狼(复数)。根据“There are four...”可知,横线处需填复数形式。故选D。
(3) Uncle Li has a farm. There some are ______ on the farm.
A.chicken and sheeps
B.chickens and sheeps
C.chickens and sheep
D.chicken and sheep
【答案】C
【详解】句意:李叔叔有一个农场。农场里有一些鸡和羊。
考查名词单复数。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,chicken意为“鸡”时是可数名词,其复数形式为chickens,sheep“羊”,单复数同形。故选C。
(4) On those ________, there are many apples.
A.apples trees
B.apple trees
C.apples tree
D.apples’ trees
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在那些苹果树上,有很多苹果。
考查复合名词的复数。those后接可数名词复数,名词短语apple tree表示“苹果树”,其中tree为核心词,变复数时,将tree变为复数形式即可,即apple trees。故选B。
(5) There are more and more(越来越多的) ________ in the hospitals now.
A.man nurse
B.men nurses
C.men nurse
D.man nurses
【答案】B
【详解】句意:现在医院中有越来越多的男性护士。
考查名词复数。根据“There are more and more”可知,空处需要用复数形式,在英语中,当man或woman作定语来修饰另一个名词时该复合名词变为复数形式时,man变为men,woman变women,同时被修饰的名词也变为相应的复数形式。故选B。
(6) I can find some ________, many ________ and cows on the farm.
A.geese; sheeps
B.goose; sheep
C.geese; sheep
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我在农场里发现了一些鹅、许多羊和牛
考查名词的数。geese鹅,名词复数;sheep羊,名词,单复数同形。根据“some”和“many"可知,两个空都应填名词复数形式。故选C。
用所给词的正确形式填空。
(1) How many ________(child) are there in your school?
(2) The boy ate some ________ (tomato).
(3) The ________ (baby chicken)are playing in the sun. How lovely they are!
(4) Some ________(photo)are on the wall.
(5) I make some new friends. Some are ________(American). The others are ________(Japanese).
(6) I need another three ________(box).
(7) Eight ________(monkey)are climbing trees.
(8) Tony, put your ________(toy) away. They’re everywhere on the floor.
(9) Do you know how many ________(tooth) a horse has and how many ________ (foot)a bee has?
(10) Some________(women teacher) are talking about the coming school year.
【答案】
(1) children
(2) tomatoes
(3) baby chickens
(4) photos
(5) Americans; Japanese
(6) boxes
(7) monkeys
(8) toys
(9) teeth; feet
(10) women teachers
2、 单元语法基础练习
1. 单项填空
(1) —________ are lions from?
—They are from South Africa.
A.Why
B.What
C.When
D.Where
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--狮子来自哪里?--它们来自南非。
考查特殊疑问词。Why为什么;What什么;When什么时候;Where在哪里,根据“They are from South Africa.”"可知问的是狮子来自哪个地方,故选D。
(2) —________ animals are there on your grandparents’ farm?
—Twenty.
A.How much
B.How old
C.How long
D.How many
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--你祖父母的农场里有多少动物?--20只。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少,对不可数名词的数量提问;How old多少岁,询问年龄;How long多久,多长时间,询问频率;How many多少,对可数名词复数提问。根据“Twenty"可知,此处询问的是数量,animals是可数名词复数,用How many提问。故选D。
(3) —________ does your best friend Tina like?
—She likes pandas. She thinks they are cute.
A.What club
B.What color
C.What sports
D.What animals
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--你最好的朋友蒂娜喜欢什么动物?--她喜欢熊猫。她觉得它们很可爱。
考查特殊疑问词组,What club什么俱乐部;What color什么颜色;What sports什么运动;What animals什么动物。根据“She likes pandas”可知,此处询问的是动物,故选D。
(4) —________
—Because I think giraffes are kind of smart and cute.
A.What animals do you like?
B.Why don’t you like giraffes?
C.Why do you like giraffes?
D.Let’s see giraffes in the zoo!
【答案】C
【详解】句意:-你为什么喜欢长颈鹿?--因为我觉得长颈鹿有点聪明可爱。
考查特殊疑问句。What animals do you like你喜欢什么动物;Why don't you like giraffes你为什么不喜欢长颈鹿;Why do you like giraffes你为什么喜欢长颈鹿;Let's see giraffes in the zoo让我们看看动物园里的长颈鹿,根据"Because I think giraffes are kind of smart and cute.”可知,此处问的是喜欢长颈鹿的原因。故选C。
(5) —Where ________ the elephant come from?
—It ________ from Africa.
A.does;does
B.do;does
C.is;is
D.does;comes
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--这头大象来自哪里?--来自非洲。
考查助动词的用法和动词短语。分析问句可知,come是实义动词,主语the elephant是单数,疑问句需借助于助动词does,可排除BC选项;固定短语come from“来自”。故选D。
(6) The tigers in the zoo are really ________. When I see them, I will be too ________ to move.
A.scary; scary
B.scary; scared
C.scared; scared
D.scared; scary
【答案】B
【详解】句意:动物园里的老虎真的很吓人。当我看到它们时,我会害怕得不敢动。
考查形容词词义辨析。scary吓人的;scared害怕的。根据句意可知,第一个空表示老虎是“吓人的”,应用scary;第二个空表示人感到“害怕的”,应用scared。故选B。
(7) Children mustn’t swim in the river because it’ s_______________.
A.strong
B.interesting
C.dangerous
D.similar
【答案】C
【详解】句意:孩子们禁止在河里游泳,因为它很危险。
考查形容词词义辨析。A.strong强壮的;B.interesting有趣的;C,dangerous危险的;D.similar类似的。结合句意可知,答案为C。
(8) Jane’s parents look ________ because Jane gets the first prize (奖) in dancing.
A.angry
B.angrily
C.happy
D.happily
【答案】C
【详解】句意:简的父母看起来很开心,因为简跳舞比赛得了一等奖。
考查形容词作表语用法。look为看起来,后面加形容词做表语,因为B和D是副词,排除。A.angry 生气的;C. happy 开心的根据句子后面简得了一等奖可知,是开心的,故答案选C。
(9) It’s a piece of ________ news and we are all ________ at it.
A.surprising; surprise
B.surprising; surprised
C.surprised; surprising
D.surprised; surprise
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是一个令人惊讶的消息,我们都很惊讶
考查形容词辨析和形容词的用法。surprising令人惊讶的,形容物;surprised吃惊的,形容人;surprise惊讶,名词。第一个空修饰名词news,用surprising;第二个空作表语,形容人,用surprised。故选B。
(10) —What do you think of the question?
—I find it quite ________. I can find out the answer ________.
A.easy; easy
B.easily; easily
C.easily; easy
D.easy; easily
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--你认为这个问题怎么样?--我发现它非常难,我不能很容易地找到答案。
考查形容词和副词。easy形容词,简单的,容易的;easily副词,简单地,容易地。第一个空find it+形容词“发现某物是怎样的”,形容词作宾语补足语,形容词easy;第二空修饰find out the answer,副词修饰动词,用easily。故选D。
(11) The girl always tries to make herself ________.
A.happily
B.lovely
C.differently
D.carefully
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个女孩总是试图让自己可爱。
考查形容词作补语用法。happily高兴地,副词;lovely可爱的,形容词;differently不同地,副词;carefully仔细地,认真地,副词。“make sb.+形容词”意为“使某人处于某种状态”,其中形容词作宾语补足语,所以空处应选形容词。故选B。
(12) —Must we keep our mouths ________ all the time when we see a dentist?
—No, you don’t have to.
A.open
B.opened
C.to open
D.opening
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--我们看牙医的时候一定要一直张着嘴吗?--不,你不需要。
考查形容词作补语的用法。open“开,打开”,动词;“开着的”,形容词。根据"Must we keep our mouths ..all the time when we sec a dentist?"可知,此处指使嘴巴处于一直开着的状态,keep sth.adj.“使某物.”。故选A。
(13) Doing exercise helps people stay ________ and ________.
A.healthy; happiness
B.health; happy
C.healthy; happy
D.health; happiness
【答案】C
【详解】句意:做运动帮助人们保持健康和快乐。
考查词义辨析。healthy健康的,形容词;happiness快乐,名词;health健康,名词;happy快乐的,形容词。stay后面要加形容词,表示保持某种状态。故选C。
(14) There are two _______ and six _______ in the zoo.
A.kangaroos; wolfs
B.kangaroos; wolves
C.kangarooes; wolves
D.kangarooes; wolfs
【答案】B
【详解】句意:动物园里面有两只袋鼠六头狼。
考查名词变复数。kangaroo的复数形式是在词尾直接加s,wolf的复数形式是去掉f变v,再加es,故选B。
(15) Here are many_______ and________.
A.tomato;sandwiches
B.tomatoes;sandwichs
C.tomatoes;sandwiches
D.tomatos;sandwichs
【答案】C
【详解】试题分析:句意为:这有许多西红柿和三明治。
考查名词的单复数。在英语中,西红柿和三明治都是可数名词,因此都有复数形式。tomato的复数是tomatoes,sandwich的复数是sandwiches。故选C。
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空是句意完整正确。
(1) —Where is your friend from?
—She is from the USA.
(2) —What do you like to do at weekends?
—I enjoy reading in the library.
(3) —Why do you like this book?
—Because it’s interesting.
(4) —How does it look?
—It is of medium height and a little fat.
(5) —What do they look like?
—They are tall and thin.
(6) —Where do they live?
—They live in London.
(7) Everyone was amazed (amaze)when they heard the amazing (amaze) news.
(8) Oh, what a boring (bore)class! I really feel bored(bore).
(9) —What about having some Cola?
—Cola is not healthy(health). Let’s have some apple juice. That tastes good(well).
(10) I didn’t feel (well) this morning. So I was late(late) for school.
(11) Ms Gao works hard to make the class interesting (interest).
(12) We must care about our health (health)and try to make us healthy (health). It is important to eat healthy(health) food.
(13) Different people have different lives (life).
(14) David brushes his teeth(tooth) after getting up and before going to bed.sheep
(15) —Are these boxes (box) yours?
—Yes, they are. Thanks.
(16) Sometimes cats sleep with eyes open and catch mice (mouse) at night.
(17) I can see two sheep (sheep) and some fish (fish) in the picture.
(18) Look at those baby monkeys (baby monkey).They’re so lovely (love).
(19) I like eating vegetables (vegetable) because they are healthy.
(20) Some people kill sharks (shark) for their meat.
3、 单元语法提升练习
1. 翻译对话
(1) A:你最喜欢的动物是什么?
B:是长颈鹿。
A:你为什么喜欢它们?
B:因为我觉得它们可爱,并且看起来很有趣。
A:
B:
A:
B:
【答案】
A: What’s your favourite animal?
B: It’s the giraffe.
A: Why do you like them?
B: Because I think they’re cute and look funny/interesting.
(2) A:狮子来自哪里?
B:它们来自非洲。
A:你喜欢狮子吗?
B:我不喜欢它们。
A:你为什么不喜欢它们。
B:因为他们看起来有点可怕,并且狮子是很危险的动物。
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
【答案】
A: Where do lions come from?
B: They come from Africa.
A: Do you like lions?
B: I don't like them.
A: Why don't you like them?
B: Because they look a little scary, and lions are very dangerous animals.
2. 补全对话
(1) 根据对话内容,在下面的空白处填入适当的词,使对话的意思完整与正确。每空一词。
A: Hi, Mary! Nice to meet you!
B: Laura! Nice to meet you, 1 .
A: Where do you want to go now?
B: Let’s 2 the pandas.
A: The pandas? 3 do you like pandas?
B: Because they are very cute, and they’re the national treasure (国宝) of China. But 4 very shy.
A: Yes. Do you know where they are from?
B: They are from Sichuan, China.
A: Yes, you’re right. Let’s go to see the pandas now.
B: OK. But 5 are they?
A: Over there.
B: All right. Let’s go.
【答案】
【小题1】too
【小题2】see
【小题3】why
【小题4】they're
【小题5】where
【分析】文章大意:本文主要是对话双方约定去看熊猫以及对能猫的讨论。
【小题1】根据上文Nice to meet you!结合Nice to meet you,...可知此处表达的是我也很高兴认识你,故填too.
【小题2】根据上文Where do you want to go now?"是询问对方想去哪儿,结合后文Let’s go to see the pandas now.可判断此处的含义是建议去看能猫。see“看”,动词,let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,为固定搭配,故填see。
【小题3】根据下文Because they are very cute, and they're the national treasure(国宝)of China."可判断此处是询问为什么喜欢熊猫,故填Why。
【小题4】根据上文Because they are very cute, and they're the national treasure(国宝)of China.”因为它们很可爱,而且它们是中国的国宝,结合But...very shy.判断此处表达的是它们非常害羞,they“它们”,复数,因此be动词用are,可缩写为they're,故填they're。
【小题5】根据下文over there“在那里”,可知此空所在句子是询问“在哪里”,故填where。
(2) 根据所给对话,填写适当的内容,使其完整、正确 (每空词数不限)。
Mike: Hey, Jane! 1 ?
Jane: It’s an ad (广告) for a zoo.
Mike: For a zoo? I love the zoo!
Jane: Me, too. 2 ?
Mike: Because of the animals. I like the monkeys, rhinos, egrets(鹭鸶)and so on.
Jane: 3 ?
Mike: White egrets are my favourite.
Jane: They’re cute. I like watching them fly.
Mike: 4 , Jane?
Jane: I like elephants best. They can eat for about 16 hours a day!
Mike: Really? That’s interesting.
Jane: Let’s go to the zoo this weekend.
Mike: 5 . See you this weekend.
Jane: See you then.
【答案】
【小题1】What's that / this
【小题2】Why/Why do you like the zoo
【小题3】What kind of egrets do you like best
【小题4】How about you / What animals do you like best
【小题5】OK/Good idea
【导语】本文是一段对话,对话中讨论了两人对于动物园以及喜欢的动物的看法。
【小题1】根据It's an ad(广告)for a zoo.可知,设空处应该问对方这/那是什么。故填What's that / this。
【小题2】根据Because of the animals.可知,设空处应该问对方为什么喜欢动物园。故填Why/Why do you like the zoo。
【小题3】根据White egrets are my favourite可知,设空处应该问对方最喜欢哪种动物,故填What kind of egrets do you like best。
【小题4】根据I like elephants best.可知,此处是询问对方最喜欢什么动物,故填How about yow/What animals do you like best。
【小题5】根据Let's go to the zoo this weekend以及See you this weekend可知,设空处应该对对方的提议表示赞同,故填OK/Good idea.
3. 语篇填空
(1) 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Wolves live in the northern half of the world. They can live in forests on open plains (平原), or in the snows of the Arctic (北极). They look 1 big dogs, with long legs and a wide head. In fact, all of our dogs probably came from wolves many years ago.
They are about two meters long, and 2 (be) about three quarters of a meter tall. If a wolf gets enough food, it can weigh about 40 to 50 kilograms. Wolves usually eat small animals such as 3 (mouse) and rabbits. But they also hunt(捕猎) together 4 (try) to kill big animals. If they catch and kill a big animal, they eat as much as they can. Then they may not eat for up to two weeks.
Wolves live in groups. There are about six to eight wolves in 5 group. Only one pair of wolves will have cubs (幼崽), 6 all the members of the group will help to feed and look after the cubs. If the cubs are in danger, the whole group will protect(保护) 7 (they).
People often think that wolves are 8 (danger) animals, but this is not true. wild wolves are usually afraid of humans. If you are in a forest and see a wolf, perhaps it will run away from you.
【答案】
【小题1】like
【小题2】are
【小题3】mice
【小题4】to try
【小题5】a/one
【小题6】but
【小题7】them
【小题8】dangerous
【导语】本文介绍了狼的外貌及生活习性。
【小题1】句意:它们看起来像大狗,长着长腿和宽头。根据”...big dogs”可知,此处是表达“看起来像大狗”,用短语look like,此处用介词like。故填like。
【小题2】句意:它们大约有两米长,四分之三米高。空处与前面句子共用主语they,介绍一般情况,句子用一般现在时,所以系动词用are。故填are。
【小题3】句意:狼通常吃小动物,如老鼠和兔子。根据后面并列名词“rabbits”可知,此处用名词复数形式,mouse的复数形式是mice。故填mice。
【小题4】句意:但它们也会一起捕猎,试图杀死大型动物。空处应该用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to try。【小题5】句意:一群狼大约有6到8只。根据Wolves live in groups可知,此处是表达“在一群中用6到8只”,用a/one来表达“一”。故填a/one。
【小题6】句意:只有一对狼会有幼崽,但狼群的所有成员都会帮助喂养和照顾幼崽。前句与后句之间存在转折关系,所以此处用but。故填but。
【小题7】句意:如果幼患有危险,整个狼群都会保护它们。动词protect后用人称代词宾格,they的宾格形式是em。故填them。
【小题8】句意:人们经常认为狼是危险的动物,但这不是真的。空处应该用形容词修饰后面名词animals,danger的形容词形式是dangerous。故填dangerous.
(2) 请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在横线上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Do you like animals? I like them very much. My favourite animals are penguins 1 they are very cute. My friend David likes penguins, 2 . There are seventeen kinds of penguins in the 3 . Six kinds of penguins live 4 Antarctica. Penguins are a 5 of birds but they can’t fly. Penguins like 6 at sea. And most penguins like to live in open water with no ice. All the penguins are 7 at swimming. They can swim 160 km a day. Penguins are also good at running. They run 8 . Penguins can talk to each other by singing loudly. But most of 9 don’t talk all the time. A penguin eats about 4 kilos of food a week. It 10 shrimps (虾) and little fish for food. Do you like penguins?
【答案】
【小题1】because
【小题2】too
【小题3】the
【小题4】in
【小题5】kind
【小题6】swimming
【小题7】good
【小题8】songs
【小题9】them
【小题10】catches
【导语】本文作者介绍了最喜欢的动物企鹅的生活习性。
【小题!】句意:我最喜欢的动物是企鹅,因为它们很可爱,they are very cute是表“喜欢企鹅”的原因,此处用because“因为”引导原因状语从句。故填because。
【小题2】句意:我的朋友大卫也喜欢企鹅。根据上文“我最喜欢的动物是企鹅”可知,此处指“大卫也喜欢企鹅”,空格位于句末,有逗号与句子隔开,填too“也”。故填too。
【小题3】句意:全世界有17种企鹅。根据all over和world可知此处指“全世界”,表达为all over the world。故填the。
【小题4】句意:六种企鹅生活在南极洲。根据live和Antarctica可知,此处指“生活在南极洲”;live in“居住在.……”。故填in。
【小题5】句意:企鹅是一种鸟,但它们不会飞。根据Penguins和of birds可知,此处指“企鹅是一种鸟”;a kind of“一种”。故填kind.
【小题6】句意:所有的企鹅都擅长游泳。根据下文They can swim 160 km a day.可知,此处指“企鹅都擅长游泳”;swim“游泳”;be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”,填动名词。故填swimming。
【小题7】句意:企鹅也擅长跑步。根据They run fast.可知,企鹅也擅长跑步;be good at“擅长”。故填good。
【小题8】句意:企鹅可以通过唱歌互相交谈。根据sing可知此处指“唱歌”;song“歌曲”,名词作宾语;sing songs“唱歌”,复数名词表泛指。故填songs。
【小题9】句意:但它们中的大多数(企鹅)并不总是交谈。上文“企鹅可以通过唱歌互相交谈”;but表上下文句意转折,可知此处指“但它们中的大多数(企鹅)并不总是交谈”;most of后接宾格them“它们”,指代“企鹅”。故填them。
【小题10】句意:它捕虾和小鱼作为食物。根据“for food"可知此处指“捕虾和小鱼作为食物’’;catch“捕捉”,句子陈述一种客观事实,用一般现在时,主语it是单数第三人称,谓语动词用单三形式。故填catches。
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