北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

北京市朝阳区2024~2025学年度第一学期期末质量检测 高二英语试卷 2025.1 (考试时间100分钟 满分100分 本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答,在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分知识运用(共三节,30分) 第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选 项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 For anyone who has taken the path to High Rock Lookout (望台) in Washington, they'll know it's hard. However, the 79-year-old woman Bannister was 1 of getting to the lookout because she had gone up many times before. As Bannister 2 , she made it to the top. When she began heading back down, she caught her foot in a hole and 3 forward hard. By the time she turned herself right side up, she found her foot was pointing the wrong way. In pain she cried out for help. Before long two young hikers Jack and Allen came to her side and called 911. A search and rescue team said they'd be there in 5 hours, which 4 everybody. Bannister asked the young men if they had any painkillers, and they 5 they did not. Realising the woman had nothing to help herself for 5 upcoming hours of great pain, Jack took action. Lifting her 6 onto his back, he began the slow, careful journey downhill Jack hiked three-quarters of the journey, while Allen took care of the remaining distance Once they 7 , Allen sped Bannister off to the hospital. The doctors told her she had broken several bones and that it might have been a lot worse without the 8 help. She then began a long road to recovery that saw people come and visit her, including Jack and Allen. wh won an achievement medal for their 9. "I was filled with 10 that they just came out of the woods to help me and they were totally unselfish and kind." Bannister said, adding that the friendship she gained in Jack anc Allen was worth more than the pain and discomfort 1. A. confident B. careful C. uncertain D. afraid 2. A. demanded B. complained C. predicted D. pretended 3. A. jumped B. fell C. looked D. pushed 4. A. discouraged C. relieved B. enlightened D. interrupted B. proposed C. replied 5. A. announced D. reflected C. accidentally 6. A. regularly B. gently D. casually 高二英语试卷 第1页(共10页) C. got down 7. A. set out B. turned around D. went on C. frequent 8. A. potential B. professional D. immediate B. discipline C. insights 9. A. cooperation D. efforts 10. A. passion B. appreciation C. satisfaction D. admiration 第二节选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分) 阅读下面句子,根据句意,从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组,并使用其正确形式填空 figure out decrease dominate moffvate encounter strive to regardless of apart from rely on locxte 11. Teaching is all about how to people to learn 12. It took me a long time to what he really meant. 13. Technology should serve us rather than our lives. 14. James decided to pursue his dream what others said. 15. __their flat in the city, they also have a house in the countryside 16. After the heavy storm, rescue planes tried to _ the missing sailors. 17. Zhang Guimei's message to young girls is to be their best selves. 18. Mike many doubts from his classmates when he proposed a new plan. 19. The number of the patients infected by flu significantly in the past few weeks. 20. The small town tourism annually for its economic development during the tourist season. (请务必将第11至20题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内 第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分) 阅读下面句子,根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. The train (leave) before I got to the station. 22. Doctors say we should have our eyes ( test) every year. 23. I have a good collection of books, from I benefit a lot. 24. You must be ( absolute) silent or the birds won't appear. 25. _(cover) with thick snow, the mountains look like a silver world. 26. At 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon, we ( practise) basketball skills. 27. They ( work) on their program all year and are hoping to finish it soon. 28. _(run) in the morning is a good habit that helps improve my physical health. 29. The speech about career planning ( give) in the school lecture hall last Friday. 30. The building, the important conference is being held, is in the center of the city. (请务必将第21至30题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内) 高二英语试卷 第2页(共10页) 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 A Callng all future scientists and engineers! EUREKA! is hosting our annual science fair! Here's your chance to apply your love of STEM ( Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) by creating and conducting your own scientific investigation(调查研究). Participation is free and open to all high school students! Students can either enter as an individual or as a team of no more than 3 members. Judging will be based on grade, so there will be separate prizes for different graders. If a team is composed of students from different grades, the project will be judged in the grade category of the oldest participant's grade Project Submission All of the following must be completed by Sunday, March 9, 2025 · Complete the registration form (one per team). · Create an electronic display poster summarising their project and email it to the science fair committee. · Create a video presentation (less than 5 minutes) explaining their project to the judges, and email it to the science fair committee Safety Rules It is important to wear proper protective gear (装备) when necessary in addition to disposing of (处理) waste properly when conducting a scientific investigation. We strongly recommend that guardians look up and study Safety Data Sheets for any chemicals that their students use and accept responsibility for not allwing their students to experiment with dangerous chemicals. Projects that include the dangerous components go against our safety rules, and will not be displayed or judged. Please contact EUREKA! directly to discuss if you are unsure about your project 31. To enter the science fair, participants need to A. form a 3-member team B. apply for STEM courses C. be high school students D. come from the same grade 32. What are participants required to do by the submission date? A. Submit their display poster. B. Fill in the registration form individually. C. Video the investigation process. D. Present their project to judges in person 高二英语试卷 第3页(共10页) 33. What will cause the project display to be cancelled? A. Getting rid of project waste improperly. B. Involving harmful chemicals in the project C. Performing experiments without a guardian. D. Conducting investigations without protection B When I got my first research project to work, I was so excited. Seeing research in action wa: enjoyable. My excitement, though, was soon cut short when my professor asked me to write a research paper on the project. My body tensed. Writing was the last thing I wanted to do: it's on reason why I pursued science in the first place. I had hated writing since I was a little boy. But I couldn't avoid it: writing classes were required in high school. For hours, I stared at blank pages, trying to turn my disorganised thought into fluent sentences. My teachers would return my papers littered with red, showing my paragraphs were out of order. I was frustrated to no end. How could I know what was good if there was no objectively right answer? Maybe I wasn't cut out for writing I studied engineering in college. A few years later, I joined a research lab. The professor assigned me an initial project to improve the efficiency of an inductor (电路感应器). I spent weeks setting up a test for a new design. When I got the results, though, the numbers weren't good. I kept trying new designs, using the results to brainstorm ideas with a team of researchers. Finally, after dozens of designs, we had one that could work. I was overjoyed-until my professor told me to write that research paper. ( In panic. I asked a graduate student in my lab for help. I carefully wrote an outline. But wher I asked him for feedback, I soon found the paper full of red marks. Before I could quit in defeat. though, the graduate student explained red didn't mean I was a bad writer. Writing isn't a one-and-done thing. It requires revising your work, often several times. Suddenly it occurred to me, "Hadn't I done the same thing when I was designing my research project?" I kept improving my outline eventually turning it into sentences and paragraphs, guided by feedback from others. Finally,I made it.and surprisingly. I was having fun ) From then on, writing became one of my favourite parts of research, and it still is today. It's a future I never could have imagined during my early struggles with writing classes. But I came around. 34. How did the author feel when asked to write a research paper? A. Regretful. B. Ashamed. C. Disappointed D. Unwilling. 高二英语试卷 第4页(共10页) 35. The author's teacher returned his papers littered with red because A. he handed in blank pages B. his sentences were smooth C. his writing lacked organisation D. he combined science in his writing 36. Which word would best describe the author's final research design? A. Hard-earned. B. Confusing D. Worrying. C. Well-known 37. What can we learn from this passage? A. A good beginning is half done. B. Actions speak louder than words C. A bad workman always blames his tools. D. Trial and error opens the door to progress. C We are constantly taught that acting early rather than procrastinating is the key to success, because "he who hesitates is lost." When we have a meaningful task, we're advised to get it done well ahead of schedule. When we have an original idea to invent a product or start a company, we're encouraged to be the first mover. Recently, an unusually creative doctoral student named Jihae Shin approached me with an opposite idea: procrastination might be favorable to originality. I challenged her to test it. Shin asked college students to write proposals for a business on a university campus to fill a lot where there used to be a convenience store. When they started the task immediately, they tended to propose conventional ideas-like another convenience store. When Shin randomly assigned some of the participants to procrastinate, putting off the task to play games, they produced more novel business ideas, like a lecture center and a storage facility. Independent raters evaluated the final proposals, without knowing who procrastinated and who started immediately. The proposals from the procrastinators were 28 percent more creative. 5 Although we were excited by these results, we were concerned that procrastination wasn't the real cause of creativity. Perhaps it was playing games that provided mental stimulation, or that simply gave them a break away from the task to think. But the experiment showed that neither playing games nor taking a break enhanced creativity. When people played games first, before learning about the task, they didn't submit more novel proposals. To do that, they needed to actually be procrastinating while playing games, keeping the business proposal task in the back of their minds. And when they started the task immediately and then took a break before returning tc it, they had already made too much progress to start over afresh. 高二英语试卷 第5页(共10页) In a classic study, marketing researchers Peter Golder and Gerard Tells compared the success of companies that were either pioneers or settlers. The pioneers were first movers. The settlers were slower to launch. When Golder and Tellis analysed hundreds of brands in three dozen different product categories, they found a surprising difference in failure rates: 47 percent for pioneers, compared with just 8 percent for settlers. Even when the pioneers did survive, they only captured an average of 10 percent of the market, compared with 28 percent for setlers. Settlers are often branded as copycats, but this fixed impression of them misses the mark. Instead of following the existing demand, they wait for the right time until they're ready to introduce something new. It's true that the early bird gets the worm, but we can't forget that the early worm gets caught. 38. According to the passage, Shin's theory suggests that A. being the first mover makes success more likely B. balancing working and having a break is important , C. delaying a task can offer us time to think before acting D. people are less creative due to mental stimulation of games 39. What can we learn from the classic study? A. Pioneers set a perfect standard for settlers. B. Pioneers always win competitive advantages C. Settlers' success is the result of strategic timing D. Settlers turned out to be incapable of innovating 40. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To emphasise the importance of acting early in success. B. To demonstrate procrastination can be a resource for creativity. C. To prove the effectiveness of our traditional belief in procrastinating D. To compare the procrastinators' creativity between recent and classic studies D Let's start with the end. If you know anything about the state of artificial intelligence, it's that many of the people advancing the technology are seriously worried about the technology they're advancing. Two statements stand out. The first followed the release of the company OpenAl's ChatGPT-4. calling for a six-month pause on any AI s\stem going beyond GPT's capabilities. The signatories(签署者) asked:"Should we develop nonhuman minds that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, and replace us?" The second statement, issued in May, 2023, signed by nearly allthe major AI company CEOs and most of the top AI research scientists, was just 22 words long:"Mitigating (减轻) the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority alongside other societal-scale risks like pandemics and nuclear war." 高二英语试卷 第6页(共10页) So, who's excited for AI? I am? Maybe? AI tools are helping the speechless speak and reducing energy consumption largely. There are brilliant people who say this is kid stuff. Soon everyone will have a customized knowledge assistant. The removal of loneliness is coming. Other equally brilliant people go straight to the other direction. Their imagination covers everything from an AI-manufactured extinction-level virus to societal destruction as jobs disappear and inequality becomes permanent. OpenAI's product launch made jaws drop. The tech is moving fast, but its impact will arrive in waves. We've already seen slight decrease in ChatGPT usage. That hardly means chatbots are doomed(注定失败的) or AI is a craze. Only that it's early. It will take time to understand how people adapt to these new tools. That time should not be wasted. The processors will keep processing-and we need to get ready. Because however far-fetched the idea of an artificial general intelligence-meaning an autonomous system that one day goes beyond human abilities-it's not impossible. We can also look out for the many ways AI tools can help us fix the hard problems humanity simply hasn't been able to solve That's the goal here, in this space, to examine AI in a slightly less anxiety-stricken way. The story so far has been told by geniuses with mixed motives and terrible emotional intelligence. It's really no surprise that they're also lousy storytellers. Who starts with extinction? Let's begin again. this time with creation. All of the software we've ever used was engineered to work backward from an outcome. Its creators wanted to help you find a webpage or play a game. Perhaps you've noticed that the major AI chatbots arrived with almost no user documentation or instructions. That's what makes this moment unique. We humans have created a tool for potentially infinite tasks. Its imperfections are ours to solve-and its powers still ours to shape 41. What can we learn from the two statements? A. The potential of AI is cause for concern. B. AI advancement deserves a global priority. C. The risk AI brings is impossible to control. D. AI is a common interest of whoever develops it 42. As for AI. which would the author agree with? A. It is unlikely to go beyond human abilities. B. It may be applied to handle climate change. C. It is misused by geniuses with bad motives D. It will gradually move towards imperfection. 43. What does the underlined word "lousy" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Awful. B. Gifted. C. Unexpected. D. Experienced 高二英语试卷 第7页(共10页) 44. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. AI Is Humans' Doomed Enemy B. AI Is on the Road to Destruction C. Are We Aware of the Risks from AI? D. Do We Hate AI for All the Right Reasons? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every night, no matter how tired I am, I carve out at least 5 to 10 minutes for a quick lessor on my language learning app. I might not be fluent yet. 45 Learning a new language can be incredibly helpful for cognitive health, particularly as we age. This is because language learning engages a wide range of complex cognitive abilities. They include memory, attention, and problem-solving, which can help to create and strengthen connections in the brain. The benefits go beyond protecting the brain against the effects of aging 46 We are all citizens of the world, and it's important for us to stay connected with other cultures and people from different backgrounds. Of course, knowing the benefits doesn't necessarily make the process easy. Time and devotion are two common challenges when it comes to learning a new language. But a big part of the reason why it's so tough comes down to our self-consciousness. 47 Being scared to practise or embarrassed about making mistakes certainly doesn't make it any easier! 48 Consistency is the key! Even just 5 to 10 minutes a day can help. Being exposed to and using the target language on a daily basis, even in small amounts, can significantly boost fluency. Besides, don't just limit your daily learning to your lessons. 49 This can be done through media, such as movies and music, which helps to build listening skills and exposes the learner to the language being used in its natural context Language learning is a gradual process. Embracing mistakes as part of the learning journey and staying motivated through setting achievable goals can make the experience both effective and enjoyable. A This allows people to learn languages naturally and efficiently. B. But that's exactly why learming a new language can be so beneficial C. Experts also note that language learning can help promote social connections. D. It's important to completely involve yourself in the language you want to acquire E. However, according to the experts, my daily lessons have far-reaching significance F. Feeling anxious can stand in the way of our progress when learning a new language. C Fortunately, there are plenty of effective ways to achieve your language-learning goals. 高二英语试卷 第8页(共10页) 第三部分书面表达(共两节,32分) 第一节(共4小题:第50、51题各2分,第52题3分,第53题5分,共12分) 阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In my grandparents' time, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was unimportant. Repair was usually the only option. So, when faced with a broken hoe(锄头).I decided to make the repair, just like grandpa would have done I dug through my toolbox for the needed parts, searching for just the right tools in my collection. Working with objects that have a history is satisfying, and I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep home going smoothly. Finally, I chose my favourite hammer(锤子), passed down from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa's hammer has a worn handle, spotted with colorful paint from a lifetime of projects. With just the right instrument in hand, I was ready to begin. Along with his hammer, grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. Over the years, I've enjoyed hearing the backstories of others' treasured objects as well. As I recorded the spoken history of one friend. she traced the story of grandma's rolling pin through her family tree. The rolling pin started as a wedding gift many generations ago. Lovingly passed down, along with a tradition of pie making and biscuit rolling, it touches the heartstrings of all in the family. It isn't just a piece of rolling pin and pastry hardwood: it is the memories of joyful times celebrated and heartbreaks shared. It also witnesses future hopes as little hands are coached on how to roll out pastry evenly and as new grandchildren are bounced on knees over a piece of after-dinner pie As I finished the hoe repair and put the hammer back, I said hearty thanks to grandpa and all those who took time to show me how to use tools and shared stories. I'm determined to pass both along to the next generation. 50. What did the author decide to do with the broken hoe? 51. What did grandpa pass down to the author? 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. >The rolling pin in the friend's family used to be a wedding gift and is passed down with a tradition of collecting useful tools 53. Besides hand tools like hammers and rolling pins, what object witnesses your joyful or heartbreaking times as you grow up? Why? ( In about 40 words) (请务必将第50至53题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内 高二英语试卷第9页(共10页) 第二节(20分) 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你在做和青少年热点话题相关的英文播客(线上节 目),打算邀请外国好友Jim来做访谈嘉宾。请给他写一封英文邮件,内容包括: 1. 你们将要探讨的话题及具体内容 2. 邀请他参加的原因。 注意:1.词数100左右: 2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 提示词:做播客make a podcast Dear Jim, Yours. i Hua (请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内