Unit 2 Discovering Useful Structures 课件+分层练习- 【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019选择性必修第三册）

Discovering Useful Structures 新人教选择性必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 目 录 Lead-in Practice and Apply Observe and Discover Attention Learning objectives: At the end of this lesson, students are able to: 1. To master the use of the infinitive as subject; 2. To understand the differences of the Infinitive and the gerund as subject; 3. To use the Infinitive as subject in different situations. (1)Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is ___________(look) at the development of Western painting over the centuries. (2)During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was _____________ (teach) people about Christianity. (3)In this work，Monet’s aim was ____________(convey) the light and movement in the scene. (4) Her ambition is _____________(put) her new ideas into practice. (5) What they attempted to do was no longer ____________(show) reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art?” Review to look to teach to convey to put show Infinitives as predicative. Lead-in： Early to bed and ealy to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富有又聪明。 Not to advance is to go back. （逆水行舟）不进则退。 To save time is to lengthen life. 节约时间就是延长生命。 It is easy to open a shop, but hard to keep it always open. 开店容易，守店难。（打江山容易，守江山难。） It’s hard to please all. 众口难调。 The Infinitive as subject. Lead-in： Analyze what does the underlined part serve as in each sentence and translate them into Chinese. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (para 1) To change bad habit is never easy,even with many attempts. (para 2) 改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝试。 防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。 系动词 主语 主语 系动词 表语 to do 不定式放在句首作主语 Lead-in： It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother’s lung surgery. To join the People’s Liberation Army, it is required for men to shave off their beards. It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night. Read the following sentences and analyze what does the underlined part serve as in each sentence. (activity 1) 真正主语 真正主语 形式主语 真正主语 用 it 作形式主语，放在句首，把真正的主语 — 动词不定式置于句后。 How to use the computer is a question. When to go there has not been decided yet. Try to find the subject of each sentence, and translate them into Chinese. 主语 主语 如何使用电脑是一个问题。 还没决定什么时候去那里。 疑问词+不定式作主语 Lead-in： Lead-in： 动词不定式作主语有三种形式： 直接放在________作主语； 为了保持句子平衡，用________作形式主语，放在句首，把真正的主语 — 动词不定式置于句后； 和_________构成短语作主语。 句首 it 疑问词 Summary Observe and Discover： 动词不定式（The Infinitive） 动词不定式有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可作____、____、___、____、____、____ 成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补足语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补足语 不定式的时态和语态   1. To talk with him is a great pleasure. (talk) 2. The meeting to be held next week is about the COVID-19.(hold) 3. When the teacher came in, he pretended to be reading.(read) 3. Some items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong.(come) 4. The dog was said to have been killed by a wanderer.(kill) 不 定 式 主 动 被 动 一 般 to do to be done 进 行 to be doing 完 成 to have done to have been done 谓语动作发生时，不定式动作正在进行。 不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前。 11 动词不定式作主语常见的三个要点 1. 不定式作主语通常位于句首，表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。 To get up early is necessary. 早起是必要的。 To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.  学习一项技能对社会上的每个人都很重要。 To finish the building in a month is difficult. 要在一个月内完成这座建筑是困难的。 12 2. 动词不定式与疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。 e.g. How to use the computer is the question. 如何使用计算机是个问题。 Where to go has not been decided. 去哪儿还没有定下来。 How to use the computer Where to go 13 3. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语放在句首，而将真正的主语—不定式放到谓语的后面 (1) It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night. (2) To join the People’s Liberation Army , it is a rule for men to shave off their beards. (3) It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother’s lung surgery. 14 it作形式主语代替真正主语不定式常见于以下情况中： It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language. It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house. It is + n. + (for sb.) to do sth. 常见的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。 It was really a pity to miss the exciting movie. It takes/took/will take sb. some time/money to do sth. 15 常用于表示事物的特征，用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible,necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。 1) It is ＋ adj. ＋for sb. to do sth. sb. 是to do sth.的逻辑主语 It is +adj.+ for/of sb. to do sth. 16 e.g. It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language. 对年轻的学生来说，学习一门外语是必要的。 It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time. 他们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项任务。 It’s important for us to keep the water clean. 保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。 17 常见的此类形容词有： kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。 2) It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth. 形容词用来表示不定式的逻辑主语(sb.)的性质、特征或品德 18 比一比 It was rude __________ the boy to jump the queue!  It is necessary _________ you to change your job. It was foolish ______ you to turn down their help. of for of 19 Observe and Discover： 1. To see is to believe. 2. To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe. 3. To say is one thing and to do is another. 4. To make a detailed plan is a good idea to make it successful. 从位置上看，动词不定式作主语，通常放在句首。当句子主语和表语都是非谓语时，通常要_________，例如： To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. 保持一致 Observation 1 Observe and Discover： For him to admit his mistakes is not easy. For us to finish the composition in a quarter of an hour is really difficult. 动词不定式作主语可以带上自己的____________，一般用for / of 短语来表示。但此时多使用形式主语 it 来引起，使得句子保持平衡。例如，第2句可以改为：It is really difficult for us to finish the composition in a quarter of an hour. 逻辑主语 Observation 2 Observe and Discover： Observation 3 1. To be working all day long is a bore. 2. To have made the same mistake twice is unforgivable. 3. To love and to be loved is the great happiness. 动词不定式作主语可以有不同的_____________形式，例如，____________，_______和_______语态。 时态和语态 一般进行时 完成时 被动 Observe and Discover： Observation 4 1. It isn’t right to talk like that. 2. It’s difficult to master English. 3. It’s hard for me to answer the question. 4. It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all. 以上四个句子有两点共同之处： 句子的真正主语都是____________，但都使用 it 作形式主 语； 2. 句子的表语都是________。 动词不定式 形容词 it + be + adj + (逻辑主语) + to do sth Observe and Discover： Observation 5 It isn’t right for us to stop half way. = To stop half way is not right. 2. It’s kind of you to think so much of us. = You are kind to think so much of us. 动词不定式的逻辑主语常用_____________来表示，当形容词修饰动词不定式时，此时常用介词_____。当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，则用介词____。 for / of + sb for of Observe and Discover： Observation 6 1. It’s our duty to do that. 2. It’s a mistake not to help them. 3. It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship. 以上三个句子的表语都是_______，它们可归纳为一个共同句式：_____________________________。 名词 it + be + n + to do sth Observe and Discover： Observation 7 1. It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening. 2. It will take us a long time to walk there. 3. How long does it take to get there? 4. How much did it cost you to send the package? 以上四个句子是动词不定式作真正主语，由 it 作形式主语引导的句子，它们的谓语是 _____________。 它们的共同句式是____________________________________ _____________，表示某人花多少时间或金钱做某事。 take / cost it takes (costs) sb some time / money to do sth Observe and Discover： Observation 8 How to use the computer is a question. Where to put the bikes is being discussed. When and where to have the meeting has not been decided. _____________构成不定式短语作主语。疑问词包括疑问代词who、whom、what、which、whose以及疑问副词when、where和how。此外连接词whether也适用。此时，疑问词 + to do 结构可以转化为一个__________，例如： How to use the computer is a question. = ___________________________________________ 疑问词+to do 主语从句 How we can use the computer is a question. Observe and Discover： 1. ______ (do) morning exercises regularly is good for your health. 2. It feels really good ______ (do) morning exercises today. Doing to do Complete the following sentences and compare their usages. Conclusion 动名词作主语表示_______________的行为;不定式作主语表示_____________________________动作。 经常性或习惯性 具体的、一次性的或将来的 Practice and Apply： Analyze what does the underlined part serve as in each sentence and translate them into Chinese. 1.What is art ? It is hard to give a precise definition 2.As there have been so many different styles of western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 3.However ,during this period ,it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. 4.After all ,it is not easy to break bad habits it作形式主语 真正的主语 it作形式主语 it作形式主语 it作形式主语 真正的主语 真正的主语 真正的主语 Practice and Apply： I. Join the words to make full sentences, and then join the sentences to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to make your paragraph more meaningful. 1. important / avoid / passive cigarette smoking It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. n. 香烟 Practice and Apply： 2. will take / nutrition specialist / a balanced diet menu / make / an hour / for you It will take the nutrition specialist an hour to make a balanced diet for you. 3. useful / turn to / fitness consultant / for advice It is useful to turn to the fitness consultant for advice. n. 专家 n. 顾问 Practice and Apply： 4. illegal / dangerous / take drugs 5. harmful / skip breakfast / often It is illegal and dangerous to take drugs. It is harmful to skip breakfast often. n. 毒品，药品 v. 跳过 Practice and Apply： It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. It is useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice. It is dangerous to take illegal drugs. It is harmful to skip breakfast (too) often. It is / was +形容词+ (for sb) to do sth 往往用于表达观点 句型分析 It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. It takes / took / will take sb some time to do sth 或 It is / was required for sb to do sth 往往用于陈述事实 Practice and Apply： Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box. (P17 activity 3) begin with be in control of make a choice decide on make up one’s mind A: Hello, doctor. I want to lose weight, but I just can’t seem to do it. What can you do to help me? B: Well, first, it’s necessary to ___________________ what you eat. Cut out all fatty food and sugary drinks, and eat more fruit and vegetables. A: I really need to _____________ a way to exercise more. I could use a fitness app, but my phone’s full. B: So delete a few files. I’m sure the app doesn’t take up much space. 1. 2. be in control of decide on Practice and Apply： Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box. (P17 activity 3) begin with be in control of make a choice decide on make up one’s mind A: Before exercising, always do a few warm-ups to ___________. B: I know. But then I always feel too tired to continue! A: Should I go for the pizza or the fried chicken? I hate ___________ like these. You know what — I’m going to eat both! B: Wow! Don’t eat too much junk food — you’ll get fat. I’ve actually ________________ to go on a diet, so I’ll just stick to the fruit salad. 3. 4. begin with making choices made up my mind Attention： 3. 如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的， 可以在不定式前加一个由 for/of 引起的短语,构成__________。 2. 不定式作主语时,可以用it作_______________. (1) It is+adj+for sb to do …… (2) It is+adj+ of sb to do……… (adj: kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, stupid, foolish, careless, rude, polite, naughty) （修饰人品形容词） （修饰物的形容词） 1.单个不定式作主语，谓语动词_________ 单数 形式主语 不定式的复合结构 语法总结 (adj.: easy ,difficult, comfortable, pleasant, light , dangerous， tiresome, interesting , heavy, fit) Discovering Useful Structures 新人教选择性必修三 Unit 2 Thank You ! $$ Unit 2 Discovering Useful Structures分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高二课时练习）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词 1.They now have yet another _________ (毒品) problem on their hands. 2.The new trade agreement should __________ (促进) more rapid economic growth.  3.According to modern __________(心理学), we must first learn about the “habit cycle”. 4.The police say the __________ (回应) has been far better than expected. to the cue.  5.Bill was doing a lot of __________ (身体的) exercise to build up his strength. 6.After the __________ (悲观的) sales forecasts, production was halved.  7.England, Scotland and Wales _________ (构成) the island of Great Britain. 8.Talk quietly in the reading room in order not to __________ (打扰) others.  9.The government has set up a committee to __________ (检查) the fishing industry. 10.Large paintings can _________ (增强) the feeling of space in small rooms. 二、（2024·高二课时练习）单句语法填空 1.________(absorb) in his games，he didn’t notice that person. 2.What do you usually do to get ________(refresh) when you are tired? 3.The old woman was _________(wear) out and she couldn’t walk any further. 4.To keep slim，you’d better not eat too much________(sugar) food. 5.Later he found it ______(disturb) to work with such a talkative person. 6.It is said that several __________(special) will come to assess the project. 7.The new text _______(compose) of three parts is hard to recite. 8.I heard that she got _______(marry) as soon as she graduated from college. 9.To prevent the rich and powerful ________(abuse) their power, the government laid down related laws. 10.That young man is honest cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short，he's ________(rely). 三、（2024·高二课时练习）完成句子 1.在你的演讲的鼓舞下，年轻人已经下定决心实现他们的梦想。 Encouraged by your speech, the young people have ________________ their dreams.(make up one's mind) 2.这张桌子太占地方了。 This table ________________.(take up) 3.很明显删去这部分不会损害故事的连续性。 It is obvious that this part can ________________ without harming the continuity of the story.(cut out) 4.每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。 ________________ they came to help us.(whenever) 5.若要说他和这事有什么关系的话，那似乎也是很少的。 He seems to have little, ________________，to do with this matter.(if型省略结构) 6.他病得很重，应该立即去看医生。 He is seriously ill. He should go and see a doctor ________________. 7.除了这两本书外，他还写了一些剧本和电影脚本。 ________________ these two books，he has written some plays and film scripts. 8.你开车这么快很危险。 ________________ so fast. 9.我没有早些答复，很是无礼。 ________________ early. 10.从哪里去借这笔钱还不得而知。 ________________ this sum of money is not known. 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中）阅读理解 Nathanael Lessore’s latest book, King of Nothing, is about growing up. The story is based on his life as a person from Peckham, London, born to French and Madagascan parents. To Lessore, Peckham is a warm and friendly place where most of his family live, but it hasn’t always had this reputation (名声). In 2001, due to fightings in the area involving young people, there was a “push to get kids off the street” and into community centers. Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers. At first Anton hates it but then he makes an unlikely friend and starts to see the power of a community working together. Lessore is one of eight children and describes his family as a “big bustle” (place of exciting activity). As a kid, he remembers his mum taking him and his siblings (兄弟姐妹) to the local library to keep them busy. “Little did my mum know she was doing us a huge service because she was putting us in the presence of books.” Lessore also gets inspired by slang (an informal way of speaking used by a group of local people) he hears on London’s streets. “I don’t travel on public transport with headphones so l can overhear conversations.” If he hears an interesting phrase or word he saves it up and puts it down and constructs them in his book. In King of Nothing, Anton discovers that what others think of him is not as important as he thought. Lessore repeats this when giving advice to young readers. “Popularity means nothing”. His advice is to read, travel and be kind. The world is so big. There is so much to see. And, just like exploring new places, pursuing writing as a career “is not impossible...it’s achievable”. 4. Why was Anton required to join the Happy Campers? A. His bad reputation. B. His misbehavior. C. The community command. D. His poor education. 5. What has a deep effect on Lessore’s success? A. His growing surroundings. B. His exposure to abundant books. C. The interest in social activities. D. The influence of his siblings. 6. What can we know about King of Nothing? A. It comes from a real story. B. It tells about a mother’s struggle. C. It inspires readers to be writers. D. It stresses the function of the community. 7. What did the author want to convey? A. Reputation plays an important role. B. Enjoyment comes first. C. Enrich and fulfill yourself. D. Travel to explore the unseen. 五、（2024年秋季福建省永春二中晋江内坑中学等五校高二期中联考）语法填空 To learn more about the Arctic Circle a group of scientists and ____40____ (journal) set out for the polar area. They came to a splendid valley near the boundary, ____41____ was covered by vast sheets of ice and snow. On ____42____ edge of the valley, they found a small cottage, where they had a rest temporarily. A visible glacier from the top of the mountain flowed through the valley and the vast territory ____43____ (stretch) as far as the eye could see. All of them felt ____44____ (incredible) rewarding when they witnessed such a great place. Later, they found a herd of reindeer were on the move, ____45____ (accompany) by some local people. These ____46____ (adore) reindeer lived off the grass there. However, global warming posed a serious threat to the survival of them. For instance, the ice melted, leaving behind fewer suitable lands for them to live in. Thus they appealed ____47____ more people to focus on the environment in the polar area. Meanwhile the local government has adopted a series of laws: illegal hunting ____48____ (ban) here. What they hope was that people could stand under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, enjoying the beauty of these animals _____49_____ living in harmony with the nature. 六、（2024年秋季福建省永春二中晋江内坑中学等五校高二期中联考）读后续写 A GIFT FOR GRANDPA The summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again. The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ home eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with their grandparents. A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandpa was waiting for them joyfully. Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!” Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed across his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and that he maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and Grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently. The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs… How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom! But now Grandpa couldn’t get up. This made them worried. “We need to think out a way to cheer him up,” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, so we can catch him a bird,” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head.Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree?!” 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1: Berlin thought it was a good idea.__________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa._________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Discovering Useful Structures分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高二课时练习）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词 1.They now have yet another _________ (毒品) problem on their hands. 2.The new trade agreement should __________ (促进) more rapid economic growth.  3.According to modern __________(心理学), we must first learn about the “habit cycle”. 4.The police say the __________ (回应) has been far better than expected. to the cue.  5.Bill was doing a lot of __________ (身体的) exercise to build up his strength. 6.After the __________ (悲观的) sales forecasts, production was halved.  7.England, Scotland and Wales _________ (构成) the island of Great Britain. 8.Talk quietly in the reading room in order not to __________ (打扰) others.  9.The government has set up a committee to __________ (检查) the fishing industry. 10.Large paintings can _________ (增强) the feeling of space in small rooms. 【答案】1.drug 2.facilitate 3.psychology 4.response 5.physical 6.pessimistic 7.compose 8.disturb 9.examine 10.enhance 二、（2024·高二课时练习）单句语法填空 1.________(absorb) in his games，he didn’t notice that person. 2.What do you usually do to get ________(refresh) when you are tired? 3.The old woman was _________(wear) out and she couldn’t walk any further. 4.To keep slim，you’d better not eat too much________(sugar) food. 5.Later he found it ______(disturb) to work with such a talkative person. 6.It is said that several __________(special) will come to assess the project. 7.The new text _______(compose) of three parts is hard to recite. 8.I heard that she got _______(marry) as soon as she graduated from college. 9.To prevent the rich and powerful ________(abuse) their power, the government laid down related laws. 10.That young man is honest cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short，he's ________(rely). 【答案】1.Absorbed 2.refreshed 3.worn 4.sugary 5.disturbing 6.specialists 7.composed 8.married 9.abusing 10.reliable  三、（2024·高二课时练习）完成句子 1.在你的演讲的鼓舞下，年轻人已经下定决心实现他们的梦想。 Encouraged by your speech, the young people have ________________ their dreams.(make up one's mind) 2.这张桌子太占地方了。 This table ________________.(take up) 3.很明显删去这部分不会损害故事的连续性。 It is obvious that this part can ________________ without harming the continuity of the story.(cut out) 4.每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。 ________________ they came to help us.(whenever) 5.若要说他和这事有什么关系的话，那似乎也是很少的。 He seems to have little, ________________，to do with this matter.(if型省略结构) 6.他病得很重，应该立即去看医生。 He is seriously ill. He should go and see a doctor ________________. 7.除了这两本书外，他还写了一些剧本和电影脚本。 ________________ these two books，he has written some plays and film scripts. 8.你开车这么快很危险。 ________________ so fast. 9.我没有早些答复，很是无礼。 ________________ early. 10.从哪里去借这笔钱还不得而知。 ________________ this sum of money is not known. 【答案】1.made up their minds to realize 2.takes up too much room 3.be cut out 4.Whenever we met with difficulties 5.if any 6.straight away　7.Aside from　 8.It's quite dangerous for you to drive 9.It was very rude of me not to reply 10.Where to borrow 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中）阅读理解 Nathanael Lessore’s latest book, King of Nothing, is about growing up. The story is based on his life as a person from Peckham, London, born to French and Madagascan parents. To Lessore, Peckham is a warm and friendly place where most of his family live, but it hasn’t always had this reputation (名声). In 2001, due to fightings in the area involving young people, there was a “push to get kids off the street” and into community centers. Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers. At first Anton hates it but then he makes an unlikely friend and starts to see the power of a community working together. Lessore is one of eight children and describes his family as a “big bustle” (place of exciting activity). As a kid, he remembers his mum taking him and his siblings (兄弟姐妹) to the local library to keep them busy. “Little did my mum know she was doing us a huge service because she was putting us in the presence of books.” Lessore also gets inspired by slang (an informal way of speaking used by a group of local people) he hears on London’s streets. “I don’t travel on public transport with headphones so l can overhear conversations.” If he hears an interesting phrase or word he saves it up and puts it down and constructs them in his book. In King of Nothing, Anton discovers that what others think of him is not as important as he thought. Lessore repeats this when giving advice to young readers. “Popularity means nothing”. His advice is to read, travel and be kind. The world is so big. There is so much to see. And, just like exploring new places, pursuing writing as a career “is not impossible...it’s achievable”. 4. Why was Anton required to join the Happy Campers? A. His bad reputation. B. His misbehavior. C. The community command. D. His poor education. 5. What has a deep effect on Lessore’s success? A. His growing surroundings. B. His exposure to abundant books. C. The interest in social activities. D. The influence of his siblings. 6. What can we know about King of Nothing? A. It comes from a real story. B. It tells about a mother’s struggle. C. It inspires readers to be writers. D. It stresses the function of the community. 7. What did the author want to convey? A. Reputation plays an important role. B. Enjoyment comes first. C. Enrich and fulfill yourself. D. Travel to explore the unseen. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作家Nathanael Lessore如何从自己的成长经历中汲取灵感，创作出King of Nothing一书，强调了阅读、旅行和善良的价值观。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers.(同样，在King of Nothing中，主角Anton不断惹麻烦，他的妈妈让他加入了一个名为Happy Campers的活动俱乐部)”可知，Anton加入Happy Campers是因为他的不良行为。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Little did my mum know she was doing us a huge service because she was putting us in the presence of books.”(“妈妈可能不知道她为我们做了件大事，因为她让我们接触到了书籍”)”可知，接触大量书籍对Lessore的成功产生了深远的影响。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers. At first Anton hates it but then he makes an unlikely friend and starts to see the power of a community working together.(同样，在中，主角Anton不断惹麻烦，他的妈妈让他加入了一个名为Happy Campers的活动俱乐部。起初Anton非常讨厌这个俱乐部，但后来他结交了一位意想不到的朋友，并开始看到社区共同努力的力量)”可知，King of Nothing这部作品强调了社区的功能。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“His advice is to read, travel and be kind. The world is so big. There is so much to see. And, just like exploring new places, pursuing writing as a career “is not impossible...it’s achievable”.(他的建议是阅读、旅行和行善。世界如此之大，有太多的东西等着我们去看。就像探索新的地方一样，追求写作事业“并非不可能……它是可以实现的”)”可知，作者想要传达的信息是丰富和充实自己。故选C。 五、（2024年秋季福建省永春二中晋江内坑中学等五校高二期中联考）语法填空 To learn more about the Arctic Circle a group of scientists and ____40____ (journal) set out for the polar area. They came to a splendid valley near the boundary, ____41____ was covered by vast sheets of ice and snow. On ____42____ edge of the valley, they found a small cottage, where they had a rest temporarily. A visible glacier from the top of the mountain flowed through the valley and the vast territory ____43____ (stretch) as far as the eye could see. All of them felt ____44____ (incredible) rewarding when they witnessed such a great place. Later, they found a herd of reindeer were on the move, ____45____ (accompany) by some local people. These ____46____ (adore) reindeer lived off the grass there. However, global warming posed a serious threat to the survival of them. For instance, the ice melted, leaving behind fewer suitable lands for them to live in. Thus they appealed ____47____ more people to focus on the environment in the polar area. Meanwhile the local government has adopted a series of laws: illegal hunting ____48____ (ban) here. What they hope was that people could stand under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, enjoying the beauty of these animals _____49_____ living in harmony with the nature. 【答案】【答案】40. journalists 41. which 42. the 43. stretched 44. incredibly 45. accompanied 46. adorable 47. to 48. was banned 49. and 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述一群科学家和记者前往北极圈考察的经历，描述了他们在北极地区所见所闻以及他们对极地环境的关注和呼吁。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了更深入地了解北极圈，一群科学家和记者踏上了前往极地的旅程。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词的复数形式；根据句意可知，空处指的是“记者”。故填journalists。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他们来到边界附近一个壮丽的山谷，那里被广袤无垠的冰雪覆盖。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“valley”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在山谷的边缘，他们发现了一座小屋，并在那里暂时休息。分析句子成分可知，空处为冠词修饰名词“edge”，构成短语：on the edge of，意为“在……的边缘”，符合句意。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：从山顶望去，一条明显的冰川流经山谷，广袤的地域一直延伸到目力所及之处。这里为并列句的谓语动词，根据上一句的时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填stretched。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：当他们亲眼目睹这一壮观之地时，都感到无比满足。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式修饰形容词“rewarding”。故填incredibly。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们发现一群驯鹿正在迁徙，伴随着一些当地人。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当状语；“a herd of reindeer”和动词“accompany”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填accompanied。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些可爱的驯鹿以那里的草为食。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，修饰空后的名词“reindeer”，意为“可爱的”。故填adorable。 【47题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：因此，他们呼吁更多人关注极地环境。根据句意可知，空处考查固定搭配：appeal to，意为“呼吁”，符合句意。故填to。 【48题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：与此同时，当地政府已经通过了一系列法律：在这里禁止非法狩猎。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上文时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“illegal hunting”单数，和动词“ban”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was banned。 【49题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们希望人们能够在这片辽阔的天空下呼吸新鲜空气，欣赏这些动物的美，与自然和谐共处。空前“breathing the fresh air, enjoying the beauty of these animals”和空后“living in harmony with the nature”之间并列关系，用连词“and”连接。故填and。 六、（2024年秋季福建省永春二中晋江内坑中学等五校高二期中联考）读后续写 A GIFT FOR GRANDPA The summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again. The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ home eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with their grandparents. A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandpa was waiting for them joyfully. Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!” Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed across his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and that he maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and Grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently. The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs… How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom! But now Grandpa couldn’t get up. This made them worried. “We need to think out a way to cheer him up,” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, so we can catch him a bird,” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head.Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree?!” 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1: Berlin thought it was a good idea.__________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa._________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Berlin thought it was a good idea. When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandparents’ house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods. Jack said, “What kind of tree should we pick for the walking stick?” Berlin thought for a moment and said, “I think we should choose a straight tree, so no knots will scratch Grandpa’s hands.” Jack nodded his head in agreement. They found a straight tree and set to work. They cut the tree down, and with a knife they took the bark off. It was a wonderful tree, which was smooth and was just of the right size (which引导非限制性定语从句). They thought Grandpa would love it. Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. When Grandpa took the cane, his hands shook with joy, thinking, “This is made by my grandsons themselves. How precious it is!” Jack said, “Grandpa, we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods.” Grandpa smiled and decided to give it a try so as not to make his grandchildren disappointed. He held the cane in his right hand and the arm of his chair in his left hand. He stood up with strength on his legs (with复合结构). Everyone was surprised and excited to see Grandpa stand up. At that moment, Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandma’s eye. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$