必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Words and Expressions（课件）- 【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019必修第三册）

仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Words and Expressions 新人教必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues moral ['mɒrəl ] adj. 道德的; 道义上的 n. 品行; 道德; 寓意 moral kidnapping 道德绑架 The moral of ……的道德教训/寓意 morality n.道德，品行，正当性 morally adv.道德上;有道德地;确实地　 反：immoral adj.不道德的;邪恶的 virtue ['vɜːtʃuː]: n. 高尚的道德; 美德; 优秀品质 by virtue of 凭借 = by means of virtually adv. 事实上，几乎 dilemma [ dɪ'lemə] n. 进退两难的境地; 困境 be in a dilemma 处于困境中 Put sb into a dilemma 使某人陷入困境 Get out of the dilemma 摆脱进退两难的境地 Face the dilemma about/of… 面对……困境 Moral dilemma 道德困境 dilemma [ dɪ'lemə] n. 进退两难的境地; 困境 Sometimes, you may fall into a dillemma __________ you find it hard to decide what to do. where/in which faint [feɪnt] v.昏倒;晕厥 adj.不清楚的; 微弱的 a faint smile 淡淡一笑 a faint light 微弱的光 A faint hope 一丝希望 faint memory 模糊的记忆 a faint glow/glimmer/light 微弱的光亮 / 闪光 / 光 They don't have the faintest chance of winning.他们毫无获胜的可能。 She suddenly felt faint.她突然感到快要昏倒。 to faint from hunger饿昏过去 marriage ['mærɪdʒ] n. 结婚; 婚姻 marry sb 与某人结婚 be married (to sb) （与……结婚）【表状态】 get married (to sb) (与……结婚） 【表动作】 marry v.结婚 married adj.已婚的 unmarried adj.未婚的 majority [mə'dʒɒrəti] n. 大部分;大多数 a/the majority of...大多数… be in a/the majority占大部分/大多数 be in the minority占少数 Major in 主修…… major adj.主要的; v.主修；n.专业；主修课程 minor adj. 少数的（反义词） minority n.少数；少数民族 complain [kəm'pleɪn] v.抱怨; 埋怨; 发牢骚 complain (to sb. )about sth. 向某人抱怨某事 = make a complaint to sb. about sth. complain about/of sth: 抱怨; 埋怨 complain (to sb.) that+句子 (向某人)抱怨…… make a complaint 投诉 a letter of complaint 投诉信 complaint n. 抱怨 类似变化：weigh称重→weight重量; join连接→joint接头 respond [rɪ'spɒnd] v.回答;回复; 做出反应; 回应 respond to sb/sth　　对……对出反应/答复 in response to 为了回应；作为对……的回应 make/give (no) response to 对……(不)做出反应/回答 response n. 反应;回答;回复 她没有回答我的问题,这使我非常生气。 She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　,which made me very angry.(response)  She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　,which made me very angry.(respond)  made no response to my question didn’t respond to my question reject ['riːdʒekt] v. 拒绝接受;不录用; 拒收 reject sb./sth: 拒绝接受; 不录用; 拒收 reject doing sth 拒绝做某事 rejection n．拒绝；抛弃；否决 reject ['riːdʒekt] v. 拒绝接受;不录用; 拒收 1. The supermarket rejected all spotted apples. ___________ 2. He tried to join the army but was rejected because of poor health. ___________ 3. The patient rejected the transplanted heart. ___________ 4. It is hard for me to reject religious beliefs. ___________ 5. Be prepared for lots of rejections before you find a job. ___________ 丢弃 拒绝 排斥 放弃 拒绝 appoint [ə'pɔɪnt] v. 任命;委派 appoint sb as/ to be …… 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 任命某人去做某事 make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人预约/约会 keep/break an/the appointment 守/违(爽)约 appointment n.任命；约定 appointed adj.约定的的；指定的 elect [ɪ'lekt] v. 选举;推选; 决定 elect sb (as) …… 选举某人为…… elect to do sth 决定做某事 a general election 大选 election n.选举;推选 elect [ɪ'lekt] v. 选举;推选; 决定 1. Increasing numbers of people elect ___________ (work) from home nowadays. 2. The group elected one of its members ___________ (be) their spokesperson. 3. The school board（校董会）is made up of parents who have __________ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs. 4. Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected ___________ assistant to my English teacher.（2015 陕西） 5. The recent ___________ (elect) has been the only thing on the news for the last three days. been elected as to work to be election tend [tend] v. 照顾; 照料; 倾向; 趋于 tend （to） sb 照顾，照料 tend to sth 趋向于 tend to do sth 往往，倾向于 tendency n.趋势 这位病人很容易昏倒，所以我们要耐心照顾她。 This patient ____________, so we should _____ her _________. 人们年纪大时往往会发胖。 People tend to get fat when they grow older. tends to faint tend patiently tend [tend] v. 照顾; 照料; 倾向; 趋于 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Boys tended _________ (play) with more complex puzzles than girls.（2020 全国） 2. Sofia was in the bedroom tending _________ her sick mother. 3. More and more children tend __________ obesity（肥胖）. to play to to / towards principle ['prɪnsəpl] n.道德原则; 法则; 原则 a man of principle 有原则的人 in principle 原则上；理论上 stick to the principles 坚持原则 形近词: principal adj.最重要的,主要的 n.校长 He has high moral principles. 他很有道德原则。 Stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it. 要恪守自己的原则 principle ['prɪnsəpl] n.道德原则; 法则; 原则  原理；原则 （基本义） （机器等的）工作原理；（自然界的）定律  道德准则；行为 准则 行为的基本原则 事物运作的科学 原则 principle ['prɪnsəpl] n.道德原则; 法则; 原则 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. In this lesson, you will learn the basic principles of art. _________ 2. A true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of visiting the place.（2021 全国改） _________ 3. No one can fail to stand in awed（令人敬畏的）admiration of the great discoveries of history — Newton’s laws of motion, Kepler’s principles of planetary movement, Einstein’s general theory of relativity. _________ 定律 原则 原理 without principle matter of principle against my principles in principle Three Principles of the People 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. Anyway, I can’t cheat him — it’s ___________________（违背我的原则）. 2. He won’t give in as it is a _________________（原则问题）. 3. He’s a man who’s entirely _________________（没有原则）. 4. While Mr Buffett’s advice is sound ________________（原则上）, it is not easy to put into practice. 5. Dr. Sun Yat-sen developed the well-known “ _____________________（三民主义）.” scared [skeəd] adj. 害怕的; 对…感到惊慌/恐惧的 be scared of sth. 害怕某物 be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 be scared that... 害怕…… =afraid/frightened/terrified (adj) scary adj.吓人的，恐怖的 scare v. 惊吓; 使害伯 scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的 sharp [ʃɑːp ] adj.(增长/下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的 a sharp knife 锋利的刀 a sharp rise/increase 急剧上升 sharp eyes敏锐的眼睛 sharp criticism尖锐的批评 a sharp cry 尖叫 a sharp bend 急转弯 sharply adv.严厉地；猛烈地；急剧地 sharpen v．使变锋利 sharpener n．铅笔刀；磨具 an sharp increase sharp语义网络图 尖的 （基本义） 刀具等“尖的” 感官或头脑“尖的” 锋利的；尖的 感官敏锐的；（人）机灵的 言语“尖的” 角度、变化等“尖的” 感觉或感情上“尖的” 声音“尖的” （言辞等）尖刻的；严厉的 （角度、变化等） 急剧的 剧烈的；猛烈的 尖厉的；刺耳的 sharp [ʃɑːp ] adj.(增长/下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Dogs have a very sharp sense of smell. _______________ 2. The boss can be very sharp with people when she’s busy. _______________ 3. Official figures show a sharp decline in the number of wild animals in the area. _______________ 4. Humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals. （2019 江苏） _______________ 5. We’re meeting at ten-thirty sharp. _______________ 很敏锐的嗅觉 对人很尖刻 急剧下降 尖的 十点半整 accident ['æksɪdənt ] n.事故;车祸;失事 by accident/chance 偶然地，意外地 =by mistake 无意的 by design = on purpose 有意地, 故意地 a car/ road/ traffic accident 车祸/公路事故/交通 have an accident 出事故 accidental adj.意外的 accidentally adv.意外地 accident ['æksɪdənt ] n.事故;车祸;失事 根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. His left knee was hurt in ___________________（一场交通事故）. 2. The train ___________________（出了事故）and many passengers were injured. 3. The baby knocked the vase off ___________________（意外地）. 4. Meeting you was the most ___________________（美丽的意外）in my life. a traffic accident had an accident by accident beautiful accident operation [ˌɒpə‘reɪʃn] n. 手术；企业；经营 be in operation在运转；在行动中；在实施中 come/go into operation开始工作/生效 put/bring...into operation实施；实行 operate on/upon sb. 给某人动手术 “经营， 管理”表达：manage；operate；run operate v. 操作; 使用; 动手术 operator n.操作员;经营者 cooperation n.合作 operate & operation的语义网络图 工作 operate 基本义 机器工作 人使设备工作 工作产生的作用 （使）运行；（使）运转 操作；使用 起作用；奏效 医护人员工作 政企人员工作 动手术；开刀 经营；管理 运行；运转；操作 经营；运营 企业；团体 手术 行动 （计算机的） 运算；操作 operate operation operation [ˌɒpə‘reɪʃn] n. 手术；企业；经营 1. Operation of the device is extremely simple. ______ 2. Many small businesses fail in the first year of operation. ______ 3. He’s got to have an operation on his stomach. ______ 4. The rescue operation began on Friday afternoon. ______ 5. The whole mathematical operation is performed in less than three seconds. ______ 6. It’s time to put our plan into operation. ______ 7. BCC buses operate from 5:30 am to 11:00 pm Monday to Thursday. ______ 操作 经营 手术 行动 运算 执行 运行 二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. The device has a single button, allowing for easy _________ (operate). 2. She’s going to need an operation _______ her shoulder. 3. The lab is ________ operation. The move for the Engineers should be completed next week. 4. They were trying to reduce ____________ (operate) costs. on in operation operating 词根 port port （to carry 拿、带、运） re-: 回 (back) report 报道（把消息、情况等带回） sup-: 在……下 (underneath) support 支持；支撑（在下面拿着、支撑着） trans-: 横过 / 越过 (over / across) transport（从一方运到另一方） ex-: 出 (out) export（将物品运出某国） im-: 入 (into) import（将物品运入某国） de-: 分开，离开(away) deport（将人带离某国） assist [ə'sɪst] v.帮助; 援助 assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人 come to one’s assistance 援助某人 with the assistance/help of... 在……的帮助下 assistance n.帮助; 援助 assistant n.助手; 助理; 副手 词语积累： a senior assistant 高级助理 a personal assistant 私人助理 a shop assistant店员 pass away 去世 pass sb sth= pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人 pass by 经过; (时间)过去 pass down 把...流传下去，强调下一代 pass on 传递 pass out 分发;分配;昏倒 pass through 经过；路过 pass up 放弃;错过(机会等) die v. 死亡 death n. 死;死亡 dead adj. 死的 deadly adj. 致命的 dying a. 濒死的 chain [tʃeɪn] n. 一连串(人或事);链子;链条 a chain of 一连串的;一系列的 a chain of supermarkets= a supermarket chain: 连锁超市 set off a series of chain reaction 引起一系列的连锁反应 chain [tʃeɪn] n. 一连串(人或事);链子;链条 链条 （基本义） 连锁店； 连锁集团 金属“链条” 一系列； 一连串 店铺等构成的“链条” 事件等构成的“链条” 链子；链条；锁链 n v 用链拴住；束缚 chain [tʃeɪn] n. 一连串(人或事);链子;链条 根据句意写出画线部分的汉语意思。 1. She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck. ___________ 2. Before he started Wagamama, he had tried to set up a Chinese fast-food chain in Britain. ___________ 3. Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. ___________ 4. The book examines the chain of events that led to the revolution（革命）. ___________ 5. I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. ___________ 6. Volunteers formed a human chain to save things from the burning house. ___________ 7. I received a key chain with my initials（名字缩写）. ___________ 连锁快餐店  金项链  用链子拴住  一连串事件   束缚  钥匙链  排成一条长龙  tear [tɪə(r)] n. 眼泪; 泪水 burst into tears =burst out crying 突然大哭起来 be bathed in tears 泪流满面 be moved to tears 感动得流泪 be close to tears 快流泪了 in tears 流着泪；含着泪 hold back ones tears 强忍住泪水 tear [tɪə(r)] n. 眼泪; 泪水 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Take the book from Alice; she will tear it. __________ 2. My wife burst into tears when she heard the bad news. __________ 3. The child’s misery（悲惨）tore my heart. __________ 4. War and revolution have torn families apart. __________ 撕（破） 突然哭了 使我心碎 使分开 / 使分离 harm [hɑːm] n./v. 伤害; 损害 be of great harm 危害极大的 do sb/sth harm=do harm to sb/sth 对某人/物有害 be harmful to 对……有害 There is no harm (in) doing sth 做某事无害处 harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的 flexible ['fleksəbl] adj. 灵活的;可变通的 flexible working hours 弹性工作时间 deal with the problems in his work flexibly 在工作中灵活处理问题 flexibly adv. 灵活地 flexibility n.灵活性 inflexible adj.（材料）坚硬的，不能弯曲的 flexible ['fleksəbl] adj. 灵活的;可变通的 一、根据句意，选出下列句子中flexible的释义。 a. 可变通的；灵活的 b. 易弯曲的；柔韧的 1. The inventors said the material becomes flexible when wet, so they’re exploring ways to use it in wet environments. ______ 2. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned.（2014 浙江） ______ 二、翻译下列句子。 1. 弹性的工作时间是女性择业考虑的重要因素。 ___________________ are a major career consideration for women. 2. 他在这个问题上寸步不让。 He’s completely _______ on the subject. b a Flexible working hours inflexible 1. _________ adj.道德的 ---____________adv道义上;道德上--______________ adj.不道德的;邪恶的 2. ___________ n. 事故；车祸；失事→___________ adj. 意外的；偶然的→____________ adv. 偶然地 3. ___________ vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于→____________ n. 趋势；趋向 4. ___________ v.(和某人) 结婚;嫁;娶------ ___________ adj.已婚的---- ___________n.结婚;婚姻 5. ___________adj.主要的;重要的;大的----___________ .n.大部分;大多数 6. ___________ v.抱怨;埋怨;发牢骚-----_____________n.不满的原因;抱怨;埋怨 7. ___________ v.回答,回应----- ________________n. 回答, 答复_________________adj. 响应的;应答的;回答的 8. ___________n. 联盟, 协会;工会;联合 --- ___________vt. 使…联合;使…团结vi. 团结;联合--- __________adj. 统一的;团结的--- __________ n. 团结;一致;联合;个体 9. ______________ n.奖学金　--- __________n.学者;奖学金获得者 moral morally immoral marry married marriage major majority complain complaint accident tend response respond responsive union unite united unity scholarship scholar tendency accidental accidentally 10._________ v.拒绝接受;拒收-----___________ n.拒绝;否决;抛弃-----____________ adj.被拒的;不合格的 11.___________ v.任命;委任;安排----____________________n约会;约定;任命----______________ adj.被任命的 12.___________ v.出版;发行----_______________ n.出版人;发行人-___________________n.出版;发行;发布 13.___________v.(使)退休-----___________ adj.已退休的----_______________n.退休 14.___________ v.使惊吓;使害怕-----___________ adj.吓人的----___________adj.害怕的 15.____________n.记忆力;回忆----______________vt.记住;记忆 16._________vt.帮助;援助----_______________n.帮助;援助----_____________n.助手;助理 reject rejection rejected appoint appointed appointment publish publisher publishment retire retired retirement scared scare scary memory memorise =memorize assist assistance assistant =publication 17.____________n./vt. 伤害;损害----_____________adj. 有害的;能造成损害的----_____________adj. 无害的;无恶意的 18.____________adj.灵活的;可变通的-----___________adv.灵活地;可变通地-----______________n. 弹性;灵活性;适应性 19.___________ adj.神经紧张的;担心的vt.&vi.变得紧张;使拉紧-----___________ n.紧张 20.___________ n.进口-----___________ v.出口 tense tension import export harm harmful harmless flexible flexibly flexibility 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Words and Expressions 新人教必修三 Unit 2 Thank You ! $$