第04讲 Unit 4 A good read 核心知识精讲练-【寒假自学课】2025年八年级英语寒假提升精品讲义（牛津译林版）

第04讲 Unit 4 A good read 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 核心考点精讲精练 模块四 核心语法精讲精练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 课本词汇清单 1.French adj. 法国的→________ (法国) 2.writer n. 作家→________ (动词) 3.tie vt. 捆，绑→________ (现在分词)→________ (过去式)→________ (过去分词) 4.stomach n. 腹部；胃→________ (复数) 5.manage vt.&vi. 设法完成；管理→________ (名词) 6.success n. 成功→________ (形容词)→________ (副词) →________ (动词) 7.translate vt.&vi. 翻译→________ (名词) 8.Canadian adj. 加拿大的→________ (加拿大) 9.cook v. →　　 　　　(n.)烹饪  10.sell v. →　　　 　　 (n.)销售量(复数)  11.Canada n. →　　　 　　(adj.) 加拿大的 12.confident adj. →　　　 　　(n.) 信心 13.advise v. →　　　 　　(n.)  14.able adj. →　　　 　　(反义词) 不能的 15.hide v. →　　　 　　(adj.)隐藏的 16.library n. →　　 　　　(n.)图书管理员  17.copy n. →　　 　　　(复数)  18.Germany n. →　　　　 　(n.& adj.) 德语;德国人;德国的 →　　 　　　(复数)德国人  19.ugly adj. →　　　 　　 (比较级) →　　　 　 　(最高级)  20.experience n. →　　　 　　(adj.)有经验的  21.touch v. →　　　 　　(第三人称单数)  22.know v. →　　　 　 　(n.)知识  答案：1.France 2.write 3.tying;tied;tied 4. stomachs 5.manager 6. successful ; successfully; succeed 7.translation 8.Canada 9.cooking 10.sales 11. Canadian 12.confidence 13.advice 14. unable 15.hidden 16. librarian 17.copies 18.German; Germans 19.uglier;ugliest 20.experienced 21. touches 22. knowledge 课本短语清单 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　处理;对付  2.　　　　　　　　　　　被绑在地上  3.　　　　　　　　　　　将某物还给某人  4.　　　　　　　　　　　　朝某人大喊  5.　　　　　　　　　　　　筋疲力尽  6.　　　　　　　　　　　　醒来  7.　　　　　　　　　　　　和……尺寸一样  8.　　　　　　　　　　　　向下看  9.　　　　　　　　　　　爬过某人的全身  10.　　　　　　　 　　　　摔倒  11.　　　　　　　　　　　　继续移动  12.　　　　　　　　　　　　设法完成某事  13.　　　　　　　　　　　　　一大群……  14.　　　　　　　　　　　　朝某人径直走过来  15.　　　　　　　　　　　　建议某人做某事  16.　　　　　　　　　　　　上交;提交  17.　　　　　　　　　　　　　碰撞上岩石  18.　　　　　　　　　　　　　自学  19.　　　　　　　　　　　　　准时;按时 20.　　　　　　　　　　　　开启; 开创; 开辟  21.　　　　　　　　　　　　拒绝做某事  22.　　　　　　　　　　　　　到目前为止  23.　　　　　　　　　　　　　巨大的成功  24.　　　　　　　　　　　　　把……翻译成 25.　　　　　　　　　　　　　每次,依次  26.　　　　　　　　　　　　　另一方面  27.　　　　　　　　　　　　等等  28.　　　　　　　　　　　　　不能做某事  答案： 1.do with 2.be tied to the ground 3.return sb sth /return sth to sb 4.shout at sb 5.be tired out 6.wake up 7.the same size as… 8.look down 9.climb all over sb 10.fall over 11.continue moving 12.manage to do sth 13.a huge army of… 14.come straight towards sb 15.advise sb to do sth 16.hand in 17.crash against the rocks 18.teach oneself 19.on time 20.open up 21.refuse to do sth 22.so far 23.a great success 24.translate…into 25.at a time 26.on the other hand 27.and so on 28.be unable to do sth 课本句型清单 1、decide what to do with these books 决定如何处理这些书 【动词+ 特殊疑问词+ to do sth.】 = decide how to deal with these books 2、★Germany (n.) 德国 → German (n.) 德国人，复数：Germans 3、improve my knowledge of the past 提高我的历史知识 ★know→knowledge 【不可数名词】 4、crash against the rocks 撞在岩石上 【crash 不及物动词，后接介词】 【回顾】crash into a tree 猛撞到一棵树上 【重点】against 介词： 1 靠 例句： stand against the door 靠着门站立 2 迎着 例句： run against the strong wind 迎着大风奔跑 3 对抗 例句： play against the football team from Japan 与来自日本的 足球队打比赛 4 反对 例句： I am against his plan. 我反对他的计划。反义词：for 赞成 5 违反 例句： do something against the law 做了违反法律的事 5、I swam as fast as I could. By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out. 我尽可能向远处游。当我的脚感触到地面时，我筋疲力尽了。 ①by the time....到…时候为止; …当……的时候 ②be tired out 精疲力尽 6、fall down on the beach 摔倒在海滩上 fall over 摔倒 (尤指被…绊倒;意外地从…上跌落） 7、★stomach→复数：stomachs 8、★until 用法： until 用于肯定句或否定句，引导时间状语从句（主将从现）。 要注意的是： 如果主句中的谓语动词是短动词时，必须用否定形式； 例句：I will not leave until he comes back. （leave 是短动词）(not …until 意为“直到……才……”) I didn’t go home until I finished my homework. 【主句从句均为过去时】 如果主句中的谓语动词是长动词时，则常用肯定形式。 例句：I will wait until he comes back. （wait 是长动词） 9、be the same size as my little finger 和小手指一样大小 = be as big as my little finger 10、continue moving across my body 继续在我的身上移动 ★① continue doing sth. = continue to do sth. = go on with sth. = go on doing sth.继续做某事（同一件事） ★② go on to do sth. 继续做某事（做另一件事） 11、I did not know what to say either. 我也不知道该说什么。 12、★either 用法： （1）表示“也”，用于否定句，也 too 相对应。 Tom doesn't like football, I don't, like either. = Tom doesn't like football, neither/nor do I. Tom likes football, I like football, too. = Tom likes football, so do I. （2）表示“二者中的（任）一个”。 I have only one ticket. Either of you can go to the concert. You can see many trees on either/each side of the road. （3）either...or....表示“或者...或者...，不是...就是...”，就近原则！！！。 Either you or Lucy is wrong. 13、I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes. 我尝试想挣脱一只手，最后想方设法挣断了绳子。 1 pull one hand free 空出一只手 2 ★manage to do sth. 设法完成某事（并取得成功） 书面表达清单 本单元写作要求同学们能用所学的词语和句型简单地介绍自己的阅读习惯。介绍的内容主要为阅读书籍的类型、阅读时间、书籍的来源和阅读体会等。在具体的写作中，学生应做到以下几点： 1. 能用正确的时态描述阅读习惯； 2. 能正确使用从句等高级句式组织内容； 3. 能通过例子描述阅读体会或者感受； 【词汇积累】 1. 增长我的知识________________________________________________ 2. 为…收集信息_________________________________________________ 3. 推荐一本书__________________________________________________ 4. 寻求关于…的建议_____________________________________________ 5. 向图书管理员寻求关于书的建议________________________________ 6. 在上床睡觉之前______________________________________________ 7. 对历史书感兴趣______________________________________________ 8. 中国四大名著________________________________________________ 9. 在我家对面__________________________________________________ 10. 给某人某方面的建议__________________________________________ 11. 讨论要读什么________________________________________________ 12. 开辟一个新世界______________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.increase my knowledge 2.to collect information for... 3.recommend a book 4.ask for advice on ... 5.ask librarians for advice on books 6.before going to bed 7.be interested in history 8.the four great classical Chinese novels 9.be opposite my home 10.give sb. advice on sth. 11.discuss what to read 12.open up a new world 【句式积累】 ※ 开头句 1.我很高兴今天能和大家分享我对阅读的看法。 _________________________________________________________________ 2.阅读在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，因为我们可以通过阅读来提高自己。 ________________________________________________________________ 3.俗话说，读书之于心，犹如锻炼之于身。 ________________________________________________________________ 4.一本好的书可能会对我们的生活产生很大的影响。保持良好的阅读习惯对我们来说很重要。 ________________________________________________________________ 5.现在，阅读在学习英语中起着重要的作用。 ________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.I’m glad to share my ideas about reading with you today. 2.Reading plays an important part in our lives, for we can improve ourselves by reading. 3.As the saying goes, reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. 4.A good read may make a great difference to our life. It’s important for us to keep good reading habits. 5.As well all now, reading plays an important part in learning English. ※ 中间句 1.自从我上中学以来，我读了很多书。我通常在工作日睡前阅读半个小时。 _______________________________________________________________ 2.我过去常常从图书馆借书，但现在我喜欢在网站上读电子书。 _______________________________________________________________ 3.阅读有很多好处。通过阅读，我们可以更多地了解这个世界。 _______________________________________________________________ 4.最后但同样重要的是，阅读可以使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。 _______________________________________________________________ 5.阅读不仅能打开我们的心扉，还能使我们快乐。 _______________________________________________________________ 6.我们读得越多，我们就会越聪明。有必要使阅读成为一种习惯。 _______________________________________________________________ 7.我过去常常做一些笔记，抄下一些单词和句子。 _______________________________________________________________ 8.对我来说，关于阅读我个人喜欢的一件事是被比作另一个世界。 _______________________________________________________________ 9.这是获得知识和生活乐趣的最佳时刻。 _______________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.I’ve read many books since I entered middle school. I usually read for half an hour before going to bed on weekdays. 2. I used to borrow books from the library, but now I like reading e-books on the website. 3. Reading has many advantages. Through reading, we can learn more about the world. 4.Last but not least, reading can make our life more colorful. 5.Reading can not only open up our mind but also make us happy. 6. The more we read, the cleverer we will be. It is necessary to make reading a habit. 7.I used to take some notes and copy down some words and sentences. 8. As for me, one thing I personally love about reading is being compared to another world. 9.It’s the best moment to get knowledge and pleasure in life. ※ 结尾句 1.通过阅读，我提高了英语水平，对学习英语更感兴趣。 _______________________________________________________________ 2.我比以前自信多了。 _______________________________________________________________ 3.将来，我计划尽可能多地读一些青少年英语小说和报纸。 _______________________________________________________________ 4.同时，读书让我有机会结识成百上千的新朋友，让我的生活丰富多彩。 _______________________________________________________________ 5.通过阅读，我可以体验到以前从未见过或做过的事情。 _______________________________________________________________ 6.怀着对阅读的深深热爱，我迫不及待地想多读书。 _______________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.By reading, I have improved my English and become more interested in learning English. 2.I feel much more confident than before. 3.In the future, I plan to read some English novels and newspapers for teenagers as often as possible. 4.Meanwhile, reading gives me the chance to get to know hundreds of new people, it makes my life colorful. 5.Through reading, I can experience what I haven’t seen or done before. 6.With a deep love for reading, I can’t wait to read more. 【谚语积累】 Read and match ( ) 1.If you read ten thousand books, you will write smoothly like a God. ( ) 2.A day without books leads to nothing but desolation. ( ) 3.Learning comes first to be a man, and learning is based on reading. ( ) 4.Reading is always beneficial. ( ) 5.Study volumes to understand the past and present; Collecting books to educate offspring. A.开卷有益。 B.研卷知古今；藏书教子孙。 C.一日不书，百事荒芜。 D.读书破万卷，下笔如有神。 E.立身以力学为先，力学以读书为本。 【参考答案】 DCEAB 【万能写作模板】 My reading habits I love reading ______. It usually takes me ________ a week to enjoy ________. Among them, I like ________ best, because they are ________. I am interested in ________ too. They can not only ________ but also ________. I get most books from ________, the books there are ________. I also like to buy books ________. Sometimes I have to spend lots of time choosing good books. So I will ask ________ for advice on books. My friends and I often meet together and discuss what to read. In a word, reading is ________. We should learn to make friends with good books. It is an amazing way to ________ after a hard day’s work. Books also ________ to me. Write a report on your own reading habits. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【审题思路】 介绍自己的阅读习惯宜用一般现在时 第一部分：介绍读书的时长和种类 第二部分：介绍书的来源和相关人物（寻求建议/分享） 第三部分：书对自己的影响或者感受 【佳作欣赏】 I like reading very much. I usually spend six hours a week reading books. On weekdays, I read books in the morning or at noon. At the weekend, I read in the evening. I love science books and fantasy books. I like the Harry Potter series best. It is very interesting and the main character is amazing. I often borrow books from our school library because there are many kinds of books there and I can find books easily. I like talking with my classmates about what to read. We often give each other useful information about books. That is really helpful. Books are my good friends. Whenever I feel sad, I will get an interesting book to read. It makes me forget my sadness. I love reading. 考点1.decide的用法 decide 此处用作及物动词，意为“决定”，后跟名词，代词，动词不定式或从句等。 决定做某事decide to do sth. 【拓展】decide的名词形式是decision，做决定make a decision 考点2.do with 意为“处理；处置；对待” 常与疑问词what连用，what to do with The new teacher didn’t know what to do with students. 那位新老师不知道如何对待学生。 【拓展】do with 的同义词组是deal with，但deal with常与疑问词how连用,how to deal with 考点3.Germany Germany 用作专有名词，意为“德国” 【拓展】German 用作可数名词，意为“德国人”，复数形式为Germans，但作为“德语”不可数 考点4.in your spare time spare 此处用作形容词，意为“空闲的；多余的” In one’s spare time 意为“在某人空闲时间”，相当于in one’s free time 考点5.as...as one can/could 意为“尽某人所能”，相当于as...as possible 考点6.be tired out 意为“精疲力尽” 【拓展】be tired of 意为“对......感到厌烦，厌倦” Kitty was tired of eating seafood. 考点7.wake up 醒来 【拓展】wake up sb 把某人叫醒，若sb是人称代词，要放在wake和up中间 It’s time for breakfast. Wake up your sister. Would you mind waking me up earlier tomorrow morning？ 考点8.tie 意为“捆，绑，系”， 其现在分词为tying。tie...to...意为“把......系到......上” 我们原来只见过am,is,are,was,were加动词的ing形式，但此处were 后跟的不是ing形式，tired看上去是过 去式，但be动词后是不能跟过去式的。因此，这个tired是过去分词。“be+过去分词”这个结构是被动语态， 其含义是“被绑” 考点9.辨析over，through与across over 从物体的上方越过 Jump over the fence through 从空间内部穿过 Through the tunnel across 从物体表面一边到另一边 Across the road 考点10.until 用作连词，意为“直到......为止” 【拓展】not...until...意为“直到......才” Go straight on until you come to the white building.继续走，直到你来到那座白色的楼前。 The little girl didn’t stop to relax until she finished her work.那个小女孩直到干完活才停下来去休息。 考点11.fall over 摔倒 【拓展】 1.fall off “（从......上）摔下”（从高处） 2.fall down “摔倒，落下，倒塌”（从低处） 3.fall behind “落后” 4.fall asleep “睡着” 考点12.one of... 意为“......之一” of后接可数名词复数。“one of +复数名词”作主语时，谓 语动词用单数形式。 【拓展】 One of...后的名词前可用形容词最高级修饰，即“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”，意为“最......的......之一” 天津是中国最大的城市之一。 考点13.keep doing sth. 一直做某事 【拓展】 1. keep on doing sth. 反复做某事 2. keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 考点14.experience 1.experience 作“经历”来讲可数，作“经验”来讲不可数 王老师在教学方面有如此多的经验。 Mr Wang has so much experience in teaching. 2.experience 还可作及物动词，“体验，经历” The girl has never experienced sadness. 这个女孩从未体验过悲伤。 3.experienced 形容词 “有经验的” My father is an experienced doctor. 我父亲是一名有经验的医生。 1.疑问词+不定式（to do） 疑问词有疑问代词who, whom, what, which, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why。此外，连接词whether也适用。 “疑问词+不定式”结构有下列五种功能： ⑴当主语   When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. 何时开会还没有定下来。  Where to live is a problem.  住哪里是个问题。 ⑵当宾语   We must know what to say at a meeting.  我们必须知道在会上说些什么。  He could not tell whom to trust.  他无法分辨该信任谁。 ⑶当表语  The problem is where to find the financial aid.  问题是到哪找到财政援助。 ⑷当名词同位语  Tom had no idea which book to read first.  汤姆不知道先读哪本书。 ⑸当宾语补足语  Jim is not sure whose to choose.  吉姆不确定选择谁的。 Mary and John are not certain whether to get married or not.  玛丽和约翰不确定是否要结婚。 适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括： know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember, think, wonder, understand等。  【注意】：1）当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句，   I could not decide which dictionary to buy. = I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.  我不能决定买哪本字典。  Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.  杰克不知道到哪能找到这样一个好老师。   2）有些动词，如ask, show, tell, advise, inform, teach等，可以先有个宾语，然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词” 结构。   Have you told him where to get the application form? 你告诉他哪里领申请表了吗？ 2.must和have to的用法。 【区别】1：must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而have to多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。 I must clean the room because it is too dirty.（无人强迫） 因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。 We must be there on time.（责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。 I have to do my homework now.（不得不做） 我现在不得不做作业。 I have to leave school because my family is poor now. 因为家里穷了，我不得不退学。 【区别】2：must没有时态的变化，而have to有时态的变化。 Daming was hurt. The doctor said he had to stay in hospital for about two weeks. His father has to go to take care of him. 大明受伤了。医生说他大概得住院两周，他的父亲得去照顾他。 We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不必上学。 【区别】3：must的否定为mustn’t，多表示“禁令”。 No! You mustn’t turn left! You must turn right into The Strand. 不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到strand中。 由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to，意思是“不必”；此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！ 1）—Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock?—Yes, you must. 我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？是的，必须。 2）—Must I attend the meeting? —No, you needn’t/ don’t have to. You can ask Tom to go instead. 我必须要参加这次会议吗？不。你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）—Miss Li, can I borrow the books in the library? —Sure. But you ________ give them back on time after reading. A．can B．may C．must D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李老师，我可以借图书馆的书吗？ ——当然可以，但你必须在阅读后按时归还。 考查情态动词的用法。can能，会；may可以；must必须；would会。根据“But you ... give them back on time after reading.”可知，必须在阅读后按时归还，故选C。 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）According to the traffic rules, people ________ ride e-bikes without wearing helmets. A．mustn’t B．may not C．needn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据交通规则，人们在不戴头盔的情况下禁止骑电动车。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；may not可能不；needn’t不必；couldn’t无法，不能。根据“According to the traffic rules”可知，不戴头盔，禁止骑电动车。故选A。 3．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）You must feel very tired after two hours’ waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．don’t have to D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在十字路口等了两个小时后，你一定感到非常累了。实际上，你不必一直站着。你可以找个地方休息一下。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；can’t不能，不可能；don’t have to不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据下文“You can find a place to rest.”可知，你可以找一个地方休息，所以一直站着是不需要必须做的事情，空处需要表示“不需要”的词或者词组。故选C。 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）—Jenny, I’ve already got everything for the picnic. —Great! Do you mean I ________ bring anything when I come? A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——珍妮，我已经准备好了野餐的一切。——很好！你的意思是在我来的时候我不必带任何东西吗？ 考查情态动词。shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；can’t 不能；don’t have to不必。根据“I’ve already got everything for the picnic.”可知，此处表示野餐的一切都准备好了，对方不必带任何东西。故选D。 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）It is getting dark. He __________ go home now. A．shouldn’t B．has to C．mustn’t D．could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：天色渐渐黑了。他现在不得不回家。 考查情态动词。shouldn’t不应该；has to不得不；mustn’t一定不能；could能。根据“It is getting dark.He…go home now”可知，天黑了他不得不回家。故选B。 6．（24-25八年级上·江苏常州·期中）—Must we leave for Beijing now, Mr. Smith? —No, you ________. You still have two more hours. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——史密斯先生，我们现在必须去北京吗？——不必，你们还有两个小时。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。根据“Must we...”可知其否定回答是No, you don’t have to。故选D。 7．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—It’s time for me to go back home now. —Really? If you ________ go, take the umbrella, it’s raining outside. A．have to B．had better C．could D．can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我该回家了。——真的吗？如果你必须去，带上雨伞，外面在下雨。 考查情态动词辨析。have to不得不；had better最好；could可以，为can的过去式；can能。根据语境可知，必须要回家了，可推测此是如果你不得不去，have to表示“不得不”符合语境。故选A。 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—Could I ride an e-bike to school today, dad? —No, students of your age ______ ride e-bikes, don’t you know that? A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爸爸，今天我可以骑电动自行车上学吗？——不，你这个年龄的学生不可以骑电动自行车，你不知道吗？ 考查动词词义辨析。couldn’t不能，为一般过去时或表示委婉；needn’t不必；mustn’t表禁止；can’t不能。根据“No, students of your age”可知，此处是说这个年龄不许骑电动自行车。故选C。 9．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）The law says children under 16 ________ ride the e-bike on the road. A．must not B．can C．would not D．have to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：法律规定16岁以下的儿童禁止在路上骑电动自行车。 考查情态动词辨析。must not禁止；can能够；would not将不；have to不得不。根据“The law says children under 16 … ride the e-bike on the road”及常识可知，16岁以下的儿童禁止在路上骑电动自行车，故选A。 10．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—There is a knock at the door.      —It ________ be my father. He always comes back at this time. A．can’t B．must C．may D．may not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——有人敲门。——一定是我父亲。他总是在这个时间回来。 考查情态动词。can’t不可能；must一定；may可能；may not可能不。根据“He always comes back at this time.”可知，说话人认为敲门的人一定是父亲，故选B。 11．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Which tie do you like best, sir? —Sorry, I can’t decide ________. A．which one to buy B．to buy which one C．buy which one D．which to buy one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪条领带，先生？ ——对不起，我不能决定买哪一条。 考查疑问词+不定式结构。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处考查“疑问词+不定式”结构，排除B和C；而疑问词which在句中作定语，其后应紧跟所修饰词one，排除D。故选A。 12．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—Before the exams I often feel quite worried and I don’t know __________ for help. —Amy, your best friend. A．what to ask B．when to ask C．who to ask D．how to ask 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在考试前我经常感到很担心，我不知道该向谁求助。——艾米，你最好的朋友。 考查疑问词+不定式。what to ask问什么；when to ask什么时候问；who to ask问谁；how to ask如何问。根据“Amy, your best friend.”可知，此处是指人，用who+不定式。故选C。 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：其中一个矮个子男人开始跟我说话，但我不知道说什么。 考查疑问词加不定式的用法。when to say何时说；what to say说什么；how to say如何说；what to say it错误表达。根据“One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know...”可知，空处指我不知道“说什么”，需what to say，在句中作宾语。故选B。 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）The real fact is that many customers (顾客) just don’t know who __________ solve problems with house qualities. A．to complain to to B．to complain to C．to complain D．complained 【答案】A 【详解】句意：事实是，许多顾客根本就不知道要向谁申诉来解决房屋质量问题。 考查疑问词+to do结构及动词不定式用法。根据分析句子结构可知，需用who+to do结构。在句中作宾语，complain to sb.表示“向某人申诉”，who to complain to表示“向谁申诉”，再根据“don’t know who...solve problems with house qualities.”可知，solve problems...为目的状语，要用不定式表目的。故选A。 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）— Did Jack tell you ________ to reach the Shanghai Art Museum? — Yes. He said we would meet there at 9 a.m. A．what B．how C．where D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克告诉你什么时候到上海美术馆了吗  ——是的。他说我们上午9点在那里见面。 考查疑问词。what什么；how怎样；where在哪里；when什么时候。根据答语“He said we would meet there at 9 a.m.”可知，此处是询问杰克是否告知对方到达上海美术馆的时间，应用疑问词when。故选D。 16．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）You may know ________ to do it after you discuss it ________ your parents. A．how; about B．what; about C．how; with D．what; with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：和父母讨论之后你可能会知道如何去做。 考查特殊疑问词和介词。how如何；what什么；with和；about关于。根据“discuss it”可知，讨论后能够知道如何去做，第一空意为“如何，怎样”；根据“discuss it...your parents”可知，是和父母讨论，第二空意为“和……”。故选C。 17．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）—The tools are ready and I have washed the fruit. But I have no idea ________ to do next. —Cut the apples into pieces, please. A．how B．which C．why D．what 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——工具准备好了，水果也洗好了。但是我不知道下一步该做什么。——请把苹果切成片。 考查宾语从句的疑问词。how如何；which哪个；why为什么；what什么。根据“But I have no idea…to do next.”可知，此处说的是不知道做什么，应该用what引导。故选D。 18．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—May Day holiday is coming. Which city are you going to visit? —Oh, I haven’t decided ________. A．where to go B．how to visit it C．what to read D．who to ask 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——五一假期就要到了。你打算去哪个城市？——哦，我还没决定去哪里。 考查疑问词+动词不定式结构。where to go去哪里；how to visit it如何游览它；what to read读什么；who to ask询问谁。根据“Which city are you going to visit?”及“Oh, I haven’t decided…”可知，此处指的是没有决定去哪里，特殊疑问词应用where。故选A。 19．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期中）—Can you tell me ________ to join the DIY Club? —Scan the QR code (扫二维码) and then fill in the form of personal information on your phone. A．when B．what C．why D．how 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样加入DIY俱乐部吗？  ——扫描二维码，在手机上填写个人信息表格。 考查特殊疑问词。when什么时候；what什么；why为什么；how怎样。结合答句“Scan the QR code and then…扫描二维码然后……”可知，问句应在询问对方该怎么作，是对“方式”提问，应用how表示“怎么样，如何”。故选D。 20．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—I often hear them ________ their travel plan these days. —Oh, they can’t decide which city ________. A．to discuss; to start B．discuss; to start with C．to discuss; start D．discuss; start with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这些天我经常听到他们讨论他们的旅行计划。——哦，他们不能决定从哪个城市开始。 考查非谓语动词，“疑问词+动词不定式”结构和动词短语。start开始；start with从……开始。根据第一空前的often可知，此处表示经常听到某人做某事，应用短语hear sb. do sth.，所以第一空应填discuss；分析“they can’t decide which city”和选项可知，此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，此句意为“他们不能决定从哪个城市开始”，短语start with符合语境，所以第二空应填to start with。故选B。 二、单词拼写 21．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）It’s amazing that each camel has two (stomach), so they can live in the desert for a long time. 【答案】stomachs 【详解】句意：令人惊奇的是每个骆驼都有两个胃，因此它们可以在沙漠中生存很长一段时间。stomach表示“胃”，可数名词。根据空前的数词“two”可知，此处需要用“stomach”的复数形式。故填stomachs。 22．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）Boys, eating too many potatoes is not good for your health. It will hurt your (胃). 【答案】stomachs 【详解】句意：男孩们，吃太多的土豆对你们的健康不好。这会伤害你们的胃。根据 “boys男孩们”可知，名词 “胃stomach”应该使用复数，即“stomachs”。故填stomachs。 23．（22-23八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）Research shows that successful learners have some good (习惯) in common. 【答案】habits 【详解】句意：研究表明成功的学习者有一些共同的好习惯。根据汉语提示可知本题考查habit“习惯”，可数名词，由some可知此处应填其复数形式，故填habits。 24．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）All the British publishing houses (拒绝) to publish Harry Potter series then. 【答案】refused 【详解】句意：当时所有的英国出版社都拒绝出版《哈利·波特》系列小说。refuse“拒绝”，动词；根据“then”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填refused。 25．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）When I entered the room, I saw the lonely boy sitting the wall. (倚靠) 【答案】against 【详解】句意：当我走进房间时，我看见那个孤独的男孩靠墙坐着。倚靠“against”，介词，sit against “靠……坐着”，故填against。 26．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）I felt a bit nervous when I sat the manager during the job interview. (在…… 对面) 【答案】opposite 【详解】句意：面试时，当我坐在经理对面时，我感到有点紧张。“在……对面”opposite，介词。故填opposite。 27．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Please stay with us. We have a (多余的) room for you. 【答案】spare 【详解】句意：请和我们一起住。我们有空房间给你。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填spare“多余的”，形容词作定语修饰名词room。故填spare。 28．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）It is pleasant to hear the rain beat the windows. (碰，撞) 【答案】against 【详解】句意：听到雨点撞在窗户上是令人愉快的。碰，撞：against，介词，beat against意为“撞击”，固定词组 。故填against。 29．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Have you the books to the library? —Of course. (归还) 【答案】returned 【详解】句意：——你把书归还给图书馆了吗？——当然了。根据汉语提示可知此处应用动词“return”，根据“Have…”可知句子为现在完成时，动词需变为过去分词“returned”。故填returned。 30．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）The international meeting has been (结束) for a couple of days. 【答案】over 【详解】句意：国际会议已经结束好几天了。根据汉语提示，应填over；be over“结束”，固定短语。故填over。 31．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）A bad eating (习惯) may cause serious health problems, especially for kids. 【答案】habit 【详解】句意：不良的饮食习惯可能会导致严重的健康问题，尤其是对孩子来说。habit“习惯”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填habit。 32．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）I hear he has two (Canada) pen friends. 【答案】Canadian 【详解】句意：我听说他有两个加拿大笔友。空后的pen friends是名词，此处应用Canada的形容词形式Canadian“加拿大的”，作定语修饰该名词。故填Canadian。 33．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Betty is so young that she is (able) to go to school alone. 【答案】unable 【详解】句意：贝蒂太小了，她不能一个人去上学。able“能够”，是形容词，根据“Betty is so young”可知，她太小了，因此不能独自去上学，unable“不能”，作为系动词is的表语，用形容词，故填unable。 34．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Max sat on the bed, (tie) the laces (鞋带) of his running shoes. 【答案】tying 【详解】句意：马克斯坐在床上，系着他跑鞋的鞋带。tie“系”，是动词，主语Max与tie之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词作状语，故填tying。 35．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）—Why not ask your father for some (advise)? —OK. He knows much about it. 【答案】advice 【详解】句意：——你为什么不向你父亲征求一些建议呢？——好的。他知道的很多。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；advise的名词形式advice，意为“建议”，不可数名词。故填advice。 36．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）China (refuse) to work together with them if the USA doesn’t treat us equally and fairly. 【答案】will refuse 【详解】句意：如果美国不公平公正地对待我们，中国将拒绝与他们合作。根据“if the USA doesn’t treat us equally and fairly”可知句子遵循条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则，主句采用一般将来时，其谓语结构为：will+动词原形。故填will refuse。 37．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Are you sure that there is no (hide) meanings in the letter ? 【答案】hidden 【详解】句意：你确定这封信里没有隐藏的意思吗？hide为动词，意为“隐藏”，其形容词为hidden，表示“隐藏的”，在句中作定语修饰名词meaning，故填hidden。 38．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）We all know that J. K. Rowling is the (write) of Harry Potter. 【答案】writer 【详解】句意：我们都知道J. K .罗琳是《哈利·波特》的作者。根据“We all know that J. K. Rowling is the…of Harry Potter.”可知，此处指的是作者，writer意为“作者”名词作表语。故填writer。 39．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）To improve our English, we’re often advised (read) English aloud in the morning every day. 【答案】to read 【详解】句意：为了提高我们的英语，我们经常被建议每天早上大声朗读英语。根据短语be advised to do sth.“被建议做某事”和提示词可知，空格处应填动词不定式to read。故填to read。 40．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）He is so careless that he often forgets when (hand) in his report. 【答案】to hand 【详解】句意：他太粗心了，经常忘记什么时候交报告。根据“he often forgets when...in his report”可知，此处应填写“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，所以设空处填写动词hand的不定式形式。故填to hand。 三、阅读理解 （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）I hoped to be set free one day so I was nice to the local people. Gradually (逐渐地) they lost their fear of me. Sometimes the children even played hide and seek in my hair. One day, the king invited me to attend an important show. A thin rope was tied between two poles (柱子) very high above the ground. The people who wanted the best jobs had to dance on this rope. Each dancer tried to jump higher than the others. I had never seen such a dangerous sport. Although many dancers may fall and be hurt or killed, the king thought the most important job should be given to the bravest and skilled dancer. What a strange way! Then when the king watched, I tied each corner of my handkerchief (手帕) to a strong stick. I pushed the four sticks into the ground. My handkerchief was now under the rope but above the ground. “Your majesty,” I said, “any dancer who falls will now land on my handkerchief and not get hurt.” “You are a wise big one”, said the king. I gently put them on my hand and held it beside the rope so they had a good view of the dancers. One very skilled performer turned several cart wheels (车轮) on the road. Later that king made this man one of his chief advisers. One day, I said again, “Your majesty, please set me free.” This time he answered, “I will set you free, if you make six promises (承诺): ·You must help my country in the coming war. ·Before you visit the capital, you must give two hours warning. And my people can get out of the streets. ·You mustn’t knock or step on my people or their animals. ·You must carry important messages for me quickly to anywhere in Lilliput. ·You must help my workers carry heavy objects (物品). ·You must not leave the kingdom without my permission (允许). “I promise!” I told the king. “Then you may have your freedom. You can travel all over Lilliput and I am sure you will find it the most beautiful one you have ever seen.” he said. 41．How can a person become the king’s officer? A．By jumping on the rope. B．By taking an exam. C．By playing hide and seek. D．By pushing four sticks into the ground. 42．What touched the king at last? A．Gulliver’s dance. B．Gulliver’s big body. C．Gulliver’s army. D．Gulliver’s kindness. 43．Which of the following is one of the conditions to set Gulliver free? A．To fight against Lilliput. B．To step on people’s animals. C．To carry heavy objects for the king. D．To give one hour warning before visiting the capital. 44．What may Gulliver do next? A．He would travel around Lilliput. B．He would run away from Lilliput. C．He would build a boat for sailing. D．He would have a good sleep in the field of rice. 【答案】41．A 42．D 43．C 44．A 【导语】本文改编自《格列佛游记》，主要讲述了格列佛通过巧妙地利用自己的手帕救了在高空绳索上跳舞的表演者，获得了国王的赏识。国王最终提出只要他答应六个条件，就会给他自由。他答应了国王的条件，最终获得了在王国自由行走的机会。 41．细节理解题。根据文中“The people who wanted the best jobs had to dance on this rope. Each dancer tried to jump higher than the others.”可知，一个人要想成为国王的官员必须在绳子上跳舞，每个舞者都试图跳得比别人高。故选A。 42．推理判断题。根据文中“‘Your majesty,’ I said, ‘any dancer who falls will now land on my handkerchief and not get hurt.’ ”以及“I gently put them on my hand and held it beside the rope so they had a good view of the dancers.”可知，国王被格列佛的友好和善良触动了。故选D。 43．细节理解题。根据文中“You must help my workers carry heavy objects”可知，为国王搬运重物是释放格列佛的条件之一。故选C。 44．推理判断题。根据文中“Then you may have your freedom. You can travel all over Lilliput and I am sure you will find it the most beautiful one you have ever seen.”可知，格列佛接下来会周游利力浦特。故选A。 四、完形填空 （22-23八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Cactus and Rose There were many plants in a forest. When spring came, a pine tree (松树) saw a red rose nearby and said, “What a beautiful flower! I wish I were that lovely.” The rose 45 said, “It seems that I am the most beautiful flower in this forest.” Then the rose looked at a cactus and said, “Look at that ugly plant full of thorns!” “What a proud flower!” thought the tree. As the days passed, the red rose often looked at the cactus and said 46 words about it, like “This plant is useless. How 47 I am to be his neighbour!” The cactus never got angry and said, “God did not create (创造) any form of life without a 48 .” Time passed, and the weather became very hot. 49 there was no rain, the red rose began to wilt (枯萎). One day the rose saw birds put their beaks (鸟嘴) 50 the cactus and then fly away. The red rose asked the pine tree what the birds were doing. The pine tree 51 that the birds were getting some water from the cactus. “Did the cactus have it?” asked the rose. “Yes, you can also drink some from it.” The red rose felt so 52 that it didn’t want to ask for water from the cactus. But finally it did ask for help. And the cactus 53 . The rose learned a lesson and never judged anyone by their 54 again. From then on,the rose got on well with other plants. 45．A．luckily B．suddenly C．excitedly D．proudly 46．A．bad B．wonderful C．interesting D．boring 47．A．friendly B．comfortable C．unlucky D．afraid 48．A．purpose B．background C．chance D．discussion 49．A．As B．If C．Until D．Before 50．A．onto B．into C．from D．over 51．A．excused B．expressed C．expected D．explained 52．A．sorry B．proper C．amazing D．confident 53．A．refused B．agreed C．complained D．accepted 54．A．smell B．thorns C．appearance D．personality 【答案】 45．D 46．A 47．C 48．A 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．B 54．C 【导语】本文通过讲述了红玫瑰和仙人掌之间的故事。这个故事教育我们：不能以貌取人，要善待他人。 45．句意：玫瑰骄傲地说：“看来我是这片森林里最美丽的花。” luckily幸运地；suddenly突然；excitedly兴奋地；proudly骄傲地。根据下文“What a proud flower!”可知，玫瑰骄傲地说着。故选D。 46．句意：随着时间的推移，红玫瑰经常看着仙人掌说一些不好的话，比如“这种植物没用。我怎么会成为他的邻居！” bad不好的；wonderful精彩的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的。根据“This plant is useless.”可知，这些话听起来不好听。故选A。 47．句意：我做他的邻居真倒霉！ friendly友好的；comfortable舒服的；unlucky不幸的；afraid害怕的。根据“This plant is useless.”可知，玫瑰看不起仙人掌，所以觉得做他的邻居很倒霉。故选C。 48．句意：上帝创造任何形式的生命都是有目的的。 purpose目的；background前景；chance机会；discussion讨论。根据“God did not create (创造) any form of life”可知，上帝创造生命都是有目的的。故选A。 49．句意：由于没有下雨，红玫瑰开始枯萎。 As由于；If如果；Until直到；Before在……之前。根据“the red rose began to wilt”可知，玫瑰开始枯萎，可知是由于没有下雨。故选A。 50．句意：一天，玫瑰看到鸟儿把喙伸进仙人掌里，然后飞走了。 onto到……之上；into到……里；from来自；over在……上面。根据“the birds were getting some water from the cactus”可知，鸟儿从仙人掌那里吸吮水分，因此是把喙伸进仙人掌肉里。故选B。 51．句意：松树解释说，这些鸟是从仙人掌里取水的。 excused原谅；expressed表达；expected期待；explained解释。根据“the birds were getting some water from the cactus”可知，松树是在跟玫瑰解释说明鸟儿从仙人掌那里吸吮水分这一事实。故选D。 52．句意：红玫瑰感觉很过意不去，不想向仙人掌要水。 sorry抱歉，过意不去；proper适当的；amazing令人惊奇的；confident自信的。根据上文“Yes, you can also drink some from it.”可知，松树提醒玫瑰也可以向仙人掌要水，但红玫瑰觉得自己不好意思，不想去向仙人掌要水。故选A。 53．句意：并且仙人掌也同意了。 refused拒绝；agreed同意；complained抱怨；accepted接受。根据“But finally it did ask for help. And the cactus…”可知，玫瑰向仙人掌求助，仙人掌同意帮助玫瑰。故选B。 54．句意：玫瑰吸取了教训，再也不以外表来评判任何人了。 smell嗅觉；thorns荆棘；appearance外貌；personality个性。根据“never judged anyone by their…”可知，不能以貌取人。故选C。 五、短文填空 （23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Once upon a time, there were two high mountains, Taihang Mountain and Wangwu Mountain. B 55 the two mountains blocked (阻碍) the way, the villagers had to walk a long way around the mountains whenever they had something to do on the other side of the mountains. Just to the n 56 part of the mountain s lived an old man called Yu Gong. He has lived there s 57 he was a little child. One day, he called all his family together and said: “The two mountains are too much in the way. Let’s move them away.” Everyone agreed to have a try, e 58 his wife. She said: “Are you crazy? An old man like you cannot even move a small hill, not to mention the two high mountains.” However, Yu Gong wouldn’t accept his wife’s a 59 and started to lead his children to dig the mountains. A man named Zhi Sou laughed at them and said: “You are so silly! You’re so old and weak. How can you move the high mountains?” “How do you know it is i 60 ?” Yu Gong said. “My sons can c 61 my work after my death. When my sons die, my grandchildren will keep doing it. So generations after generations, there’s no end. But the mountains can’t grow higher. Do you still think I am u 62 to move them away?” Several days later, the Heaven God h 63 of Yu Gong’s story. It greatly t 64 the Heaven God, so he asked another god to take the two high mountain s away. The story tells us that as long as one is determined (有决心的) and sticks (坚持) to it long enough, anything can be done, no matter how difficult it is. 【答案】 55．(B)ecause 56．(n)orthern 57．(s)ince 58．(e)xcept 59．(a)dvice 60．(i)mpossible 61．(c)ontinue 62．(u)nable 63．(h)eard 64．(t)ouched 【导语】本文主要讲了愚公移山的故事。 55．句意：因为两座大山挡住了去路，村民们每次到山那边去有事，都得绕山走很长一段路。根据空后两句关系可知，空处表原因，故填(B)ecause。 56．句意：就在这时，山上北部住着一位名叫愚公的老人。根据首字母提示及“Just to the n... part of the mountain”可知，空处指山上的“北部”，此处修饰名词用形容词northern，故填(n)orthern。 57．句意：自从他还是一个小孩时，他就住在那里。根据空前后关系及“has lived”可知，需since来引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故填(s)ince。 58．句意：每个人都同意尝试一下，除了他的妻子。根据下文“She said: ‘Are you crazy? An old man like you cannot even move a small hill, not to mention the two high mountains.’ ”可知，可知，他的妻子认为他根本移不走两座大山，故他的妻子不支持，故空处指“除了”，其英文为except，是介词，故填(e)xcept。 59．句意：然而愚公不肯接受妻子的建议，开始带着孩子们去挖山。根据上文“An old man like you cannot even move a small hill, not to mention the two high mountains.”以及“started to lead his children to dig the mountains. ”可知，他的妻子认为他根本移不走两座大山，但愚公带着孩子们去挖山。说明他没有接受妻子的建议。advice“建议”为不可数名词。故填(a)dvice。 60．句意：“你怎么知道它是不可能的？”愚公说。根据“A man named Zhi Sou laughed at them and said: ‘You are so silly! You’re so old and weak. How can you move the high mountains?’ ”可知，智叟嘲笑他不可能移走山，故愚公会反问道：你怎么知道它是不可能的。故空处指“不可能的”，其英文为impossible，为形容词。故填(i)mpossible。 61．句意：我死后，我的儿子们可以继续我的工作。根据“...my work after my death.”可知，空处指愚公死后，他的儿子们可以继续干。continue“继续”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填(c)ontinue。 62．句意：你还认为我不能把他们搬走吗？根据“...generations after generations, there’s no end. But the mountains can’t grow higher.”可知，愚公相信靠他们一代代的努力，总有一天可以将山移走。故空处指“不能的”。be unable to do sth.是固定短语，表示“不能做某事”。故填(u)nable。 63．句意：几天后，天帝听说了愚公的故事。根据“...of Yu Gong’s story.”可知，空处指“听说”，hear of表示“听说”，为固定短语。因是讲述之前的事，故时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。故填(h)eard。 64．句意：天帝大为感动，便请别的神仙将这两座高山移走。根据“so he asked another god to take the two high mountain s away.”可知，天帝让别的神仙将两座山移走，说明是被愚公的精神所感动，故空处指“感动”，其英文为touch，因是讲述之前的事，故时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。故填(t)ouched。 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式或时态填空，使短文通顺。 It’s a hot summer day. An an t is very thirsty and she is searching for some water. After walking around for some time, she finds a river without 65 (pollute). She comes near the river, then she climbs up on a small rock to drink water. It’s likely to be 66 (success). Suddenly she falls into the river. Two doves 67 (sit) on a branch of the tree for the whole morning. They see the ant falling into the river. They find the ant is 68 (able) to swim and make up their minds 69 (help) her. They quickly pick leaves and drop one of them into the water near the ant. The ant moves to the leaf and climbs up onto it. The leaf takes the ant to the dry ground. They save the ant 70 (wise). Later in the afternoon, a bird catcher nearby wants to throw a net over two doves. The ant sees him and knows he 71 (catch) the doves. However, the two doves 72 (rest) in the tree and have no idea about the bird catcher. She hasn’t forgotten that the doves 73 (save) her in the morning, so when the bird catcher 74 (throw) the net, the ant quickly bites his foot. Feeling the pain, the bird catcher shouts at once. The doves hear it and quickly fly away. So remember: If you do good, good will come to you sometime in the future. 【答案】 65．pollution 66．successful 67．have sat 68．unable 69．to help 70．wisely 71．will catch/is going to catch 72．are resting 73．saved 74．throws 【导语】本文通过鸽子和蚂蚁相互帮助的故事，倡导助人为乐是一种美德。 65．句意：走了一段时间后，她发现了一条没有污染的河。介词without后加名词pollution“污染”。故填pollution。 66．句意：它很可能会成功。作be动词的表语用形容词successful“成功的”。故填successful。 67．句意：两只鸽子在树枝上坐了一上午。根据“for the whole morning”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have sat。 68．句意：他们发现这名女子不会游泳，于是下定决心帮助她。根据“They quickly pick leaves and drop one of them into the water near the ant. The ant moves to the leaf and climbs up onto it”可知蚂蚁不会游泳，unable“不能的”。故填unable。 69．句意：他们发现这名女子不会游泳，于是下定决心帮助她。make up one’s mind to do sth.“下定决心做某事”。故填to help。 70．句意：他们明智地救了蚂蚁。此处修饰动词用副词wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。 71．句意：蚂蚁看到了他，知道他会抓住鸽子。根据“knows he...the doves”可知是知道他要抓鸽子，故从句用一般将来时will do/be going to do，主语是he，be动词用is。故填will catch/is going to catch。 72．句意：然而，两只鸽子正在树上休息，对捕鸟者一无所知。根据“in the tree and have no idea about the bird catcher”可知他们正在树上休息，用现在进行时，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are resting。 73．句意：她没有忘记鸽子在早上救了她，所以当捕鸟者扔网时，蚂蚁很快就咬了他的脚。“鸽子救她”发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式saved“拯救”。故填saved。 74．句意：她没有忘记鸽子在早上救了她，所以当捕鸟者扔网时，蚂蚁很快就咬了他的脚。根据“the ant quickly bites his foot”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是名词单数，谓语动词用单三。故填throws。 六、任务型阅读 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读与回答问题 One day, a baby snail found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He was confused, so he went up to his mother and asked, “Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?” His mother said, “Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.” The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar has no bones, either, and she can’t move quickly. Why can she live without a shell?” The mother snail answered, “That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly. She can fly high into the sky. The sky can protect her. The baby snail had one more question, “But the earthworm moves like us. He has no bones and he won’t turn into a butterfly. Why doesn’t he carry a hard and heavy shell?” His mother said, “He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.” The baby snail then cried, “We are so poor! We have no protection from the sky or from the ground!” His mother smiled at him, “That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine that if we don’t have the shells, what will happen to us? Hot sun will dry out our bodies and we’ll have nowhere to sleep. What’s more, we’ll die in the heavy rain. How terrible it is! We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 75．Why were snails born with shells? 76．How did the baby snail like his shell? 77．What will the caterpillar become when she grows up? 78．Where can an earthworm hide? 79．What does the story want to tell us? 【答案】75．Because they need shells to protect themselves. 76．Hard and heavy. 77．She will become a butterfly. 78．He will hide in the ground. 79．We need to depend on ourselves. 【导语】本文讲述的是小蜗牛对自己出生起就背着又大又重的壳而感到困惑，并分别和毛毛虫、蚯蚓比较，向妈妈提出疑问．妈妈向小蚯蚓解释了不同于毛毛虫和蚯蚓的原因以及这个壳的重要性。 75．根据“Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.”可知，蜗牛天生带着壳是因为它们需要壳去保护自己。故填Because they need shells to protect themselves. 76．根据“Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?”可知，小蜗牛觉得它的壳又硬又重。故填Hard and heavy. 77．根据“That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly.”可知，毛毛虫长大后会变成蝴蝶。故填She will become a butterfly. 78．根据“He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.”可知，蚯蚓可以藏在地下。故填He will hide in the ground. 79．根据“We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.”可知，这个故事告诉我们，我们需要依靠自己。故填We need to depend on ourselves. 七、书面表达 80．     要想获取知识，那么我们就离不开阅读。我们应该从小就培养良好的阅读习惯，把阅读作为终身的爱好。请以Reading Is a Good Hobby为题目，写一篇英语短文。 要求:1.表达清楚，语法正确;       2. 80词左右。 【答案】Reading Is a Good Hobby With development of science and technology, new Knowledge comes every day. If you stop learning even for a day, you will be lost. Reading is a good way to help you keep in touch with the outside world.  Read widely and you’ll be rich in knowledge. Reading is also a good way to relax yourself. You can get a lot of fun in the books.  A good book is a good friend to comfort you when you are unhappy.  So long as you have a good book at hand, you'll never feel lonely.  Every valuable book will open a new world before you. 【详解】试题分析： 这是一篇话题作文，介绍培养读书的好习惯以及读书的好处。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时态，人称为第二人称、单数第三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：If you stop learning……，Reading is a good way to......，You can……，A good book is…….等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系. 点睛：本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了学习新知识的重要性，接下来介绍读书的好处：帮助与外界保持联系，丰富知识，放松自己，最后介绍好书的作用。此处用了with the development of, stop doing sth, a good way to do sth, keep in touch with, so long as, at hand等这些词组，也让文章增色不少。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第04讲 Unit 4 A good read 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 核心考点精讲精练 模块四 核心语法精讲精练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 课本词汇清单 1.French adj. 法国的→________ (法国) 2.writer n. 作家→________ (动词) 3.tie vt. 捆，绑→________ (现在分词)→________ (过去式)→________ (过去分词) 4.stomach n. 腹部；胃→________ (复数) 5.manage vt.&vi. 设法完成；管理→________ (名词) 6.success n. 成功→________ (形容词)→________ (副词) →________ (动词) 7.translate vt.&vi. 翻译→________ (名词) 8.Canadian adj. 加拿大的→________ (加拿大) 9.cook v. →　　 　　　(n.)烹饪  10.sell v. →　　　 　　 (n.)销售量(复数)  11.Canada n. →　　　 　　(adj.) 加拿大的 12.confident adj. →　　　 　　(n.) 信心 13.advise v. →　　　 　　(n.)  14.able adj. →　　　 　　(反义词) 不能的 15.hide v. →　　　 　　(adj.)隐藏的 16.library n. →　　 　　　(n.)图书管理员  17.copy n. →　　 　　　(复数)  18.Germany n. →　　　　 　(n.& adj.) 德语;德国人;德国的 →　　 　　　(复数)德国人  19.ugly adj. →　　　 　　 (比较级) →　　　 　 　(最高级)  20.experience n. →　　　 　　(adj.)有经验的  21.touch v. →　　　 　　(第三人称单数)  22.know v. →　　　 　 　(n.)知识  答案：1.France 2.write 3.tying;tied;tied 4. stomachs 5.manager 6. successful ; successfully; succeed 7.translation 8.Canada 9.cooking 10.sales 11. Canadian 12.confidence 13.advice 14. unable 15.hidden 16. librarian 17.copies 18.German; Germans 19.uglier;ugliest 20.experienced 21. touches 22. knowledge 课本短语清单 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　处理;对付  2.　　　　　　　　　　　被绑在地上  3.　　　　　　　　　　　将某物还给某人  4.　　　　　　　　　　　　朝某人大喊  5.　　　　　　　　　　　　筋疲力尽  6.　　　　　　　　　　　　醒来  7.　　　　　　　　　　　　和……尺寸一样  8.　　　　　　　　　　　　向下看  9.　　　　　　　　　　　爬过某人的全身  10.　　　　　　　 　　　　摔倒  11.　　　　　　　　　　　　继续移动  12.　　　　　　　　　　　　设法完成某事  13.　　　　　　　　　　　　　一大群……  14.　　　　　　　　　　　　朝某人径直走过来  15.　　　　　　　　　　　　建议某人做某事  16.　　　　　　　　　　　　上交;提交  17.　　　　　　　　　　　　　碰撞上岩石  18.　　　　　　　　　　　　　自学  19.　　　　　　　　　　　　　准时;按时 20.　　　　　　　　　　　　开启; 开创; 开辟  21.　　　　　　　　　　　　拒绝做某事  22.　　　　　　　　　　　　　到目前为止  23.　　　　　　　　　　　　　巨大的成功  24.　　　　　　　　　　　　　把……翻译成 25.　　　　　　　　　　　　　每次,依次  26.　　　　　　　　　　　　　另一方面  27.　　　　　　　　　　　　等等  28.　　　　　　　　　　　　　不能做某事  答案： 1.do with 2.be tied to the ground 3.return sb sth /return sth to sb 4.shout at sb 5.be tired out 6.wake up 7.the same size as… 8.look down 9.climb all over sb 10.fall over 11.continue moving 12.manage to do sth 13.a huge army of… 14.come straight towards sb 15.advise sb to do sth 16.hand in 17.crash against the rocks 18.teach oneself 19.on time 20.open up 21.refuse to do sth 22.so far 23.a great success 24.translate…into 25.at a time 26.on the other hand 27.and so on 28.be unable to do sth 课本句型清单 1、decide what to do with these books 决定如何处理这些书 【动词+ 特殊疑问词+ to do sth.】 = decide how to deal with these books 2、★Germany (n.) 德国 → German (n.) 德国人，复数：Germans 3、improve my knowledge of the past 提高我的历史知识 ★know→knowledge 【不可数名词】 4、crash against the rocks 撞在岩石上 【crash 不及物动词，后接介词】 【回顾】crash into a tree 猛撞到一棵树上 【重点】against 介词： 1 靠 例句： stand against the door 靠着门站立 2 迎着 例句： run against the strong wind 迎着大风奔跑 3 对抗 例句： play against the football team from Japan 与来自日本的 足球队打比赛 4 反对 例句： I am against his plan. 我反对他的计划。反义词：for 赞成 5 违反 例句： do something against the law 做了违反法律的事 5、I swam as fast as I could. By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out. 我尽可能向远处游。当我的脚感触到地面时，我筋疲力尽了。 ①by the time....到…时候为止; …当……的时候 ②be tired out 精疲力尽 6、fall down on the beach 摔倒在海滩上 fall over 摔倒 (尤指被…绊倒;意外地从…上跌落） 7、★stomach→复数：stomachs 8、★until 用法： until 用于肯定句或否定句，引导时间状语从句（主将从现）。 要注意的是： 如果主句中的谓语动词是短动词时，必须用否定形式； 例句：I will not leave until he comes back. （leave 是短动词）(not …until 意为“直到……才……”) I didn’t go home until I finished my homework. 【主句从句均为过去时】 如果主句中的谓语动词是长动词时，则常用肯定形式。 例句：I will wait until he comes back. （wait 是长动词） 9、be the same size as my little finger 和小手指一样大小 = be as big as my little finger 10、continue moving across my body 继续在我的身上移动 ★① continue doing sth. = continue to do sth. = go on with sth. = go on doing sth.继续做某事（同一件事） ★② go on to do sth. 继续做某事（做另一件事） 11、I did not know what to say either. 我也不知道该说什么。 12、★either 用法： （1）表示“也”，用于否定句，也 too 相对应。 Tom doesn't like football, I don't, like either. = Tom doesn't like football, neither/nor do I. Tom likes football, I like football, too. = Tom likes football, so do I. （2）表示“二者中的（任）一个”。 I have only one ticket. Either of you can go to the concert. You can see many trees on either/each side of the road. （3）either...or....表示“或者...或者...，不是...就是...”，就近原则！！！。 Either you or Lucy is wrong. 13、I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes. 我尝试想挣脱一只手，最后想方设法挣断了绳子。 1 pull one hand free 空出一只手 2 ★manage to do sth. 设法完成某事（并取得成功） 书面表达清单 本单元写作要求同学们能用所学的词语和句型简单地介绍自己的阅读习惯。介绍的内容主要为阅读书籍的类型、阅读时间、书籍的来源和阅读体会等。在具体的写作中，学生应做到以下几点： 1. 能用正确的时态描述阅读习惯； 2. 能正确使用从句等高级句式组织内容； 3. 能通过例子描述阅读体会或者感受； 【词汇积累】 1. 增长我的知识________________________________________________ 2. 为…收集信息_________________________________________________ 3. 推荐一本书__________________________________________________ 4. 寻求关于…的建议_____________________________________________ 5. 向图书管理员寻求关于书的建议________________________________ 6. 在上床睡觉之前______________________________________________ 7. 对历史书感兴趣______________________________________________ 8. 中国四大名著________________________________________________ 9. 在我家对面__________________________________________________ 10. 给某人某方面的建议__________________________________________ 11. 讨论要读什么________________________________________________ 12. 开辟一个新世界______________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.increase my knowledge 2.to collect information for... 3.recommend a book 4.ask for advice on ... 5.ask librarians for advice on books 6.before going to bed 7.be interested in history 8.the four great classical Chinese novels 9.be opposite my home 10.give sb. advice on sth. 11.discuss what to read 12.open up a new world 【句式积累】 ※ 开头句 1.我很高兴今天能和大家分享我对阅读的看法。 _________________________________________________________________ 2.阅读在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，因为我们可以通过阅读来提高自己。 ________________________________________________________________ 3.俗话说，读书之于心，犹如锻炼之于身。 ________________________________________________________________ 4.一本好的书可能会对我们的生活产生很大的影响。保持良好的阅读习惯对我们来说很重要。 ________________________________________________________________ 5.现在，阅读在学习英语中起着重要的作用。 ________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.I’m glad to share my ideas about reading with you today. 2.Reading plays an important part in our lives, for we can improve ourselves by reading. 3.As the saying goes, reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. 4.A good read may make a great difference to our life. It’s important for us to keep good reading habits. 5.As well all now, reading plays an important part in learning English. ※ 中间句 1.自从我上中学以来，我读了很多书。我通常在工作日睡前阅读半个小时。 _______________________________________________________________ 2.我过去常常从图书馆借书，但现在我喜欢在网站上读电子书。 _______________________________________________________________ 3.阅读有很多好处。通过阅读，我们可以更多地了解这个世界。 _______________________________________________________________ 4.最后但同样重要的是，阅读可以使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。 _______________________________________________________________ 5.阅读不仅能打开我们的心扉，还能使我们快乐。 _______________________________________________________________ 6.我们读得越多，我们就会越聪明。有必要使阅读成为一种习惯。 _______________________________________________________________ 7.我过去常常做一些笔记，抄下一些单词和句子。 _______________________________________________________________ 8.对我来说，关于阅读我个人喜欢的一件事是被比作另一个世界。 _______________________________________________________________ 9.这是获得知识和生活乐趣的最佳时刻。 _______________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.I’ve read many books since I entered middle school. I usually read for half an hour before going to bed on weekdays. 2. I used to borrow books from the library, but now I like reading e-books on the website. 3. Reading has many advantages. Through reading, we can learn more about the world. 4.Last but not least, reading can make our life more colorful. 5.Reading can not only open up our mind but also make us happy. 6. The more we read, the cleverer we will be. It is necessary to make reading a habit. 7.I used to take some notes and copy down some words and sentences. 8. As for me, one thing I personally love about reading is being compared to another world. 9.It’s the best moment to get knowledge and pleasure in life. ※ 结尾句 1.通过阅读，我提高了英语水平，对学习英语更感兴趣。 _______________________________________________________________ 2.我比以前自信多了。 _______________________________________________________________ 3.将来，我计划尽可能多地读一些青少年英语小说和报纸。 _______________________________________________________________ 4.同时，读书让我有机会结识成百上千的新朋友，让我的生活丰富多彩。 _______________________________________________________________ 5.通过阅读，我可以体验到以前从未见过或做过的事情。 _______________________________________________________________ 6.怀着对阅读的深深热爱，我迫不及待地想多读书。 _______________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.By reading, I have improved my English and become more interested in learning English. 2.I feel much more confident than before. 3.In the future, I plan to read some English novels and newspapers for teenagers as often as possible. 4.Meanwhile, reading gives me the chance to get to know hundreds of new people, it makes my life colorful. 5.Through reading, I can experience what I haven’t seen or done before. 6.With a deep love for reading, I can’t wait to read more. 【谚语积累】 Read and match ( ) 1.If you read ten thousand books, you will write smoothly like a God. ( ) 2.A day without books leads to nothing but desolation. ( ) 3.Learning comes first to be a man, and learning is based on reading. ( ) 4.Reading is always beneficial. ( ) 5.Study volumes to understand the past and present; Collecting books to educate offspring. A.开卷有益。 B.研卷知古今；藏书教子孙。 C.一日不书，百事荒芜。 D.读书破万卷，下笔如有神。 E.立身以力学为先，力学以读书为本。 【参考答案】 DCEAB 【万能写作模板】 My reading habits I love reading ______. It usually takes me ________ a week to enjoy ________. Among them, I like ________ best, because they are ________. I am interested in ________ too. They can not only ________ but also ________. I get most books from ________, the books there are ________. I also like to buy books ________. Sometimes I have to spend lots of time choosing good books. So I will ask ________ for advice on books. My friends and I often meet together and discuss what to read. In a word, reading is ________. We should learn to make friends with good books. It is an amazing way to ________ after a hard day’s work. Books also ________ to me. Write a report on your own reading habits. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【审题思路】 介绍自己的阅读习惯宜用一般现在时 第一部分：介绍读书的时长和种类 第二部分：介绍书的来源和相关人物（寻求建议/分享） 第三部分：书对自己的影响或者感受 【佳作欣赏】 I like reading very much. I usually spend six hours a week reading books. On weekdays, I read books in the morning or at noon. At the weekend, I read in the evening. I love science books and fantasy books. I like the Harry Potter series best. It is very interesting and the main character is amazing. I often borrow books from our school library because there are many kinds of books there and I can find books easily. I like talking with my classmates about what to read. We often give each other useful information about books. That is really helpful. Books are my good friends. Whenever I feel sad, I will get an interesting book to read. It makes me forget my sadness. I love reading. 考点1.decide的用法 decide 此处用作及物动词，意为“决定”，后跟名词，代词，动词不定式或从句等。 决定做某事decide to do sth. 【拓展】decide的名词形式是decision，做决定make a decision 考点2.do with 意为“处理；处置；对待” 常与疑问词what连用，what to do with The new teacher didn’t know what to do with students. 那位新老师不知道如何对待学生。 【拓展】do with 的同义词组是deal with，但deal with常与疑问词how连用,how to deal with 考点3.Germany Germany 用作专有名词，意为“德国” 【拓展】German 用作可数名词，意为“德国人”，复数形式为Germans，但作为“德语”不可数 考点4.in your spare time spare 此处用作形容词，意为“空闲的；多余的” In one’s spare time 意为“在某人空闲时间”，相当于in one’s free time 考点5.as...as one can/could 意为“尽某人所能”，相当于as...as possible 考点6.be tired out 意为“精疲力尽” 【拓展】be tired of 意为“对......感到厌烦，厌倦” Kitty was tired of eating seafood. 考点7.wake up 醒来 【拓展】wake up sb 把某人叫醒，若sb是人称代词，要放在wake和up中间 It’s time for breakfast. Wake up your sister. Would you mind waking me up earlier tomorrow morning？ 考点8.tie 意为“捆，绑，系”， 其现在分词为tying。tie...to...意为“把......系到......上” 我们原来只见过am,is,are,was,were加动词的ing形式，但此处were 后跟的不是ing形式，tired看上去是过 去式，但be动词后是不能跟过去式的。因此，这个tired是过去分词。“be+过去分词”这个结构是被动语态， 其含义是“被绑” 考点9.辨析over，through与across over 从物体的上方越过 Jump over the fence through 从空间内部穿过 Through the tunnel across 从物体表面一边到另一边 Across the road 考点10.until 用作连词，意为“直到......为止” 【拓展】not...until...意为“直到......才” Go straight on until you come to the white building.继续走，直到你来到那座白色的楼前。 The little girl didn’t stop to relax until she finished her work.那个小女孩直到干完活才停下来去休息。 考点11.fall over 摔倒 【拓展】 1.fall off “（从......上）摔下”（从高处） 2.fall down “摔倒，落下，倒塌”（从低处） 3.fall behind “落后” 4.fall asleep “睡着” 考点12.one of... 意为“......之一” of后接可数名词复数。“one of +复数名词”作主语时，谓 语动词用单数形式。 【拓展】 One of...后的名词前可用形容词最高级修饰，即“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”，意为“最......的......之一” 天津是中国最大的城市之一。 考点13.keep doing sth. 一直做某事 【拓展】 1. keep on doing sth. 反复做某事 2. keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 考点14.experience 1.experience 作“经历”来讲可数，作“经验”来讲不可数 王老师在教学方面有如此多的经验。 Mr Wang has so much experience in teaching. 2.experience 还可作及物动词，“体验，经历” The girl has never experienced sadness. 这个女孩从未体验过悲伤。 3.experienced 形容词 “有经验的” My father is an experienced doctor. 我父亲是一名有经验的医生。 1.疑问词+不定式（to do） 疑问词有疑问代词who, whom, what, which, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why。此外，连接词whether也适用。 “疑问词+不定式”结构有下列五种功能： ⑴当主语   When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. 何时开会还没有定下来。  Where to live is a problem.  住哪里是个问题。 ⑵当宾语   We must know what to say at a meeting.  我们必须知道在会上说些什么。  He could not tell whom to trust.  他无法分辨该信任谁。 ⑶当表语  The problem is where to find the financial aid.  问题是到哪找到财政援助。 ⑷当名词同位语  Tom had no idea which book to read first.  汤姆不知道先读哪本书。 ⑸当宾语补足语  Jim is not sure whose to choose.  吉姆不确定选择谁的。 Mary and John are not certain whether to get married or not.  玛丽和约翰不确定是否要结婚。 适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括： know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember, think, wonder, understand等。  【注意】：1）当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句，   I could not decide which dictionary to buy. = I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.  我不能决定买哪本字典。  Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.  杰克不知道到哪能找到这样一个好老师。   2）有些动词，如ask, show, tell, advise, inform, teach等，可以先有个宾语，然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词” 结构。   Have you told him where to get the application form? 你告诉他哪里领申请表了吗？ 2.must和have to的用法。 【区别】1：must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而have to多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。 I must clean the room because it is too dirty.（无人强迫） 因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。 We must be there on time.（责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。 I have to do my homework now.（不得不做） 我现在不得不做作业。 I have to leave school because my family is poor now. 因为家里穷了，我不得不退学。 【区别】2：must没有时态的变化，而have to有时态的变化。 Daming was hurt. The doctor said he had to stay in hospital for about two weeks. His father has to go to take care of him. 大明受伤了。医生说他大概得住院两周，他的父亲得去照顾他。 We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不必上学。 【区别】3：must的否定为mustn’t，多表示“禁令”。 No! You mustn’t turn left! You must turn right into The Strand. 不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到strand中。 由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to，意思是“不必”；此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！ 1）—Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock?—Yes, you must. 我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？是的，必须。 2）—Must I attend the meeting? —No, you needn’t/ don’t have to. You can ask Tom to go instead. 我必须要参加这次会议吗？不。你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）—Miss Li, can I borrow the books in the library? —Sure. But you ________ give them back on time after reading. A．can B．may C．must D．would 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）According to the traffic rules, people ________ ride e-bikes without wearing helmets. A．mustn’t B．may not C．needn’t D．couldn’t 3．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）You must feel very tired after two hours’ waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．don’t have to D．shouldn’t 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）—Jenny, I’ve already got everything for the picnic. —Great! Do you mean I ________ bring anything when I come? A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．don’t have to 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）It is getting dark. He __________ go home now. A．shouldn’t B．has to C．mustn’t D．could 6．（24-25八年级上·江苏常州·期中）—Must we leave for Beijing now, Mr. Smith? —No, you ________. You still have two more hours. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 7．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—It’s time for me to go back home now. —Really? If you ________ go, take the umbrella, it’s raining outside. A．have to B．had better C．could D．can 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—Could I ride an e-bike to school today, dad? —No, students of your age ______ ride e-bikes, don’t you know that? A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 9．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）The law says children under 16 ________ ride the e-bike on the road. A．must not B．can C．would not D．have to 10．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—There is a knock at the door.      —It ________ be my father. He always comes back at this time. A．can’t B．must C．may D．may not 11．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Which tie do you like best, sir? —Sorry, I can’t decide ________. A．which one to buy B．to buy which one C．buy which one D．which to buy one 12．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—Before the exams I often feel quite worried and I don’t know __________ for help. —Amy, your best friend. A．what to ask B．when to ask C．who to ask D．how to ask 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）The real fact is that many customers (顾客) just don’t know who __________ solve problems with house qualities. A．to complain to to B．to complain to C．to complain D．complained 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）— Did Jack tell you ________ to reach the Shanghai Art Museum? — Yes. He said we would meet there at 9 a.m. A．what B．how C．where D．when 16．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）You may know ________ to do it after you discuss it ________ your parents. A．how; about B．what; about C．how; with D．what; with 17．（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）—The tools are ready and I have washed the fruit. But I have no idea ________ to do next. —Cut the apples into pieces, please. A．how B．which C．why D．what 18．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—May Day holiday is coming. Which city are you going to visit? —Oh, I haven’t decided ________. A．where to go B．how to visit it C．what to read D．who to ask 19．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期中）—Can you tell me ________ to join the DIY Club? —Scan the QR code (扫二维码) and then fill in the form of personal information on your phone. A．when B．what C．why D．how 20．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—I often hear them ________ their travel plan these days. —Oh, they can’t decide which city ________. A．to discuss; to start B．discuss; to start with C．to discuss; start D．discuss; start with 二、单词拼写 21．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）It’s amazing that each camel has two (stomach), so they can live in the desert for a long time. 22．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）Boys, eating too many potatoes is not good for your health. It will hurt your (胃). 23．（22-23八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）Research shows that successful learners have some good (习惯) in common. 24．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）All the British publishing houses (拒绝) to publish Harry Potter series then. 25．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）When I entered the room, I saw the lonely boy sitting the wall. (倚靠) 26．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）I felt a bit nervous when I sat the manager during the job interview. (在…… 对面) 27．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Please stay with us. We have a (多余的) room for you. 28．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）It is pleasant to hear the rain beat the windows. (碰，撞) 29．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Have you the books to the library? —Of course. (归还) 30．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）The international meeting has been (结束) for a couple of days. 31．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）A bad eating (习惯) may cause serious health problems, especially for kids. 32．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）I hear he has two (Canada) pen friends. 33．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Betty is so young that she is (able) to go to school alone. 34．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Max sat on the bed, (tie) the laces (鞋带) of his running shoes. 35．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）—Why not ask your father for some (advise)? —OK. He knows much about it. 36．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）China (refuse) to work together with them if the USA doesn’t treat us equally and fairly. 37．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Are you sure that there is no (hide) meanings in the letter ? 38．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）We all know that J. K. Rowling is the (write) of Harry Potter. 39．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）To improve our English, we’re often advised (read) English aloud in the morning every day. 40．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）He is so careless that he often forgets when (hand) in his report. 三、阅读理解 （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）I hoped to be set free one day so I was nice to the local people. Gradually (逐渐地) they lost their fear of me. Sometimes the children even played hide and seek in my hair. One day, the king invited me to attend an important show. A thin rope was tied between two poles (柱子) very high above the ground. The people who wanted the best jobs had to dance on this rope. Each dancer tried to jump higher than the others. I had never seen such a dangerous sport. Although many dancers may fall and be hurt or killed, the king thought the most important job should be given to the bravest and skilled dancer. What a strange way! Then when the king watched, I tied each corner of my handkerchief (手帕) to a strong stick. I pushed the four sticks into the ground. My handkerchief was now under the rope but above the ground. “Your majesty,” I said, “any dancer who falls will now land on my handkerchief and not get hurt.” “You are a wise big one”, said the king. I gently put them on my hand and held it beside the rope so they had a good view of the dancers. One very skilled performer turned several cart wheels (车轮) on the road. Later that king made this man one of his chief advisers. One day, I said again, “Your majesty, please set me free.” This time he answered, “I will set you free, if you make six promises (承诺): ·You must help my country in the coming war. ·Before you visit the capital, you must give two hours warning. And my people can get out of the streets. ·You mustn’t knock or step on my people or their animals. ·You must carry important messages for me quickly to anywhere in Lilliput. ·You must help my workers carry heavy objects (物品). ·You must not leave the kingdom without my permission (允许). “I promise!” I told the king. “Then you may have your freedom. You can travel all over Lilliput and I am sure you will find it the most beautiful one you have ever seen.” he said. 41．How can a person become the king’s officer? A．By jumping on the rope. B．By taking an exam. C．By playing hide and seek. D．By pushing four sticks into the ground. 42．What touched the king at last? A．Gulliver’s dance. B．Gulliver’s big body. C．Gulliver’s army. D．Gulliver’s kindness. 43．Which of the following is one of the conditions to set Gulliver free? A．To fight against Lilliput. B．To step on people’s animals. C．To carry heavy objects for the king. D．To give one hour warning before visiting the capital. 44．What may Gulliver do next? A．He would travel around Lilliput. B．He would run away from Lilliput. C．He would build a boat for sailing. D．He would have a good sleep in the field of rice. 四、完形填空 （22-23八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Cactus and Rose There were many plants in a forest. When spring came, a pine tree (松树) saw a red rose nearby and said, “What a beautiful flower! I wish I were that lovely.” The rose 45 said, “It seems that I am the most beautiful flower in this forest.” Then the rose looked at a cactus and said, “Look at that ugly plant full of thorns!” “What a proud flower!” thought the tree. As the days passed, the red rose often looked at the cactus and said 46 words about it, like “This plant is useless. How 47 I am to be his neighbour!” The cactus never got angry and said, “God did not create (创造) any form of life without a 48 .” Time passed, and the weather became very hot. 49 there was no rain, the red rose began to wilt (枯萎). One day the rose saw birds put their beaks (鸟嘴) 50 the cactus and then fly away. The red rose asked the pine tree what the birds were doing. The pine tree 51 that the birds were getting some water from the cactus. “Did the cactus have it?” asked the rose. “Yes, you can also drink some from it.” The red rose felt so 52 that it didn’t want to ask for water from the cactus. But finally it did ask for help. And the cactus 53 . The rose learned a lesson and never judged anyone by their 54 again. From then on,the rose got on well with other plants. 45．A．luckily B．suddenly C．excitedly D．proudly 46．A．bad B．wonderful C．interesting D．boring 47．A．friendly B．comfortable C．unlucky D．afraid 48．A．purpose B．background C．chance D．discussion 49．A．As B．If C．Until D．Before 50．A．onto B．into C．from D．over 51．A．excused B．expressed C．expected D．explained 52．A．sorry B．proper C．amazing D．confident 53．A．refused B．agreed C．complained D．accepted 54．A．smell B．thorns C．appearance D．personality 五、短文填空 （23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Once upon a time, there were two high mountains, Taihang Mountain and Wangwu Mountain. B 55 the two mountains blocked (阻碍) the way, the villagers had to walk a long way around the mountains whenever they had something to do on the other side of the mountains. Just to the n 56 part of the mountain s lived an old man called Yu Gong. He has lived there s 57 he was a little child. One day, he called all his family together and said: “The two mountains are too much in the way. Let’s move them away.” Everyone agreed to have a try, e 58 his wife. She said: “Are you crazy? An old man like you cannot even move a small hill, not to mention the two high mountains.” However, Yu Gong wouldn’t accept his wife’s a 59 and started to lead his children to dig the mountains. A man named Zhi Sou laughed at them and said: “You are so silly! You’re so old and weak. How can you move the high mountains?” “How do you know it is i 60 ?” Yu Gong said. “My sons can c 61 my work after my death. When my sons die, my grandchildren will keep doing it. So generations after generations, there’s no end. But the mountains can’t grow higher. Do you still think I am u 62 to move them away?” Several days later, the Heaven God h 63 of Yu Gong’s story. It greatly t 64 the Heaven God, so he asked another god to take the two high mountain s away. The story tells us that as long as one is determined (有决心的) and sticks (坚持) to it long enough, anything can be done, no matter how difficult it is. （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式或时态填空，使短文通顺。 It’s a hot summer day. An an t is very thirsty and she is searching for some water. After walking around for some time, she finds a river without 65 (pollute). She comes near the river, then she climbs up on a small rock to drink water. It’s likely to be 66 (success). Suddenly she falls into the river. Two doves 67 (sit) on a branch of the tree for the whole morning. They see the ant falling into the river. They find the ant is 68 (able) to swim and make up their minds 69 (help) her. They quickly pick leaves and drop one of them into the water near the ant. The ant moves to the leaf and climbs up onto it. The leaf takes the ant to the dry ground. They save the ant 70 (wise). Later in the afternoon, a bird catcher nearby wants to throw a net over two doves. The ant sees him and knows he 71 (catch) the doves. However, the two doves 72 (rest) in the tree and have no idea about the bird catcher. She hasn’t forgotten that the doves 73 (save) her in the morning, so when the bird catcher 74 (throw) the net, the ant quickly bites his foot. Feeling the pain, the bird catcher shouts at once. The doves hear it and quickly fly away. So remember: If you do good, good will come to you sometime in the future. 六、任务型阅读 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读与回答问题 One day, a baby snail found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He was confused, so he went up to his mother and asked, “Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?” His mother said, “Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.” The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar has no bones, either, and she can’t move quickly. Why can she live without a shell?” The mother snail answered, “That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly. She can fly high into the sky. The sky can protect her. The baby snail had one more question, “But the earthworm moves like us. He has no bones and he won’t turn into a butterfly. Why doesn’t he carry a hard and heavy shell?” His mother said, “He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.” The baby snail then cried, “We are so poor! We have no protection from the sky or from the ground!” His mother smiled at him, “That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine that if we don’t have the shells, what will happen to us? Hot sun will dry out our bodies and we’ll have nowhere to sleep. What’s more, we’ll die in the heavy rain. How terrible it is! We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 75．Why were snails born with shells? 76．How did the baby snail like his shell? 77．What will the caterpillar become when she grows up? 78．Where can an earthworm hide? 79．What does the story want to tell us? 七、书面表达 80．     要想获取知识，那么我们就离不开阅读。我们应该从小就培养良好的阅读习惯，把阅读作为终身的爱好。请以Reading Is a Good Hobby为题目，写一篇英语短文。 要求:1.表达清楚，语法正确;       2. 80词左右。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$