Units1-8 期末知识点背诵 2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8A·期末复习U1-4（一） key points 1. 万能公式：It’s + adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 2. 形容词和副词的比较级 （1）比较级的基本结构：比较级+ than （2）标志词 much, even, a little，far （3）变化规律 (5) 不规则 (5) 例： good/well⇒better⇒best bad/ill/badly⇒worse⇒worst （好坏多少远） much/many⇒more⇒most little⇒less⇒least far⇒ farther⇒ farthest（强调距离，具体的） far⇒ further⇒ furthest（强调程度，抽象的） 平级比较：基本结构： as adj./adv.(原形) as 否定形式：not as/so + adj./adv.原形 + as = 比较级 + than 3. any other +单数 the other+复数 any of the other + 复数 the other 两者中另一个 常用搭配：one… the other… （常考只有两边的词：coin /paper /street /road /card /river ） other + n. 名词= others another 泛指三者及以上的另一个 4. discuss (sth.) with sb. discuss+特殊疑问词+to do sth. 5. have+时间+off 放多长时间的假 6. 后缀ly： adj.+ ly = adv. 例：real⇒really bad⇒badly usual⇒usually careful⇒carefully possible⇒possibly terrible⇒terribly（以ble结尾的去e+y） 特殊词：polite⇒ politely complete(adj.完整的，完全的)⇒ completely 7. 当主宾一致时，用反身代词 8. get to the final of = be in the final of 进入决赛 9. plan （过去式：planned；现在分词：planning） 10. pay sb.+（money）to do sth. pay（money）for sth 11. you'd better（not）do sth. 12. advise sb.（not）to do sth. 建议（不）做某事 advise doing sth. 13. 否定前缀 un-, in-,im-： ①un-: uncertain,uncomfortable,unimportant,uninteresting,unpopular,unpleasant等 ②in-: inactive, incorrect, incomplete, indirect等 ③im-: impatient, impossible, impolite, improper等 ④特殊dis-: dishonest Part 2：Knowledge points 1. an earthquake 2. thousands of 表示概数是两有，有“s,of”; 表示确数是两无 three thousand 特殊： Two hundred of the students are girls. 此处of整体中一部分和数字表达法无关。 3. flood 洪水, 不可数名词， 水灾, 是可数名词 4. catch fire 失火，动作 be on fire状态 5. scream in fear 恐慌地尖叫 6. run in all directions = run in every direction 7. come down 崩塌 come over 越过 come out 出版 come around 拜访，绕道 come off 脱落，离开 come from 来自 come back 回来，恢复 come in 进来 come on 加油，赶快，得了吧 8. silent（形容词）--silence （名词） patient---patience important---importance 9. if是否 ，从句一般用将来时态 if如果，“主将从现” 10. trap（名词）---trapped（形容词） calm（动词）calm down （形容词）keep calm 12.shout for help shout at sb shout to sb. 13.at last =in the end =finally 14.safe –safer---safely—safety 15.break down损坏，破坏 break into破门而入 break off停止中断 break up 解散 16.as soon as possible=as soon as you can 尽快 17.may可能，可以 不可能, 不能：can’t 禁止：mustn’t 18.temperature：温度只有高低，high /low; price：价格也是 19.the number of… …的数目，动词用单数； a number of:许多=a lot of 21.入睡：fall asleep (fall-fell) 感觉瞌睡的：feel sleepy (feel-felt) 22.the rest :剩余的，剩下的 The rest of the students are girls. The rest of the work is hard. 23.not …at all一点也不 24.not a little=quite非常 not a bit=not at all一点也不 a bit后面跟形容词或副词，a bit of+不可数名词； a little +不可数名词或者形容词比较级 25.less and less修饰不可数名词， fewer and fewer修饰可数名词 26.begin-名词beginning in the beginning=at first 27.put in 安装 put down 放下 put up张贴举起 put off推迟延迟 28.by oneself = on one’s own = alone 独自单独 20.be filled with=be full of fill the bottle with water用水装满瓶子 21.not only…but also…就近原则 =both…and 22.offer sb sth=offer sth to sb.主动提供某人某物 23.excited人 exciting事物 24.none侧重某物或人数量上一个都没 nothing一样东西都没 no one=nobody没有任何一个人 8A·期末复习U5-8（二） Structures 1. spend as much time as possible doing sth.花费尽可能多的时间做某事 2. prevent sb from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 3. had better（not）do sth 最好（不）做某事 4. provide sb. with sth/ provide sth for sb. offer sb. sth = offer sth to sb. 5. 疑问词+ to do sth know what to do know how to do it 6. 表示目的用to do sth.,意思翻译“为了” ---Why do you come here? —To tell you the truth. Do what you can to get good results. make laws to prevent these 7. have/take pity on sb. What a pity！/It's a great pity. /What a shame! 8. weigh v. weighed (过去式） weight n. What's the weight of ...? =How heavy is...? =How much does...weigh? 9. be too busy doing sth. to do sth 太忙于做某事而不能做某事 10. not... any more= no more not...any longer= no longer 11. keep secrets to themselves （他们）相互保密 12. all year round 全年 all day long 一整天 13. for a short stay 短暂逗留 = for a short while 14. advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 15. it 作形式宾语： find it +形容词+to do sth 16. it 作形式主语： It’s +形容词比较级+to do sth than to do sth. 17. keep doing sth 一直不停做某事 run for hours without stopping 18. Could/Would you please (not) do sth ? 19. understand the importance of… 明白…的重要性 be important to ....... 对......重要的 + n./ doing sth. 20. in order to have more space 为了有更多的空间 lead to less and less space/living areas 导致越来越少的空间 21. move around slowly in the daytime 明天四处慢慢走动 22. because of his illness 由于他的疾病 because +句子 because of +n./代词/doing 23. be lost =get lost = lose oneself = lose one's way 24. be in danger 处于危险中 there be danger 有危险 （there be +名词 、 it be + 形容词） 25. take action to do sth right away 立刻采取行动做某事 take an active part in积极参加 26. as a result 结果 as a result of....... 由于......... 27. stand with one's eyes closed 28. live mainly on bamboo主要以竹子为食 29. “-or”结尾的名词：visitor; actor; collector; monitor; sailor; editor; doctor;director; inventor 30. “-er”结尾的名词：speaker; singer; dancer; swimmer; runner; winner; climber; farmer; worker; painter; reporter; player; officer; shopkeeper; writer; driver; hunter; teenager; 31. “-ist”结尾的名词：artist; scientist; pianist; tourist; dentist 32. instead of doing sth.代替做某事 33. take a course in DIY参加DIY课程 34. make the same mistake犯相同错误 35. be crazy about对……痴迷 36. 几场阵雨 a few showers 37. 名词十后缀-y→形容词：cloud--cloudy, wind-windy, rain-rainy, snow-snowy, sun-sunny, fog-foggy, luck-lucky, health-healthy, sleep-sleepy, shine-shiny, noise-noisy, fun-funny 38. 百分比数值的单复数由 of后所指代内容的单复来决定 39. run in all directions 四处乱跑 move in all directions 40. catch fire = be on fire 失火 41. be home to...... .......的家园 42. 躲开........ hide （away）from...... 43. have to cover their faces with craves 不得不用围巾遮住脸 44. stand on the other side of the road 站在马路的另一边 45. pull myself slowly through dark 在黑暗中慢慢移动 46. 在安静的溪流边或树荫下玩耍 play by quiet streams or under the shade of trees 47. Snow rhymes with grow. 48. have big snowball fights 打雪仗 49. make snowmen 堆雪人 50. cause a lot of problems 引起许多问题 51. 跌至零度以下/保持在零度以上 drop below zero/ stay above zero 52. 升到10% / 降到-10°C rise to 10 °C/ drop to -10°C 53. in the thirties 三十几左右 in one’s thirties 在某人三十几岁 54. catch a bad cold 重感冒 55. cover an area of… 占地… 56. with the help of 在……帮助下 57. 系动词： be动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem become, get, turn, grow, go keep, stay , remain 58. 基本句子结构： 1) S + V 2) S+V+O 3) S+V+ P 4) S+V+IO（间宾）+DO（直宾) buy, make, feed, teach, give, pass, pay, post, read, sell, show, send, offer, bring, hand, lend, tell, write build, buy, cook, find, get, leave, make, order, pick, save sb. sth./sth. for sb. 5) S+V+DO+ OC (宾补） a) n. 作宾补：The war made him a soldier. We call him the King of Rock and Roll. b) adj. 作宾补：It makes him happy. c) 介宾短语作宾补：1often find him at work. d) to do/do 不定式作宾补：ask/agree/ invite sb. to do sth., make/let sb. (not) do sth., see/watch/hear/notice sb. do sth. e) 分词作宾补： see/watch/hear/notice sb. doing sth. 59. 过去进行时： 肯定结构：was/were doing 否定结构：was/were not doing 有些动词通常不用于进行时，主要有： (1) 表示心理状态、情感的动词：love/ hate/ like/ know/ prefer ... (2) 感官类动词：seem/ look/ sound/ smell/ taste/ see/ hear ... (3) 结果类动词：decide/ stop/ allow/ end/ refuse/ accept/ find/ have/ own 60. when/ while/ as的区别 主短从长，三者皆可 主长从长，用while 主长从短，就用when 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$