UNIT 8 LITERATURE 单元综合提升-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（北师大版2019）

单元综合提升 …………………………………………………………………………………◎ 1．recite vi.&vt.　　　 背诵；朗诵 2．setting n. (书、影片等中情节发生的)背景；环境 3．stare vi. 凝视，盯着看 4．slip vi. 溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒 5．sweep vt.&vi. 扫，打扫 n. 挥动；打扫 6．wander vi.&vt. 徘徊，闲逛；漫步于 7．stretch vi.&vt. 延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长 8．glance n. 一瞥，很快的一看 vi. 一瞥，看一眼 9．wave n. 海浪，波涛；(行为、活动或感情的)一阵，风潮 vi.&vt. 挥动，摆动；挥手 10．gaze vi.&n. 凝视，盯着看；注视 11．sink vi.&vt. 下沉，沉没 12．ease n. 轻易，毫不费劲 13．grab vt. 攫取，抓住 14．drown vi.&vt. (使)淹死，(使)溺毙 15．strike vi.&vt. 打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n. 罢工；打击 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… 1．She was found several hours later，wandering in the street，lost. 2．It was while his father was sleeping that the boy slipped out of his room. 3．The ship sank to the bottom of the sea because of the terrible storm，killing all passengers on board. 4．She dropped her eyes and stared at her feet，hoping no one would notice how embarrassed she was. 5．Several swimmers have been drowned in the sea recently.So I don't approve of your going swimming alone. …………………………………………………………………………………◎ 1．drama n．戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件→dramatic adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的→dramatically adv.显著地；戏剧性地 2．romance n．爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情→romantic adj.浪漫的；爱情的 3．stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的→stimulate vt.激发；促进；刺激→stimulation n．刺激；兴奋 学生用书第78页 4.absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的→absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收→absorbed adj.专心致志的；精神集中的→absorption n．吸引；全神贯注；吸收 5．literary adj.文学的→ literature n．文学 6．historical adj.历史的→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→history n．历史，历史学 7．submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递→submission n．屈从；屈服；意见；提交；提交的文件 8．registration n．登记，注册→register vt.&vi.登记，注册 9．crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的 10．frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的→freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→freeze v．冰冻 11．violent adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的→violence n．暴力；激烈的力量→violently adv.激烈地；凶猛地，暴力地 12．desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切→desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地 13．preservation n．维护；保护；保持，维持；保存→preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区 14．unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的→conscious adj.神志清醒的，有意识的；意识到→consciousness n．清醒状态，知觉 15．evidently adv.明显地，显然→evident adj.明显的；明白的→evidence n．证据；根据 16．construction n．建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑→construct vt.建设；修建→constructive adj.建设性的 17．comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n．舒适感，满足感→comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的→comfortably adv.舒服地；舒适地 18．emotional adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的→emotion n．感情；情感；情绪→emotionally adv.情感上地 19．poison n．毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀→poisonous adj.有毒的 20．forgive vt.&vi.原谅，宽恕，饶恕→forgiveness n．原谅 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… 1．In modern times，people have to learn to live with all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable (comfort) life. 2．If they have problems with registration(register)，they can rely on Mr Wilson to assist them. 3．The conference came to a close with an emotional(emotion) speech. 4．The tricky criminal(crime) didn't leave behind any traces of his crime. 5．It's freezing(freeze) outside，and put on your winter coat. 6．①When deeply absorbed (absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. ②Children will find other exhibits equally absorbing (absorb). 7．①He has made a complete transformation from a comedian into a dramatic(drama) actor. ②While computers have dramatically (dramatic) increased efficiency，they have also provided the ultimate in distraction. 8．The soldiers fought desperately(desperate) because they were desperate for a victory. 9．We found further scientific evidence(evident) for this theory. 10．You can choose to forgive someone who has hurt you even if they do not deserve or ask for forgiveness．(forgive) 11．The paintings are in an excellent state of preservation．That is to say，they are well preserved．(preserve) 学生用书第79页 …………………………………………………………………………………◎ 1．stare_at　　　　　　　　　 盯着……看 2．in_an_attempt_to_do 试图做某事 3．make_up_one's_mind 下定决心 4．be_tired_of 厌烦…… 5．hear_of 听说，获悉 6．long_to_do 渴望做某事 7．hold_on 坚持住 8．fill_up_with 充满 9．all_at_once 突然 10．at_a_glance 一瞥 11．in_desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地 12．be_filled_with 充满 13．depend_on 取决于；依赖；依靠 14．with_ease 熟练地；不费力地 15．at_fault 有过错，应当负责 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… 1．He came back tiredly and told his family he had helped the seedlings grow much taller all_at_once． 2．In_an_attempt_to tackle the problem，the government，along with us individuals，should take some effective measures. 3．He was in_desperation when he found all his belongings missing. 4．We live in an age when more information is available with_ease． 5．That rich man is_tired_of city life，so he is content to live in the country. 6．From your letter，I know that you long_to get some details about my assistance. 7．When a quarrel happens in a family，it is very hard to say who is at_fault． …………………………………………………………………………………◎ 1．This is/was the＋序数词＋time that...“这是第……次……” Hello，this is the first time that I have come to this library. 2．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning. 3．so...that...“如此……以至于……” The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 4．形容词作状语 ...my chest collapsed—my eyes closed，unconscious. 5．独立主格结构 Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine. 学生用书第80页 6.完全倒装 Then came the sound of a heavy door opening，and two seamen appeared. ◎………………………………………………………………………………… 1．这是你第一次来中国，难怪你对我们的餐桌文化感到困惑。 No wonder you are confused about our table manners，for this_is_the_first_time_that_you have_been_to_China． 2．如果我发现一位老人因交通事故躺在地上，我一定会跑过去帮忙。 If I find_an_old_man_lying_on_the_ground in a traffic accident，I will surely run to help. 3．我太激动了，想马上打开它。 I was_so_excited_that I wanted to open it right now. 4．简天一亮就起床了，又饿又渴。 Jane rose at the break of day，hungry_and_thirsty． 5．这个天真的女孩打开了精致的礼品盒，她的心狂跳不止。 The innocent girl unwrapped her delicate gift box，her_heart_beating_wildly． 6．沿途全是大树。如果累了我们可以在树荫处乘凉。 Along_the_road_are_tall_trees．We can relax in the shade if we're tired. 语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇) James，a young fellow 1.who likes the literary works，enjoys reading fictions，poetry，and folk stories.Besides，he likes 2.watching (watch)dramas because the plots of them are always absorbing and stimulating.Sometimes he acts in a play.Once he got a chance 3.to_act (act)as an extra(群众演员).He wandered backwards and forwards on a 4.frozen(freeze) lake with his body wrapped in a dirty blanket.Then he 5.slipped (slip)suddenly.Another time he acted as a seaman sailing 6.in the icy bay.His clothing fluttered in the cold wind and 7.flakes (flake)of snow struck him in the face.The waves were so violent that he 8.was_tossed (toss)into the water and nearly drowned.He began to sink.In 9.desperation(desperate)，he grabbed a board.He was unconscious when he was saved at daybreak.What 10.an adventure！ “We regret to inform you...” These are the words that every writer dreads receiving，but words every writer knows well.The response① from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it，their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.You may have spent years giving up② your weekends and free time to write your life's work，yet still this is often not enough.Everyone knows that success rarely③ happens overnight，but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection. 学生用书第81页 Take for example J．K.Rowling.When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers，and stuck it on her kitchen wall.Rowling had spent years surviving on little money，spending all her time writing.When she finally finished her first book，she received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”，“too long”，“Children would not be interested in it”．Nevertheless，she persevered④.“I wasn't going to give up until every single publisher turned me down，but I often feared that would happen，” she later posted.After a total of twelve rejections，one publisher eventually⑤ agreed to print 500 copies of her first book，and as we know，Harry Potter became a global success，with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than⑥ seventy different languages. (节选自外研选择性必修第一册Unit 2) [词汇积累] ①response n．响应；反应；回答 ②give up 放弃；投降；认输 ③rarely adv.很少地；难得；罕有地 ④persevere vi.坚持 ⑤eventually adv.最后，终于 ⑥more than 不只是；很；超过 [佳句欣赏] When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers，and stuck it on her kitchen wall. 分析：本句为主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句。 译文：当她收到她的第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有一些共同之处，并把它贴在了厨房的墙上。 [阅读回答] 阅读文本，回答以下问题 1．What do you know about J．K.Rowling according to the passage? A．When she received her first rejection letter，she decided to ask her favourite writers for help. B．Rowling's publishers refused to publish her novel because it was not attractive to children. C．One publisher eventually agreed to print 5，000 copies of her first novel. D．Rowling has been confident in her own novels. 2．What does the sentence in Paragraph 2 “When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers...” mean? A．She decided to remain poor for a long time. B．She decided not to give up like her favourite writers. C．She decided to receive a lot of rejection letters. D．She decided to publish her novel on her own account. 答案：1－2　DB 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Carter Druse was born in Virginia.He loved his parents，his home and the south.But he loved his country，too.And in 1861，when the US was divided by a terrible war，Carter Druse，a southerner，decided to join the army of the north. He told his father about his decision one morning at breakfast.The old man looked at his only son for a moment，too shocked to speak.Then he said，“Please don't tell your mother about your decision.She is sick，and we both know she has only a few weeks to live.” Carter's father paused，again looking deep into his son's eyes.“Carter，” he said，“No matter what happens，be sure that you always do what you think is your duty.” 学生用书第82页 Both Carter Druse and his father left the table that morning with broken hearts.And Carter soon left his home and everyone he deeply loved behind. One sunny afternoon，a few months later，Carter Druse was sent to guard a road which was only a few miles from an enemy's base.It began in a forest，down in the valley，and climbed up the side of a huge rock.Anyone standing on the top of this high rock would be able to see down into the valley. Hidden in the valley's forest were thousands of Carter's fellow soldiers.They had marched for thirty­six hours.Now they were resting. Their plan was to attack by surprise their enemy on the other side of the valley.But if their enemy learned about the army hiding in the forest，the soldiers would find themselves in a trap with no escape.That was why Carter Druse had been sent to guard the road and it was his duty to be sure that no enemy soldier spied on the valley，where the army of the north was hiding. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Suddenly，he saw a man on horseback standing on the huge rock.___________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ At that instant，the horseman turned his head and looked in Carter's direction._________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 一审——审要素 背景Setting When&Where in 1861，One sunny afternoon，in Virginia 角色Characters Who Carter Druse，father 情节Plot What He told his father about his decision one morning at breakfast. No matter what happens，be sure that you always do what you think is your duty. Both Carter Druse and his father left the table that morning with broken hearts． Hidden in the valley's forest were thousands of Carter's fellow soldiers． Why His mother is sick． The soldiers would find themselves in a trap with no escape. 情感Feeling How shocked→broken hearts 学生用书第83页 二定——定主题：正能量原则 原文依据 Carter's father paused，again looking deep into his son's eyes.“Carter，” he said，“No matter what happens，be sure that you always do what you think is your duty．” 主题 As a soldier，in the execution of the task，Carter decided to perform the duties of the military. 三推测——两步段首句定发展：三衔接原则 (一)标出段首句的关键词 第一段：Suddenly，he saw a man on horseback standing on the huge rock. 第二段：At that instant，the horseman turned his head and looked in Carter's direction. (二)基于三衔接原则：利用复现、代词指代及过渡衔接词三大方法做好衔接。 ①由第一段首句内容“突然，他看见一个骑马的人站在那块巨大的岩石上。”可知，第一段可描写卡特看到一名骑士，准备向他射击。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，骑士转过头来，看着卡特的方向。”可知，第二段可描写骑士是卡特的父亲，卡特的心理变化以及卡特最后做出的决定。 ③由此可推测第一段的结局：卡特举起枪，瞄准了骑士的心。第二段的结局：通过此次经历，作者体会到：在战场上，即使遇见自己的亲人也要义无反顾地开枪。 四构思——每段三个微情节原则 第一段 情节 看见一个骑马的人； 站在巨石上； 看山谷； 惊慌失措； 举起枪； 瞄准骑士的心。 动作链 站→看→举起→瞄准 心理描写 alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的 第二段 情节 骑士转过头； 朝卡特的方向望去； 卡特的脸变得苍白； 身体颤抖； 父亲似乎看到卡特的脸和眼睛； 卡特想起父亲的话； 卡特瞄准男子的心脏，开枪。 动作链 转过头→望→瞄准→开枪 心理描写 white adj.(脸色)苍白的 shake v．颤抖 faint adj.晕眩的 五成文——连句成篇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Suddenly，he saw a man on horseback standing on the huge rock.The rider and his horse stood so still that it seemed that they were made of stone.Carter could not see the man's face，because the rider was looking down into the valley.Carter was alarmed.He raised his gun and aimed for the horseman's heart. At that instant，the horseman turned his head and looked in Carter's direction.Carter's face became very white.His entire body began shaking.It was his father，who seemed to look at Carter's face and into his eyes.Brave and strong as he was，Carter almost fainted from the shock of what he had seen.But in his head rang the last words his father ever spoke to him，“No matter what happens，be sure that you always do what you think is your duty.” Carter Druse took aim at the man's heart and fired. Tang Poetry 唐诗 Tang poetry refers to poetry written during the Tang Dynasty (618－907)，when the feudal society of China met its unprecedented prosperity.Large numbers of poets emerged and the two most celebrated among them are Li Bai and Du Fu，who are hard to surpass，and perhaps impossible to surpass.Li Bai，the representative of romantic poetry，with his rich imagination，spectacular style and smooth language，was spoken of as the “poet­immortal” by people of later generations.Du Fu，the representative of realistic poetry， 学生用书第84页 a keen observer of political and social scene，wrote with succinct language and a very high artistic skill.He was referred to as the “poet sage”． 唐诗指的是中国封建社会空前繁荣的唐朝时期(618－907)所写的诗歌。涌现了一大批诗人，其中最著名的是李白和杜甫，他们很难被超越，也许不可能被超越。李白作为浪漫诗歌的代表人物，以其丰富的想象力、壮观的风格和流畅的语言被后人称为“诗仙”。杜甫作为现实主义诗歌的代表人物，对政治和社会状况有着敏锐的洞察力，他的作品语言简言，具有很高的艺术技巧，他被尊称为“诗圣”。 According to the period of its development，Tang poetry can be divided into four periods，namely，the Early Tang period，the High Tang period，the Mid­Tang period and the Late Tang period.In the Early Tang period，poems began to develop the foundation，which is now considered to be the poetry with Tang style，and reached its acme in the High Tang period.In terms of formation，Tang poetry inherited the archaic style of Han and Wei folk songs and Yuefu poems，but also developed the modern style of poetry.Archaic poetry of the Tang Dynasty is mainly penta syllabic and hepta syllabic.The modern style poetry in Tang poetry are composed of two forms：lüshi(regulated verses) and jueju(quatrains).Regulated verses are subdivided into penta syllabic verses and hepta syllabic verses while quatrains are subdivided into penta syllabic quatrains and hepta syllabic quatrains.The modern style of Tang poetry is rigorously metrical.Tang poetry can be categorized into several schools including Landscape Pastoral Poetry，Frontier Fortress Poems，Romantic Poetry，Realistic Poetry，etc. 就发展阶段而言，唐诗一般分为初唐、盛唐、中唐及晚唐四个阶段。唐诗的样式，在初唐时期已经完备，到盛唐时期达到诗歌创作的巅峰。唐诗的形式多种多样，不仅继承了汉魏民歌、乐府古风传统，并且创造了近体诗的样式。唐代的古体诗有五古和七古。近体诗包括律诗和绝句。律诗和绝句又各有五言和七言的不同。唐代的近体诗有严格的格律要求。唐诗按照派别分为山水田园诗派、边塞诗派、浪漫诗派和现实诗派等。 Tang poetry is an important cultural heritage of China and the essence of the traditional Chinese culture. 唐诗是中国重要的文化遗产和中国传统文化的精华。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$