训练15 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修4同步练测（外研版2019）

训练十五 SectionⅢ Developing ideas Presenting ideas (drill)will continue on the site [基础语用题] to assess the dimensions of the new I,单词拼写 oilfield. 1.Oil pollution could damage the fragile 5.Eight kilometres is roughly equivalent ecology of the (珊瑚)reefs. five miles. 2.In order not to be heard,she pointed her V.完成句子 finger (向上)to signal that 1.Correct the mistakes in the sentences someone was moving about upstairs. please. 3. (沉船)from the Second World 如果句子中有错误的话，请把它们改正过 War could cause catastrophic damage to 来。（省略） the environment,scientists have warned. 2.The witnesses 4.There is no denying that soil consists of gave very different descriptions of the fight. various chemical (物质). 刚才被警察询问的证人对打架作出了不同 5.Bend the end section of the contact wire a 的描述。 few (毫米)upwards. 3.It appears Ⅱ.短语填空 看来她对自己的工作已失去兴趣。 at the rate of;as well as;beyond the reach 4. the police will soon of:open up:be familiar to look into the case of two missing children. 1.She put the medicine on the top shelf 据报道警方将很快调查两个孩子失踪的 her son. 案件。 2.The company has decided to this 5.Many of the men were area for business. by machine gun fire. 3.Immediately he was flying through the air 许多人被机关枪的火力射死或射伤。 dozens of miles a minute. (either...or...) 4.The next kind of animal behavior I want to [能力提升题] talk about might you. 5.The pencil-box on the desk 【.阅读理解 the bookmarks belongs to my little sister. (2022·淄博高二期末)Archaeologists Ⅲ.单句语法填空 (考古学家)have recently identified the 1.We don't believe it's the reach of oldest known human burial in Africa during human power. field work,which uncovered the remains of a 2.The style of the speech is (note)】 child laid carefully to rest in a grave(墓穴) because it is so brief and simple. nearly 80,000 years ago. 3 (archaeology)research,as well Researchers discovered the delicate and as monitoring and warning systems,will degraded bones while excavating(挖掘)the also help. floor at the mouth of the Panga ya Saidi cave 61 高中英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) in the tropical uplands of Kenya's coastal:2.What does the underlined word "encase" plain about 10 miles from the shore.The mean in the third paragraph? team unearthed the edge of the grave and the A.Remove. B.Take. first pieces of bone in 2013,but the bones C.Wrap. D.Decorate. were so fragile that they turned to dust when 3.Why did the researchers take the grave to the scientists tried to remove them.Over the the lab? next four years,the researchers excavated A.To have further study. the grave from above,discovering yet more B.To use 3D-X-ray equipment. bones,but even after applying some special C.To preserve the burial sites. material,it was still too weak to recover. D.To measure the bones. The researchers decided to dig around 4.Where does this text probably come from? the circular pit,roughly 40cm wide and 13cm A.A technology report. deep,and encase the whole grave in plaster B.A recipe book. (石膏)so it could safely be lifted from the C.A science magazine. ground.The block was taken to the National D.An economics paper. Museum in Nairobi and on to a specialist lab Ⅱ.阅读七选五 in Spain where the material was excavated (2022·广州高二期末)Let a great book further and then imaged with 3D X-ray to the heart,and we discover a new world,a equipment.The images show that the child world of dreams and magic.To enter and was laid on their right side with knees tied enjoy this new world,we need to love and towards the chest.The bones had not fallen explain literature.Behind every book is a apart in the grave,leading the researchers to man,behind the man is the race,and behind suspect the body was wrapped tightly before the race are the natural and social burial.Dating found the bones to be about 78,000 years old,according to the study environments.In a word,we wish to enjoy published in Nature. and understand literature.1 Archaeologists have also found age-old The first quality of literature is its human burial sites outside Africa.Human description of truth and beauty.In fact,we remains recovered from burials in the Skhul are surrounded with truth and beauty.2 cave on the slopes of Mount Carmel in Israel Men pass a field and see only dead grass;but and Qafzeh cave near Nazareth are between a poet stops and looks deeper,saying, 90,000 and 130,000 years old. “Yesterday's flowers am I.”One who reads 1.What do we know about the human burial? it can see the beauty that was hidden from A.The child in the grave was casually his eyes. laid. The second quality is its appeal to our B.The bones were easily taken from the feelings and imagination.3 When grave. Christopher asks in the presence of Helen, C.Some special material was found in the "Was this the face that launched a thousand grave. ships?"he opens a door through which our D.It was confirmed to have the longest imagination enters a new world,a world of history in Africa. love and heroism. 62 The third quality is its permanence.To:but in many Middle Eastern countries men achieve this,it should contain two elements: and women should avoid 6. (make) universal humanity and personal style.4 eye contact.In most countries,7. It also takes on a personal style-no writer (shake)one's head means“no”,and nodding can describe human life without reflecting his means“yes”.By contrast,in Bulgaria and own life and experiences. southern Albania,the gestures have the 5 It is also the written record of opposite meaning.In countries like France man's thoughts and feelings,and the history and Russia,people may kiss their friends on of the human soul. 8. cheek when they meet. A.The first step is to determine some of its Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands, significant qualities. bowing from the waist,or nodding the head B.Its attraction lies more in what it when they meet someone else. awakens in us than what it says. All in all,body language 9. C.Therefore,what amazes us about (vary)from culture to culture,but it is safe literature is its essential qualities. 10. follow)the golden rule- D.In summary,literature is the expression When in Rome,do as the Romans do. of life in forms of truth and beauty. W.应用文写作 E.Good literature reflects basic human 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Fred发 nature-love and hate,joy and sadness. 来邮件，说他对大自然中的一些未解之谜很 F.Literature will provide us with a vivid 感兴趣，并希望你能把你了解的未解之谜介 picture of what will happen in future 绍给他。请给他回信，介绍喜马拉雅山“雪人 life. Yeti”。要点如下： G.But some remain unnoticed until a 1.出现地点：喜马拉雅山： sensitive human soul brings them to our 2.相关信息： attention. (1)传说他们体型巨大，全身长毛，能 Ⅲ.语法填空 像人一样行走。 (2022·台州高二期中)Gestures can (2)科学家曾发现“雪人”的毛发和脚 1. use to express people's 印，猜想他们是古老北极熊的后代 thoughts and opinions in their interactions (descendant)。 2. other people,3. 3.研究结论：尚无科学证据证实其真实 means we can learn a lot about 4. people 存在。 are thinking by watching their body 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 language.However,in different countries the same gesture may have different meanings.For example,in some countries, looking into the eyes of the person you are talking t05. (be)a way to display interest, 63句引导词在从句中作do的宾语，表示“人们会做什：2.G根据后文“Men pass a field and see only dead grass:but 么”。综上，应用连接代词what引导该同位语从句。 a poet stops and looks deeper,saying,'Yesterday's flowers 故填what。 am I'One who reads it can see the beauty that was hidden 答案what from his eyes.”可知，后文诗人的例子说明G选项“但是有 训练十五SectionⅢI Developing ideas& 些东西一直没有被注意到，直到一个敏感的人类灵魂让它 Presenting ideas 们引起我们的注意”特合语境，故选G。 基础语用题 3.B根据上文“The second quality is its appeal to our I.1.coral 2.upwards 3.Shipwrecks 4.substances feelings and imagination,.”以及后文“When Christopher 5.millimetres asks in the presence of Helen...enters a new world,a II.1.beyond the reach of 2.open up 3.at the rate of world of love and heroism.”可知，本段主要说明的是文 4.be familiar to 5.as well as 学能吸引我们的情感和想象力。B选项“它的吸引力更 Ill.1.beyond 2.notable 3.Archaeological 4.Drilling 多地在于它唤醒了我们内在的东西，而不是它说了什 5.to 么。”符合语境，故选B。 IV.1.if any 2.questioned by the police just now 3.as if 4.E根据上文“The third quality is its permanence.To she's lost interest in her job 4.It is reported that achieve this,it should contain two elements:universal 5.either killed or wounded humanity and personal style."可知，上文提到文学要反 能力提升题 映人性，本句应承接上文具体说明反映人类哪些人性， I,[语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了考古学 E选项中human nature对应上文中universal 家在非洲发现人类墓穴的挖瓶和研究过程。此基穴距今 humanity.,E选项“好的文学作品反映了人类的基本本 约8万年，遗骸出土即风化，考古学家不得不将墓穴整体 性一爱与恨，喜与悲。”符合语境，故选E。 移出以方便研究。同时，考古学家在非洲以外的地区还发 5.D据后文“It is also the written record of man's 现了更为古老的墓穴， thoughts and feelings,and the history of the human 1.D细节理解题。根据第一段“Archaeologists(考古学 s0ul,”可知，本句位于本段最后一句，应再次对文学的 have recently identified the oldest known human 特性进行总结，D选项中literature对应后文it。D选项 burial in Africa during field work,”可知，文中identified “总之，文学是以真善美的形式表现生活的。”符合语境， 和选项D中的confirmed是同义词。，故选D. 故选D。 2.C词义猜测题。根据第三段“The researchers decided Ⅲ.[语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在 to dig around the...grave in plaster()so it could 不同的国家，相同的手势可能有不同的含义。 safely be lifted from the ground.”可知，考古学家决定 1.解析考查动词的语态。主语Gestures与use之间是 整体撒走墓穴，周此要用石膏把墓穴整体“包裹”起来方 被动关系，应使用被动语态，且cn后跟动词原形。故 便移动。故选C。 填be used。 3.A细节理解题。根据第三段“The block was taken to 答案be used the National...excavated further and then imaged with 2解析考查介词。表示“与某人的互动”短语为 3DX-ray equipment..”可知，研究人员将墓穴带到实验 interaction with sb.。故填with。 室的日的是进一步研究慕穴，使用3DX成像技术来了 答案with 解基穴内的状况，因此选项A符合文意。故选A。 3.解析考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰 4.C文章出处题。根据最后一段“Archaeologists have 上文楚个句子，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which also found age-old human...near Nazareth are between 引导。故填which。 90,000and130,000 years old."可知，文章介绍考古发 答案which 现，属于科学范畴。同时，时效性不是很强，因此来源于 4解析考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少 科学杂志更特合文意。故远C。 宾语，指事情，故填what。 Ⅱ，[语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 答案what 文学的一些重要特性，我们需要热爱和解释文学，且我们 5.解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处在讲述客规 希望享受和理解文学。 事实应用一般现在时，主语是动名词短语，谓语动词应 l.A根据上文“Let a great book to the heart,and we 用单数形式。故填is。 discover a new world,a world of dreams... 答案is environments.In a word,we wish to enjoy and 6.解析考查非谓语动词。表示“避免做某事”短语为 understand literature,."以及后文“The first quality of avoid doing sth.。故填making. literature is its description of truth and beauty.","The 答案making second quality is its appeal to our feelings and 7,解析考查非谓语动词。此处应使用动名词作主语，表 imagination.”,“The third quality is its permanence,."可 示一般性的行为，故填shaking. 知，上文提到了享受和理解文学，后文则提到了文学的 答案shaking 3个特性，可知本句是在说明文学的特性，A选项中 8.解析考查冠词。结合句意表示“亲吻某人的脸颇”短 qualities对应后文中quality。A选项“第一步是确定它 语为kiss sb.on the cheek。故填the。 的一些重要特性，”符合语境，故选A。 答案the 28 9.解析考查主谓一致。此处在讲述客观事实句子用一 the Temple of Heaven.”以及结合其他三个景点可知， 般现在时，主语为body language,谓语动词用第三人称 只有重庆人民广场是人文景观，在重庆市区，其他几个 单数形式。故填varies。 景观都是远离市区的自然景观，所以可以推断重庆人民 答案varies 广场离市区更近。故选C。 10.解析考查非谓语动词。此处为固定句式itis十形容 [语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有史 词十todo,it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。 以来最大、最精致、最复杂的天文望远镜一Hubble望远 故填to follow。 镜的相关信息。 答案to follow 4.C段落大意题，通过文章第二段“NASA fuels it with N.[参考范文] the largest power source we know-the sun,with two Dear Fred, large solar panels capturing sunlight,”可知，文章的第 At your request,I'm writing to introduce the Yeti,a 二段主要介绍了Hubble的能量来源。故选C。 mysterious wild creature found in the Himalayas,to you. 5.C细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“during the fifth Actually,people have never stopped the search for and final servicing mission”可知，Hubble望远镜被修理 the wild creatures which are said to be large,hairy 了五次。故选C。 animals with the ability to walk like human beings.So far, 6.D细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“Although it scientists have made several scientific searches for the has nearly doubled its expected...continues to be one of Yetis but they only found some indirect evidence such as the most important tools to learn about the universe. hair and footprints,which made them guess the Yetis 可知，Hubble望远镜已经运行了超过三十周年，这比它 might be the descendants of ancient polar bears.Though 的预期寿命几乎翻了一番，所以它的预期寿命是十五年 there have been various statements and arguments about 左右。故选D。 the real existence of the Yeti,no scientific evidence has 7.B推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“answering new proved it.People still hope to throw some light on this puzzles requires more powerful telescopes.Its legendary mystery. life will come to an end due to the aging of its That's what I know about the Yeti and I hope you components..”可推知，Hubble望远镜的组件老化，将被 will be interested in it. 未来的望远镜所取代。故选B。 Yours. Ⅱ，[语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一 Li Hua 些花更多阅读时间的简单方法。 训练十六Section I Starting out& L.A根据上文“Some people set unrealistic goals for Understanding ideas themselves like one book a week.Obviously you don't 基础语用题 have to be as radical as that.You can start by reading a I.1.shadow 2.crew 3.notion 4.screamed book a month.Or a book every two month even.”可知， 5.suspended 读书的目标因人而异，即由个人情况而定。故A选项 II.1.become accustomed to 2.cast a shadow on 3.be “由你决定。”符合语境，故选A。 aware of 4.set foot on 5.took off 2.G根据后文“On the bus,on the subway,at your Ⅲ，1，suspension2.on3.accustomed4.exceptional lunch break or when you're at the gym.You won't 5.Tragically regret it,I promise.."可知，后文列举了一系列读书的场 I.1.How interesting 2.No matter how hard her life is 所，可见是在建议利用每一个可能进行阅读的时刻。故 3.a large book under his arm 4.operated on the other G选项“当你有时间享受文宇的艺术时，利用每一个可 day 5.Having driven all day 能的时刻，”符合语境，故选G。 能力提升题 3.E根据上文“Sometimes our mind will make up all I,[语篇导读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了重 kinds of excuses not to do something.Not to get out of 庆的几个自然和文化景观。 bed.Not to clean the house.Not to shower.The trick to 】.A细节理解题。根据Fengjie Tiankeng Ground Joint部 get over this mental block is to just pick up the book 分的“The Tiankeng pit is666 meters deep and is currently and read!”以及后文“Just do it.Once you start reading, the deepest tiankeng in the world.”可知，奉节天抗地深666 ifit's a good book,it's quite difficult to stop.”可知，后 米。故选A。 文提到了想做就做，即在行动前不要想太多，直接去做 2.B细节理解题。根据Youyang Peach Garden部分的 会更好。故E选项“不要在行动中投入太多的思想。”符 "The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters 合语境，故选E。 long,with winding corridors,deep underground rivers, 4.B根据本段内客“Wherever I go,I've always got a book and colorful stalactites..”可知，在百阳桃因可以看到钟 with me.Whenever I'm at home,a book is always near.That 乳石。故选B。 way,I don't have to think much when the idea that I should 3.C推理判断题。根据Chongging People's Square部 maybe spend my free time reading comes into my head.I just 分的“Chongqing's Great Hall of the People,one of the grab the book and start reading.”可知，本段提到了作者总 landmarks of Chongqing,gives people the deepest 是保证身边有书，故B选项“总是让你的书在仲手可及的 impression than its magnificent appearance resembling 地方。”符合语境，故选B。 29