Unit 10 Section B 2a-2e学案 江西省2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

Period 5-6　Section B (2a—2e) 独立预学展示 一、汉译英 1.分成两半 2.保守秘密______________________ 3.解决问题 4.从专家那里得到建议 _____________________ 5.感觉更糟糕 6.一直在想__________________________ 7.最终 8.因粗心而犯错__________________________ 9.把……切成两半 10.分担问题_________________________ 11.普遍问题 12.和某人有同感_________________________ 13.逃避 14.你信任的人____________________________ 合作探究 一、重点单词与短语 1. keep … to oneself 意为“保守秘密”。 【拓展】keep的用法小结： ①keep + adj. 保持…… ② keep + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人/某物保持…… ③ keep + doing sth. 一直不断地做某事 ④ keep…from doing sth. = stop…from doing sth. 阻止……做某事 ⑤ keep a pet 养宠物 ⑥ keep the secret for sb. 为某人保密 【跟踪训练】 （1）( ) You should keep the window _______ because the room is too hot. A. open B. opened C. opening D. to open （2）非常感谢你为我保密。 Thanking for _________ _________ _________ _________ me. 2. have problems with 意为“在某方面有困难”，相当于have a problem with ;其中problem是可数名词。 【拓展】表示“做某事有困难”的常用结构： have problems (in) doing sth. = have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 【跟踪训练】（1）We have some problems ____________ (solve) the problem. 3. normal adj.正常的，一般的; 其反义词为abnormal；副词为normally。 【辨析】 normal, usual, common, ordinary及general的区别： normal 强调“正常的” normal response 正常反应 usual 强调习惯性，反义词unusual sit in her usual seat 坐在她平时坐的位子上 common “共有的，共同的；普遍的” a common cause 共同的事业 ordinary “普通的；平常的”，侧重“普通，平凡”时与common基本同义 an ordinary man 一个普通人 general “普通的，大体的” a general idea大意 the general belief 普遍的信念 【跟踪训练】 （1）人体的正常体温是37摄氏度左右。The________ temperature of human body is about 37℃. 4. unless 作连词，意为“除非，如果不”。 We shall go unless it rains. = We shall go if it doesn’t rain 【拓展】unless 引导条件状语从句，若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，相当于if…not… 【跟踪训练】 （1）They will lose the game ______they try their best. A. unless B. once C. since D. after （2）I’ll stay at home unless I am invited. (改同义句) ______________________________________________________________ 5. worry “担心；发愁”；即可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，其过去式/过去分词都为worried. 作名词，意为“令人担忧的事”时为可数名词，复数为worries 【拓展】worried作形容词，意为“担心的；发愁的”be worried about = worry about 对……担心 【跟踪训练】 （1）Don’t be so ________ (worry). Everything will be good. （2）( ) The ________ mother is ________ about her son’s health. A. worried; worry B. worried; worried C. worrying; worrying D. worrying; worried 6. angry 作形容词，意为“生气的；发怒的”。 【拓展】be angry at/about sth. 因某事生气 be angry with/at sb. = be mad at sb. 生某人的气 be angry with sb. for doing sth. 因某人做了某事而生气 【跟踪训练】 （1）我迟到时，老师很生我的气。 The teacher was angry ________ me when I was late. （2）He was angry ________ what I said. A. for B. with C. at D. On 7. in the end 意为“最后；终于”，相当于at last或finally. 【拓展】at the end of 在……的末尾；在……的尽头 by the end of 到……末为止 e.g. There is a shop at the end of the street. 在街道的尽头有一家商店。 Will you visit me by the end of next term? 到下学期末你会来看我吗？ In the end, we climbed up the mountain. 最后，我们终于登上了山。 【跟踪训练】 （1）( ) ______，he passed the exam. A．By the end B．At the end C．In the end D．On the end 8. careless 作形容词，意为“粗心的”。be careless of / about… 不关心…… 【拓展】careful：“仔细的；小心的”，careless的反义词；其副词形式为carefully。 be careful = take care = look out 意为“小心” 【常见搭配】be careful of /about…当心，留意，注意…… be careful (not) to do sth.注意(不)要做某事 be careful in doing sth.做某事时要小心或仔细 be careful with 小心使用…… 【跟踪训练】 （1）Jack is good at English. He is very ____. But his sister Linda is weak in English. She is always ____. A. careful, careful B. careful, careless C. careless, careless D. careless, careful 9. mistake 可数名词，意为“错误，失误”。 e.g. His homework is always full of mistakes. 他的家庭作业总是错误百出。 【拓展①】mistake的常见搭配：make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地 make a mistake in / about sth. 在某一方面出错 【拓展②】 mistake作动词，意为“误解，弄错” 过去式和过去分词分别为mistook和mistaken. 常见用法：mistake A for B 错把A当成B e.g. Never mistake a Canadian for an American, or he / she might get angry. 不要错把加拿大人当成美国人，否则他/她可能会生气。 【跟踪训练】 （1）犯错误很容易。 It’s easy to ____________ ______________ ______________. （2）他经常在语法上出错。 He always __________ __________ _________ grammar. 10. advise 作动词，意为“劝告，建议”；后常跟名词、代词、v-ing形式或宾语从句。  【拓展①】① advise doing sth. 建议做某事 ② advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不）做某事 ③ advise ab. about sth. 就某事向某人提出建议 【拓展②】 advise 与 suggest 的区别 建议做…… advise/suggest doing I advise riding here. 建议某人做 advise sb. to do suggest that sb. (should) He advised us to go there by bus. The doctor suggested that he should not smoke. 【跟踪训练】 (1) ( ) —Did you give your father____? —Yes, I advised him ____ smoking. A. an advice; should give up B. any advice; give up C. any advice; giving up D. a piece of advice; to give up (2) 他建议我买台电脑。 He advises me __________ ____________ a computer. 11. experience 【拓展①】experience 作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；表示“做某事的经验”常用in doing sth.。 experience 作“经历”讲时，是可数名词。 e.g. Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。 He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Africa. 他在非洲旅行时有很多有趣 的经历。 【拓展②】experience还可作动词，意为“经历；体验” e.g. He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life. 他有生以来第一次经历了巨大的苦难。 【跟踪训练】 （1）( ) He had ______ yesterday. He saw a UFO land in front of him. A. an experience B. a experience C．experience D. the experience （2）上周他经历了一次特别的经历。 Last week he ________ a special ____________. 12. else 副词，意为“别的，其他的”；常位于疑问词(what, who, where等)或不定代词(something, nothing, anybody, someone等)之后。 e.g. Do you need anything else? 你还需要什么别的吗？ 【拓展】口语中，询问“还有别的什么？”可以说“What else?”或”Anything else?”。 someone else的所有格形式是someone else’s。 【辨析】else, other else 用在疑问词或不定代词之后 other 形容词，意为“其他的，另外的”， 修饰名词，位于名词之前。 【跟踪训练】 （1）在墙上你还能看到什么？ __________ __________ can you see on the wall? （2）你另一只手里拿的是什么？ What’s that in your __________ hand? 二、重点句型与语法 1. She was afraid to tell her parents about it. 她不敢把这事告诉她的父母。 【精讲】be afraid to do sth. “害怕做某事”（因害怕而不敢做某事） be afraid of doing sth. “担心或害怕出现某种不好的后果” I’m afraid +从句 “ 我恐怕.......” I’m afraid I can’t go there with you. 【跟踪训练】 （1）( ) He is afraid ________ in class. A. speaking B. to speak C. saying D. to say 2. It is best not to run away from our problems. 最好不要回避我们的问题。 It为形式主语，动词不定式to run away from our problems为真正的主语。 【精讲1】It is best (not) to do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 had better (not) do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 【精讲2】run away意为“跑开”；run away from意为“从……跑开，逃避”。 【跟踪训练】 （1）( ) It is best to ____ English every day. A. speak B. speaking C. speaks D. to speak （2）最好不要和你的朋友们谈钱。 It’s ____________ ____________ __________ talk about money with your friends. 3. In English, we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. 在英语里，我们说分享一个问题就如同将它减半。 【精讲】in half 分成两半，也可说 into halves。 cut…in half 把……切成两半 divide…in half 把……分成两半 e.g. Please cut the apple in half.＝Please cut the apple into halves.请把苹果切成两半。 【跟踪训练】 （1）Help me cut the cake into halves. (改为同义句) Help me cut the cake __________ __________. （四）交流展示 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. They always keep their problems__________ themselves. A. for B. to C. with D. on ( ) 2. Don’t run away from the problems. You _______ try to face them. A. should B. shouldn’t C. will D. won’t ( ) 3. The doctor advised my father ________ smoking. A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. stops ( ) 4. —Miss Huang was sent to teach English in a poor village last year. —She said she would never forgot some pleasant __________ while working there. A. experts B. experiences C. excuse D. earth ( ) 5. — Will you go to Bob’s birthday party? — No,________ he invites me. A. if B. when C. because D. unless 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. These days I have a lot of ___________(worry). I’m just _____________ (worry) about what to do with all my school work and my classmates. 2. If you don’t talk to _____________ (someone), you’ll feel even ______________(bad). 3. They kept _______________(laugh) all the way to the farm. 4. They all advised me _____________ (buy) a new phone. But I refused. 5. When we cross the road, we should be ______________ (care) . 三、【评学】 （五）积累巩固 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. As a psychologist, Dr. Wang advises people ________ their family problems. A. in B. at C. with D. about ( ) 2. If there _______ no buying and selling of animals, there _____ no killing in nature. A. is; will be B. will be; will be C. is; is D. will be; is ( ) 3. Talking to someone you trust ________ a lot. A. help B. helps C. helping D. to help ( ) 4. This melon is too big for ________ of us. We should cut it ________ and share it. A. either; in half B. neither; in half C. either; in halves D. neither; into halves ( ) 5. — Could you give me a hand? — ________. What can I do for you? A. Certainly not B. Certainly C. Sure not D. Not sure ( ) 6. He kept ________ himself that he was the best. A. telling B. to tell C. tell D. told ( ) 7. You can learn a lot by ________ American TV shows. A. watching B. to watch C. watch D. watched ( ) 8. Who listens ________, Tom, Jack or Bill? A. the most carefully B. more carefully C. the most careful D. more careful ( ) 9. It’s time for class. Please stop ________. A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. talked ( ) 10. You can’t improve your spoken English you practice it every day from now on. A. as soon as B. unless C. if D. since 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Be______________ (care) when you cross the road. 2. Ms. White is really ______________ (understand) and we all love her. 3. There were a few______________ (mistake) in his exercises. The teacher told him to do them again. 4. He has got lots of _______________ (experience) in teaching. 5. What will he say if he ______________ (find) out the truth? 6. How ______________ (care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off the table again! 7. They’ll go to watch the dolphin show if they ______________ (have) free time. 8. It is difficult ______________ (solve) the problem. 9. My little sister ______________ (trust) me. She often tells me her secrets. 10. We ____________ (have) an English party if it ______________ (not rain). （六）延伸拓展 一、阅读理解 It was Jimmy’s birthday, and he was five years old. He got a lot of nice birthday presents from his family, and one of them was a beautiful drum(鼓). “Who gave him that thing?” Jimmy’s father asked when he saw it. “His grandfather did,” answered Jimmy’s mother. Jimmy liked his drum very much. He made a terrible noise with it, but his father didn’t mind. He was working during the day and Jimmy was already in bed when he got home in the evening, so he couldn’t hear the noise. But one of the neighbors(邻居 ) didn’t like the noise at all, so a few days later, she took a sharp(锋利的) knife and went to Jimmy’s house while he was hitting his drum. She said to him, “Hello, Jimmy, there is something very nice inside your drum. Here is a knife. Open the drum and let’s find it.” ( ) 1. Jimmy got a lot of nice presents from his ________. A. Classmates B. friends C. Teachers D. family ( ) 2. Who gave Jimmy the drum? A. His father. B. His mother. C. His neighbor. D. His grandfather. ( ) 3. — Why didn’t Jimmy’s father stop him from making noise with the drum? — Because ________. A. he liked Jimmy very much B. he didn’t hear it C. Jimmy was in bed D. Jimmy only played in the evening ( ) 4. One of the neighbors________. A. liked Jimmy very much B. enjoyed listening to the sound of the drum C. wanted to show Jimmy a sharp knife D. didn’t like the noise at all ( ) 5. What did Jimmy’s neighbor really want him to do? To ________. A. stop him making noises B. make a noise on his drum with a knife C. show him how to hit the drum D. find something nice in his drum 二、补全对话 A: Hi, Mark. I want to have a class party. 1. ________________ B: Sure, Andrew. I can help you. When shall we have the party? A: 2. ________________ B: No, today is too early. 3. ________________ A: Then let’s have it tomorrow. B: But there’s a test tomorrow. A: OK, let’s have it on Saturday afternoon. 4. ________________ B: No, I don’t think we should watch a video. Some students will be bored. Let’s play party games. A: OK, good idea.5. ________________ B: Sure, I can do that. 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ ( A. If we have it today, half the class won’t come. B. Can you organize the party games? C. Will you help me organize it? D. We can all meet and watch a video. E. Let’s have it today after class. F. I’d like to sing a song. G. What shall we do? ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$