内容正文:
沪教牛津版新七下单词精讲精练U2
wine
音标:[waɪn]
词性词义:n.(名词)葡萄酒;果酒;酒;v.(动词)喝酒;请…… 喝酒
短语搭配:red wine(红葡萄酒),a glass of wine(一杯酒),drink wine(喝酒)
例句
My father likes to drink red wine with dinner.(我父亲喜欢在晚餐时喝红葡萄酒。)(wine 作名词)
They often wine and dine their clients.(他们经常宴请他们的客户。)(wine 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:____ is usually made from grapes.
A. Beer B. Wine C. Juice
(答案:B。解析:葡萄酒通常是由葡萄制成的,“Beer” 是啤酒,“Juice” 是果汁,都不符合题意,所以选 B。)
填空题:He ordered a bottle of ____ (wine) at the restaurant.
(答案:wine。解析:“a bottle of” 后接不可数名词或可数名词复数,“wine” 是不可数名词,此处表示一瓶酒,所以填 “wine”。)
cafe
音标:[ˈkæfeɪ]
词性词义:n.(名词)咖啡馆;小餐馆;咖啡店
短语搭配:go to a cafe(去咖啡馆),cafe culture(咖啡文化),outdoor cafe(露天咖啡馆)
例句
We often meet at the cafe near our school.(我们经常在学校附近的咖啡馆见面。)
She likes to read books in the cafe on weekends.(她喜欢在周末在咖啡馆里看书。)
即学即练:
选择题:If you want to drink coffee and relax, you can go to a ____.
A. library B. park C. cafe
(答案:C。解析:想喝咖啡放松应该去咖啡馆,“library” 是图书馆,“park” 是公园,都不符合喝咖啡放松的场景,所以选 C。)
填空题:There is a nice ____ (cafe) on the corner of the street.
(答案:cafe。解析:“a” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “cafe” 表示街道拐角处有一家不错的咖啡馆,所以填 “cafe”。)
coast
音标:[kəʊst]
词性词义:n.(名词)海岸;海滨;沿海地区;v.(动词)沿海岸航行;(沿着山坡)滑行
词性转换:coastal(形容词,沿海的;海岸的;靠近海岸的),coaster(名词,沿岸航行者;沿海居民;杯垫;雪橇),coastline(名词,海岸线;海岸地形)
短语搭配:on the coast(在海岸上;沿海),off the coast(离海岸;在近海),coast guard(海岸警卫队)
例句
We went to the coast to enjoy the beautiful beach.(我们去海岸享受美丽的海滩了。)(coast 作名词)
The ship coasted along the shore slowly.(船沿着海岸缓缓航行。)(coast 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:Many people like living ____ because they can enjoy the sea view.
A. in the mountains B. on the coast C. in the city
(答案:B。解析:人们喜欢住在海岸边是因为能欣赏海景,“in the mountains” 是在山里,“in the city” 是在城市里,都不符合欣赏海景的表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The beautiful ____ (coast) attracts a lot of tourists every year.
(答案:coast。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “coast” 表示美丽的海岸每年吸引很多游客,所以填 “coast”。)
excellent
音标:[ˈeksələnt]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)优秀的;杰出的;极好的
词性转换:excellence(名词,优秀;卓越;杰出)
短语搭配:an excellent student(一个优秀的学生),be excellent in(在…… 方面优秀)
例句
He is an excellent football player.(他是一名优秀的足球运动员。)
She did an excellent job in the exam.(她在考试中表现得非常出色。)
即学即练:
选择题:Tom got ____ grades in all subjects this semester.
A. poor B. good C. excellent
(答案:C。解析:得到所有科目都很好的成绩用 “excellent” 更能体现优秀程度,“poor” 是差的,“good” 虽然表示好但程度不如 “excellent”,所以选 C。)
填空题:The team won the game with ____ (excellence) teamwork.
(答案:excellent。解析:此处用形容词 “excellent” 修饰名词 “teamwork”,表示凭借出色的团队合作赢得比赛,所以填 “excellent”。)
lie
音标:[laɪ]
词性词义:v.(动词)躺;位于;说谎;平放;n.(名词)谎言;谎话
词性转换:lying(名词,说谎;躺;动词 lie 的现在分词),liar(名词,说谎者;骗子)
短语搭配:lie in(在于;位于),tell a lie(说谎),lie on(依赖;压迫;躺在…… 上)
例句
He likes to lie on the grass and look at the sky.(他喜欢躺在草地上看天空。)(lie 作动词,躺)
Don't tell a lie to your parents.(不要对你的父母说谎。)(lie 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:The town ____ in a beautiful valley.
A. lies B. stands C. puts
(答案:A。解析:城镇位于某个地方用 “lie in” 表示,“stands” 有站立、位于(强调位置比较突出等情况)等意思,“puts” 是放置,不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:He was punished for telling a ____ (lie).
(答案:lie。解析:“telling a lie” 是固定短语,表示说谎,“a” 后接可数名词单数,所以填 “lie”。)
perfect
音标:[ˈpɜːfɪkt]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)完美的;完全的;极好的;正确的;v.(动词)使完美;使完善
词性转换:perfectly(副词,完美地;完全地;非常;十分)
短语搭配:perfect match(完美匹配;绝配),in perfect condition(处于完美状态)
例句
Her performance was perfect.(她的表演很完美。)(perfect 作形容词)
He is trying to perfect his painting skills.(他正在努力完善他的绘画技巧。)(perfect 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:This dress is ____ for the party.
A. too big B. perfect C. old
(答案:B。解析:说裙子对于派对来说很合适,用 “perfect for” 符合语境,“too big” 是太大了,“old” 是旧的,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The cake looks ____ (perfect).
(答案:perfect。解析:此处用形容词 “perfect” 作表语,说明蛋糕看起来很完美,所以填 “perfect”。)
rich
音标:[rɪtʃ]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)富有的;富裕的;肥沃的;丰富的;浓郁的
词性转换:riches(名词,财富;财产),enrich(动词,使富裕;使富有;使丰富;充实),richness(名词,丰富;富裕;肥沃;浓郁)
短语搭配:rich in(富含……),become rich(变得富有),a rich man(一个富人)
例句
He is a rich businessman.(他是一个富有的商人。)
The soil in this area is very rich.(这个地区的土壤很肥沃。)
即学即练:
选择题:This kind of fruit is ____ in vitamins.
A. rich B. poor C. short
(答案:A。解析:这种水果富含维生素用 “rich in”,“poor” 是贫穷的、贫乏的,“short” 是短的、短缺的,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The family became very ____ (enrich) after years of hard work.
(答案:rich。解析:“become” 后接形容词作表语,此处用 “rich” 表示经过多年努力工作这个家庭变得很富有,所以填 “rich”。)
key
音标:[kiː]
词性词义:n.(名词)钥匙;关键;答案;键;adj.(形容词)关键的;主要的;v.(动词)键入;用键盘输入;锁上;插上钥匙
词性转换:keyless(形容词,无钥匙的;通过遥控开锁的),keyboard(名词,键盘),keyhole(名词,锁眼;钥匙孔)
短语搭配:the key to(…… 的关键;…… 的答案),key point(关键点;要点)
例句
He lost his house key.(他丢了他家的钥匙。)(key 作名词)
Hard work is the key to success.(努力工作是成功的关键。)(key 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:The ____ to solving this problem is to think carefully.
A. way B. key C. road
(答案:B。解析:解决问题的关键用 “the key to”,“way” 是方式、方法,“road” 是道路,都不符合此处固定搭配表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (key) information is very important for us.
(答案:key。解析:此处用形容词 “key” 修饰名词 “information”,表示关键信息,所以填 “key”。)
lift
音标:[lɪft]
词性词义:v.(动词)举起;抬起;提升;吊起;(云、雾等)消散;n.(名词)电梯;升降机;搭便车;举起;抬升
词性转换:lifter(名词,升降机;举重运动员;起重机),lifting(名词,举起;吊起;起重;动词 lift 的现在分词),lift-off(名词,(火箭等)发射;升空;起飞)
短语搭配:give sb. a lift(让某人搭便车),lift up(举起;抬起),take the lift(乘电梯)
例句
He can lift the heavy box easily.(他能轻松地抬起这个重箱子。)(lift 作动词)
Let's take the lift to the fifth floor.(让我们乘电梯到五楼。)(lift 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:Can you ____ me a ____ to the station?
A. give, lift B. take, ride C. get, walk
(答案:A。解析:“give sb. a lift” 是固定短语,表示让某人搭便车,符合语境,所以选 A。)
填空题:The fog ____ (lift) slowly and the sun came out.
(答案:lifted。解析:根据后面 “the sun came out” 可知描述过去的情况,“lift” 的过去式是 “lifted”,表示雾慢慢消散了,所以填 “lifted”。)
mostly
音标:[ˈməʊstli]
词性词义:adv.(副词)主要地;通常;多半;大体上
例句
He is mostly at home on weekends.(他周末多半在家。)
We mostly play football in the afternoon.(我们通常在下午踢足球。)
即学即练:
选择题:The students in our class ____ like English.
A. hardly B. never C. mostly
(答案:C。解析:班里的学生多半喜欢英语,“mostly” 符合语境,“hardly” 是几乎不,“never” 是从不,都不符合表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:She ____ (most) wears dresses in summer.
(答案:mostly。解析:此处用 “mostly” 表示她夏天通常穿裙子,符合其作为副词的用法,所以填 “mostly”。)
motorcycle
音标:[ˈməʊtəsaɪkl]
词性词义:n.(名词)摩托车;v.(动词)骑摩托车
词性转换:motorcyclist(名词,骑摩托车的人;摩托车手),motorcycling(名词,摩托车运动;骑摩托车)
短语搭配:ride a motorcycle(骑摩托车),by motorcycle(骑摩托车;乘摩托车)
例句
He bought a new motorcycle last month.(他上个月买了一辆新摩托车。)(motorcycle 作名词)
He often motorcycles to work.(他经常骑摩托车上班。)(motorcycle 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:My brother goes to school ____ because it's fast.
A. by bus B. by motorcycle C. on foot
(答案:B。解析:觉得快所以骑摩托车上学,“by motorcycle” 符合语境,“by bus” 是坐公交车,“on foot” 是步行,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:There are many ____ (motorcycle) on the road during rush hours.
(答案:motorcycles。解析:“many” 后接可数名词复数,“motorcycle” 的复数形式是 “motorcycles”,表示高峰期路上有很多摩托车,所以填 “motorcycles”。)
receive
音标:[rɪˈsiːv]
词性词义:v.(动词)收到;接到;得到;接待;接纳;承受
词性转换:receiver(名词,接收器;听筒;收件人;接待者),receiving(名词,接收;收到;动词 receive 的现在分词),receivable(形容词,可收到的;应收的)
短语搭配:receive a letter(收到一封信),receive an award(获得一个奖项)
例句
He received a birthday present from his friend.(他收到了朋友送的一份生日礼物。)
Our school will receive some foreign teachers next week.(我们学校下周将接待一些外教。)
即学即练:
选择题:I'm looking forward to ____ your reply.
A. sending B. receiving C. writing
(答案:B。解析:期待收到回复用 “receiving”,“sending” 是发送,“writing” 是写,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:She ____ (receive) a warm welcome when she arrived at the party.
(答案:received。解析:根据语境描述过去的情况,“receive” 的过去式是 “received”,表示她到达派对时受到了热烈欢迎,所以填 “received”。)
remain
音标:[rɪˈmeɪn]
词性词义:v.(动词)保持;依然;剩余;留下;逗留;n.(名词)剩余物;残余;遗迹;残骸
词性转换:remaining(名词,剩余;残存;动词 remain 的现在分词;形容词,剩余的;剩下的),remainder(名词,剩余部分;其余的人;余数;差数),remains(名词,残余;遗迹;遗体;残骸)
短语搭配:remain silent(保持沉默),remain to be done(有待于做……)
例句
He remained calm in the face of danger.(他在危险面前保持冷静。)
There are only a few apples remaining on the tree.(树上只剩下几个苹果了。)
即学即练:
选择题:After the party, some food ____.
A. remained B. disappeared C. was eaten
(答案:A。解析:派对后有食物剩余用 “remained”,“disappeared” 是消失,“was eaten” 是被吃掉,不符合此处有剩余的表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The ____ (remain) work will be finished tomorrow.
(答案:remaining。解析:此处用形容词 “remaining” 修饰名词 “work”,表示剩余的工作,所以填 “remaining”。)
stair
音标:[steə(r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)楼梯;梯级;阶梯
词性转换:staircase(名词,楼梯;楼梯间),stairway(名词,楼梯;阶梯通道),stairs(名词,楼梯;复数形式)
短语搭配:go up/down the stairs(上 / 下楼梯),a flight of stairs(一段楼梯),wooden stairs(木制楼梯)
例句
Be careful when you go down the stairs.(你下楼梯的时候要小心。)
There are fifteen stairs in this staircase.(这个楼梯有十五级台阶。)
即学即练:
选择题:We usually ____ the stairs instead of taking the elevator.
A. climb B. jump C. run
(答案:A。解析:通常是爬楼梯,“climb” 有攀爬的意思,符合语境,“jump” 是跳,“run” 是跑,都不符合上楼梯的正常动作,所以选 A。)
填空题:The old man walked slowly up the ____ (stair).
(答案:stairs。解析:此处用复数形式 “stairs” 表示老人慢慢地爬上楼梯,符合常用表达,所以填 “stairs”。)
step
音标:[step]
词性词义:n.(名词)步;脚步;步骤;台阶;v.(动词)跨步;行走;迈步;踩;踏
词性转换:stepping(名词,步进;改变;动词 step 的现在分词)
短语搭配:take steps(采取措施),step by step(逐步地;一步一步地),watch your step(小心脚下;谨慎行事)
例句
He took a big step forward.(他向前迈了一大步。)(step 作名词)
Please step aside to let others pass.(请往旁边走一步,让其他人过去。)(step 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:We should solve the problem ____.
A. all at once B. step by step C. in a hurry
(答案:B。解析:解决问题应该逐步地进行,“step by step” 符合语境,“all at once” 是立刻、马上,“in a hurry” 是匆忙地,都不符合合理解决问题的方式,所以选 B。)
填空题:The first ____ (step) to learn English well is to build up your interest.
(答案:step。解析:“The first” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “step” 表示学好英语的第一步,所以填 “step”。)
sightseeing
音标:[ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ]
词性词义:n.(名词)观光;游览;adj.(形容词)观光的;游览的
词性转换:sightsee(动词,观光;游览),sightseer(名词,观光客;游客)
短语搭配:go sightseeing(去观光;去游览),do some sightseeing(进行一些观光活动),sightseeing bus(观光巴士)
例句
They went sightseeing in Paris last year.(他们去年去巴黎观光了。)(sightseeing 作名词)
The sightseeing tour was really interesting.(这次观光之旅真的很有趣。)(sightseeing 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:We plan to ____ in the city during the holiday.
A. go shopping B. go sightseeing C. go swimming
(答案:B。解析:计划在假期在城市里进行的活动是观光游览,用 “go sightseeing” 符合语境,“go shopping” 是去购物,“go swimming” 是去游泳,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (sightsee) places in this town are very famous.
(答案:sightseeing。解析:此处用形容词 “sightseeing” 修饰名词 “places”,表示观光景点,所以填 “sightseeing”。)
address
音标:[əˈdres]
词性词义:n.(名词)地址;住址;演讲;讲话;v.(动词)写(收信人)姓名地址;向…… 发表演说;称呼;对付
词性转换:addresser(名词,发信人;发言人;演讲者),addressee(名词,收件人;收信人;听众),addressing(名词,寻址;定址;动词 address 的现在分词)
短语搭配:home address(家庭住址),give a speech/address(发表演讲),address a problem(解决问题)
例句
What's your address?(你的地址是什么?)(address 作名词)
He addressed the meeting yesterday.(他昨天在会议上发表了讲话。)(address 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:The president will ____ the nation on TV tonight.
A. talk B. speak C. address
(答案:C。解析:总统向全国发表讲话用 “address”,更正式且符合此处语境,“talk” 侧重交谈,“speak” 侧重说话这个动作本身,都不太准确,所以选 C。)
填空题:Please ____ (address) the letter carefully before sending it.
(答案:address。解析:“Please” 后接动词原形,此处用 “address” 表示在寄信前仔细写好收信人姓名地址,所以填 “address”。)
destination
音标:[ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn]
词性词义:n.(名词)目的地;终点;目标;目的
短语搭配:reach one's destination(到达某人的目的地),final destination(最终目的地),travel destination(旅游目的地)
例句
Our destination is a beautiful beach.(我们的目的地是一个美丽的海滩。)
They finally reached their destination after a long journey.(他们经过长途旅行后终于到达了目的地。)
即学即练:
选择题:We are looking forward to arriving at our ____ soon.
A. starting point B. destination C. way
(答案:B。解析:期待尽快到达的是目的地,“destination” 符合语境,“starting point” 是起点,“way” 是道路、方式等,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The tourists were excited to see their ____ (目的地) coming into view.
(答案:destination。解析:“their” 后接名词,此处用 “destination” 表示游客们看到他们的目的地映入眼帘很兴奋,所以填 “destination”。)
imagine
音标:[ɪˈmædʒɪn]
词性词义:v.(动词)想象;设想;料想;猜想;认为
词性转换:imagination(名词,想象力;想象;空想;幻想),imaginative(形容词,富于想象力的;创新的;虚构的),imaginary(形容词,想象中的;假想的;虚构的)
短语搭配:imagine doing sth.(想象做某事),imagine sb. as(把某人想象成……),imagine that...(想象……)
例句
Can you imagine living on the moon?(你能想象住在月球上吗?)
I imagine that he will come soon.(我猜想他很快就会来。)
即学即练:
选择题:It's hard to ____ what life will be like in 100 years.
A. think B. guess C. imagine
(答案:C。解析:很难想象一百年后的生活会是什么样,“imagine” 更强调在脑海中构建画面等想象的感觉,“think” 侧重思考,“guess” 侧重猜测,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:He always ____ (imagine) himself as a famous singer.
(答案:imagines。解析:根据主语 “He” 以及句中的 “always” 可知用一般现在时,动词用第三人称单数形式,所以填 “imagines”。)
discover
音标:[dɪˈskʌvə(r)]
词性词义:v.(动词)发现;发觉;找到;认识到
词性转换:discovery(名词,发现;发觉;被发现的事物),discoverer(名词,发现者;发觉者),discoverable(形容词,可发现的;可发觉的)
短语搭配:discover sth. by accident(偶然发现某物),discover the truth(发现真相),discover new things(发现新事物)
例句
Columbus discovered America.(哥伦布发现了美洲。)
She discovered that she had made a mistake.(她发觉自己犯了一个错误。)
即学即练:
选择题:Scientists ____ a new planet last year.
A. invented B. discovered C. created
(答案:B。解析:科学家发现新的星球用 “discovered”,“invented” 是发明,指创造出原本不存在的东西,“created” 也是创造的意思,不符合发现已存在事物的表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:They finally ____ (discover) the hidden treasure in the cave.
(答案:discovered。解析:根据语境描述过去的动作,“discover” 的过去式是 “discovered”,表示他们最终在山洞里发现了隐藏的宝藏,所以填 “discovered”。)
endangered
音标:[ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)濒危的;有灭绝危险的;将要绝种的
词性转换:endanger(动词,危及;使遭到危险;使濒于灭绝),endangerment(名词,危害;受到危害;濒危)
短语搭配:endangered species(濒危物种),protect endangered animals(保护濒危动物),be endangered by(受到…… 的威胁)
例句
The giant panda is an endangered animal.(大熊猫是一种濒危动物。)
Many plants are endangered because of the destruction of the environment.(许多植物由于环境的破坏而处于濒危状态。)
即学即练:
选择题:We should try our best to save ____ animals.
A. common B. endangered C. wild
(答案:B。解析:我们应该尽力拯救濒危动物,“endangered” 符合语境,“common” 是常见的,“wild” 是野生的,都不符合此处强调拯救有灭绝危险动物的表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (endanger) situation of these birds is getting worse.
(答案:endangered。解析:此处用形容词 “endangered” 修饰名词 “situation”,表示这些鸟的濒危状况,所以填 “endangered”。)
government
音标:[ˈɡʌvənmənt]
词性词义:n.(名词)政府;政体;治理;管理
词性转换:govern(动词,统治;管理;治理;支配),governor(名词,州长;总督;管理者;统治者),governance(名词,治理;管理;统治方式;管控)
短语搭配:local government(地方政府),central government(中央政府),government department(政府部门)
例句
The government is trying to improve people's living conditions.(政府正在努力改善人们的生活条件。)
Our country has a democratic government.(我们国家有一个民主政体。)
即学即练:
选择题:The ____ makes many policies to help the poor.
A. school B. company C. government
(答案:C。解析:制定很多帮助穷人政策的是政府,“school” 是学校,“company” 是公司,都没有这样的职能,所以选 C。)
填空题:The new ____ (government) is facing many challenges.
(答案:government。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “government” 表示新政府面临很多挑战,所以填 “government”。)
huge
音标:[hjuːdʒ]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)巨大的;庞大的;极大的
词性转换:hugeness(名词,巨大;庞大;广大),hugely(副词,极其;非常;巨大地)
短语搭配:a huge amount of(大量的),a huge success(巨大的成功),huge difference(巨大的差异)
例句
There is a huge building in the center of the city.(城市中心有一座巨大的建筑物。)
They made a huge effort to finish the project on time.(他们付出了巨大的努力按时完成这个项目。)
即学即练:
选择题:We saw a ____ elephant at the zoo.
A. small B. huge C. cute
(答案:B。解析:在动物园看到的大象通常是体型巨大的,“huge” 符合语境,“small” 是小的,“cute” 是可爱的,都不符合大象的实际形象特点,所以选 B。)
填空题:The company made a ____ (huge) profit this year.(答案:huge。解析:此处用形容词 “huge” 修饰名词 “profit”,表示公司今年获得了巨大的利润,所以填 “huge”。)
range
音标:[reɪndʒ]
词性词义:n.(名词)范围;幅度;一系列;山脉;排;v.(动词)(在一定范围内)变动;变化;排列;使…… 排成行;包括(从…… 到……)
词性转换:ranging(名词,排列;归类于;动词 range 的现在分词)
短语搭配:a wide range of(各种各样的;大范围的),out of range(超出范围),range from...to...(在…… 到…… 的范围内变动)
例句
There is a wide range of books in the library.(图书馆里有各种各样的书。)(range 作名词)
The temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees today.(今天的温度在 10 到 20 度之间变动。)(range 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:This store sells ____ clothes for different ages.
A. a kind of B. a wide range of C. a piece of
(答案:B。解析:商店售卖适合不同年龄的各种各样的衣服,用 “a wide range of” 符合语境,“a kind of” 是一种,“a piece of” 是一件,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The prices of the products ____ (range) from low to high.
(答案:range。解析:此处用一般现在时,主语 “The prices of the products” 是复数,所以动词用原形 “range”,表示产品价格从低到高变化,所以填 “range”。)
snowmobile
音标:[ˈsnəʊməʊbaɪl]
词性词义:n.(名词)雪地机动车;摩托雪橇;v.(动词)乘雪地机动车旅行;
短语搭配:ride a snowmobile(骑雪地机动车;驾驶雪地机动车),go snowmobiling(去驾驶雪地机动车;去进行摩托雪橇运动)
例句
He bought a new snowmobile last winter.(他去年冬天买了一辆新的雪地机动车。)(snowmobile 作名词)
They often go snowmobiling in the mountains.(他们经常去山里驾驶雪地机动车。)(snowmobile 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:In winter, many people like to ____ on the snow-covered fields.
A. ski B. snowmobile C. skate
(答案:B。解析:在积雪覆盖的田野上很多人喜欢驾驶雪地机动车,“snowmobile” 符合语境,“ski” 是滑雪,“skate” 是滑冰,都不符合此处在田野上的活动描述,所以选 B。)
填空题:There are several ____ (snowmobile) parked outside.
(答案:snowmobiles。解析:“several” 后接可数名词复数,“snowmobile” 的复数形式是 “snowmobiles”,表示外面停着几辆雪地机动车,所以填 “snowmobiles”。)
stretch
音标:[stretʃ]
词性词义:v.(动词)伸展;拉长;延伸;延续;使竭尽全力;n.(名词)伸展;延伸;一段时间;一片;一段路程
词性转换:stretchable(形容词,可伸展的;有弹性的),stretching(名词,伸展;拉伸;动词 stretch 的现在分词)
短语搭配:stretch out(伸出;伸展身体),stretch one's legs((久坐后)伸伸腿;散步)
例句
She stretched her body to relax.(她伸展身体来放松。)(stretch 作动词)
We walked for a long stretch on the beach.(我们在海滩上走了很长一段路。)(stretch 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:After sitting for hours, you should ____ your arms.
A. wave B. stretch C. fold
(答案:B。解析:久坐后应该伸展胳膊,“stretch” 符合语境,“wave” 是挥动,“fold” 是折叠,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:He did his homework for two hours at a ____ (stretch).
(答案:stretch。解析:“at a stretch” 是固定短语,表示不停地、连续地,所以填 “stretch”。)
unique
音标:[juˈniːk]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)独特的;独一无二的;稀罕的;不寻常的
词性转换:uniqueness(名词,独特性;独一无二;单值性)
短语搭配:a unique opportunity(独一无二的机会),be unique to(是…… 所特有的),unique style(独特风格)
例句
Everyone has a unique personality.(每个人都有独特的个性。)
This is a unique design that you can't find elsewhere.(这是一个独一无二的设计,你在别处找不到。)
即学即练:
选择题:The custom in this village is ____ to it.
A. common B. similar C. unique
(答案:C。解析:这个村子的习俗是它所特有的,“be unique to” 符合语境,“common” 是常见的,“similar” 是相似的,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:The ____ (unique) of this painting makes it very valuable.
(答案:uniqueness。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “uniqueness” 表示这幅画的独特性使其很有价值,所以填 “uniqueness”。)
volcano
音标:[vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]
词性词义:n.(名词)火山
词性转换:volcanic(形容词,火山的;火山引起的),volcanologist(名词,火山学家)
短语搭配:active volcano(活火山),extinct volcano(死火山),dormant volcano(休眠火山),volcano eruption(火山喷发)
例句
There is an active volcano on that island.(那座岛上有一座活火山。)
The volcano erupted suddenly last year.(这座火山去年突然喷发了。)
即学即练:
选择题:Scientists are always studying ____ to know more about the earth.
A. mountains B. volcanoes C. rivers
(答案:B。解析:科学家研究火山是为了更多地了解地球,因为火山活动等能反映很多地质情况,“mountains” 是山脉,“rivers” 是河流,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (volcano) near the city is a potential danger.
(答案:volcano。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “volcano” 表示城市附近的那座火山是一个潜在的危险,所以填 “volcano”。)
wild
音标:[waɪld]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)野生的;野蛮的;狂热的;荒凉的;n.(名词)荒野;野外
词性转换:wilderness(名词,荒野;荒地;未开发的地方),wilden(动词,使荒芜;使野性化;使野蛮),wildly(副词,野生地;野蛮地;狂热地;失控地)
短语搭配:in the wild(在野外;在自然环境下),wild animals(野生动物)
例句
There are many wild animals in the forest.(森林里有很多野生动物。)(wild 作形容词)
He loves to explore the wild.(他喜欢探索荒野。)(wild 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:We should protect ____ plants and animals.
A. farm B. wild C. domestic
(答案:B。解析:我们应该保护野生的动植物,“wild” 符合语境,“farm” 是农场的,“domestic” 是家养的,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (wild) is a beautiful but also dangerous place.
(答案:wild。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “wild” 表示荒野是一个美丽但也危险的地方,所以填 “wild”。)
wolf
音标:[wʊlf]
词性词义:n.(名词)狼;v.(动词)大口地快吃;狼吞虎咽
词性转换:wolfish(形容词,似狼的;贪婪的;残忍的),wolfishly(副词,似狼地;贪婪地;残忍地),wolves(名词,wolf 的复数形式)
短语搭配:a pack of wolves(一群狼),cry wolf(发假警报;谎报军情)
例句
Wolves are very fierce animals.(狼是非常凶猛的动物。)(wolf 作名词)
He wolfed down his dinner and went out.(他狼吞虎咽地吃完晚饭就出去了。)(wolf 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:Don't ____ too fast, or you may choke.
A. eat B. wolf C. taste
(答案:B。解析:此处强调大口快吃,“wolf” 有狼吞虎咽的意思,符合语境,“eat” 比较普通,“taste” 侧重品尝,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:There are several ____ (wolf) in the forest.
(答案:wolves。解析:“several” 后接可数名词复数,“wolf” 的复数形式是 “wolves”,表示森林里有几只狼,所以填 “wolves”。)
department store
音标:[dɪˈpɑːtmənt stɔː(r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)百货商店;百货公司
短语搭配:go shopping in a department store(去百货商店购物),big department store(大型百货商店),department store chain(百货商店连锁)
例句
My mother often goes to the department store to buy clothes.(我妈妈经常去百货商店买衣服。)
There is a new department store near our school.(我们学校附近有一家新的百货商店。)
即学即练:
选择题:If you want to buy many kinds of things in one place, you can go to a ____.
A. supermarket B. department store C. bookstore
(答案:B。解析:想在一个地方买很多种类的东西可以去百货商店,“supermarket” 主要侧重于食品等生活用品,“bookstore” 只卖书,都不符合买多种物品的表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:She spent a whole day in the ____ (百货商店).
(答案:department store。解析:“in the...” 后接表示地点的名词短语,此处用 “department store” 表示她在百货商店里待了一整天,所以填 “department store”。)
prefer to
音标:[prɪˈfɜː(r) tuː]
词性词义:短语动词,更喜欢;宁愿
短语搭配:prefer to do sth.(更喜欢做某事),prefer A to B(比起 B 更喜欢 A),prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.(宁愿做某事而不愿做某事)
例句
I prefer to read books at home on weekends.(我周末更喜欢在家看书。)
He prefers to play football rather than play basketball.(他宁愿踢足球也不愿打篮球。)
即学即练:
选择题:She ____ to listen to music ____ watch TV.
A. prefers, than B. likes, rather than C. prefers, rather than
(答案:C。解析:“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.” 是固定短语,表示宁愿做某事而不愿做某事,符合语境,所以选 C。)
填空题:I ____ (更喜欢) go swimming in summer.
(答案:prefer to。解析:此处用 “prefer to” 表示我夏天更喜欢去游泳,符合短语用法,所以填 “prefer to”。)
by hand
音标:[baɪ hænd]
词性词义:短语,用手;手工;亲手
例句
My grandma made this sweater by hand.(我奶奶亲手织了这件毛衣。)
These toys are made by hand.(这些玩具是手工制作的。)
即学即练:
选择题:The beautiful vase was made ____.
A. by machine B. by hand C. by accident
(答案:B。解析:美丽的花瓶通常是手工制作更符合语境,“by machine” 是用机器,“by accident” 是偶然地,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The bread is baked ____ (手工) in this small bakery.
(答案:by hand。解析:此处用 “by hand” 表示面包是在这个小面包店里手工烘焙的,符合短语用法,所以填 “by hand”。)
go sightseeing
音标:[ɡəʊ ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ]
词性词义:短语动词,去观光;去游览
例句
We will go sightseeing in Paris next month.(我们下个月将去巴黎观光。)
They went sightseeing around the city last weekend.(他们上周末去这个城市四处观光了。)
即学即练:
选择题:During the holiday, many people like to ____.
A. go shopping B. go sightseeing C. go swimming
(答案:B。解析:假期很多人喜欢去观光游览,“go sightseeing” 符合语境,“go shopping” 是去购物,“go swimming” 是去游泳,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:They plan to ____ (去观光) in the countryside tomorrow.
(答案:go sightseeing。解析:“plan to do sth.” 表示计划做某事,此处用 “go sightseeing” 表示他们计划明天去乡下观光,所以填 “go sightseeing”。)
go on a trip
音标:[ɡəʊ ɒn ə trɪp]
词性词义:短语动词,去旅行
短语搭配:go on a trip to(去…… 旅行),go on a business trip(去出差),go on a school trip(去学校组织的旅行)
例句
They are going on a trip to Beijing next week.(他们下周要去北京旅行。)
He often goes on business trips.(他经常去出差。)
即学即练:
选择题:My parents ____ to Hainan last year.
A. went on a trip B. went shopping C. went swimming
(答案:A。解析:去海南是去旅行,用 “went on a trip” 符合语境,“went shopping” 是去购物,“went swimming” 是去游泳,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:We hope to ____ (去…… 旅行) abroad in the future.
(答案:go on a trip。解析:“hope to do sth.” 表示希望做某事,此处用 “go on a trip” 表示希望将来去国外旅行,所以填 “go on a trip”。)
all year round
音标:[ɔːl jɪə raʊnd]
词性词义:短语,一年到头;终年
例句
The flowers in this park are in bloom all year round.(这个公园的花一年到头都在盛开。)
It's warm here all year round.(这里终年温暖。)
即学即练:
选择题:Some fruits can be bought ____ in the supermarket. A. in season B. out of season C. all year round
(答案:C。解析:有些水果在超市一年到头都能买到,“all year round” 符合语境,“in season” 是当季,“out of season” 是不当季,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:The beautiful scenery attracts tourists ____ (终年).
(答案:all year round。解析:此处用 “all year round” 置于句末,说明美丽的风景终年吸引游客,符合短语用法,所以填 “all year round”。)
giant panda
音标:[ˈdʒaɪənt ˈpændə]
词性词义:n.(名词)大熊猫
短语搭配:protect giant pandas(保护大熊猫),giant panda reserve(大熊猫保护区),see giant pandas(看大熊猫)
例句
There are many giant pandas in the nature reserve.(自然保护区里有很多大熊猫。)
People love to see giant pandas because they are so cute.(人们喜欢看大熊猫,因为它们太可爱了。)
即学即练:
选择题:____ is a national treasure in China.
A. Tiger B. Giant panda C. Monkey
(答案:B。解析:大熊猫是中国的国宝,“Giant panda” 符合语境,“Tiger” 是老虎,“Monkey” 是猴子,都不符合,所以选 B。)
填空题:We went to the zoo to watch the ____ (大熊猫).
(答案:giant pandas。解析:“the” 后接名词,根据语境去动物园看大熊猫,用复数形式 “giant pandas”,所以填 “giant pandas”。)
go hiking
音标:[ɡəʊ ˈhaɪkɪŋ]
词性词义:短语动词,去远足;去徒步旅行
短语搭配:go hiking in(去…… 徒步旅行),like to go hiking(喜欢去徒步旅行),go hiking with(和…… 一起去徒步旅行)
例句
They often go hiking in the mountains on weekends.(他们经常在周末去山里徒步旅行。)
She likes to go hiking with her friends.(她喜欢和朋友们一起去徒步旅行。)
即学即练:
选择题:In spring, many people like to ____ to enjoy the beautiful nature.
A. go shopping B. go hiking C. go swimming
(答案:B。解析:春天很多人喜欢去徒步旅行来欣赏美丽的大自然,“go hiking” 符合语境,“go shopping” 是去购物,“go swimming” 是去游泳,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:We plan to ____ (去远足) along the river next week.
(答案:go hiking。解析:“plan to do sth.” 表示计划做某事,此处用 “go hiking” 表示计划下周沿着河边去徒步旅行,所以填 “go hiking”。)
golden monkey
音标:[ˈɡəʊldən ˈmʌŋki]
词性词义:n.(名词)金丝猴(指一种珍稀的灵长类动物)
短语搭配:protect golden monkeys(保护金丝猴),watch golden monkeys(观看金丝猴),habitat of golden monkeys(金丝猴栖息地)
例句
The golden monkeys in the reserve are very lively.(保护区里的金丝猴非常活泼。)
Many people come to the zoo to see the golden monkeys.(很多人来动物园看金丝猴。)
即学即练:
选择题:____ is a kind of rare and precious animal in China.
A. Golden monkey B. Squirrel C. Mouse
(答案:A。解析:在中国,金丝猴是一种珍稀动物,“Squirrel” 是松鼠,“Mouse” 是老鼠,都不属于珍稀且珍贵的动物类别,所以选 A。)
填空题:We should do our best to protect the ____ (金丝猴).
(答案:golden monkeys。解析:“protect” 后接名词作宾语,此处根据语境及常用表达,用复数形式 “golden monkeys” 表示保护金丝猴这一群体,所以填 “golden monkeys”。)
hot spring
音标:[hɒt sprɪŋ]
词性词义:n.(名词)温泉
词性转换:hot springs(复数形式),hot-spring(形容词,温泉的,用于修饰名词,如 hot-spring resort 表示温泉度假村)
短语搭配:soak in a hot spring(泡温泉),visit a hot spring(参观温泉),hot spring bath(温泉浴)
例句
There are many hot springs in this area.(这个地区有很多温泉。)
We went to soak in the hot spring last weekend. It was very relaxing.(上周末我们去泡温泉了,非常放松。)
即学即练:
选择题:People usually go to a ____ to relax and enjoy the warm water.
A. swimming pool B. hot spring C. river
(答案:B。解析:人们通常去温泉放松并享受温暖的水,“swimming pool” 是游泳池,“river” 是河流,都不符合专门去享受温暖水放松的表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (温泉) here are famous for their good quality.
(答案:hot springs。解析:“The” 后接名词,根据谓语动词 “are” 可知主语用复数形式,此处用 “hot springs” 表示这里的温泉因水质好而闻名,所以填 “hot springs”。)
in the wild
音标:[ɪn ðə waɪld]
词性词义:短语,在野外;在自然环境下;处于野生状态
例句
We can see many wild animals in the wild.(我们在野外能看到很多野生动物。)
Some plants grow better in the wild than in the garden.(有些植物在野外比在花园里长得更好。)
即学即练:
选择题:It's hard to find giant pandas ____ nowadays because they are endangered.
A. in the zoo B. in the wild C. in the park
(答案:B。解析:因为大熊猫濒危,现在在野外很难发现它们,“in the zoo” 是在动物园,“in the park” 是在公园,都不符合说大熊猫在自然环境下难发现的表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The wolves live ____ (在野外) and hunt for food by themselves.
(答案:in the wild。解析:此处用 “in the wild” 表示狼生活在野外并自行猎食,符合短语用法,所以填 “in the wild”。)
set up
音标:[set ʌp]
词性词义:短语动词,建立;设立;创立;搭建;安装;安排
短语搭配:set up a company(建立公司),set up a tent(搭建帐篷),set up an experiment(安排实验)
例句
They set up a new factory last year.(他们去年建立了一家新工厂。)
We set up our tents near the lake before nightfall.(我们在天黑前在湖边搭建好了帐篷。)
即学即练:
选择题:My father wants to ____ a new business.
A. set up B. give up C. look up
(答案:A。解析:想开展新业务用 “set up” 表示建立,“give up” 是放弃,“look up” 是查阅、向上看等意思,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:They decided to ____ (建立) a volunteer club in the school.
(答案:set up。解析:“decide to do sth.” 表示决定做某事,此处用动词原形短语 “set up” 表示他们决定在学校里建立一个志愿者俱乐部,所以填 “set up”。)
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