精品解析：广东省清远市清新区四校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期12月期末模拟预测英语试题

清新区2024～2025学年高二12月期末四校联考 英语试题 满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Becoming a Nature Lover through Citizen Science Citizen Science is an education series featuring workshops on a variety of topics in a relaxed and inspiring environment. There is no monetary registration fee; instead, each instructor suggests items or services they will accept in exchange for class participation. Our volunteer instructors prepare based on how many people sign up, so please only sign up if you will actually attend. Date Friday, May 4 Time 8: 30am—10: 30 am Class description Interested in studying nature, feeling more connected to your surroundings, helping the natural environment, but not sure where to start? Join us on a PowerPoint tour through the instructor’s favorite citizen science platforms that apply to our region. Just through being observant on a daily walk, you can submit meaningful data to scientists who will use your data to take meaningful conservation steps! We’ll show you how! It’s easy! Suggested items in exchange for this class *Baked snacks *Homemade preserved foods *Houseplants *Nature art (draw me a picture?) About the instructor Kelsey Frey is the manager of education and outreach (外展服务) for York County Parks, part-time environmental educator for Lancaster County Parks, and runs her own business, Creative Nature Works, in her spare time. Kelsey’s passionate about many natural history topics, including butterflies, and landscaping with native plants. 1. Who are most likely to attend the class? A. Art lovers. B. Outdoor fitness lovers. C. Volunteers fond of cooking D. Local people interested in nature. 2. Which of the following can participants provide in exchange for the class? A. Second-hand clothes. B. Homemade tomato sauce. C. An unused honey pot. D. A newly bought notebook. 3. What can we learn about the instructor? A. She is a full-time teacher. B. She manages Lancaster County Parks. C She is in charge of Creative Nature Works. D. She is actively busy with community work. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍是Citizen Science这个教育课程。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Time部分的“Interested in studying nature, feeling more connected to your surroundings, helping the natural environment, but not sure where to start? Join us on a PowerPoint tour through the instructor’s favorite citizen science platforms that apply to our region.(对研究自然感兴趣，感觉与周围的环境更紧密相连，帮助自然环境，但不确定从哪里开始？加入我们的PowerPoint之旅，浏览讲师最喜欢的适用于我们地区的公民科学平台。)”可知，当地对大自然感兴趣的人最有可能来上课。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Suggested items in exchange for this class部分的“Homemade preserved foods(自制的保存食物)”可知，参与者可以提供自制番茄酱作为课程的交换，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据About the instructor部分的“Kelsey Frey is the manager of education and outreach for York County Parks, part-time environmental educator for Lancaster County Parks, and runs her own business, Creative Nature Works, in her spare time.(凯尔西·弗雷是York County Parks的教育和推广经理，Lancaster County Parks的兼职环境教育家，并在业余时间经营着自己的企业——Creative Nature Works。)”可知，导师是负责Creative Nature Works的。故选C。 B A few years ago, a doctor gave a wrong prescription to a 9-year-old boy because he had accidentally clicked the next medicine listed in the drop-down menu. Unfortunately, the boy died. Dr. Gidi Stein heard the story and felt forced to do something. “It was like killing someone with a spelling error. He just clicked on the wrong button…Stein said. “One would have thought there’d be some kind of spell-checker to prevent these terrible things from happening. But apparently this is not the case.” Several things were immediately obvious to the 54-year-old Stein, who had previously studied computer science. “If you look at this problem from a bird’s eye view, there were so many places down the line where this decision could have been stopped-from the physician to the pharmacy (药房) even to the mother. All of them had all the relevant information to have the judgment that this was just the wrong drug for the wrong patient. For Stein, it represented a systematic failure. Stein compared this with credit cards. “If you use your credit card in the daily routine over time, a pattern emerges of how we use our cards : the grocery store, the gas station in our local town. If your credit card would appear tomorrow in Zimbabwe, it would be unusual. The credit card company would call you and say, “‘Hey, was that you?’” But nothing like that existed in the field of prescription drugs. So Stein set up a company called MedAware. He came up with a machine learning outliner detection system. In other words, he trained the computers to realize if a doctor accidentally prescribed the wrong medicine. The system is already used in hospitals and doctor5 s offices. To date, MedAware has used their technology to help nearly six million patients in the United States and Israel. 4. What caused the boy’s death? A. The doctor’s carelessness. B. The doctor’s poor medical skill. C. The failure of the computer. D. The incomplete health care system. 5. How did Dr. Gidi Stein react to the boy’s death? A. He was annoyed and put the blame on the doctor only. B. He was regretful and tried to prevent similar accidents happening. C. He was embarrassed and mistook it as a systematic failure. D. He was confused and detected the mistakes in prescriptions himself. 6. What does Stein want to tell us by mentioning credit cards? A. Credit cards are available for doctors’ prescriptions. B. Instructions in using credit cards are offered to users. C. The boy might have been saved with the technology like credit cards. D. MedAware’s technology will benefit the patients in Zimbabwe. 7. It can be concluded from the text that ________. A. MedAware’s technology helps doctors choose right medicine B. MedAware’s technology checks the prescriptions doctors make out C. Medical industry worldwide has enjoyed MedAware’s technology D. The boy? s mother was not to blame for his death during the accident 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Dr. Gidi Stein从一次医疗事故中受到启发，从而研发出了一种技术来帮助医生检查是否开错了药，来确保病人正确的用药。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中A few years ago, a doctor gave a wrong prescription to a 9-year-old boy because he had accidentally clicked the next medicine listed in the drop-down menu. Unfortunately, the boy died.可知几年前，一个医生给一个9岁的男孩开了一个错误的处方，因为他不小心点击了下拉菜单中列出的下一种药。不幸的是，男孩死了。由此可知，医生的粗心大意造成了男孩的死亡。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It was like killing someone with a spelling error. He just clicked on the wrong button…Stein said. “One would have thought there’d be some kind of spell-checker to prevent these terrible things from happening. But apparently this is not the case.”可知“这就像杀了一个拼写错误的人。他只是点错了按钮……Stein说。“人们会认为会有某种拼写检查程序来防止这些可怕的事情发生。但显然情况并非如此。”由此可推知Dr. Gidi Stein对男孩的死很遗憾，结合后文Stein开发识别处方错误的软件可知，Stein试图阻止类似的事故发生。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中If your credit card would appear tomorrow in Zimbabwe, it would be unusual. The credit card company would call you and say, “‘Hey, was that you?’”可知如果你信用卡明天出现在津巴布韦，这将是不寻常的。信用卡公司会打电话给你，说:“嘿，是你吗?”结合后文提到了Stein开发出可以识别处方错误的软件，由此可推知，Stein是将信用卡发现使用不寻常的情况与自己的软件发现处方错误相比较，以此来告诉我们这项技术将拯救许多死于医生失误的孩子。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中In other words, he trained the computers to realize if a doctor accidentally prescribed the wrong medicine.可知换句话说，他训练计算机去识别是否医生不小心开错了药。由此可推知，MedAware公司的技术是检查医生开出的处方的。故选B。 C It’s said that Thomas Edison found an unusual way to enjoy piano music. As someone played, the famous inventor, who had been deaf, would move close to the instrument and bite it. In his own words, it allowed him to “hear through his teeth”. Robert Friedman, who was in the business of buying and selling pianos, recently showed off marks on a piano that was once owned by Edison. The piano had groups of small marks above the keyboard. He was surprised by the tooth marks left by the inventor of the phonograph (留声机) , a music playing device. Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. Edison ever asked for the piano at the lowest price. When he bought the piano and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sound recording. He owned the instrument for many years, so it was possibly used in early recordings. There aren’t photographs of Edison biting this piano. But he was thought to bite into phonographs and pianos to help him experience music as his hearing worsened. His daughter once remembered that a guest cried on the spot at the sight of Edison biting into a piano as someone played it. Friedman calls himself the piano hunter. He finds and buys the famous pianos from people and then sells them, usually to dealers. But this piano is more complex. He is now looking for the right home for the instrument. Friedman says that he believes that it belongs to someplace where many people can see it. Friedman does not want it to go back into private hands because of its connection to Edison. He has to find a historical group that will buy the piano, which he is offering to sell for what it cost him. 8. What was Edison’s purpose in biting the piano? A. To record his day. B. To enjoy its music. C. To express his anger. D. To mark its importance. 9. Why did Edison buy the piano? A. To perform music. B. To decorate his lab. C. To test the phonograph’s recording. D. To sell it at a very higher price later. 10. How did the guest feel about Edison’s behavior? A. Impressed. B. Pleased. C. Puzzled. D. Embarrassed. 11. What will Friedman do with the piano? A. Give it away. B. Make a fortune C. Sell it at the original price. D. Keep it somewhere for himself. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了托马斯·爱迪生用独特方式欣赏钢琴音乐的趣闻，并介绍了爱迪生发明留声机和他如何用极低的价格购买钢琴进行实验。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s said that Thomas Edison found an unusual way to enjoy piano music. As someone played, the famous inventor, who had been deaf, would move close to the instrument and bite it. In his own words, it allowed him to “hear through his teeth”.(据说托马斯·爱迪生发现了一种不寻常的欣赏钢琴音乐的方式。当有人演奏时，这位耳聋的著名发明家就会走近乐器咬它。用他自己的话来说，这让他能够“透过牙齿听到声音”)”可知，爱迪生咬钢琴的目的是透过牙齿听到声音来欣赏音乐。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. Edison ever asked for the piano at the lowest price. When he bought the piano and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sound recording. He owned the instrument for many years, so it was possibly used in early recordings.(爱迪生在1877年发明了留声机。爱迪生要求以最低的价格买到钢琴。当他买了钢琴并把它放在实验室时，他正在做录音实验。他拥有这台乐器很多年，所以它可能在早期录音中使用过)”可知，爱迪生买钢琴应是来测试留声机的录音效果。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But he was thought to bite into phonographs and pianos to help him experience music as his hearing worsened. His daughter once remembered that a guest cried on the spot at the sight of Edison biting into a piano as someone played it.(但人们认为，随着听力的恶化，他咬着留声机和钢琴来帮助他体验音乐。他的女儿记得有一次，一位客人看到爱迪生咬着别人弹奏的钢琴，当场哭了)”可知，一位客人看到爱迪生为了体验音乐，而咬着别人弹奏的钢琴，当场就哭了。由此推知，这位客人对爱迪生的行为很是钦佩的。故选A项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“He has to find a historical group that will buy the piano, which he is offering to sell for what it cost him.(他必须找到一个愿意购买这架钢琴的历史团体，并以原价出售)”可知，弗里德曼会把钢琴按原价出售。故选C项。 D A lunar crystal (水晶) was found in lunar basalt particles (玄武岩颗粒) collected from the moon in 2020 when the Chinese moon mission landed in Oceanus Procellarum, returning with more than 1.7 kg of lunar samples delivered safely to the Earth. The crystal found on the near side of the moon is giving scientists hope of providing limitless power for the world forever. It is made of material previously unknown to the scientific community and contains a key ingredient for the nuclear fusion (核聚变) process, a form of power generation that uses the same forces that fuel the sun and other stars. It is transparent and roughly the width of a single human hair, and it formed in a region of the moon where volcanoes were active around 1.2 billion years ago. One of the primary ingredients found in this crystal is helium-3 (氦-3) , which scientists believe may provide a stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors. The element is incredibly rare on the Earth, but it seems to be fairly common on the moon. China’s next moon mission is expected to be carried out by Chang’e 6 in 2024, which will attempt to collect the first samples from the far side of the moon, which never faces the Earth. Although it is too early for scientists to have made financial estimates on such a fuel source, it will undoubtedly be extremely costly. There is, of course, the matter of bringing the crystals back from the moon, especially in large amounts that are needed to fuel fusion reactors. Helium-3 produces significantly less radiation and nuclear waste than other elements. The current nuclear fusion process has raised serious safety concerns, and as a result, scientists have been searching for a way to create nuclear power from nuclear fusion. During the fusion process, radioactive waste is not produced, potentially making a securer and more efficient fuel source. Around 25 tons of helium-3 could power the US for a year. Multiple private companies and countries with space agencies have signaled their intentions to mine the moon for helium-3, and this latest discovery could kick start the race. 12. What can we learn about the crystal? A. It is 1.7 centimeters wide. B. It is expected to power the Earth. C It is commonly found on the Earth. D. It is made of previously familiar material. 13. What will Chang’e 6 try to do in the next moon mission? A. Collect up nuclear waste. B. Find out the elements of helium-3. C. Set up lunar nuclear fusion reactors. D. Take back the samples of lunar crystals. 14. What is helium-3 as fuel expected to be like? A. It is low in cost. B. It is clean and safe. C. It absorbs radiation. D. It produces no waste. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. A Struggling Race to Make Crystals B. An Undoubted Discovery Powering the US C. An Efficient Way to Collect Crystals from the Moon D. A Rare Moon Crystal Discovered by Chinese Scientists 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国科学家在从月球上带回的月壤中发现了一种罕见晶体，这种晶体给科学家们带来为世界提供无限能源的希望。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The crystal found on the near side of the moon is giving scientists hope of providing limitless power for the world forever. It is made of material previously unknown to the scientific community and contains a key ingredient for the nuclear fusion (核聚变) process, a form of power generation that uses the same forces that fuel the sun and other stars. It is transparent and roughly the width of a single human hair, and it formed in a region of the moon where volcanoes were active around 1.2 billion years ago.(在月球背面发现的晶体给科学家们带来了希望，即永远为世界提供无限的能源。它是由科学界以前未知的材料制成的，含有核聚变过程的关键成分，核聚变是一种能源产生形式，使用与为太阳和其他恒星提供燃料相同的能量。它是透明的，大约有一根头发丝那么宽，它形成于大约12亿年前火山活跃的月球区域。)”可知，在月球背面发现的晶体预计它将为地球提供能源，由科学界以前未知的材料构成的，是透明的，大约有一根头发丝那么宽，它形成于大约12亿年前火山活跃的月球区域；由第三段中的“One of the primary ingredients found in this crystal is helium-3 (氦-3) , which scientists believe may provide a stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors. The element is incredibly rare on the Earth, but it seems to be fairly common on the moon.(在这种晶体中发现的主要成分之一是氦-3，科学家认为它可以为核聚变反应堆提供稳定的燃料来源。这种元素在地球上非常罕见，但在月球上似乎相当普遍。)”可知，这种晶体中发现的主要成分之一是氦-3，这种元素在地球上非常罕见，但在月球上似乎相当普遍。由此可知，B项“It is expected to power the Earth.(预计它将为地球提供能源。)”正确。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“China’s next moon mission is expected to be carried out by Chang’e 6 in 2024, which will attempt to collect the first samples from the far side of the moon, which never faces the Earth.(中国的下一次探月任务预计将于2024年由嫦娥6号执行，它将尝试从月球背面采集第一批样本，月球背面从未面向地球。)”可知，下一次探月任务中嫦娥六号将尝试从月球背面采集第一批样本。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Although it is too early for scientists to have made financial estimates on such a fuel source, it will undoubtedly be extremely costly.(尽管科学家们对这种燃料来源进行财务估算还为时过早，但它无疑将是极其昂贵的。)”以及第五段“Helium-3 produces significantly less radiation and nuclear waste than other elements. The current nuclear fusion process has raised serious safety concerns, and as a result, scientists have been searching for a way to create nuclear power from nuclear fusion. During the fusion process, radioactive waste is not produced, potentially making a securer and more efficient fuel source.(氦-3比其他元素产生的辐射和核废料要少得多。目前的核聚变过程已经引起了严重的安全问题，因此，科学家们一直在寻找一种从核聚变中产生核能的方法。在核聚变过程中，不会产生放射性废物，这可能会成为一种更安全、更有效的燃料来源。)”可知，氦-3这种燃料来源会非常昂贵，氦-3比其他元素产生的辐射和核废料要少得多，在核聚变过程中，不会产生放射性废物，这可能会成为一种更安全、更有效的燃料来源。因此，作为燃料的氦-3应该是清洁、安全的。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段“A lunar crystal (水晶) was found in lunar basalt particles (玄武岩颗粒) collected from the moon in 2020 when the Chinese moon mission landed in Oceanus Procellarum, returning with more than 1.7 kg of lunar samples delivered safely to the Earth.(在月球玄武岩颗粒中发现了一种月球晶体，这是在2020年中国月球任务降落在Oceanus Procellarum时从月球收集的，并将超过1.7公斤的月球样本安全送回地球。)”介绍了中国科学家在2020年从月球上带回的月壤样本中发现了一种月球晶体；文章下文详细介绍了这种晶体的特征、主要成分等；由此而知，本文主要介绍中国科学家在月壤中发现一种罕见月亮晶体，D选项“A Rare Moon Crystal Discovered by Chinese Scientists(中国科学家发现罕见的月亮晶体)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ChatGPT — an AI-powered chatbot that responds to questions in a detailed and natural way — is causing a stir (震动) in the education world. Educators, worried that students might use it for cheating on homework, are trying to ban it completely in schools. ___16___. ___17___. But students have phones, laptops and any number of other ways of accessing it outside of class. (Just for fun, I asked ChatGPT how a student who intended to use the app might avoid a schoolwide ban. It came up with five answers, all totally reasonable.) Some teachers have high hopes for tools such as GPTZero, a program claiming to be able to detect AI-generated writing. ___18___. Besides, it’s easy to fool them by changing a few words, or using a different AI program to paraphrase certain passages. AI chatbots could be programmed to watermark (加水印) their outputs in some way, so teachers would have an easier time spotting AI-generated text. But this, too, is a weak defence. ___19___. But there will be others, and students will soon be able to take their pick, probably including apps with no AI fingerprints. ___20___, do teachers want to spend their nights and weekends keeping up with the latest AI detection software? Several educators I spoke with said that while they found the idea of ChatGPT-assisted cheating annoying, policing it sounded even worse. It seems that the challenge for educators now is to learn how to use ChatGPT thoughtfully as a teaching aid instead of trying to ban it from the classroom. A. But these tools aren’t reliably accurate B. But in my view, their attempts are bound to fail C. That’s the biggest reason not to ban it in schools D. Even if it were technically possible to ban ChatGPT E. Right now, ChatGPT is the only free, easy-to-use chatbot F. Sure, a school can block ChatGPT access on school computers and networks G. Because today’s students will graduate into a world full of generative AI programs 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了ChatGPT这一AI聊天机器人在教育领域引起的争议，特别是关于学生可能利用它进行作业作弊的问题。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Educators, worried that students might use it for cheating on homework, are trying to ban it completely in schools.(教育工作者担心学生可能会用它来做作业作弊，正试图在学校完全禁止使用它。)”可知，教育工作者试图让学校禁止使用ChatGPT。选项B“But in my view, their attempts are bound to fail(但在我看来，他们的尝试注定要失败)”是作者对上文教育工作者的做法的否定，与下文“But students have phones, laptops and any number of other ways of accessing it outside of class.(但学生们有手机、笔记本电脑和其他多种方式在课外访问它。)”内容上保持一致。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据空后内容“But students have phones, laptops and any number of other ways of accessing it outside of class.(但学生们有手机、笔记本电脑和其他多种方式在课外访问它。)”可知，学生在课后有很多方式访问ChatGPT。选项F“Sure, a school can block ChatGPT access on school computers and networks(当然，学校可以阻止学校电脑和网络上的ChatGPT访问)”指的是学校可以阻止学生用学校电脑使用ChatGPT。与下文学生可以在课外使用ChatGPT形成转折关系，符合下文“but”的使用。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文内容“Some teachers have high hopes for tools such as GPTZero, a program claiming to be able to detect AI-generated writing.(一些教师对GPTZero这样的工具寄予厚望，这是一个声称能够检测人工智能生成的写作的程序。)”可知，有些教师认为这些智能工具非常实用。而空后“Besides, it’s easy to fool them by changing a few words, or using a different AI program to paraphrase certain passages.(此外，通过改变几个单词，或者使用不同的人工智能程序来解释某些段落，很容易欺骗他们。)”则指出人工智能程序的弊端。选项A“But these tools aren’t reliably accurate(但是这些工具并不可靠准确)”与上文形成转折，同时引出下文内容。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据空后内容“But there will be others, and students will soon be able to take their pick, probably including apps with no AI fingerprints.(但还会有其他的，学生们很快就可以自由选择，可能包括没有人工智能指纹的应用程序。)”可知，还会有更多的人工智能应用程序。选项E“Right now, ChatGPT is the only free, easy-to-use chatbot(现在，ChatGPT是唯一一个免费的、易于使用的聊天机器人)”指出现在，ChatGPT是唯一一个免费的、易于使用的聊天机器人，从而自然引出下文内容。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据空后的“do teachers want to spend their nights and weekends keeping up with the latest AI detection software? (老师们是否愿意花费晚上和周末的时间来研究最新的人工智能检测软件？)”以及句子成分分析可知，空处为从句。选项D“Even if it were technically possible to ban ChatGPT(即使在技术上可以禁止ChatGPT)”与主句“do teachers want to spend their nights and weekends keeping up with the latest AI detection software?(然而，老师们想要花费他们的夜晚和周末来跟上最新的人工智能检测软件吗？)”内容上保持一致，指的是即便技术上可以禁止ChatGPT，但是老师们并不能花费大量精力来跟上最新的人工智能检测软件。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It began in November 2016,when Hinton, then 17, got a text message from an ____21____number inviting him to Thanks giving. When he asked who it was, the person responded:“Your grandma.” “Grandma? Can I have your____22____?” the teenager replied. He received a photo of a woman he had never seen before. It was Dench, now 64. Hinton wrote back,“You’re not my grandma,”____23____a laughing face. Still playing along, he jokingly asked:“Can I still get a____24____though?” Dench replied:“Of course you can. That’s what grandmas do. Feed everyone.”Hinton soon realized her____25____invitation had turned ____26____, and he decided to take Dench up on her ____27____. He went to her home in Mesa, Ariz., about a 25-minute drive from his house south of Phoenix, for a Thanks giving meal with her family,including her actual grandson, whom she____28____intended to text instead of Hinton. Every year since then, the two friends and their families have gathered together for an annual Thanksgiving meal, and this year will be no____29____,despite the virus. Hinton, who shares regular____30____on social media about his Internet-famous friendship with Dench,____31____that the Thanksgiving tradition will ____32____this year, as well. Although Dench was____33____about the misdirected text in 2016 at first, she said, both she and Hinton feel very____34____that it happened.“Family is more than____35____ ,” Dench said.“It’s the people you want to be with.” 21. A. unusual B. unknown C. unlucky D. official 22. A. picture B. name C. address D. number 23. A. drawing B. demanding C. misusing D. adding 24. A. plate B. message C. smile D. hand 25. A. regular B. generous C. annual D. mistaken 26. A. interesting B. formal C. genuine D. natural 27. A. promise B. tradition C. offer D. help 28. A. evidently B. plainly C. seemingly D. initially 29. A. answer B. exception C. surprise D. time 30. A. updates B. jobs C. stories D. dialogues 31. A. explained B. realized C. confirmed D. learned 32. A. live on B. come back C. stand out D. catch on 33. A. anxious B. embarrassed C. disappointed D. curious 34. A. proud B. thankful C. moved D. convinced 35. A. company B. care C. support D. blood 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老奶奶把本该发给自己孙子的信息错发给了一个名叫Hinton的少年，因这美丽的错误，Hinton与老奶家人结下了深刻的友谊。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这件事始于2016年11月，当时17岁的辛顿收到了一条未知号码的短信，邀请他参加感谢活动。A. unusual不寻常的；B. unknown未知；C. unlucky倒霉的；D. official公务的。根据下文“He received a photo of a woman he had never seen before.”可知，Hinton 收到一个陌生电话的短信。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：奶奶？能给我你的照片吗？A. picture图片；B. name名称；C. address地址；D. number数字。根据下文“He received a photo of a woman he had never seen before.”可知，Hinton希望收到对方的照片来确认对方的身份。故选A。 23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：辛顿回信说，“你不是我的奶奶”，并配上一张笑脸。A. drawing画画；B. demanding要求；C. misusing误用；D. adding添加。根据下文“Still playing along, he jokingly asked”可知，为了避免尴尬，Hinton的回信中加了一个笑脸的表情。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他仍然在玩，开玩笑地问：“我能去吃饭吗？”A. plate盘子；B. message消息；C. smile微笑；D. hand手。根据下文“That’s what grandmas do. Feed everyone.”可知，Hinton问能不能去吃饭。此处get a plate意为“去吃饭”。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：辛顿很快意识到她的错误邀请变成了真挚的邀请，他决定接受丹奇的邀请。A. regular常规的；B. generous慷慨的；C. annual一年一度的；D. mistaken错的。根据上文“Still playing along, he jokingly asked: “Can I still get a____4____though? ””可知，Dench本来发错信息，后来她将错就错了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：辛顿很快意识到她的错误邀请变成了真挚的邀请，他决定接受丹奇的邀请。A. interesting有趣的；B. formal正式的；C. genuine真正的；D. natural自然的。根据下文“and he decided to take Dench up on her ____7____”可知，Hinton感到Dench将错就错真的邀请他去吃饭。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：辛顿很快意识到她的错误邀请变成了真挚的邀请，他决定接受丹奇的邀请。A. promise承诺；B. tradition传统；C. offer主动提议；D. help帮助。根据“He went to her home in Mesa”可知，Hinton感到 Dench的邀约很诚恳，所以欣然接受她提出的邀约。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他去了她在亚利桑那州梅萨的家，距离菲尼克斯以南的家大约25分钟车程，与她的家人一起吃了一顿感谢餐，包括她的实际孙子，她最初打算发短信给他，而不是Hinton。A. evidently显然是；B. plainly显然是；C. seemingly看起来是；D. initially开始。根据上文“including her actual grandson”可知，感恩节晚宴中，Dench本来一开始想要邀请的她真正的孙子也来了。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，每年，这两位朋友和他们的家人都会聚在一起吃一年一度的感恩节大餐，今年也不例外，尽管有病毒。A. answer答案；B. exception例外；C. surprise惊喜；D. time时间。根据上文“Every year since then, the two friends and their families have gathered together for an annual Thanksgiving meal”可知，自从那一次将错就错的赴宴后，Hinton和Dench的关系很好，每年Hinton都会赴约，故今年也不例外。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：辛顿经常在社交媒体上分享他与丹奇的友谊的最新消息，他证实，感恩节的传统也将延续到今年。A. updates更新；B. jobs作业；C. stories故事；D. dialogues对话。根据空后“on social media about his Internet-famous friendship with Dench”可知，Hinton在社交平台定期分享更新他和Dench的友情。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：辛顿经常在社交媒体上分享他与丹奇的友谊的最新消息，他证实，感恩节的传统也将延续到今年。A. explained解释；B. realized实现；C. confirmed确认；D. learned了解到。根据上文“and this year will be no____9____, despite the virus.”可知，疫情背景下，感恩大餐不一定正常举行，但Hinton在社交平台确认如期举行。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：辛顿经常在社交媒体上分享他与丹奇的友谊的最新消息，他证实，感恩节的传统也将延续到今年。A. live on继续；B. come back返回；C. stand out突出；D. catch on抓住，抓住。疫情背景下，感恩大餐不一定正常举行，但Hinton在社交平台确认如期举行。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管丹奇起初对2016年误发的短信感到尴尬，但她和辛顿都对这件事感到非常感激。A. anxious焦虑；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. disappointed失望的；D. curious好奇的。根据空后“about the misdirected text in 2016 at first”可知，Dench一开始发错信息给陌生人时会感到有点尴尬。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管丹奇起初对2016年误发的短信感到尴尬，但她和辛顿都对这件事感到非常感激。A. proud骄傲的；B. thankful感谢的；C. moved移动的；D. convinced确信。根据上文语境可知，这次误打误撞的经历让他们成为好朋友，他俩对此心怀感恩。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丹奇说：“家庭不仅仅是血脉。”A. company公司；B. care护理；C. support支持；D. blood血。根据下文“It’s the people you want to be with.”可知，他俩虽然没有血缘关系，但胜似亲人。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 语篇填空 My aim in life is ____36____ (protect) the environment for future generations. I want to become ____37____ environmental consultant after graduation. Many people think that pollution cannot ____38____ (stop) if we want the country to develop. But that is not true. We can cut back on ____39____ (danger) and dirty waste from factories. Although a factory produces a large quantity of goods, it does not mean that it has to pump a lot of pollution into the environment. I also want to teach people to buy products ____40____ have been recycled. This is much ____41____ (good) for the environment, because it means we do not need to cut down many trees.Companies and businesses can still operate, ____42____ the Earth will not have to suffer. There is no ____43____ (debate) that we also have a problem with population. The number of people in the world keeps growing, and we____44____ (produce) more rubbish and using up more raw materials. What if they run out? I am confident that if we are all willing _____45_____ (work) together, we can overcome these challenges and keep the Earth clean and healthy. 【答案】36. to protect 37. an 38. be stopped 39. dangerous 40. that##which 41. better 42. but 43. debating 44. are producing 45. to work 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者的志向——为了下一代节省地球资源。作者认为可以从很多方面节省资源，如减少工厂排放的废水，使用环保材质的东西等。只要人们共同努力起来，就能使地球变得更干净。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我的人生目标是为子孙后代保护环境。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处表示“目的是去做某事”使用不定式结构作表语。故填to protect。 【37题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：毕业后，我想成为一名环保顾问。分析句子可知，此处泛指一位环保顾问，应用不定冠词来修饰，且environmental以元音字母发音，因此需使用不定冠词an对其进行修饰。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：绝大多数人认为如果国家要发展的话，是不可能阻止污染的。分析句子可知，pollution与stop间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需使用被动语态，而情态动词后需使用动词原形。故填be stopped。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们可以缩减工厂中危险的废水。分析句子，设空处使用danger的形容词dangerous作定语，修饰名词，意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。 【40题详解】 考查关系代词。句意：我想教人们购买回收再利用的产品。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，先行词products指物，且从句中缺少主语成分，因此可使用关系代词that/which在从句中充当主语成分，故填that/which。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：这对环境要好得多，因为这意味着我们不需要砍伐很多树木。设空处使用形容词作表语，此处表示“更好”，much修饰比较级。故填better。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：公司和商业仍然可以运作，但地球将不必遭受损失。分析句子，设空处使用连词，连接前后两个句子，此处表示转折关系。故填but。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：毫无疑问，我们也有人口问题。表示“毫无疑问”使用固定短语there is no debating。故填debating。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：世界人口不断增长，我们制造了更多的垃圾，消耗了更多的原材料。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述动作现在正在发生，故使用现在进行时，主语是we，be动词应用are。故填are producing。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我相信，如果我们都愿意共同努力，我们就能克服这些挑战，保持地球的清洁和健康。句中be willing to do为固定短语，意为“愿意去做某事”，使用不定式结构。故填to work。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假使你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你的学校正在组织“走进历史”主题活动，拟从三个活动形式里选择一个：走访老战士、表演历史剧和制作短视频。学校正在向全体师生征求建议。必须包含： 1. 你的选择 2. 你的理由 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear teachers and students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】 Dear teachers and students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3, who is interested in the activity of “entering history”. I prefer the activity method of making short videos. The reasons are as follows. First, the short video is of great convenience that the other two methods do not have. It can be done with just a few electronic devices at your fingertips. Second, making short videos is more efficient. Every student can participate and tell about the heroes he/ she admires. Students can watch a short video in a short break. I hope my advice will be helpful to you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校正在组织“走进历史”主题活动，拟从三个活动形式里选择一个：走访老战士、表演历史剧和制作短视频。学校正在向全体师生征求建议。要求考生在走访老战士、表演历史剧和制作短视频中作出选择，并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in→ go in for 参加：participate→ take part in 仰慕：admire→ look up to 建议：advice→recommendation 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Second, making short videos is more efficient. 拓展句：Second, it is more efficient to make short videos. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】I’m Li Hua from Class 3, who is interested in the activity of “entering history”. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 I prefer the activity method of making short videos. (运用了动名词making作宾语) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The boy sat on his chair, with his hand above the keyboard. He thought about what to write. He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again. “WRITING COMPETITION!” the title read. His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays. As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing. Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story. The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed at how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet. Then he heard the call of his mother saying time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost thinking about a topic to write. Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”. “Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win. He went onto Google and searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button. Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read COMPETITION CLOSED. 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the COMPETITION on the website. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: His mother came up and comforted him. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version 1: After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the COMPETITION on the website. Hardly had he opened the webpage when the capitalized letters COMPETITION CLOSED leapt into his eyes again. How could that be? The deadline was a week away. “No!!!” silent screams exploded inside him. He rubbed his eyes, got closer to the screen and fixed his eyes on the letters. The Cruel capitalized letters just stood out as if naughtily winking at him. Unwilling though he was, he was forced to accept the irreversible fact that the competition had closed. Noticing mom leaning against his room door gazing at him with affection, he couldn’t fight back tears of grievance, bursting out crying loudly. His mother came up and comforted him. “Dear, it’s OK. You’ve written an award-winning story which is original and imaginative. That’s the biggest gain in the process.” mom said gently, patting him on the shoulder. Mom’s heartwarming comfort dispersed his shame, but still he regretted, “Mom, I should have started earlier and met the deadline! All my efforts have gone to waste.” As he recollected the struggle in choosing the topic and writing the imaginative story, mom wiped his tears, ruffled his hair and asked him to go to bed. Tossing and turning in bed, he was drawn to the fact that less procrastination, more satisfaction. Possible version 2: After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the COMPETITION on the website. The day before yesterday! He could barely believe his eyes. Great sorrow overwhelmed him so suddenly that he bent over the keyboard with tears rolling down his face and his heart sinking. How could he make such a huge mistake? Reflecting on his passing spare time of the holidays, he suddenly realized it was his procrastination and carelessness that led to his failure in catching the deadline. Now he had no chance to enter the competition despite his great desire to win. Lost in deep regret, he couldn’t help bursting into tears. His mother came up and comforted him. “You missed the opportunity, but more opportunities are coming in your later life. What you should do is draw a lesson from the incident.” The boy straightened his body, stared into his mother’s eyes, and sobbed that he was so sorry. If only he had started earlier and stayed focused! If only he had taken it more seriously! “Mom, under no circumstances will I waste my time or procrastinate my work till the next day.” the boy promised in a trembling but determined voice. “It is gratifying that you know what to do. Do remember to plan ahead and take action as planned.” his mother added, her face beaming with satisfaction. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了离比赛截止日期只有一个星期，男孩甚至还没有开始他的作品。他妈妈鼓励他参加写作比赛，现在他把它作为假期的个人任务。但是正当他把作品写好，要上传的时候，却提醒比赛已经结束了。男孩十分委屈，好在母亲安慰了他，男孩也认识到不该拖延。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几秒钟后，男孩急切地在网站上查看比赛的截止日期”可知，第一段可描写男孩发现自己没能参加上比赛之后的反应和心情。 ②由第二段首句内容“他的母亲走过来安慰他”可知，第二段可描写母亲安慰男孩以及男孩的感悟。 2.续写线索：比赛停止——男孩委屈大哭——母亲安慰——男孩倾诉——男孩感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 忍不住：couldn’t fight back /can’t help doing 靠近：get closer to/approach 注意到：notice/take notice of 情绪类 热切：eagerly/enthusiastically 喜爱：affection/love 【点睛】[高分句型1] Unwilling though he was, he was forced to accept the irreversible fact that the competition had closed. (运用了倒装句) [高分句型2] As he recollected the struggle in choosing the topic and writing the imaginative story, mom wiped his tears, ruffled his hair and asked him to go to bed. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 清新区2024～2025学年高二12月期末四校联考 英语试题 满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Becoming a Nature Lover through Citizen Science Citizen Science is an education series featuring workshops on a variety of topics in a relaxed and inspiring environment. There is no monetary registration fee; instead, each instructor suggests items or services they will accept in exchange for class participation. Our volunteer instructors prepare based on how many people sign up so please only sign up if you will actually attend. Date Friday, May 4 Time 8: 30am—10: 30 am Class description Interested in studying nature, feeling more connected to your surroundings, helping the natural environment, but not sure where to start? Join us on a PowerPoint tour through the instructor’s favorite citizen science platforms that apply to our region. Just through being observant on a daily walk, you can submit meaningful data to scientists who will use your data to take meaningful conservation steps! We’ll show you how! It’s easy! Suggested items in exchange for this class *Baked snacks *Homemade preserved foods *Houseplants *Nature art (draw me a picture?) About the instructor Kelsey Frey is the manager of education and outreach (外展服务) for York County Parks, part-time environmental educator for Lancaster County Parks, and runs her own business, Creative Nature Works, in her spare time. Kelsey’s passionate about many natural history topics, including butterflies, and landscaping with native plants. 1. Who are most likely to attend the class? A. Art lovers. B. Outdoor fitness lovers. C. Volunteers fond of cooking D. Local people interested in nature. 2. Which of the following can participants provide in exchange for the class? A. Second-hand clothes. B. Homemade tomato sauce. C. An unused honey pot. D. A newly bought notebook. 3. What can we learn about the instructor? A. She is a full-time teacher. B. She manages Lancaster County Parks. C. She is in charge of Creative Nature Works. D. She is actively busy with community work. B A few years ago, a doctor gave a wrong prescription to a 9-year-old boy because he had accidentally clicked the next medicine listed in the drop-down menu. Unfortunately, the boy died. Dr. Gidi Stein heard the story and felt forced to do something. “It was like killing someone with a spelling error. He just clicked on the wrong button…Stein said. “One would have thought there’d be some kind of spell-checker to prevent these terrible things from happening. But apparently this is not the case.” Several things were immediately obvious to the 54-year-old Stein, who had previously studied computer science. “If you look at this problem from a bird’s eye view, there were so many places down the line where this decision could have been stopped-from the physician to the pharmacy (药房) even to the mother. All of them had all the relevant information to have the judgment that this was just the wrong drug for the wrong patient. For Stein, it represented a systematic failure. Stein compared this with credit cards. “If you use your credit card in the daily routine over time, a pattern emerges of how we use our cards : the grocery store, the gas station in our local town. If your credit card would appear tomorrow in Zimbabwe, it would be unusual. The credit card company would call you and say, “‘Hey, was that you?’” But nothing like that existed in the field of prescription drugs. So Stein set up a company called MedAware. He came up with a machine learning outliner detection system. In other words, he trained the computers to realize if a doctor accidentally prescribed the wrong medicine. The system is already used in hospitals and doctor5 s offices. To date, MedAware has used their technology to help nearly six million patients in the United States and Israel. 4. What caused the boy’s death? A. The doctor’s carelessness. B. The doctor’s poor medical skill. C. The failure of the computer. D. The incomplete health care system. 5. How did Dr. Gidi Stein react to the boy’s death? A. He was annoyed and put the blame on the doctor only. B. He was regretful and tried to prevent similar accidents happening. C. He was embarrassed and mistook it as a systematic failure. D. He was confused and detected the mistakes in prescriptions himself. 6. What does Stein want to tell us by mentioning credit cards? A. Credit cards are available for doctors’ prescriptions. B. Instructions in using credit cards are offered to users. C. The boy might have been saved with the technology like credit cards. D. MedAware’s technology will benefit the patients in Zimbabwe. 7. It can be concluded from the text that ________. A. MedAware’s technology helps doctors choose right medicine B. MedAware’s technology checks the prescriptions doctors make out C. Medical industry worldwide has enjoyed MedAware’s technology D. The boy? s mother was not to blame for his death during the accident C It’s said that Thomas Edison found an unusual way to enjoy piano music. As someone played, the famous inventor, who had been deaf, would move close to the instrument and bite it. In his own words, it allowed him to “hear through his teeth”. Robert Friedman, who was in the business of buying and selling pianos, recently showed off marks on a piano that was once owned by Edison. The piano had groups of small marks above the keyboard. He was surprised by the tooth marks left by the inventor of the phonograph (留声机) , a music playing device. Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. Edison ever asked for the piano at the lowest price. When he bought the piano and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sound recording. He owned the instrument for many years, so it was possibly used in early recordings. There aren’t photographs of Edison biting this piano. But he was thought to bite into phonographs and pianos to help him experience music as his hearing worsened. His daughter once remembered that a guest cried on the spot at the sight of Edison biting into a piano as someone played it. Friedman calls himself the piano hunter. He finds and buys the famous pianos from people and then sells them, usually to dealers. But this piano is more complex. He is now looking for the right home for the instrument. Friedman says that he believes that it belongs to someplace where many people can see it. Friedman does not want it to go back into private hands because of its connection to Edison. He has to find a historical group that will buy the piano, which he is offering to sell for what it cost him. 8. What was Edison’s purpose in biting the piano? A. To record his day. B. To enjoy its music. C. To express his anger. D. To mark its importance. 9. Why did Edison buy the piano? A. To perform music. B. To decorate his lab. C. To test the phonograph’s recording. D. To sell it at a very higher price later. 10. How did the guest feel about Edison’s behavior? A. Impressed. B. Pleased. C. Puzzled. D. Embarrassed. 11. What will Friedman do with the piano? A. Give it away. B. Make a fortune C. Sell it at the original price. D. Keep it somewhere for himself. D A lunar crystal (水晶) was found in lunar basalt particles (玄武岩颗粒) collected from the moon in 2020 when the Chinese moon mission landed in Oceanus Procellarum, returning with more than 1.7 kg of lunar samples delivered safely to the Earth. The crystal found on the near side of the moon is giving scientists hope of providing limitless power for the world forever. It is made of material previously unknown to the scientific community and contains a key ingredient for the nuclear fusion (核聚变) process, a form of power generation that uses the same forces that fuel the sun and other stars. It is transparent and roughly the width of a single human hair, and it formed in a region of the moon where volcanoes were active around 1.2 billion years ago. One of the primary ingredients found in this crystal is helium-3 (氦-3) , which scientists believe may provide a stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors. The element is incredibly rare on the Earth, but it seems to be fairly common on the moon. China’s next moon mission is expected to be carried out by Chang’e 6 in 2024, which will attempt to collect the first samples from the far side of the moon, which never faces the Earth. Although it is too early for scientists to have made financial estimates on such a fuel source, it will undoubtedly be extremely costly. There is, of course, the matter of bringing the crystals back from the moon, especially in large amounts that are needed to fuel fusion reactors. Helium-3 produces significantly less radiation and nuclear waste than other elements. The current nuclear fusion process has raised serious safety concerns, and as a result, scientists have been searching for a way to create nuclear power from nuclear fusion. During the fusion process, radioactive waste is not produced, potentially making a securer and more efficient fuel source. Around 25 tons of helium-3 could power the US for a year. Multiple private companies and countries with space agencies have signaled their intentions to mine the moon for helium-3, and this latest discovery could kick start the race. 12. What can we learn about the crystal? A. It is 1.7 centimeters wide. B. It is expected to power the Earth. C. It is commonly found on the Earth. D. It is made of previously familiar material. 13 What will Chang’e 6 try to do in the next moon mission? A. Collect up nuclear waste. B. Find out the elements of helium-3. C. Set up lunar nuclear fusion reactors. D. Take back the samples of lunar crystals. 14. What is helium-3 as fuel expected to be like? A. It is low in cost. B. It is clean and safe. C. It absorbs radiation. D. It produces no waste. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. A Struggling Race to Make Crystals B. An Undoubted Discovery Powering the US C. An Efficient Way to Collect Crystals from the Moon D A Rare Moon Crystal Discovered by Chinese Scientists 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ChatGPT — an AI-powered chatbot that responds to questions in a detailed and natural way — is causing a stir (震动) in the education world. Educators, worried that students might use it for cheating on homework, are trying to ban it completely in schools. ___16___. ___17___. But students have phones, laptops and any number of other ways of accessing it outside of class. (Just for fun, I asked ChatGPT how a student who intended to use the app might avoid a schoolwide ban. It came up with five answers, all totally reasonable.) Some teachers have high hopes for tools such as GPTZero, a program claiming to be able to detect AI-generated writing. ___18___. Besides, it’s easy to fool them by changing a few words, or using a different AI program to paraphrase certain passages. AI chatbots could be programmed to watermark (加水印) their outputs in some way, so teachers would have an easier time spotting AI-generated text. But this, too, is a weak defence. ___19___. But there will be others, and students will soon be able to take their pick, probably including apps with no AI fingerprints. ___20___, do teachers want to spend their nights and weekends keeping up with the latest AI detection software? Several educators I spoke with said that while they found the idea of ChatGPT-assisted cheating annoying, policing it sounded even worse. It seems that the challenge for educators now is to learn how to use ChatGPT thoughtfully as a teaching aid instead of trying to ban it from the classroom. A. But these tools aren’t reliably accurate B. But in my view, their attempts are bound to fail C. That’s the biggest reason not to ban it in schools D. Even if it were technically possible to ban ChatGPT E. Right now, ChatGPT is the only free, easy-to-use chatbot F. Sure, a school can block ChatGPT access on school computers and networks G Because today’s students will graduate into a world full of generative AI programs 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It began in November 2016,when Hinton, then 17, got a text message from an ____21____number inviting him to Thanks giving. When he asked who it was, the person responded:“Your grandma.” “Grandma? Can I have your____22____?” the teenager replied. He received a photo of a woman he had never seen before. It was Dench, now 64. Hinton wrote back,“You’re not my grandma,”____23____a laughing face. Still playing along, he jokingly asked:“Can I still get a____24____though?” Dench replied:“Of course you can. That’s what grandmas do. Feed everyone.”Hinton soon realized her____25____invitation had turned ____26____, and he decided to take Dench up on her ____27____. He went to her home in Mesa, Ariz., about a 25-minute drive from his house south of Phoenix, for a Thanks giving meal with her family,including her actual grandson, whom she____28____intended to text instead of Hinton. Every year since then, the two friends and their families have gathered together for an annual Thanksgiving meal, and this year will be no____29____,despite the virus. Hinton, who shares regular____30____on social media about his Internet-famous friendship with Dench,____31____that the Thanksgiving tradition will ____32____this year, as well. Although Dench was____33____about the misdirected text in 2016 at first, she said, both she and Hinton feel very____34____that it happened.“Family is more than____35____ ,” Dench said.“It’s the people you want to be with.” 21. A. unusual B. unknown C. unlucky D. official 22. A. picture B. name C. address D. number 23. A. drawing B. demanding C. misusing D. adding 24. A. plate B. message C. smile D. hand 25. A. regular B. generous C. annual D. mistaken 26. A. interesting B. formal C. genuine D. natural 27. A. promise B. tradition C. offer D. help 28. A. evidently B. plainly C. seemingly D. initially 29. A. answer B. exception C. surprise D. time 30. A. updates B. jobs C. stories D. dialogues 31. A. explained B. realized C. confirmed D. learned 32. A. live on B. come back C. stand out D. catch on 33. A. anxious B. embarrassed C. disappointed D. curious 34. A. proud B. thankful C. moved D. convinced 35. A. company B. care C. support D. blood 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 语篇填空 My aim in life is ____36____ (protect) the environment for future generations. I want to become ____37____ environmental consultant after graduation. Many people think that pollution cannot ____38____ (stop) if we want the country to develop. But that is not true. We can cut back on ____39____ (danger) and dirty waste from factories. Although a factory produces a large quantity of goods, it does not mean that it has to pump a lot of pollution into the environment. I also want to teach people to buy products ____40____ have been recycled. This is much ____41____ (good) for the environment, because it means we do not need to cut down many trees.Companies and businesses can still operate, ____42____ the Earth will not have to suffer. There is no ____43____ (debate) that we also have a problem with population. The number of people in the world keeps growing, and we____44____ (produce) more rubbish and using up more raw materials. What if they run out? I am confident that if we are all willing _____45_____ (work) together, we can overcome these challenges and keep the Earth clean and healthy. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假使你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你的学校正在组织“走进历史”主题活动，拟从三个活动形式里选择一个：走访老战士、表演历史剧和制作短视频。学校正在向全体师生征求建议。必须包含： 1. 你的选择 2. 你的理由 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear teachers and students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The boy sat on his chair, with his hand above the keyboard. He thought about what to write. He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again. “WRITING COMPETITION!” the title read. His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays. As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing. Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story. The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed at how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet. Then he heard the call of his mother saying time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost thinking about a topic to write. Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”. “Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win. He went onto Google and searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button. Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read COMPETITION CLOSED. 注意：1. 续写词数应 150 左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the COMPETITION on the website. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: His mother came up and comforted him. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$