第10讲 特殊句型-【寒假自学课】2025年七年级英语寒假提升精品讲义（译林版2024）

第10讲 特殊句型 目录 语法导入：思维导图 语法精讲：there be句型 语法精讲：感叹句 语法实战：考查题型 重难点★ 考查题型：单项选择、完形填空、短文填空、选词填空、书面表达 考点：there be句型、感叹句 there be句型 There is a match today. There are many matches today. There was a match last night. There were many matches last night. There will be a match tomorrow. There is a football match and two basketball matches today. There are two basketball matches and a football match today. 肯定句 There is/are/was/were/will be... 否定句 There isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t/won’t be... 一般疑问句 把be动词和there换一个位置，Is/Are/Was/Were there ... will比较特别，Will there be ... 特殊疑问句 可数名词，用How many提问, How many are there？ 不可数名词，用How much提问，How much is there？ 考点：1. 表示“某地有某物”； 2. there be句型的句型转换； 3. there be 句型和have 的区别。 【实战演练】 1．There are two maps on the desk.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） — two maps on the desk? — , . 【答案】 Are there Yes there are 【详解】句意：桌子上有两张地图。本题考查there be句型变为一般疑问句及其否定回答。原句是陈述句，动词是are，因此变为一般疑问句时把are提至句首，首字母大写。肯定回答用Yes, there are。故填Are；there；Yes；there；are。 2．There is some water in the glass. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) there water in the glass? No, there . 【答案】 Is any isn’t 【详解】句意：玻璃杯里有一些水。There be句型变成一般疑问句，需要将be动词“is”提到句首，首字母要大写，并将some改为any。一般疑问句的否定回答为“No, there isn’t”。故填Is；any；isn’t。 3．There is a whiteboard in my classroom. (改为否定句) a whiteboard in my classroom. 【答案】 There isn’t 【详解】句意：我的教室里有一块白板。根据题干要求，原句为There be句型，改为否定句，只需在be动词后加not。故填There；isn’t。 4．There will be a basketball match this evening (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) — a basketball match this evening? — No, . 【答案】 Will there be there won’t 【详解】句意：今晚将要有一个篮球比赛。本句是there be句型，且为一般将来时，变为一般疑问句需要将will提到句首，否定回答需要使用will的否定形式won’t。故填Will；there；be；there；won’t。 5．There are ten people in my family. (对划线部分提问) people in your family? 【答案】 How many are there 【详解】句意：我家有十口人。划线部分是数量，应用how many“多少”提问。原句是there be结构，时态为一般现在时，people为可数名词复数形式，be动词用are，且置于there之前。故填How；many；are；there。 6．There are two glasses of milk on the table. (对划线部分提问) there on the table? 【答案】 How much milk is 【详解】句意：桌子上有两杯牛奶。划线部分是“two glasses of”，询问数量，且milk为不可数名词，应用how much，后面接一般疑问句。there be结构中的be动词are应改为is，提到there前。故填How；much；milk；is。 7．Our school has 34 classes. (改为同义句) 34 classes in our school. 【答案】 There are 【详解】句意：我们学校有34个班。there be“有”，句首首字母大写，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“34 classes”，be动词用are。故填There；are。 感叹句 What感叹句 What a nice boy he is!他是一个多好的男孩啊! What nice boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊! What an exciting film it is!这是一部多么令人兴奋的电影啊! What exciting films they are! 它们是多么令人兴奋的电影啊! What nice weather it is!天气多好啊! How感叹句 How funny he looks! 他看上去真滑稽! How exciting the film is!这部影片真激动人心! 8．Gu Fangzhou is a great medical scientist.（改为感叹句） great medical scientist Gu Fangzhou is! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：顾方舟是一位伟大的医学家。根据修改后的句子可知，感叹句的中心词是可数名词单数scientist，所以用且空后great是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用what a修饰，故填What；a。 9．Su Yiming is very hard-working on the road to success. (改为感叹句) Su Yiming is on the road to success! 【答案】 How hard-working 【详解】句意：苏翊鸣在通往成功的道路上非常努力。“hard-working”是形容词，需用how来引导感叹句，符合“How+形容词+主谓”结构。故填How；hard-working。 二、单项选择 10．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ amazing magic show I saw yesterday! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我看了一场多么精彩的魔术表演啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。此句中心词是可数名词单数show，形容词amazing是元音音素开头，an符合句意，用what引导，句型为“what+a/an+adj+名词+主谓”。故选C。 11．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic. —Exactly. I simply can’t wait! A．How B．What C．How a D．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多好的天气啊！这很适合去野餐。 ​——确实不错。我简直等不及了！ 考查感叹句。根据“fine weather”可知，中心词weather是不可数名词，结合what+adj.+不可数名词+（主谓）可知，what符合句式结构，故选B。 12．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. ________ exciting the news is! A．How B．How an C．What D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：C919是中国自制的大型飞机，目前正在使用中。这个消息多么令人兴奋啊！ 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是形容词exciting，用结构how adj.+主谓。故选A。 13．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）________ exciting news! They won the football match at last. A．What B．How C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多么让人兴奋的新闻！他们最终赢得了足球比赛。 考查感叹句。感叹句的中心词是news，不可数名词，用What引导感叹句，句型为“What+adj+不可数名”。故选A。 综合训练 三、完形填空 Eva and Norman are both 80 years old. They are 14 to animals. In December 2021, they went to the outside to look after the poor birds. They 15 a bad storm. On their way home, the heavy 16 stopped them. And it was terribly 17 . Eva thought they couldn’t get home any more. She thought they could die because of the bad storm. They were in great 18 ! But 19 , their dog, Shana, was with them. Shana was only two years old, but she could understand people very well. When she found Eva didn’t have a coat to keep 20 , she walked around to get a good idea. Then Shana 21 to dig under the snow. After some time, Shana dug a 20­-foot­-long tunnel (隧道) home. At first, Eva and Norman didn’t know what Shana wanted them to do. Shana walked into the tunnel, and then went 22 . She walked to Eva and took her jacket to let her go into the tunnel. The little dog took the two old to climb all the way back to their home. Finally, they got to their house, tired 23 safe. 24 clever the two­-year-­old dog was! 14．A．kind B．bored C．hard D．tired 15．A．saw B．found C．met D．had 16．A．snow B．rain C．coat D．dog 17．A．warm B．hot C．cold D．dry 18．A．time B．weather C．surprise D．danger 19．A．happily B．luckily C．quickly D．usually 20．A．beautiful B．clean C．warm D．young 21．A．wished B．hoped C．started D．thought 22．A．right B．back C．away D．out 23．A．What a B．How C．How a D．What 【答案】 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．B 23．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了伊娃和诺曼两位老人出门照顾小鸟，在他们回家的路上遇到了暴风雪，但是他们的小狗在大雪中挖出了一条隧道，最终他们顺着隧道安全到家了。 14．句意：他们对动物很友好。 kind友好的；bored无聊的；hard艰难的；tired疲惫的。根据下文“they went to the outside to look after the poor birds”可知，他们对动物很好。故选A。 15．句意：他们遇到了一场暴风雪。 saw看见；found发现；met遇到；had有。根据下文“On their way home, the heavy...stopped them.”可推知，他们遇到了暴风雪。故选C。 16．句意：在回家的路上，大雪阻止了他们。 snow雪；rain雨；coat外套；dog狗。根据下文“Then Shana...to dig under the snow.”可知，此处表示“大雪阻止了他们”。故选A。 17．句意：并且天气非常冷。 warm温暖的；hot炎热的；cold寒冷的；dry干燥的。根据上文“They...a bad storm.”可推知，天气很冷。故选C。 18．句意：他们处于极大的危险之中！ time时间；weather天气；surprise惊讶；danger危险。根据上文“She thought they could die because of the bad storm.”可知，他们处境很危险。故选D。 19．句意：但幸运的是，他们的狗莎娜和他们在一起。 happily高兴地；luckily幸运地；quickly快速地；usually通常。根据下文“The little dog took the two old to climb all the way back to their home.”可知，小狗最终把他们带回了家，所以小狗在身边是很幸运的。故选B。 20．句意：当她发现伊娃没有外套保暖时，她走来走去想个好主意。 beautiful美丽的；clean干净的；warm温暖的；young年轻的。结合选项和“Eva didn’t have a coat to keep...”可知，此处表示“伊娃没有外套保暖”。故选C。 21．句意：然后莎娜开始在雪下挖掘。 wished祝愿；hoped希望；started开始；thought想。结合选项和下文“After some time, Shana dug a 20­-foot­-long tunnel (隧道) home.”可知，此处表示“莎娜开始在雪下挖掘”。故选C。 22．句意：莎娜走进隧道，然后又走了回来。 right在右边；back回原处；away远离；out向外。根据“She walked to Eva and took her jacket to let her go into the tunnel.”可知，莎娜挖好隧道后，又返回来带伊娃和诺曼进隧道。go back意为“返回”。故选B。 23．句意：这只两岁的狗多聪明啊！根据感叹句句型“How + 形容词 + 主谓”得知，此句形容词后没有名词，所以选择How。故选B。 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Here is the school day in an English school. Morning There 24 (be) an English lesson and a maths lesson in the morning. They have an English lesson 25 (one) at 9:00 a.m. The children have a break from 10:00 a.m. to 10:20 a.m. After 26 break, they have the second lesson. It lasts (持续) for an hour and fifteen 27 . They usually take a test during this time. Lunchtime Lunchtime is from 12:00 at noon to 1:10 p.m. Some 28 (child) bring their own lunch from home, while others have lunch in the school canteen (餐厅). Most of the children like lunchtime because they can talk 29 (happy) after lunch. Afternoon The students do some 30 (read) in the library. Then they have one or two lessons. They study art, history and science. After that, they do different after-school 31 (activity). It is good for their health. For example, practicing 32 (play) basketball can help them grow tall. They have a wonderful time 33 (study) at school. School is over at 4:15 p.m. Then they go home. 【答案】 24．is 25．first 26．the 27．minutes 28．children 29．happily 30．reading 31．activities 32．playing 33．studying 【导语】本文介绍了一所英语学校的学生一天的生活。 24．句意：早上有一节英语课和一节数学课。原句是一般现在时，there be句型遵循就近一致原则，“an English lesson”是单数，be动词用is。故填is。 25．句意：他们上午9点先上英语课。根据“They have an English lesson...at 9:00a.m.”可推出是先上英语课，用first表示“首先”。故填first。 26．句意：休息后，他们上第二节课。根据“have a break from 10:00 a.m. to 10:20 a.m.”可知，特指上文中提到的休息用定冠词the。故填the。 27．句意：它持续一小时十五分钟。根据“It lasts (持续) for an hour and fifteen”可知，此处填表示“分”的名词复数，minutes“分”符合句意。故填minutes。 28．句意：有些孩子自己从家里带午饭，有些孩子在学校食堂吃午饭。根据“Some”可知，此处填名词复数形式children“孩子们”。故填children。 29．句意：大多数孩子都喜欢午餐时间，因为他们可以在午饭后愉快地交谈。根据“talk”可知，此处填副词happily“愉快地”修饰动词。故填happily。 30．句意：学生们在阅览室里看书。do some reading”阅读”。故填reading。 31．句意：之后，他们做不同的课外活动。different后接可数名词复数，所以填复数形式activities。故填activities。 32．句意：例如，练习打篮球可以帮助他们长高。practise doing sth练习做某事”。故填playing。 33．句意：他们在学校愉快地学习。have a wonderful time doing sth.“做某事很愉快”。故填studying。 五、选词填空 live   there    be    life    far    close    build    to    quiet    with My name is Linda. I live in Yushancun. It's a 34 community. There are many old people 35 here. Many families 36 young children live here, too. They are all kind 37 each other. There 38 a lot of tall buildings and small gardens in our community. My home is in an apartment 39 . Behind the building, there is a sports center. People often do sports 40 . There are many shops and restaurants 41 to my home. There is a supermarket near Xinhua Bookstore and there is a hospital behind the supermarket. Our school is not 42 from here. There is a community service center in our area.  We can call it for help. People all love the community and we have a colorful 43 here! 【答案】 34．quiet 35．living 36．with 37．to 38．are 39．building 40．there 41．close 42．far 43．life 【分析】文章大意：本文描述了Linda所居住的社区——玉山村。主要描述了这里居住的人群和社区各建筑物的位置关系。 34．句意：这是一个安静的社区。根据“It's a … community.”可知设空处修饰后面的名词community，在句中作定语，结合备选词汇，可知quiet“安静的”，形容词，符合题意，故填quiet。 35．句意：有许多老人住在这里。根据“There are many old people … here.”可知本句为there be句型，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。结合备选词汇，可知是有许多老人住在这里，此处应填动词live的分词形式living，living here相当于who live here，修饰many old people，故填living。 36．句意：很多有小孩的家庭也住在这里。根据“Many families … young children live here, too.”结合备选词汇，可知是很多有小孩的家庭也住在这里。with表示“带有、具有”，符合题意，故填with。 37．句意：他们对彼此都很友好。根据“They are all kind … each other.”结合备选词汇，可知是他们对彼此都很友好。to each other“彼此之间”，因此这里应用介词to，故填to。 38．句意：在我们的社区有很多高楼和小花园。根据“There … a lot of tall buildings and small gardens in our community.”可知，本句考查there be结构，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，因此be动词用are，故填are。 39．句意：我的家在一栋公寓楼里。根据下文“Behind the building”，结合“My home is in an apartment … .”可知是我的家在一栋公寓楼里。an apartment building“一栋公寓楼”，故填building。 40．句意：人们经常在那里进行体育锻炼。根据上文“Behind the building, there is a sports center.”在大楼的后面，有一个体育中心。结合“People often do sports … .”及备选词汇，可知是人们经常在那里进行体育锻炼，there“那里”，符合题意，故填there。 41．句意：我家附近有很多商店和餐馆。根据“There are many shops and restaurants … to my home.”结合备选词汇，可知是我家附近有很多商店和餐馆。close to“靠近”，固定词组，故填close。 42．句意：我们的学校离这里不远。根据“Our school is not … from here.”结合备选词汇，可知是我们的学校离这里不远。far from“远离”，固定词组，故填far。 43．句意：人们都喜欢这个社区，我们在这里有丰富多彩的生活!根据“People all love the community”人们都喜欢这个社区，结合“we have a colorful … here!”及备选词汇，可知是我们在这里有丰富多彩的生活! a colorful life“丰富多彩的生活”，故填life。 六、书面表达 44．请以“My favorite subject”为题写一篇短文，介绍一下你最喜欢的科目，并说明原因： (1) 我喜欢的学科有……，但我最喜欢的学科是…… (2) 老师优秀，乐于助人，教我们如何解决问题。 (3) ……在生活中很有用，我觉得它真的是又神奇又有趣（用感叹句写作）。 (4) …… 要求： (1) 词数限定：60—80词。 (2) 包括要点所有内容，可适当发挥。 (3) 字迹工整，不涂改。 My Favorite Subject ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： My Favorite Subject I like many subjects, such as Chinese, Geography, English and so on. But my favorite subject is Math. There are many reasons for this. To begin with, my math teacher is excellent and friendly. When I have some problems in math, he is always ready to help me. And he always teaches us how to solve math problems. Besides, in my opinion, math is very useful in our daily life. It is really magic and fun. Therefore, math is my favorite subject. What about you? 【总体分析】 ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：一般现在时； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意明确最喜欢的科目，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 【写作步骤】 第一步，表明写作意图。表明自己喜欢的科目； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“老师、科目、感受”这几个方面重点介绍自己最喜欢的科目； 第三步，书写结语。表达自己最喜欢的科目。 【亮点词汇】 ① such as 例如 ② to begin with 开始 ③ be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事 【高分句型】 ①When I have some problems in math, he is always ready to help me. (when引导时间状语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第10讲 特殊句型目录 语法导入：思维导图 语法精讲：there be句型 语法精讲：感叹句 语法实战：考查题型 重难点★ 考查题型：单项选择、完形填空、短文填空、选词填空、书面表达 考点：there be句型、感叹句 there be句型 There ______ a match today. There ______ many matches today. There ______ a match last night. There ______ many matches last night. There ______ a match tomorrow. There ______ a football match and two basketball matches today. There ______ two basketball matches and a football match today. 肯定句 There is/are/was/were/will be... 否定句 There isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t/won’t be... 一般疑问句 把be动词和there换一个位置，Is/Are/Was/Were there ... will比较特别，Will there be ... 特殊疑问句 可数名词，用★____________提问, How many are there？ 不可数名词，用★____________提问，How much is there？ 考点：1. 表示“某地有某物”； 2. there be句型的句型转换； 3. there be 句型和have 的区别。 【实战演练】 1．There are two maps on the desk.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） — two maps on the desk? — , . 2．There is some water in the glass. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) there water in the glass? No, there . 3．There is a whiteboard in my classroom. (改为否定句) a whiteboard in my classroom. 4．There will be a basketball match this evening (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) — a basketball match this evening? — No, . 5．There are ten people in my family. (对划线部分提问) people in your family? 6．There are two glasses of milk on the table. (对划线部分提问) there on the table? 7．Our school has 34 classes. (改为同义句) 34 classes in our school. 感叹句 What感叹句 ★____________ nice boy he is!他是一个多好的男孩啊! ★____________ nice boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊! ★____________ exciting film it is!这是一部多么令人兴奋的电影啊! ★____________ exciting films they are! 它们是多么令人兴奋的电影啊! ★____________ nice weather it is!天气多好啊! How感叹句 ★____________ funny he looks! 他看上去真滑稽! ★____________ exciting the film is!这部影片真激动人心! 8．Gu Fangzhou is a great medical scientist.（改为感叹句） great medical scientist Gu Fangzhou is! 9．Su Yiming is very hard-working on the road to success. (改为感叹句) Su Yiming is on the road to success! 二、单项选择 10．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ amazing magic show I saw yesterday! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a 11．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic. —Exactly. I simply can’t wait! A．How B．What C．How a D．What a 12．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. ________ exciting the news is! A．How B．How an C．What D．What an 13．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）________ exciting news! They won the football match at last. A．What B．How C．What a D．What an 综合训练 三、完形填空 Eva and Norman are both 80 years old. They are 14 to animals. In December 2021, they went to the outside to look after the poor birds. They 15 a bad storm. On their way home, the heavy 16 stopped them. And it was terribly 17 . Eva thought they couldn’t get home any more. She thought they could die because of the bad storm. They were in great 18 ! But 19 , their dog, Shana, was with them. Shana was only two years old, but she could understand people very well. When she found Eva didn’t have a coat to keep 20 , she walked around to get a good idea. Then Shana 21 to dig under the snow. After some time, Shana dug a 20­-foot­-long tunnel (隧道) home. At first, Eva and Norman didn’t know what Shana wanted them to do. Shana walked into the tunnel, and then went 22 . She walked to Eva and took her jacket to let her go into the tunnel. The little dog took the two old to climb all the way back to their home. Finally, they got to their house, tired 23 safe. 24 clever the two­-year-­old dog was! 14．A．kind B．bored C．hard D．tired 15．A．saw B．found C．met D．had 16．A．snow B．rain C．coat D．dog 17．A．warm B．hot C．cold D．dry 18．A．time B．weather C．surprise D．danger 19．A．happily B．luckily C．quickly D．usually 20．A．beautiful B．clean C．warm D．young 21．A．wished B．hoped C．started D．thought 22．A．right B．back C．away D．out 23．A．What a B．How C．How a D．What 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Here is the school day in an English school. Morning There 24 (be) an English lesson and a maths lesson in the morning. They have an English lesson 25 (one) at 9:00 a.m. The children have a break from 10:00 a.m. to 10:20 a.m. After 26 break, they have the second lesson. It lasts (持续) for an hour and fifteen 27 . They usually take a test during this time. Lunchtime Lunchtime is from 12:00 at noon to 1:10 p.m. Some 28 (child) bring their own lunch from home, while others have lunch in the school canteen (餐厅). Most of the children like lunchtime because they can talk 29 (happy) after lunch. Afternoon The students do some 30 (read) in the library. Then they have one or two lessons. They study art, history and science. After that, they do different after-school 31 (activity). It is good for their health. For example, practicing 32 (play) basketball can help them grow tall. They have a wonderful time 33 (study) at school. School is over at 4:15 p.m. Then they go home. 五、选词填空 live   there    be    life    far    close    build    to    quiet    with My name is Linda. I live in Yushancun. It's a 34 community. There are many old people 35 here. Many families 36 young children live here, too. They are all kind 37 each other. There 38 a lot of tall buildings and small gardens in our community. My home is in an apartment 39 . Behind the building, there is a sports center. People often do sports 40 . There are many shops and restaurants 41 to my home. There is a supermarket near Xinhua Bookstore and there is a hospital behind the supermarket. Our school is not 42 from here. There is a community service center in our area.  We can call it for help. People all love the community and we have a colorful 43 here! 六、书面表达 44．请以“My favorite subject”为题写一篇短文，介绍一下你最喜欢的科目，并说明原因： (1) 我喜欢的学科有……，但我最喜欢的学科是…… (2) 老师优秀，乐于助人，教我们如何解决问题。 (3) ……在生活中很有用，我觉得它真的是又神奇又有趣（用感叹句写作）。 (4) …… 要求： (1) 词数限定：60—80词。 (2) 包括要点所有内容，可适当发挥。 (3) 字迹工整，不涂改。 My Favorite Subject ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$