内容正文:
动词的六大时态
一、一般现在时
在英语中,不同时间里以不同方式发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示,动词的这种不同形式称为动词的时态。
时态从时间上划分,可分为四大类:现在时;过去时;将来时;过去将来时。从行为上,每一类可以分为四种形式:一般式;进行式;完成式;完成进行式。这样英语的动词合起来,总共有十六种时态,初中只需掌握其中的八种时态。
1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时表示现在的状态、习惯性的动作或主语所具备的性格和能力等。
① 当动词是be时,第一人称用am,第二人称用is,其他人称用are.
② 当动词是实义动词时,一般用动词原形,但如果主语是第三人称单数时,动词必须用第三人称单数形式,其变化规则如下:
变化规则
例 词
一般在动词词尾加-s,
makes drives
以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加-es
guesses goes
以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i,再加-es
carries flies
助动词do(第三人称单数用does)构成否定句、疑问句及答语,但要注意助动词后原来的谓语动词要恢复原形。例如:
I like music. I don’t like music.
Do you like music? Yes, I do No, I don’t
(2)一般现在时的用法
① 表示经常、习惯性动作,常和often, usually, every day, sometimes, always等时间状语连用。如:
He goes to school by bus every day.
They often play football
② 表示能力、职业、特征。如:
Miss Gao teaches English.
Do you speak Japanese?
③ 表示客观存在。如:
The earth moves round the sun.
Time and tide wait for no man.
④ 表示已经安排好或计划好的事。如
The plane takes off at 7:30.
Classes begin at 8:00
⑤ 在时间状语和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:
If I see him, I’ll tell him to give you a call.
We’ll wait until he comes back.
注意:
a. 一般现在时的一些常见的时间状语有:always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, ever, never, every day, now and then, from time to time
b. 现在进行时有时用来代替一般现在时,表示一个经常性的重复的动作或状态。这时句中常带always, forever以表示说话人的某种感情,如赞叹、厌烦等。如:
He is always thinking of others.
He is always talking big.
二、一般过去时
(1)一般过去时表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
① 当动词为be动词时,应该用相应的过去式:
am is ---- was are ---- were
否定形式为:was not ---- wasn’t were not ---- weren’t
疑问句是将was, were 置于主语之前。
I was in Grade Three last term.
I wasn’t in Grade Two last term.
Which grade were you in?
② 当动词为实义动词时,用动词的过去式,过去式的变化有规则和不规则变化。规则变化如下:
变化规则
例词
一般情况在词尾加-ed
worked
以-e结尾的在词尾加-d
used lived
以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加-ed
studied carried
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写此辅音字母再加-ed
stopped fitted
动词过去式的不规则变化需要逐个记忆。见初三教材后的不规则动词变化形式表。
go ---- went begin ---- began sleep ---- slept run ---- ran
I heard the good news just now.
The twins didn’t go to school last week
Did you see the film yesterday ?
(2)一般过去时的用法
① 表示过去某一时间或一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的状语连用:yesterday, last week, a minute ago, in 1998, just now, in those days等。例如:
They had a baby last month.
My mother was ill yesterday.
He went out just now.
② 用于since引导的从句,主句的谓语动词如果用现在完成时,since引导的从句一般要用一般过去时。如:
He has worked in the factory since it opened in 1990.
You haven’t changed much since we last met.
注意:
a. 表示过去的时间状语常见的有:yesterday, last night(week, year, month, Sunday), then, at that time, just now, a few days(weeks, months) ago.以及由after, before, when, while引导的的表示过去的时间状语。
b. 一般过去时可以用来表示现在的时间, 这主要用于日常会话,使用的语气较为婉转客气。如:
I wanted to ask if I could borrow your bike.
三、一般将来时
(1)一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用:tomorrow, next week, next month, in a few days, from now on。如
I’m going to visit the museum this Sunday.
I’ll be there in half an hour.
We’ll arrive tomorrow.
(2)一般将来时的构成
① be going to + 动词原形。Be随主语人称和数的变化而变化,否定句在be后面加not, 疑问句是将be放到主语之后。例如:
It’s going to be fine tomorrow.
He isn’t going to speak at the meeting.
What are you going to do next?
② will +动词原形。Will可以和各种人称及数的主语连用。否定句在will后加not,缩写成won’t,疑问句需将will提至主语之前。例如:
We will have a basketball match next week.
Will you come to the party?
I son’t lend it to you.
③ shall + 动词原形。此结构常用于主语为第人称I / we的句中,疑问句表示提建议或征求意见。如:
When and where shall we meet ?
Shall I turn on the TV ?
(3) 一般将来时的基本用法。
① “be going to +动词原形”表示“意图”,即打算、计划要做某事。如:
Are you going to post the letter ?
How long is he going to stay here ?
② “be going to + 动词原形”还可以表示“预见”,即现在已有迹象表明将要发生的事。如:
There are a lot of clouds. It’s going to rain.
It’s 7:50. I’m going to be late.
③ “will + 动词原形”表示客观上要发生的事或表示“带意愿色彩的将来”。如:
He will help you if you ask him.
They will come back tomorrow.
(4)过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。其结构与一般将来时类似,只需将助动词改为过去式。
am/ is/ are going to + 动词原形→was/ were going to + 动词原形
will + 动词原形→ would + 动词原形
should + 动词原形 → should + 动词原形
例如:
You knew I would come.
He asked me when he would see me again.
Jim said he was going to see his friend the next day.
四、现在进行时与过去进行时
1、现在进行时
(1)现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生或进行的动作。它是由“be + 动词的现在分词”构成。其否定句是在be之后加not。疑问句则将be提到主语之前。
(1) 现在分词的构成
变化规则
例词
一般情况直接加-ing
do—doing help ---- helping
以不发音的e结尾的,去-e加-ing
take---taking have ---- having
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写此辅音字母再加-ing
stop ---- stopping set ---- setting
begin----beginning drop---dropping
(3)现在进行时的用法。
① 表示说话时正在进行的动作。如:
What are you doing ? Who are you waiting for ?
I’m cooking
② 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作,但说话时不一定在进行。如:
He is working in a factory. She is translating look now.
③ 表示不断重复的动作。如:
The boy is always asking some strange questions.
The children are singing and dancing.
④ 表示位置移动的动词,可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。如go, come, leave, fly, start等。如:
When are you starting ? I’m leaving tomorrow.
2、过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
过去进行时常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:this time yesterday, at that time, then, last night, at 9:00 yesterday, all night等。其构成和现在进行时类似,只需将be变为相应的过去式:was/ were + 动词-ing。如:
What were you doing this time yesterday ?
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
I was watching TV.
I was writing while my mother was cooking.
教学难点:
① 过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后,另一个过去的动作正在进行。过去进行时也可用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。如:
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
当我在花园浇水时,突然下雨了。
While we were having a party, the lights went out.
② 过去进行时还可以表示两个过去的动作同时进行,这时可用连接词while引导。如:
George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio.
③ “was going + 不定式”表示过去打算。如
He was going to be our team leader. 他原打算当我们的领队。
④ 过去进行时与一般过去的区别
过去进行时表示在过去一段时间正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。如:
I was typing letters last night.
I typed some letters last night.
(五)现在完成时
(1)现在完成时表示某个动作发生在过去,但对现在有影响(或结果),这个动作或状态可能已经结束,也可能还要持续下去。
其构成形式是: have/ has + 动词过去分词
否定句在have/ has 后加not→haven’t/ hasn’t
疑问句要将have/ has放到主语之前。
(2)现在完成时的用法。
① 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。常用的时间状语有:already, yet, ever, never, just等。如:
I have already finished the work.
Have you ever been to Beijing?
He has never seen such a nice car.
② 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。往往和表示一段时间的状语连用。如:
for + 时间段;
since + 时间点(表时间段);时间段+ago;一般过去时态。如:
I have taught in this school for ten years.
I have taught in this school since ten years ago.
③ for和since引导的短语都表示“一段时间”,所以谓语动词应该用延续性动词,不能用非延续性动词。延续性动词表示该动词可以延续一段时间,如:live, work, study, teach, stay等,非延续性动词是指该动词所表示的动作不能持续,是短暂的、瞬间完成的,如:borrow, come, arrive, get, leave, die等。
许多非延续性动词可以用意思相同或相近的延续性动词来表示:
leave ---- be away from arrive ---- be in
go ---- be away come ---- be in / at finish ---- be over
buy ---- have borrow ---- keep die ---- be dead
join ---- be in/be a member of begin ---- be on
如:He has gone He has been away for an hour
I have bought a watch I have had the watch for several days
④ have/ has been to 和 have/ has gone to
have/ has been to :曾去过
have/ has gone to :已去,去了(不在说话现场,在途中或已经到达)
My mother has been to America. 我妈妈曾经去过美国
My mother has gone to America. 我妈妈已经去了美国
(3)现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
① 一般过去时只单纯表示过去,和现在不发生联系,它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。而现在完成时表示某一完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以不能和确定的过去的时间状语连用。如:
We have visited the farm(现在对农场有所了解)
We visited the farm last week(说明上周参观农场这件事)
② 如果询问某事发生的时间、地点只能用一般过去时。如:
When did you lose your cat ?
I lost it last night. I found it in the garden.
(六)过去完成时
① 由since引导的时间状语,它们的主句通常使用完成时态。
He has taught English since 1970.
It has been a long time since I last saw you.
② 只有在It is …since…这种结构中,主句的谓语才可用一般现在时,现在完成时或一般过去时。如:
It’s ten years since I left school.
It’s a long time since I saw you last.
③ 表示短暂性的动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,这类动词有:
begin, borrow, buy, close, come, die, fall, find, finish,
join, kill, lend, leave, sell, start, stop等,如:
不能说:His father has died for three years.
只能说:His father died three years ago.
不能说:He has left home for two months.
只能说:He left home two months ago.
④ 非延续性动词的否定形式可以表示状态的延续。可与for, since时间状语连用。如:
I haven’t seen him for a long time.
I haven’t heard from him since he left.
She hasn’t left home ever since she lost her job.
⑤ have(has) been 和have (has) gone的区别。
Have been to a place意思是“到过、去过”,表示曾到过某处,但现在人不在那儿;have gone to意思是“去了”,表示已经去了某地,现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿。如:
Has she ever been to Nanjing ?
You have never been there before, have you?
I have been to Guilin, I went there last year.
总之,have been to讲的是过去的情况,强调去过或没有,着重于到目前为止的一个结果,而have gone to指现在人在不在,只用于第三人称,不用于第一、第二人称,不能用来代替have been to.
2、过去完成时
(1)过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。其结构是:had + 动词过去分词。否定、疑问句同现在完成时一样。
(2)用法
① 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。如:
The meeting had begun when we got there.
He said he had seen the film.
② 表示某一动作在过去某一时间已经开始,一直延续到过去的另一时间,常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。如:
The film had been on for tem minutes when we got there.
She said that she had made much progress since she came here.
专项练习
一、单项选择
1.—Have you finished your project?
—Not yet. I ________ on it now.
A.still work B.will still work C.was still working D.am still working
2.—Where is your mother?
—She ________ Beijing and she will come back in five days.
A.has been to B.has gone to C.goes to
3.Uncle Weiming has been an engineer ________ 2004 and Aunt Betty has worked as an architect ________ 10 years.
A.for; since B.for; for C.since; since D.since; for
4.On my way to school, Lucy's father ________ me a lift in his car.
A.give B.gave C.take D.took
5.—Have you _________ visited the Great Wall?
—No, _________.
A.already; ever B.ever; never C.never; ever D.ever; yet
6.I _____ a trip to the countryside next weekend.
A.take B.took C.am going to take
7.Last summer Vicky ______ in the mountain village for a month, teaching children art and music.
A.stay B.has stayed C.stayed D.had stayed
8.Reading good books ________very important for the students.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
9.—What’s on the desk?
—There ________ some books.
A.is B.are C.be D.will be
10.Look, the girls ________ in the gym.
A.is dancing B.are dancing C.dance
二、单词拼写
11.They have r enough money for the poor children.
12.The little boy often k his mother’s face. It makes her very happy.
13.The leaves b to fall when autumn comes every year.
14.Now the factories are p more products to meet the need of the customers.
根据下列句子及所给的首字母,在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确、完全形式(每空限填一词)。
15.—Do you want to play soccer with me?
—I'd like to, but I must do my homework f .
16.Eric likes math very much, because he thinks it's a little d but interesting.
17.Tom's mother a tells him not play computer games too much, it's bad for his eyes.
18.It took him a whole day to finish making a m plane.
19.—Thanks a lot for h me. —You're welcome.
20.My grandparents' d are my aunts.
21.A breakfast, I usually go to school by bike.
22.My father only w soccer games on TV. he doesn't play soccer.
23.My parents' room is big, but m is not. So I want to have a big room,too.
24.—How about playing basketball with us? —It s great.
25.I hope we will r a lot of money for the school’s new football field!
26.Please tell him that his English book is in the lost and f case.
27.The little kid g us when we arrived at his home.
28.If you don't work hard, you will f to pass the exam.
29.Mr. White is always c about his student; all of his students love him so much.
根据句意及所给图片提示,写出所缺单词。
30.Tom watches the everyday so that he can know what’s going on around the world.
31.Just now Jim and his friends had a about how to make model planes.
32.Kate is a TV . She needs to travel around the country to collect news.
33.I like watching shows, because performers of the shows always make me surprised.
34.—What just now, Jenny?
—A car ran into a tree.
根据图片提示补全下面句子,并把答案写在答题卡相应位置上,每空一词。
1
2
3
4
5
35.Now Laura is them English in class.
36.There are seven in Datong.
37.Mike often reads newspapers at five twelve.
38.What time does Scott usually ?
39.I can play the .
根据加点字母的发音规则和图片信息,用相应单词的正确形式完成句子。
My Special Photos
40.I had a great time having a in the park with my cousin.
41.I was because my little cat was ill and it couldn’t eat anything.
42.At the age of seven, I often rode a bike along the on fine days.
43.Last July, I started to learn and my language teacher was so kind.
44. With hard work, I finally the tennis match last term.
猜词游戏。从字母魔方中画出/找出隐藏的单词,并完成填空。
1. There are four q 45 in an hour.
2. S 46 and water are important for the humans and plants.
3. The sun r 47 in the eastern sky, producing light.
4. First, m 48 the milk and flour together and stir.
5. The doctor suggests that we should not eat too much s 49 , which is harmful to our teeth.
6. It is raining outside. T 50 , he still decides to go to the cinema.
猜词游戏。从字母魔方中画出/找出隐藏的单词,并完成填空。
1. There is a big tree i 51 the garden.
2. This watch c 52 me 300 dollars.
3. We should learn to m 53 our time wisely.
4. Parents work hard to provide their children with a good e 54 .
5. I would like to introduce my d 55 routine to you.
6. This computer is too e 56 . I can’t afford it.
猜词游戏。从字母魔方中画出/找出隐藏的单词,并完成填空。
1.The bottle is made of p 57 .
2.The sun is s 58 brightly.
3.Students have a b 59 during the class.
4.The doctor told the p 60 to drink more water.
5.Please make the d 61 as soon as possible.
6.My parents and friends give me lots of s 62 .
根据图片写出相应英语动词短语的过去式
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
根据提示完成纵横字谜游戏。
69.Good friends always their things and secrets (秘密).
70. —it tells you how to make food step by step.
71.I want a of paper.
72. — it’s a great day. You were born that day.
73.Your father gave a present but he didn’t tell you. It was a great .
根据加点字母的发音规则和图片信息,用相应单词的正确形式完成句子。
74.
Look! William and Jones a car with a woman.
75.
Students wear yellow for the festival on Wednesday.
76.
The old man walks slowly on the road on a morning.
77.
Kim has got two tickets and he goes to the with his cousin.
78.
girls learn to sing in the music room every Thursday evening.
据图片提示,完成下列句子。 (每空限填一词,缩写算一词)
79.
Look! Shelly and Jimmy the classroom.
80.
—Hello, sir. I am afraid you here.
—Oh, sorry!
81.
—Cathy, what does your sister look like?
—She .
82.
Robert with his father in the countryside last weekend.
83.
— do you practice the piano every day, Bob?
—About half an hour.
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
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参考答案:
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
D
B
D
B
B
C
C
A
B
B
1.D
【详解】句意:——你的项目完成了吗?——还没有。我现在还在做着呢。
考查动词时态。根据“Not yet. I …on it now.”可知,还没有做完,目前正在做,使用现在进行时,结构为be doing,副词位于be动词之后。故选D。
2.B
【详解】句意:——你的妈妈在哪里?——她去北京了,五天后回来。
考查现在完成时。has been to曾经去过;has gone to已经去了;goes to去。根据“and she will come back in five days”可知,她应该已经去了北京或在去北京的路上。故选B。
3.D
【详解】句意:自2004年以来,韦明叔叔一直是一名工程师,贝蒂阿姨做了10年的建筑师。
考查介词辨析。for为了;since自从。根据“2004”为时间点可知,第一空应用since;根据“10 years”为时间段可知,第二空用for。故选D。
4.B
【详解】句意:在我上学的路上,露西的父亲开车捎我一程。
考查时态和动词辨析。give给,动词原形;gave是“give”的过去式;take带走;took是“take”的过去式。固定短语give…a lift意为“捎……一程”,排除C和D;且主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语不能用动词原形,故选B。
5.B
【详解】句意:——你曾经参观过长城吗?——没有,从来没有。
考查副词辨析。ever曾经,用于否定句和疑问句中,放句中;already早已,已经,用于肯定句中;never从不;yet仍,还,用于否定句中,用于句末。因为上句为疑问句,故可排除A。又因为第二个空前为“No”,可推测空后要表达从没去过,即用never。故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:下个周末我将会去乡下游玩。
考查一般将来时。A. take表一般现在时;B. took表一般过去时;C. am going to take表一般将来时。根据句中next weekend提示,句子应用一般将来时,故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:去年夏天,维姬在山村里待了一个月,教孩子们美术和音乐。
本题考查时态。stay是动词原形;has stayed是现在完成时,stayed是一般过去时,had stayed是过去完成时。根据last summer此处用一般过去时,故选C。
8.A
【详解】句意:读好书对学生来说很重要。
考查非谓语动词。本句陈述事实,故为一般现在时,动名词Reading作主语,谓语动词用其单数形式,故用is。故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:——桌子上有什么?——有一些书。
考查There be句型。本句是There be句型,时态是一般现在时,books为名词复数,故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:看,女孩们在体育馆跳舞。
考查时态和主谓一致。根据“Look”可知用现在进行时,其结构为am/is/are doing,主语“the girls”是复数,be动词用are。故选B。
11.(r)aised
【详解】句意:他们为贫困的孩子筹集了足够的钱。根据“enough money for the poor children.”及首字母可知,这里是筹集了足够的钱,raise意为“筹款”;这里是现在完成时,需用过去分词。故填(r)aised。
12.(k)isses
【详解】句意:这个小男孩经常亲吻他妈妈的脸。这使她非常高兴。根据“his mother’s face”和首字母可知此处是指轻吻脸颊。kiss“亲吻”,动词。根据often可知句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式。故填(k)isses。
13.(b)egin
【详解】句意:每年秋天一到,树叶就开始飘落。根据“The leaves b...to fall when autumn comes every year.”可知,秋天到,树叶开始飘落,begin“开始”符合语境,时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,动词用原形。故填(b)egin。
14.(p)roducing
【详解】句意:现在工厂正在生产更多的产品以满足客户的需求。根据“more products”可知是更多的产品,结合首字母可知,应用produce表示“生产”,are后应用现在分词。故填(p)roducing。
15.first 16.difficult 17.always 18.model 19.helping 20.daughters 21.After 22.watches 23.mine 24.sounds
【解析】15.句意:——你想和我一起踢足球吗?——我想去,但是我必须先做我的家庭作业。
根据句意和首字母可知,想去踢足球,但是要先做完作业,这里考查first,意为“首先,第一”。故答案为first。
16.句意:Eric非常喜欢数学,因为他认为数学有一点难,但是非常有趣。
根据句子结构可知,该空与后面的interesting用but连接,这里应填一个形容词,且意思与interesting相反。结合给出的首字母可知,这里考查的是difficult,意为“困难的”。故答案为difficult。
17.句意:Tom的妈妈总是告诉他不要过多地玩电脑游戏,那对他的眼睛不好。
根据句意和首字母可知,这里考查always,意为“总是,一直”,是一个频度副词,修饰谓语动词tells,放在实意动词的前面,常与一般现在时搭配使用。故答案为always。
18.句意:制作完一个模型飞机花费了他一整天的时间。
根据句意…plane和首字母可知,这里说的是“模型飞机”,考查model,意为“模型”,是一个名词,作定语,修饰plane。故答案为model。
19.句意:——非常感谢你帮助我。——不客气。
根据句意和单词的首字母可知,这里应表示感谢对方的帮助,考查help,是一个动词。句中使用了短语Thanks for…,后面跟名词或者动名词形式。故答案为helping。
20.句意:我爷爷奶奶的女儿是我的姑姑。
根据句意和首字母可知,这里考查daughter,意为“女儿”,是一个名词。句中aunts使用了复数形式,因此对于这里的daughter也应用复数形式。故答案为daughters。
21.句意:早饭后,我通常骑自行车去上学。
根据句意和单词的首字母可知,这里考查after,意为“在……之后”,是一个介词。故答案为After。
22.句意:我的爸爸只是在电视上看足球比赛,他不踢足球。
根据句意…on TV可知,这里表示“观看足球比赛”,考查动词watch。该句陈述客观事实,应使用一般现在时态;主语My father是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用三单形式。故答案为watches。
23.句意:我父母的房间很大,但是我的不大。所以我想要一个大的房间。
根据句意“I want to have a big room, too”可知,这里说“我的房间不大”,空格处在句中作主语,因此这里应用名词性物主代词mine,代指my room。故答案为miine。
24.句意:——和我们一起打篮球怎么样?——听起来很棒。
根据句意和单词的首字母可知,这里考查sound,意为“听起来”,是一个系动词。主语It是第三人称单数形式,谓语动词用单数。故答案为sounds。
25.(r)aise
【详解】句意:我希望我们能为学校的新足球场筹集大量资金。结合句意和首字母可知,本空要表达“筹集”,为学校的新足球场筹集资金。表达“筹集”用单词raise,空前有单词will,所以本句是一般将来时,助动词will后要用动词原形。故填(r)aise。
26.(f)ound
【详解】句意:请告诉他,他的英语书在失物招领的箱子里。根据语境应是“失物招领”,lost and found“失物招领”,由首字母f可知,空处是found。故填(f)ound。
27.(g)reeted
【详解】句意:我们到他家时,那个小孩向我们打招呼。根据“when we arrived at his home”当我们到他家时,结合首字母提示,可知那个小孩应该是向我们打招呼,greet“打招呼”,动词,由arrived可知句子时态用一般过去时,greet的过去式为greeted,故填greeted。
28.fail
【详解】句意:如果你不努力学习,你考试就会不及格。根据“If you don't work hard”及“pass the exam”,可知,学习不努力,考试就会不及格,fail“不及格”,will后接动词原形,故填fail。
29.(c)aring
【详解】句意:怀特先生总是很关心他的学生,他所有学生都非常爱他。根据首字母及后面“all of his students love him so much.”可知,此处应该是表“关心”。“care about”是固定短语。而前面有is,此处应该用进行时态,表示一直持续的状态。care的现在分词是caring。故填caring。
30.news 31.discussion 32.reporter 33.talent 34.happened
【解析】30.句意:汤姆每天看新闻,这样他就能知道世界各地发生了什么。根据图片可知,Tom每天看新闻,news“新闻”,不可数名词,故填news。
31.句意:刚才吉姆和他的朋友讨论了如何制作模型飞机。根据图片提示及“about how to make model planes.”可知,此处指的是“两人进行了讨论”,have a discussion“讨论一下,进行讨论”,故填discussion。
32.句意:凯特是一名电视记者。她需要周游全国收集新闻。根据“She needs to travel around the country to collect news.”及图片提示可知,她是记者,reporter“记者”,空前有a,名词用单数形式,故填reporter。
33.句意;我喜欢看才艺表演,因为表演的演员总是让我惊讶。根据“because performers of the shows always make me surprised.”及图片提示可知,此处指的是talent show“才艺表演”,故填talent。
34.句意:——刚才发生什么了,Jenny?——一辆汽车撞上了一棵树。根据图片及语境提示可知,此处指的是happen“发生”,结合“just now”可知,句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填happened。
35.teaching 36.bridges 37.past 38.exercise 39.piano
【解析】35.句意:现在劳拉正在课堂上教他们英语。根据图片可知,劳拉在教他们英语,句子用现在进行时,be动词后跟动词现在分词,“教”为teach,现在分词为teaching,故填teaching。
36.句意:大同有七座桥。根据图片可知,有七座桥,“桥”为bridge,此处用复数形式bridges,故填bridges。
37.句意:迈克经常在十二点五分读报。根据图片可知,是十二点五分,为“five past twelve”,故填past。
38.句意:斯科特通常什么时候锻炼?根据图片可知,是指锻炼,“锻炼”为动词exercise,助动词does后跟动词原形,故填exercise。
39.句意:我会弹钢琴。根据图片可知,指弹钢琴,为“play the piano”,故填piano。
40.picnic 41.sad 42.lake 43.Japanese 44.won
【解析】40.句意:我和表哥在公园野餐玩得很开心。根据图片提示及加点字母k,c/k/在单词中的读音可知图片中两个孩子在野餐,推测句意应为“在公园野餐”,picnic/ˈpɪknɪk/野餐。 故填picnic。
41.句意:我很伤心,因为我的小猫病了,什么都吃不下。根据图片提示及加点字母a/æ/在单词中的读音可知图片中小男孩因为猫而伤心,推测句意应为“我很伤心”,sad/sæd/伤心。 故填sad。
42.句意:七岁的时候,天气好的时候,我经常骑自行车沿着湖边走。根据图片提示及加点字母ay/eɪ/在单词中的读音可知图片中小男孩在湖边骑自行车,推测句意应为“我经常沿着湖边骑自行车”,lake/leɪk/湖。 故填lake。
43.句意:去年7月,我开始学习日语,我的语言老师非常友善。根据图片提示及加点字母ge/dʒ/在单词中的读音可知图片中小女孩在学日语,推测句意应为“我开始学日语”,Japanese/ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/日语。 故填Japanese。
44.句意:经过努力,我终于赢得了上学期的网球比赛。根据图片提示及加点字母w/w/在单词中的读音可知图片中小男孩赢了比赛,推测句意应为“我赢得了比赛”,win/wɪn/赢,句子为一般过去时,用过去式won。 故填won。
45.(q)uarters 46.(S)unlight 47.(r)ises 48.(m)ix 49.(s)ugar 50.(T)hough
【解析】45.句意:一小时有四刻钟。根据“There are four…in an hour”及首字母提示和字母魔方可知,一小时有四刻钟,名词quarter“一刻钟”符合,数词four修饰可数名词复数形式。故填(q)uarters。
46.句意:阳光和水对人类和植物都很重要。根据“…and water are important for the humans and plants”及首字母提示和字母魔方可知,阳光和水对人类和植物都很重要,名词sunlight“阳光”符合,且句首首字母大写。故填(S)unlight。
47.句意:太阳从东方的天空升起,发光。根据“The sun… in the eastern sky”及首字母提示和字母魔方可知,太阳从东方升起,动词rise“升起”符合,且该句时态为一般现在时,主语是The sun,动词应用三单形式。故填(r)ises。
48.句意:首先,把牛奶和面粉混合在一起搅拌。根据“First…the milk and flour together and stir”及首字母提示和字母魔方可知,先将牛奶和面粉搅拌,动词mix“搅拌”符合,且该句为祈使句,应用动词原形。故填(m)ix。
49.句意:医生建议我们不要吃太多的糖,这对我们的牙齿有害。根据“The doctor suggests that we should not eat too much…”及首字母提示和字母魔方可知,医生建议不要吃太多的糖,不可数名词sugar“糖”符合。故填(s)ugar。
50.句意:外面正在下雨。尽管如此,他还是决定去看电影。分析题干,“It is raining outside外面下着雨”及“he decided to go to the cinema他仍然要去看电影”之间表示在从句条件相反的情况下,主句的情况依然存在,又结合首字母提示和字母魔方可知,连词though“尽管”符合,引导让步状语从句,且句首首字母大写。故填(T)hough。
51.(i)nside 52.(c)ost/(c)osts 53.(m)anage 54.(e)ducation 55.(d)aily 56.(e)xpensive
【解析】51.句意:花园里有一棵大树。根据“There is a big tree…the garden.”的语境和字母魔方及首字母提示可知,此处指花园里有一棵大树,inside“在……内”符合。故填(i)nside。
52.句意:这块手表花了我300美元。根据空后的“300 dollars”和字母魔方及首字母提示可知,此处指这块手表花了我300美元,cost“需花费”,此处可指过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时;也可指现在发生的事情,时态为一般现在时,主语为“This watch”,用三单形式。故填(c)ost/(c)osts。
53.句意:我们应该学会明智地管理时间。根据“We should learn to…our time wisely.”的语境和字母魔方及首字母提示可知,此处指明智地管理时间,manage“管理”符合,根据空前的“to”可知,此处用动词原形。故填(m)anage。
54.句意:父母努力为孩子提供良好的教育。根据“Parents work hard to provide their children with a good…”的语境和字母魔方及首字母提示可知,此处指为孩子提供良好的教育,education“教育”,此时为不可数名词。故填(e)ducation。
55.句意:我想向你介绍一下我的日常事务。daily routine“日常事务”,固定词组。故填(d)aily。
56.句意:这台电脑太贵了。我买不起。根据“I can’t afford it.”和字母魔方及首字母提示可知,此处指这台电脑太贵了,expensive“昂贵的”符合。故填(e)xpensive。
57.(p)lastic 58.(s)hining 59.(b)reak 60.(p)atient 61.(d)ecision 62.(s)upport
【解析】57.句意:瓶子是塑料做的。根据“The bottle is made of”可知是指瓶子是塑料做的。plastic“塑料”。故填(p)lastic。
58.句意:阳光明媚。根据“The sun”可知是指太阳在发光,结合空前的is,此处需用现在分词形式shining“发光”构成现在进行时,故填(s)hining。
59.句意:学生们在上课期间有休息时间。根据“during the class.”可知是指有休息时间。have a break“休息一下”,故填(b)reak。
60.句意:医生告诉病人多喝水。根据“The doctor”可知是指告诉病人多喝水。patient“病人”,此处用单数,故填(p)atient。
61.句意:请尽快做出决定。make the decision“做决定”,故填(d)ecision。
62.句意:我的父母和朋友给了我很多支持。根据“My parents and friends give me lots of”可知是指给了我很多支持。support“支持”,故填(s)upport。
63.studied for a test 64.swam in a swimming pool 65.flew a kite 66.cooked dinner 67.cleaned the floor 68.went to the library
【解析】63.根据图片可知,此图表示“为考试学习”,“考试”的过去式是studied,故填studied for a test。
64.根据图片可知,此图表示“在游泳池里游泳”,“游泳”的过去式是swam,故填swam in a swimming pool。
65.根据图片可知,此图表示“放风筝”,“放”的过去式是flew,故填flew a kite。
66.根据图片可知,此图表示“做晚饭”,“做饭”的过去式是cooked,故填cooked dinner。
67.根据图片可知,此图表示“打扫地板”,“打扫”的过去式是cleaned,故填cleaned the floor。
68.根据图片可知,此图表示“去图书馆”,“去”的过去式是went,故填went to the library。
69.share 70.Recipe 71.piece 72.Birthday 73.surprise
【解析】69.句意:好朋友总是分享他们的事情和秘密。根据纵横字谜空格数及“their things and secrets (秘密)”可知,此处指分享事情和秘密。share“分享”,符合语境。always总是,用于一般现在时,主语是复数,谓语动词用原形。故填share。
70.句意:菜谱——它告诉你如何一步一步地做食物。根据纵横字谜空格数及“it tells you how to make food”可知,菜谱可以教人们如何做食物。recipe“菜谱”,符合语境,句首首字母大写。故填Recipe。
71.句意:我想要一张纸。根据纵横字谜空格数及句意可知,此处为a piece of paper“一张纸”,固定短语。piece“张”,符合语境。故填piece。
72.句意:生日——这是很棒的一天。你在那天出生。根据纵横字谜空格数及“You were born that day.”可知此处指生日。birthday“生日”,符合语境,句首首字母大写。故填Birthday。
73.句意:你的爸爸给你一个礼物,但他没有告诉你。这是一个大惊喜。根据纵横字谜空格数及“but he didn’t tell you”可知,这是一个惊喜。surprise“惊喜”,符合语境,a后跟可数名词单数。故填surprise。
74.are washing 75.dresses 76.cold 77.concert 78.Thirty
【解析】74.句意:看!William和Jones跟一位女士正在洗车。这里William,with,woman中的“w”都发/w/的音。结合句子和图片可知这里填wash的适当形式。前面有look,说明此句是现在进行时,其结构为be+doing,又因为主语是复数形式。故填are washing。
75.句意:学生们在周三的节日上穿黄色的连衣裙。这里yellow,festival,Wednesday中的“e”都发/e/的音。结合图片可知这里填dress的适当形式。因为主语是复数,所以这里dress也填复数形式。故填dresses。
76.句意:一个寒冷的冬天的早晨,这个老人缓慢地在路上行走着。这里old,slowly,road都发/əʊ/这个音。结合图片可知这里填寒冷的。故填cold。
77.句意:Kim得到两张票,他和他的堂兄一起去看音乐会。这里Kim,ticket,cousin都发/k/这个音,结合图片可知这里填音乐会。故填concert。
78.句意:三十名女生每周二晚上在音乐教室学唱歌。这里girl,learn都发/ɜː/这个音。结合图片内容,可知这里填三十。首字母需要大写。故填Thirty。
79. are cleaning 80. cannot/can’t smoke 81. wears glasses 82. went fishing 83. How long
【解析】79.句意:看!雪莉和吉米正在打扫教室。根据图片可知,此处指的是“打扫”,动词clean意为“打扫”;由“Look!”可知,时态是现在进行时态,结构是is/am/are+动词的现在分词。主语Shelly and Jimmy表示复数,be动词应用are,clean的现在分词是cleaning。故填are;cleaning。
80.句意:——你好,先生。恐怕您不能在这里吸烟。——哦,对不起!根据图片和“Oh, sorry!”可知,此处指恐怕您不能在这里吸烟,cannot/can’t“不能”,后跟动词原形,smoke为动词,意思为“抽烟”。故填cannot/can’t;smoke。
81.句意:——凯茜,你妹妹长什么样?——她戴眼镜。根据“what does your sister look like?”和图片可知,此处表示她戴眼镜。动词短语wear glasses意为“戴眼镜”,时态是一般现在时,主语She是第三人称单数,动词wear要变成第三人称单数形式wears。故填wears;glasses。
82.句意:罗伯特上周末和他父亲去乡下钓鱼了。根据时间状语“last weekend”可知,此句时态为一般过去时态,句中动词使用过去式。结合图片可知,此处指去钓鱼,动词短语go fishing表示“去钓鱼”,go的过去式为went。故填went;fishing。
83.句意:——鲍勃,你每天练多长时间钢琴?——大约半个小时。根据答语“About half an hour.”可知,问句提问时长,因此疑问词应用how long,又因其位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填How;long。
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