Unit 1 Science and Scientists Using Language Reading for Writing 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Reading for Writing： write about what makes a great scientist Teaching goal: Learn and use of new vocabulary learned from the text. Develop the ability to understand, extract and summarize information. Guide students to understand the great character of scientists. Write about a great scientist. Teaching aims: Read to know the main content and structure of the passage. Develop the reading ability by doing tasks. Master some key words and phrases in the passage. Learn to study/discuss in groups or to express own opinions. 钱学森（1911-2009） ，享誉海内外 的杰出科学家，我国导弹、原子弹和人 造卫星研究领域的开拓者，航天科学的奠基人。1991年国务院、中央军委授予他“国家杰出贡献科学家”荣誉称号和“一级英雄模范奖章”， 以表彰他对我国科技事业作出的杰出贡献。1999年中共中央、国务院、中央军委作出决定，授予钱学森“两弹一星功勋奖章”。 4 史蒂芬·霍金 Stephen Hawking （1942-2018） ， 英国著名物理学家、宇宙学家、数学家。生前曾在英国剑桥大学担任卢卡斯数学教授（国际数学领域极具声望的教授职衔）， 被认为是继爱因斯坦之后最杰出的理论物理学家之一。1963年，21岁的霍金被诊断患有肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症， 即运动神经细胞病，从此，霍金便不 断与疾病斗争、挑战自我、奉献社会，是人类身残志坚的典范。他著有《时间简史》 (A Brief History of Time)等著作， 对宇宙黑洞有独到的见地和研究。 5 Fast-reading The text is mainly about ______________ _________________________________________ ______________________. the brief introduction of Qian Xuesen and Stephen Hawking. THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Para 1 THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with "great scientific thought and scientific spirit" who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man. Main idea? General description of Qian Xuesen. the father of China's space 中国航天之父 no other scientist 没有其他科学家 have a great impact on ...对…有巨大影响 China’s aerospace science 中国航天科学 be described as... 叙述为…，形容为…，说成是… the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen 《钱学森的故事》的作者们 a man with great scientific thought and scientific spirit 一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人 serve one's homeland with effort, achievement and devotion 用努力、成就和奉献精神为自己的祖国服务 be an extremely well-respected man 一个非常受尊敬的人 the father of China's space 中国航天之父 no other scientist 没有其他科学家 have a great impact on ...对…有巨大影响 China’s aerospace science 中国航天科学 be described as... 叙述为…，形容为…，说成是… the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen 《钱学森的故事》的作者们 a man with great scientific thought and scientific spirit 一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人 serve one's homeland with effort, achievement and devotion 用努力、成就和奉献精神为自己的祖国服务 be an extremely well-respected man 一个非常受尊敬的人 THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Perhaps no other scientist _______________(have) a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. _______________(describe) by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with "great scientific thought and scientific spirit" who was patriotic and ____________(serve) his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely _____________(受人尊敬的) man. has had Described served well-respected Para 2 Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. Main idea? Qian's early life and education (switched majors) . ____________(bear) in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University ___________ (study) Railway Mechanical Engineering. However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision ____________(switch) ______ major to aviation because he realised that China needed ______ own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. Born to study to switch his its Para 3 Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies. Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology. As a graduate assistant at the California institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, and in the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA'S leading space-exploration centres. Main idea? Qian's career in the United States (a big success). pursue one's graduate studies 读研究生 Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s 在20世纪30年代和40年代 become a pioneer in ..... 成为.....(某一领域/行业)的先驱 American jet and rocket technology美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术 as a graduate assistant 作为一个研究生助理 during the 1930s 在20世纪30年代 conduct important research into... 进行（有关）……的重要研究 rocket propulsion 喷气推进 in the 1940s 在20世纪40年代 found the Jet Propulsion Laboratory成立喷气推进实验室 one of NASA'S leading space-exploration centres 美国宇航局领先的太空探索研究中心之一 pursue one's graduate studies 读研究生 Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s 在20世纪30年代和40年代 become a pioneer in ..... 成为.....(某一领域/行业)的先驱 American jet and rocket technology美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术 as a graduate assistant 作为一个研究生助理 during the 1930s 在20世纪30年代 conduct important research into... 进行（有关）……的重要研究 rocket propulsion 喷气推进 in the 1940s 在20世纪40年代 found the Jet Propulsion Laboratory成立喷气推进实验室 one of NASA'S leading space-exploration centres 美国宇航局领先的太空探索研究中心之一 Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate __________(study) . _________ the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer _______ American jet and rocket technology. ________ a graduate assistant at the California institute of Technology _______ the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, and in the 1940s, he and several other ___________(people) founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA'S leading space-exploration __________(centre) . studies Over in As during people centres Para 4 After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge. When asked "Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” his reply was a determined "Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” Main idea? Qian's return to China and his determination of developing Chinese missile program (despite the difficulties). during his final few years 在他最后几年里 return to ......回到...... receive a hero’s welcome from ...受到来自...的英雄般的欢迎 be put in charge of ...分管......;主管...... develope China’s rocket science 发展中国的火箭科学 its space and missile programme 其航天和导弹项目 at that time 在那时; 当时 be undeveloped 尚不发达 no institute or university in China 中国没有一所学院或大学 offer rocket science as a major 开设火箭科学作为一个专业 no talents or experts in this field 在这个领域没有人才或专家 nevertheless adv. 然而; 尽管如此; 不过 discourage sb from doing 阻止某人做(某事) take on...承担...，接受... take on the challenge承担挑战 the same as.... 和 ....相似 the same that...同一 during his final few years 在他最后几年里 return to ......回到...... receive a hero’s welcome from ...受到来自...的英雄般的欢迎 be put in charge of ...分管......;主管...... develope China’s rocket science 发展中国的火箭科学 its space and missile programme 其航天和导弹项目 at that time 在那时; 当时 be undeveloped 尚不发达 no institute or university in China 中国没有一所学院或大学 offer rocket science as a major 开设火箭科学作为一个专业 no talents or experts in this field 在这个领域没有人才或专家 nevertheless adv. 然而; 尽管如此; 不过 discourage sb from doing 阻止某人做(某事) take on...承担...，接受... take on the challenge承担挑战 the same as.... 和 ....相似 the same that...同一 After ______________(overcome) some difficulties during his final few years in the US Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and ______________(put) in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was ______________(develop) . No institute or university in China ___________(offer) rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that ______________(discourage) him from ______________(take) on the challenge. When __________(ask) "Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” his reply was a determined "Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things ________ other people make.” overcoming was put undeveloped offered discourage taking asked that Para 5 Under Qians leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets. In 1970, China successful launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, from a Long March rocket. Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian's research, Qian earned the name of "the father of Chinas aerospace.” Main idea? Qian’s contribution to China’s aerospace. under the leadership of... = under one's leadership 在...的领导下 develope the Dongfeng missiles 研制出“东风”导弹 be followed by ....紧接着...... the first generation of Long March rockets 第一代长征系列火箭 launch its first man-made satellite 发射其第一颗人造卫星 trace sth (back) to... 追溯什么到... be traced back to Qian's research 追根溯源到钱学森的研究 earn the name of the father of Chinas aerospace 赢得中国航空航天之父的名字 under the leadership of... = under one's leadership 在...的领导下 develope the Dongfeng missiles 研制出“东风”导弹 be followed by ....紧接着...... the first generation of Long March rockets 第一代长征系列火箭 launch its first man-made satellite 发射其第一颗人造卫星 trace sth (back) to... 追溯什么到... be traced back to Qian's research 追根溯源到钱学森的研究 earn the name of the father of Chinas aerospace 赢得中国航空航天之父的名字 ________ Qian's leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, ___________(follow) by the first generation of Long March rockets. In 1970, China ______________(success) launched ________ first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, from _______a Long March rocket. Because much of the technology _________ the Shenzhou rockets can also ____________(trace) back to Qian's research, Qian earned the name of "the father of Chinas aerospace.” Under followed successfully its a behind be traced Para 6 Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable, especially in the area of frontier science research. However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. Main idea? Possible reasons for Qian's prominence 声望(his appreciation for art). read a lot 博览群书 be extremely knowledgeable 知识极其渊博 in the area of frontier science research 在前沿科学研究领域 make sb such an outstanding and creative scientist 使某人成为一个如此杰出而有创造力的科学家 one's strong interest in other things 某人对其他事物的强烈兴趣 one's deep appreciation for ... 某人对....的深切欣赏 give sb inspiration in his scientific research 给某人的科研工作带来灵感 read a lot 博览群书 be extremely knowledgeable 知识极其渊博 in the area of frontier science research 在前沿科学研究领域 make sb such an outstanding and creative scientist 使某人成为一个如此杰出而有创造力的科学家 one's strong interest in other things 某人对其他事物的强烈兴趣 one's deep appreciation for ... 某人对....的深切欣赏 give sb inspiration in his scientific research 给某人的科研工作带来灵感 Qian read a lot and was _______________(extreme) _______________(knowledge) ,_______________ (especial) in the area of frontier science research. However, what might have made him such an outstanding and _______________(create) scientist was _______________(probable) his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. extremely knowledgeable especially creative probably Para 7 On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qians death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways. Main idea? People honoured and remembered Qian after his death. on 31 October 2009 在2009年10月31日 the whole country 举国；全国 be saddened by...... 因为.....而悲伤 honour and remember sb in different way 以各种方式纪念和缅怀他 _______ 31 October 2009, ________ whole country _______________(sad) by Qians death, and people honoured and ________________ ( remember) him in different __________ (way) . On the was saddened remembered ways A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT Para 1 A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics. Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair unable to move and using a computer to talk. Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles his world became one of abstract thought. Main idea? The greatness of Stephen Hawking (physical description) . a world of pure thought 一个纯思维的世界 one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics 在物理学界最著名和最具天赋的科学家之一 be familiar with sth 通晓...；熟悉... images of him in his wheelchair, unable to move 他坐在轮椅上无法动弹的样子 images of him in his wheelchair, using a computer to talk 他坐在轮椅上只能通过电脑来说话的样子 come down with a disease 生病;不舒服;染疾 lose the use of most of his muscles 失去大部分肌肉的使用 become one of abstract thought变成一个抽象思维的世界 a world of pure thought 一个纯思维的世界 one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics 在物理学界最著名和最具天赋的科学家之一 be familiar with sth 通晓...；熟悉... images of him in his wheelchair, unable to move 他坐在轮椅上无法动弹的样子 images of him in his wheelchair, using a computer to talk 他坐在轮椅上只能通过电脑来说话的样子 come down with a disease 生病;不舒服;染疾 lose the use of most of his muscles 失去大部分肌肉的使用 become one of abstract thought变成一个抽象思维的世界 A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and __________(gift) scientists _______ physics. Most people are familiar ________ images of him in his wheelchair ___________(able) to move and __________(use) a computer to talk. Since he came down _________a disease which caused him ____________(lose) the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought. gifted in with unable using to lose with Para 2 Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to walk, as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. In general there were two main theories on the origin of the universe. The first was the steady state theory, which holds that the universe has no beginning or end. The other was the big bang theory, which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space. The biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle, a professor at Cambridge. During the question and answer period after one of Hoyle’s lectures, Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths. Once the maths was corrected, it showed that the big bang theory—and not the steady state theory—was true. Hawking’s own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes. A star was born. Main idea? How Hawking achieved his fame (challenging the steady state theory). achieve fame成名be healthy enough to do sth足够健康去做某事 as a graduate student in physics 作为一名物理学专业的研究生 in general 总的来说;普遍地 theories on the origin of the universe 关于宇宙起源的理论 the steady state theory 稳态理论 the big bang theory大爆炸理论 hold that .....认为...... have no beginning or end 无始无终 begin at a single point 从单个单点开始 in time and space 在时空中 champion n. 冠军; 支持者 the biggest champion of .... ...的最大拥护者 during the question and answer period 在问答期间 point out that ...指出......it showed that ......显示/表明...... make a mistake in his maths 在他的数学计算上犯错 be soon proven by astronomers with telescopes 很快就被天文学家用望远镜验证了 achieve fame成名be healthy enough to do sth足够健康去做某事 as a graduate student in physics 作为一名物理学专业的研究生 in general 总的来说;普遍地 theories on the origin of the universe 关于宇宙起源的理论 the steady state theory 稳态理论 the big bang theory大爆炸理论 hold that .....认为...... have no beginning or end 无始无终 begin at a single point 从单个单点开始 in time and space 在时空中 champion n. 冠军; 支持者 the biggest champion of .... ...的最大拥护者 during the question and answer period 在问答期间 point out that ...指出......it showed that ......显示/表明...... make a mistake in his maths 在他的数学计算上犯错 be soon proven by astronomers with telescopes 很快就被天文学家用望远镜验证了 Hawking first achieved fame __________ he was still healthy enough to walk, as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. The first was the steady state theory, __________ holds that the universe has no beginning or end. The other was the big bang theory, __________ holds __________ the universe began at a single point in time and space. During the question and answer period after one of Hoyle’s lectures, Hawking stood up and pointed out __________Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths. __________ the maths was corrected, it showed __________ the big bang theory—and not the steady state theory—was true. when which which that that Once that Para 3 So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius? Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. Furthermore, he was quite determined. This had helped him as a scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight against his disease. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults. This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. Main idea? What made Hawking a genius? (his bravery + determination + honesty) make Stephen Hawking a genius 使霍金成为一名天オ besides being brilliant 除了才华横溢之外 be careless in what he said or did 言行举止随意 say what others were afraid to say 说别人不敢说的话 dream of what others were afraid to dream about 做别人不敢做的梦 be quite determined 意志坚定 make sb sth 使某人成为...... help sb as a scientist 有助于某人作为一个科学家 in one's fight against ....在与......的斗争中 above all 最重要的是；尤其是; admit one's faults 承认错误 this odd combination of characteristics 这种奇怪的性格特点组合 one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries 二十与二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一 make Stephen Hawking a genius 使霍金成为一名天オ besides being brilliant 除了才华横溢之外 be careless in what he said or did 言行举止随意 say what others were afraid to say 说别人不敢说的话 dream of what others were afraid to dream about 做别人不敢做的梦 be quite determined 意志坚定 make sb sth 使某人成为...... help sb as a scientist 有助于某人作为一个科学家 in one's fight against ....在与......的斗争中 above all 最重要的是；尤其是; admit one's faults 承认错误 this odd combination of characteristics 这种奇怪的性格特点组合 one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries 二十与二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一 So, _________ made Stephen Hawking a genius? _________ being brilliant, he was brave, _________ sometimes careless in what he said or did. He was willing to say what others were afraid __________(say) , and ____________(dream) of what others were afraid to dream about. Furthermore, he was quite _______________(determine) . This had helped him _______a scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight ___________ his disease. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his __________(fault) . This odd ______________ (combine) of characteristics had made him one of the greatest ____________(think) of the 20th and 21st centuries. what Besides though to say to dream determined as against faults combination thinkers Reading Comprehension 1.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.Being careful is the key to success. B.A great scientist is a man who works hard. C.A great scientist should be hard-working， determined and full of love. D.As long as a person is intelligent and brilliant，he will make a great scientist. C 2.Why did Qian Xuesen change his major to aviation？Because . A.he was not interested in his former major B.he could get a well paid job in the future C.he felt it his duty to help his homeland D.the country asked him to do so C 3.What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the passage? A.His strong interest in art like music and drawing. B.His research in the United States. C.His friends’ encouragement. D.His habit of reading a lot. A 4.How long did Qian Xuesen stay in the United States? A. About 15 years. B. About 20 years. C. About 25 years. D. About 30 years. B 5.How was Hawking’s own theory proved correct? A. Fred Hoyle admitted the mistake himself. B. He worked with others to prove it true. C. He pointed out and corrected Fred Hoyle’s mistake in the maths. D. Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in physics at the moment. C How to write an article about an outstanding figure? 杰出人物介绍 基本内容： 1. age, sex, birth-place, background (概况) 2. appearance, character (外表、性格) 3. education (教育背景) 4. big events in his or her life (in order of time) (经历、生平) 5. evaluation (评价) 1. 介绍概况：同位语结构、分词结构，使文章简洁。如： (1)Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family (一个贫苦家庭的儿子), was born in Kentucky on February 12, 1809. [同位语] (2)Sun Showier, a world champion in diving (一位跳水的世界冠军), is a boy of 14 from Guangdong. [同位语] (3)Born in Maryland, USA in 1985(他1985年出生于美国马里兰州), Michael Phelps is a famous swimmer.[分语短语] (4)In 2006, having broken the world record and got the gold medal (在他打破世界纪录并获得金牌之后), he became the idol of the youth.[分词短语] （5）Lei Feng set an good example to us (给我们树立了一个良好的榜样), so all the people show great respect to him (很敬重他). （尽量运用高级短语） 描写外貌：巧用with短语。如： My history teacher is a beautiful woman, with long hair and big eyes (她长着两只大眼睛，留着长发). 生平事迹：尽量用复合句、并列句、非谓语动词短语和倒装等高级语句。如： (1)In his life, he got many honours, one of which is the 2005 CCTV Moving China Award (其中包括获得“2005感动中国年度人物”的称号). [定语从句] 你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报，介绍我国著名的科学家。请你根据下列提示写一篇英语短文。 钱学森简介 人物身份 杰出科学家和我国航天事业的先驱。 生平活动 * 1911年12月11日出生于浙江杭州一个富裕之家，少时天资聪颖，被称为“神童”。 * 1934年毕业于上海交通大学，其后前往美国深造并获得航空学博士学位。 * 1955年回国，毕生从事航天科技事业，参与火箭和导弹的开发研制，开启中国航天时代。 * 2009年11月，于北京逝世。 成就/评价 成就斐然，被誉为“中国航天之父”和“火箭大王” 参考词汇：航空学 the science of Astronomy, 航天科技事业 AnA industry, (Astronomy and Aircraft), “神童” a super-talented boy 题目：A Brief Introduction of Qian Xuesen Born into a wealthy family on December 11th, 19111, Zhejiang Province, Qian Xuesen was so clever that he was regarded as a “super talented” boy in his childhood. Having graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934, he went to America for his further study and gained his doctor’s degree in the Science of Astronomy. Since he returned to China, he has devoted all his life to China’s AnA industry, taking part in the design and research of rockets and missiles as well as opening a new era of China’s Astronomy industry. It’s for his outstanding achievements that Qian Xuesen is honored as the “Father of China’s Astronomy” and the “King of Rockets”. Qian Xuesen, a pioneer of China’s Astronomy industry, passed away in November, 2009 in Beijing. 假定你是李华，你班英语角科学家专栏要张贴有关女性科学家的文章，请你撰写一篇有关居里夫人的文章，投稿到英语角。主要内容包括： ①居里夫人：1867年生于波兰。 ②与教授 Pierre Curie 结婚，发现钋和镭；1903年共同获得诺贝尔物理学奖。 ③1911年单独获得诺贝尔化学奖；第一位两次获诺贝尔奖的科学家。 参考词汇：钋 polonium 镭radium 注意：①词数80左右； ②可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。 51 参考范文 Marie Curie-a great scientist As an outstanding scientist, Marie Curie was born in Poland in 1867. From her childhood, she, as a gifted girl, hoped to become a scientist. In 1895 she married Professor Pierre Curie. They researched together into radioactive matters and discovered pure polonium and radium. It was because of their remarkable findings that they won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1903. After her husband died, she wasn't frustrated and continued her research. She received a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911. So she became the first scientist in the world to win two Nobel Prizes and due to her substantial contribution, she was acknowledged as one of the greatest women scientists in the world.   52 $$