专题05 考点拓展5& 定语从句&写作指导（运动健康）-【寒假】2025年九年级英语寒假学习讲义（外研版）

专题05 考点拓展5& 定语从句&写作指导（运动健康） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 2 三．语法考点 6 四．写作考点 12 五．阅读拓展 14 一．词汇拓展 1.require v．需要→________ n．要求 2．harm v．损害；伤害→________ adj.有害的 3．knife n．餐刀；刀具→________(复数) 4．Italian adj.意大利的；意大利语的；意大利人的　n．意大利语；意大利人→________ n．意大利 5．similar adj.相似的→________ n．相似性→________ adv.同样地 6．agreement n．协议；协定→________v．赞同→________v．不赞同 7．paint v．绘画→________n．油画；绘画→________n．画家 8．serve v．端上(食物和饮料)；服侍……进餐→________n．服侍者→________n．公共服务；服务 9．kindness n．善举；好意→________ adj.善良的；仁慈的→________ adv.友好地；体贴地 10．including prep.包括；包含→________v．包括；把……列为一部分 11．type n．种；类；类型→________adj.典型的 12．fetch v．(去)取来；拿来→________(第三人称单数)→________(现在分词) →________(过去式/过去分词) 13.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→________v．使失望 14．physics n．物理学→________adj.身体的；体力的 15．west n．西；西方　adj.在西方的；朝西的→________adj.西方的→________n．西方人 1．requirement　2.harmful　3.knives　4.Italy5．similarity　similarly　6.agree　disagree7．painting　painter　8.server　service9．kind　kindly　10.include　11.typical12．fetches　fetching　fetched　13.disappoint 14．physical　15.Western　Westerner 二．考点拓展 考点1 because of与because的辨析 Well, it's the busiest season in China because of the Spring Festival. 嗯，因为春节，这是中国最繁忙的季节。 词（组） 用法 because 从属连词，引导原因状语从句，或用来回答why引导的疑问句，不能与so连用 because of 介词短语，后接名词（短语）、代词或动词的-ing形式 1．Son, people choose our laundromat（洗衣店） b________ we serve them like friends. 2．...but because __ its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy. 1．because 2．of 考点2 as long as的用法 There's nothing to worry about as long as you work hard. 只要你努力学习，就没有什么可担心的。 as soon as 意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则 as far as 意为“就……来说;至于”,常用搭配:as far as I know“据我所知”; as far as I can see“依我看”; as far as I remember“凭我的记忆” as well as 意为“并且;还;又”,连接并列的成分。连接并列主语时,谓语动词与as well as前面的主语保持一致 as...aspossible “as+形容词/副词原级+as possible”相当于“as+形容词/副词原级+as sb. can”,表示“尽量……” 1.—I'm afraid e-books might be bad for our eyes. —Hmm, but they will be helpful for us ______ we put them to good use. A．as soon as B．as long as C．even though D．so that 2.只要我们努力，一定能成为优秀的中学生。 ________________________________________________________________________________3.当我们进入高中的时候，我们需要尽快适应新的环境。 ________________________________________________________________________________4.人们一坐下，他们就会打开所有的灯。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 1．B 2．As long as we work hard, we are sure to be excellent middle school students. 3．When we get into senior high school, we need to adapt to the new environment as soon as possible. 4．They'll turn on all the lights as soon as people sit down. 考点3 used to do、be/get used to doing与be used to do的辨析 But people don't take as much exercise as they used to. 但人们的运动量没有以前的大。 used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，to后跟动词原形 be/get used to（doing） sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”， to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式 be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”，to是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形 1.The teachers used to ______ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ______ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show A 考点4 heat的用法 My father was a postman, and he often worked twelve hours a day outside in the winter cold or in the summer heat. 我父亲是一名邮递员，他经常冒着严寒酷暑每天在外工作12个小时。 1.I think I need to go to a cooler place. The summer ______ is making me crazy. A．sale B．rain C．break D．heat D 考点5 still的用法 I stood very still. 我站着一动不动。 1.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain is quite interesting and popular among kids. Even if I am an adult now, the book is ______ one of my favourites. A．just B．still C．even 1.B 考点6 thanks to与thanks for的辨析 Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. 由于更完善的医疗保健服务，大多数人活得更健康、更长寿了。 thanks to 意为“多亏；由于”，侧重强调感谢的对象，后接名词、代词和名词性短语 thanks for 意为“因……而感谢”，侧重强调感谢的原因。for后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式 1．Thanks for ________ （let） us borrow your camera. 2．多亏了她的帮助，我的数学成绩提高了。 ________________________________________________________________ 1．Letting 2．Thanks to her help, my math grades have improved. 考点7 require的用法 In the past, people's jobs required more physical effort.过去，人们的工作需要更多的体力付出。 1.Your exercise ______________（require）________（look） through. 2.这些宠物需要悉心照顾。 ______________________________________________________________ 1.is required； to look 2.These pets require a lot of care and attention. 考点8 serve的用法 Dinner is served around 7 pm or even later. 晚餐在晚上7点左右甚至更晚才吃。 1.早餐在早上七点至九点在酒店供应。 ________________________________________________________________ 2.King Cheng of Chu saw him as an important guest and ______ him a feast（盛宴）. A．served B．passed C．showed D．paid 1.Breakfast is served from 7 to 9 am in the hotel. 2.A 考点9 similar的用法 But there is nothing similar to say in English. 但英语中没有类似的说法。 similar常和to、 in连用;same意为“相同的”，和as连用。 1.It's especially fun that ants are similar __ humans in some ways. They also know how to work together. 2.这对双胞胎看起来非常像。 ______________________________________ 1.to 2.The twins look quite similar. 考点10 辨析achieve、realize与come true I think I've achieved a lot. 我觉得我已经取得了很大的进步。 1.Our country has a proud record of sporting ________________（achieve）. 2.这是关于一个女孩如何实现她的梦想的。 3.But he also made us ______ what really matters in life: people, not things; love, not anger. A．think B．doubt C．realize 1.achievements 2.It's about how a girl achieved her dream. 3.C 综合小练 一、用所给单词的适当形式或按要求填空。 1．China ____________（succeed） in sending three astronauts to Tiangong space station on May 30, 2023. 2．She knew ________（exact） when he would come in and knew that he was never late. 3．The Changjiang Delta is a very ________（wealth） area in China. 4．It gives you a chance to express your feelings and feel better about __________（you）. 5．Although the journey didn't start __________（smooth）, his love for flying and hard work got him into the Aviation University of Air Force. 6．She was unable to swim back to the surface. She was __ great fear and couldn't think.（盲填） 7．Everyone plays __（冠词） important role in the world. 8．The decision was reached without any ________________（agree）. 9．Thanks for your email! I am really pleased ____ you can come to our beach party. We're going to have it next Saturday.（盲填） 10．I'm just repaying （回报） the __________（kind） that your father has shown me. 11．The main idea of the works usually __________（include） everything in people's daily life. 12．Although they are sometimes shy, they have a strong mind and will try their best ________（make） their dreams come true. 13．Her spirit shows us that we should challenge ourselves in the face of difficulties. It also shows that we should never give up ________（try） to achieve our dreams. 1．succeeded2．exactly3．wealthy4．yourself5．smoothly6．in7．an8．disagreement9．that10．kindness11．includes12．to make13．trying 二、翻译句子。 1．我过去在解答数学题方面有困难。（used to） ____________________________________________________________________ 2．许多人在一生中从未真正尝试过实现他们的梦想。（a number of） ________________________________________________________________________________ 3．我们通过燃烧木材或煤炭等东西来获得热量。（get heat） __________________________________________________________________ 4．他很早动身，以便赶上第一班地铁。（set off） ____________________________________________________________________________ 5．我喜欢英语，因为它帮我更多地了解这个世界。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1．I used to have difficulty working out math problems. 2．A large number of people never really try to make their dreams come true. 3．We get heat from burning things like wood or coal. 4．He set off early so that he could catch the first subway. 5．I like English because it helps me learn more about the world. 三、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。 make, similar, expect, thanks to successful, achieve, harm 1．Some products may have certain food additives （食品添加剂）. Parents worry that they are ________ to their children's health. 2．The efforts that people ____________ in the past years are amazing—there are lots of forests! 3．Does that sound ________ to you? Do you do that often? 4．For this movie, she lost 50kg ________________ and looked very different. 5．True to what the doctor said, the worst came, but ____________ Mom, my sense of hearing now allows me to “see”. 6．You have __________ a lot although you didn't reach the top of the mountain. 7．However, people often don't realize that children also have ________________ for their parents. 1．harmful2．have made3．similar4．successfully5．thanks to6．achieved7．expectations 三．语法考点 定语从句 一．关系代词的用法 在复合句中, 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词, 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词有两种: 关系代词who,whom,whose, that,which,as和关系副词when,where, why. 关系代词3个作用：1）连接作用2）替代作用3）在从句中充当成分：作主语/宾语/表语/定语。 如下图所示： 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 ↓ ↓ ↓ Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 一．判断定语从句的关系代词的方法： 如果名词或代词后有一个句子，并且该名词或代词在句子中充当成分，则该句子就是定语从句。主要按照以下三步来判断： 1.找准先行词（定语从句前的名词或代词）。 2.把先行词还原到定语从句中，看充当什么成分。 3.根据先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分以及句意来选用适当的引导词。 二．关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 指代 在从句中的成分 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 which 物 主语/宾语/表语 who 人 主语/宾语/表语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人/物 定语 三．易混的关系代词辨析： （一）that 和 which 1.用that，不用which的情况 ①当先行词为不定代词：everything,anything,nothing, all, any, much, many, some, few, little, none等或当先行词被no, some, any, all, much, little等词修饰时，只能用that。 To get the job started, all that I need is your permission.要开始工作，我所需要的是你的许可。 Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么要我做的事吗? He answered few questions that were asked by the reporters.他几乎没有回答记者提问的问题。 ②当先行词被the only, the very, the same等词修饰时。 That’s the only thing that we can do now This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。 ③当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This was one of the most interesting books that were sold in this book store.这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that should be done is to get some food.该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 ④当先行词中同时包括人和物时。 I’m going to talk about the countries and people that I have visited.我要谈论一下我访问的国家和人民。 ⑤当要避免与疑问词which重复时。  Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 那件体恤衫最适合我？ 2.用which，不用that的情况 ①在非限制性定语从句中 Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.全世界都踢足球，它是有趣的运动。 ②介词提前时，不用that，而用which，介词不提前时，用that和which都可。 This is the room in which my father lived last year. = This is the room (that/ which) my father lived in last year. 这是我父亲去年居住过的房子。 四．关系代词易错点： 1.关系代词的省略 关系代词做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略，在非限制性定语从句中不省略。 Hangzhou is a beautiful city(that/which)I always want to visit.（在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略） 杭州是我总想参观的一个美丽城市。 Hangzhou ,which I visited last week, is a beautiful city.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略）杭州是一个美丽的城市，我上周去参观过。 2.从句中代词的重复多余 定语从句中的引导词指代先行词,从句中不能再出现指代该先行词的代词。 The book that I read it yesterday is very interesting.（×） The book that I read yesterday is very interesting.（√） 我昨天读的那本书很有趣。 3.what不引导定语从句 定语从句中有关系代词that和which而没有what ，what 可以引导名词性从句。 All that we need is a supply of oil. (that引导定语从句，修饰先行词all) What we need is a supply of oil. (what引导主语从句) 我们需要的是石油供应。 4.that不引导非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开） 在非限制性定语从句，不能用关系代词that。如果指代“人”，用who/ whom，指代“物”，用which。 The basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted lots of attention. 这位打算复出的篮球明星引起了很多关注。 He has become a doctor, which he wanted to be. 他成为了一名医生，这是他以前一直梦想的。 5.whose+n. = the+n +of which =of which+the+n. 名词之前必须有the。 I live in the room whose window/the window of which / of which the window faces south.我住在窗子朝南开的房间里。 6. 定语从句中的主谓一致: 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓语通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 注意：当先行词为“one of +复数名词” 时定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；当先行词为“the (only/very)one of +复数名词” 时定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 He is a good student who likes to help others. 他是一个乐于助人的好学生。 They are good students who like to help others. 他们是乐于助人的好学生。 He is one of the students who were praised. 他是一个受到表扬的学生之一。 He is the one/ the only one of the students who was praised. 他是唯一一个受到表扬的学生。 7.关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前) .指人只用whom, 指物只用which This is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. 用正确的关系代词填空 1.She never gives in to those ________ have money. 2.This is the best film ________ has been shown so far in the city. 3.February is the only month ________ has fewer than 30 days. 4.My son made notes of everything ________ he read. 5.Will you show me the girl ________ name is Wei Fang? 6.Please pass me the book _____is lying on the table. 7.My grandparents like stories ________ endings are happy. 8.Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _____ is leading a search to develop “sea rice”. 9.The teacher _______I like best often encourages me to fight for my dream. 10.Children ______ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 1.who 2.that 3.that 4.that 5.whose 6. which/that 7. Whose 8. who/that 9. who/whom/that 19. whose 二．关系副词的用法 一．关系副词的基本用法 关系副词 在从句中的作用 例句 When (=at/in/ on+which) 时间状语 I shall never forget the day when we moved into our new house. （先行词the day还原到从句中为: we moved into our new house on the day , 作时间状语，用when 或 on which） 我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。 Where （=at/ in/on +which） 地点状语 This is the house where I lived two years ago. （先行词the house还原到从句中为: I lived in the house two years ago, 作地点状语，用where 或in which）这就是我两年前居住的房子。 Why (=for which ) 原因状语 There are many reasons why people like traveling. （先行词the reason还原到从句中为: people like traveling for the reasons, 作原因状语，用why 或for which） 人们喜欢旅游有很多原因。 二．关系副词和关系代词的正确使用 先行词在定语从句中充当状语，则用关系副词；主宾表，则用关系代词 I’ll never forget the day when I worked with you on the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I worked with you on the farm on the day, 作时间状语，用when或on which) 我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。 He works in the factory where these bikes are made. (先行词the factory还原到从句中为: these bikes are made in the factory, 作地点状语, 用where或in which) 他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。 This is the reason (that/ which )he explained to us. (先行词the reason还原到从句中为: he explained the reason to us, 作explained的宾语，用that/ which) 这就是他对我们解释的理由。 I don’t know the reason why he was so angry.( 先行词the reason还原到从句中为: he was so angry for the reason, 作原因状语， 用why或for which)我不知道他如此生气的原因。 5.”介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 A.若先行词指人，关系代词whom；若先行词指物，关系代词用 which。 I’ll never forget the day on which（=when） first met Lucy.我永远不会忘记初次见露西的那一天。 This is the town in which（=where）Shakespeare was born.这就是莎士比亚出生的城镇。 I’d like you to explain the reason for which（=why） you were absent.我想让你解释一下你没来的原因。 B.关系代词前介词的选择。 将先行词还原到定语从句中，即可确定介词。 （1）I can’t remember the age at which he won the prize.我记不起他获奖时的年龄了。(at the age） （2）The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们正在寻找的文件已经找到了。（search for） （3）The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体叫作氧气，没有了它我们无法生存。 C.介词可以后移，此时关系代词可以省略（省略时，介词必须后移） This is the book for which you asked. =This is the book which/that you asked for.这是你要的那本书。 注意 一些与动词搭配的介词可以提到关系代词之前构成“介词＋关系代词”结构，但有些含有介词的动词短语一般不能拆开，如 look for, look after, call on, care for, hear of, take care of等。 · 我必须要照顾的最小的妹妹非常可爱。 【正】My youngest sister, whom have to look after, is very lovely. 【误】My youngest sister, after whom have to look, is very lovely. 用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空 1. I still remember the day______ I first came to Beijing. 2.This is the room ______ my grandparents lived last year. 3.Do you know the reason______ he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. 4.This is the hospital______ my mother works. 5.That is the reason ______ I did the job. 6. ______ we know, this is the day______ the quake happened thirty-five years ago. 7.He works in a factory______ makes this type of iPhone. 8.This is the hospital ______ we visited the day before yesterday. 9. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. 10.The way _____ our chemistry teacher did the experiment was very interesting. 1. when/ on which 2 where /in which 3. why/for which 4. where /in which 5. why/ for which 6. As ; when/ on which 7. that /which 8. that /which 9. that /which 10. that /in which 四．写作考点 运动健康 【话题分析】 在写作“体育运动”这一话题的作文时，我们可以选择体育賽事作为写作内容。写这一话题的作文时，通常要点明比赛时间、地点、主办方等,关键是突出运动员在比赛中的表现,因此会用到形容词或副词的比较级和最高级;最后点出比赛结果及自己的期待。 【写作实例】 上周你们学校举行了运动会。你们班取得了最好的成绩，因为你们班有最快的赛跑选手吴强，他在比赛中打破了学校纪录。你们班的跳高第一，跳远第二。三班成绩从第三名升到第二名，他们 400 米赛跑得了第一。二班成绩最差，但他们在跳远比赛中获得了冠军。请用英语记录这次运动会，包含上达信息。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【思路点拨】 步骤 构思 列纲 1 学校运动会举办时间、结果 last week, successful 2 叙述运动会中取得的成绩，注意使用比较级和最高级 break the record, any other, long/high jump 3 表达对下次运动会的期待 look forward to 【经典范文】 We had a school sports meeting last week. It was very successful. Our class was the best team. We had the fastest runner, Wu Qiang. He ran faster than any other student in our school and broke the school record this time. Our boy athlete also jumped highest in the high jump event.We were the second in the long jump event. Class Three did better than last year. They were the second. In the 400-metre race, they got the first. Class Two were the worst. However, they won the long jump. We are looking forward to the next sports meeting. Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life 提示：享受运动，享受生活。你喜欢运动吗？你享受过运动带来的乐趣吗？请以“Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你通过运动享受生活的经历，或谈谈运动给我们带来的好处。 要求：1.根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80个； 2.语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 3.文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计： 4.请将短文写在答题卡上，写在本试题卷上无效。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life Cycling is one of my favorite sports. It always makes me relaxed and full of energy. It was sunny last Saturday morning. After finishing my schoolwork, I felt a little bit tired. So I went cycling along the road in a forest not far from my home. What great beauty of nature it was when I got close to it! Colorful flowers were smiling at me. Birds were flying here and there in the trees and they never stopped singing. Soft wind touched my face when I rode a little faster. I got relaxed and refreshed at once. What an enjoyment of cycling it is! I enjoy my life by doing sports. 五．阅读拓展 一 Every student knows the importance of taking notes in class. But the skill of note-taking isn’t only used in school. Adults need to take 1 in meetings or training sessions for work. So here are some tips to help you develop this key skill. Begin with the date and the topic of the class. This may seem clear, but it’s easy to forget. It will help you keep your notes 2 . Focus on the most important points. Trying to write down everything the speaker says will only frustrate(使沮丧) you. 3 , listen for the key ideas the person wants to communicate. If the speaker uses a PowerPoint you may not need to copy the slides(幻灯). Ask if the PowerPoint will be available afterward. If so, you can pay attention to 4 the things the speaker says. Or you can take a picture with a phone. Meanwhile, the PowerPoint or a document(文件) with notes may be available before the class or meeting. If so, print it out so you can write notes on it. Think about 5 you want to take notes by hand or with a computer. Writing notes by hand has been shown to help you remember things better. But with a 6 , notes are easier to organize. Perhaps it’s best to combine the two methods. Write notes by hand first, and then type them up as part of your review. Think about different note-taking methods. If you’re a new learner, 7 drawing a chart or picture. Another method is to write an outline 8 facts described as examples. 9 your notes again after taking them. This will give you the chance to add any information that you didn’t write down. It’s best to do this as soon as possible so that you don’t forget anything. This extra review will also increase your chances of 10 what you wrote. Note-taking is a practical skill, so it’s important to practice doing it well. 1．A．photos B．steps C．risks D．notes 2．A．organized B．creative C．important D．similar 3．A．Still B．Even C．Instead D．Otherwise 4．A．writing B．reading C．watching D．checking 5．A．when B．whether C．how D．where 6．A．video B．television C．radio D．computer 7．A．stop B．finish C．consider D．miss 8．A．for B．with C．in D．beyond 9．A．Look through B．Look for C．Look after D．Look around 10．A．improving B．encouraging C．remembering D．allowing 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【分析】无论是学生还是成人，记笔记都很重要，文中讲了一些帮助发展这一技能的要点提示。 1．句意：成年人需要在会议或工作培训中做笔记。 photos照片；steps步骤；risks风险；notes笔记。根据“Every student knows the importance of taking notes in class.”可知，讲述记笔记的相关事情，故选D。 2．句意：这将帮助你保持你的笔记有条理。 organized有条理的；creative有创造力的；important重要的；similar相似的。根据“Begin with the date and the topic of the class. This may seem clear, but it’s easy to forget.”可知，从上课的日期和主题开始，这一点似乎很清楚，但很容易被忘记。所以可以帮助你的笔记有条理，故选A。 3．句意：相反，倾听对方想要表达的关键思想。 Still仍然；Even甚至；Instead而不是，相反；Otherwise否则。前后两句构成转折关系，用Instead表示“而不是，相反”，故选C。 4．句意：如果是这样，你可以注意写下说话者所说的内容。 writing写；reading读；watching观看；checking检查。根据“If so, you can pay attention to...the things the speaker says.”可知，是写下说话者所说的内容。故选A。 5．句意：想想你是想用手写还是用电脑记笔记。 when何时；whether是否；how如何；where哪里。根据“Think about...you want to take notes by hand or with a computer.”可知，此处是“whether...or...”结构，表示“是否”，故选B。 6．句意：但有了电脑，笔记更容易整理。 video视频；television电视；radio录音机；computer电脑。根据“Think about...you want to take notes by hand or with a computer. Writing notes by hand has been shown to help you remember things better.”可知，前文谈论手写还是用电脑，此处应谈论用电脑，故选D。 7．句意：如果你是一个初学者，考虑画一个图表或图画。 stop停止；finish结束；consider考虑；miss思念。根据“If you’re a new learner,...drawing a chart or picture.”可知，是考虑画图表或图画。故选C。 8．句意：另一种方法是写提纲，用实例描述事实。 for为了；with和，用；in在……中；beyond超过。根据“Another method is to write an outline...facts described as examples.”可知，用实例描述事实。故选B。 9．句意：记完笔记再看一遍。 Look through浏览；Look for寻找；Look after照顾；Look around环顾四周。根据“... your notes again after taking them.”可知，记好后再浏览一遍，故选A。 10．句意：这种额外的复习也会增加你记住你写的东西的机会。 improving提升；encouraging鼓励；remembering记得；allowing允许。根据“This extra review will also increase your chances of...what you wrote.”可知，复习会增加你记住你写的东西的机会。故选C。 二 Do you know what a resolution is? It’s a kind of promise. Most of the time, we make promises to other people.  (“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school. ”)  However, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans. There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, a student may have to find more time to study. Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them!There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions!How about you? The key to having successful new year’s resolutions, is to find resolutions that are good for us — in other words, resolutions that meet with our lifestyle and interests. Being honest with ourselves and what we want in life can go a long way towards achieving our resolutions. Whether you love setting new resolutions or you’re doing it for the first time, you will be sure to find a resolution that encourages you and make 2024 the best year. 1．When do people make a new year’s resolution? A．At the end of the year. B．In the middle of the year. C．At the beginning of the year. D．During the second month of the year. 2．Which one of the following is a resolution? A．I will learn a new skill in the coming new year. B．I promise, Mom, I will work hard this term. C．Trust me, Dad. I will learn to be brave. D．Miss Yang, you’ll see a better me next term. 3．Why do people make a new year’s resolution? A．To celebrate the new year. B．To be a better self. C．To remember the plan. D．To make parents happy. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the new year’s resolutions? A．Doubtful. B．Curious. C．Supportive. D．Worried. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是新年决心，以及人们通常会制定什么样的决心。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第1段“The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions”可知年初人们制定新年决心。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文中第2段“Many resolutions have to do with self—improvement.”可知，许多决心都与自我提升有关。所以A选项“我将学习一项新技能”符合。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文中第4段“Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person.”可知，许多决心都与自我完善有关。这些都是为了让自己成为一个更好的人。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据文中最后1段“Whether you love setting new resolutions or you’re doing it for the first time, you will be sure to find a resolution that encourages you and make 2024 the best year.”（无论你是喜欢制定新的决心还是第一次这样做，你一定会找到一个鼓励你的决心，让2024年成为最好的一年）可知，作者很支持。故选C。 三 Do you like beautiful scenery(风景)? Then you will love New Zealand. It is in the 1 (east)part of the Pacific Ocean, across the sea from its nearest neighbour, Australia. New Zealand has three official(官方的)languages—English, Maori and New Zealand Sign Language. English is the most 2 (wide)used language in this country. Maori 3 (teach)in some schools. New Zealand has two main islands, the North Island and the South Island. Wellington, the capital city, and Auckland, the country’s 4 (large)city, 5 (lie)on the North Island. Auckland is known as the “City of Sails” because many people in the city own sailing boats. The South Island is famous for its high mountains and beautiful Milford Sound. There are many 6 (attraction)for visitors on the two islands. Have you 7 (hear)of Sky Tower? It’s a 328-metre-tall tower on the North Island. You can climb to the top of it and enjoy the natural landscape. Travel south to Rotorua. There are natural hot springs(温泉)here, which are perfect for bathing and 8 (relax). On the South Island, you can visit Queenstown and enjoy different kinds of adventure activities. Take a trip to Milford Sound 9 (see)its high waterfalls pouring down the mountains. The scenery in New Zealand is amazing! If you’re travel lovers, New Zealand can always meet your 10 (need)! 【答案】1．eastern 2．widely 3．is taught 4．largest 5．lie 6．attractions 7．heard 8．relaxing 9．to see 10．needs 【导语】本文主要介绍新西兰美丽的风景。 1．句意：它在太平洋的东部。分析句子可知，横线上的是形容词修饰名词“part”，所以将east变为“eastern”东方的。故填eastern。 2．句意：在这个国家英语是广泛使用的语言。分析句子可知，横线上应是副词修饰动词“use”，所以将形容词wide变为副词“widely”广泛地。故填widely。 3．句意：毛利语在一些学校被教。主语“Maori”与动词“teach”间是被动关系，描述客观事实，所以是一般现在时。故填is taught。 4．句意：惠灵顿首都城市，奥克兰这个国家最大的城市，坐落在北岛。比较范围是这个国家，用最高级，是最大的城市，所以是largest。故填largest。 5．句意：惠灵顿首都城市，奥克兰这个国家最大的城市，坐落在北岛。本句是描写客观事实，所以是一般现在时。由于主语是两个城市，所以谓语动词是原形，故填lie。 6．句意：对游客来说，在这两个岛屿上有许多的景点。根据横线前的many，可知横线上是名词的复数。故填attractions。 7．句意：你听说过天空塔吗？分析句子可知此句是现在完成时，动词是过去分词，所以是heard。故填heard。 8．句意：这儿有自然的温泉，这些温泉有利于洗澡和放松。for介词后是动名词，所以是relaxing。 9．句意：进行一次去米尔福德弯的旅行去看看它的高瀑布从山上倾倒下来。分析句子可知横线上是不定式结构表示目的。故填to see。 10．句意：新西兰总是能满足你的需求。横线上是名词，意思是你所有的需求。故填needs。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 考点拓展5& 定语从句&写作指导（运动健康） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 2 三．语法考点 6 四．写作考点 12 五．阅读拓展 14 一．词汇拓展 1.require v．需要→________ n．要求 2．harm v．损害；伤害→________ adj.有害的 3．knife n．餐刀；刀具→________(复数) 4．Italian adj.意大利的；意大利语的；意大利人的　n．意大利语；意大利人→________ n．意大利 5．similar adj.相似的→________ n．相似性→________ adv.同样地 6．agreement n．协议；协定→________v．赞同→________v．不赞同 7．paint v．绘画→________n．油画；绘画→________n．画家 8．serve v．端上(食物和饮料)；服侍……进餐→________n．服侍者→________n．公共服务；服务 9．kindness n．善举；好意→________ adj.善良的；仁慈的→________ adv.友好地；体贴地 10．including prep.包括；包含→________v．包括；把……列为一部分 11．type n．种；类；类型→________adj.典型的 12．fetch v．(去)取来；拿来→________(第三人称单数)→________(现在分词) →________(过去式/过去分词) 13.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→________v．使失望 14．physics n．物理学→________adj.身体的；体力的 15．west n．西；西方　adj.在西方的；朝西的→________adj.西方的→________n．西方人 二．考点拓展 考点1 because of与because的辨析 Well, it's the busiest season in China because of the Spring Festival. 嗯，因为春节，这是中国最繁忙的季节。 词（组） 用法 because 从属连词，引导原因状语从句，或用来回答why引导的疑问句，不能与so连用 because of 介词短语，后接名词（短语）、代词或动词的-ing形式 1．Son, people choose our laundromat（洗衣店） b________ we serve them like friends. 2．...but because __ its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy. 考点2 as long as的用法 There's nothing to worry about as long as you work hard. 只要你努力学习，就没有什么可担心的。 as soon as 意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则 as far as 意为“就……来说;至于”,常用搭配:as far as I know“据我所知”; as far as I can see“依我看”; as far as I remember“凭我的记忆” as well as 意为“并且;还;又”,连接并列的成分。连接并列主语时,谓语动词与as well as前面的主语保持一致 as...aspossible “as+形容词/副词原级+as possible”相当于“as+形容词/副词原级+as sb. can”,表示“尽量……” 1.—I'm afraid e-books might be bad for our eyes. —Hmm, but they will be helpful for us ______ we put them to good use. A．as soon as B．as long as C．even though D．so that 2.只要我们努力，一定能成为优秀的中学生。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.当我们进入高中的时候，我们需要尽快适应新的环境。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 4.人们一坐下，他们就会打开所有的灯。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 考点3 used to do、be/get used to doing与be used to do的辨析 But people don't take as much exercise as they used to. 但人们的运动量没有以前的大。 used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，to后跟动词原形 be/get used to（doing） sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”， to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式 be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”，to是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形 1.The teachers used to ______ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ______ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show 考点4 heat的用法 My father was a postman, and he often worked twelve hours a day outside in the winter cold or in the summer heat. 我父亲是一名邮递员，他经常冒着严寒酷暑每天在外工作12个小时。 1.I think I need to go to a cooler place. The summer ______ is making me crazy. A．sale B．rain C．break D．heat 考点5 still的用法 I stood very still. 我站着一动不动。 1.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain is quite interesting and popular among kids. Even if I am an adult now, the book is ______ one of my favourites. A．just B．still C．even 考点6 thanks to与thanks for的辨析 Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. 由于更完善的医疗保健服务，大多数人活得更健康、更长寿了。 thanks to 意为“多亏；由于”，侧重强调感谢的对象，后接名词、代词和名词性短语 thanks for 意为“因……而感谢”，侧重强调感谢的原因。for后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式 1．Thanks for ________ （let） us borrow your camera. 2．多亏了她的帮助，我的数学成绩提高了。 ________________________________________________________________ 考点7 require的用法 In the past, people's jobs required more physical effort.过去，人们的工作需要更多的体力付出。 1.Your exercise ______________（require）________（look） through. 2.这些宠物需要悉心照顾。 ______________________________________________________________ 考点8 serve的用法 Dinner is served around 7 pm or even later. 晚餐在晚上7点左右甚至更晚才吃。 1.早餐在早上七点至九点在酒店供应。 ________________________________________________________________ 2.King Cheng of Chu saw him as an important guest and ______ him a feast（盛宴）. A．served B．passed C．showed D．paid 考点9 similar的用法 But there is nothing similar to say in English. 但英语中没有类似的说法。 similar常和to、 in连用;same意为“相同的”，和as连用。 1.It's especially fun that ants are similar __ humans in some ways. They also know how to work together. 2.这对双胞胎看起来非常像。 ______________________________________ 考点10 辨析achieve、realize与come true I think I've achieved a lot. 我觉得我已经取得了很大的进步。 1.Our country has a proud record of sporting ________________（achieve）. 2.这是关于一个女孩如何实现她的梦想的。 3.But he also made us ______ what really matters in life: people, not things; love, not anger. A．think B．doubt C．realize 综合小练 一、用所给单词的适当形式或按要求填空。 1．China ____________（succeed） in sending three astronauts to Tiangong space station on May 30, 2023. 2．She knew ________（exact） when he would come in and knew that he was never late. 3．The Changjiang Delta is a very ________（wealth） area in China. 4．It gives you a chance to express your feelings and feel better about __________（you）. 5．Although the journey didn't start __________（smooth）, his love for flying and hard work got him into the Aviation University of Air Force. 6．She was unable to swim back to the surface. She was __ great fear and couldn't think.（盲填） 7．Everyone plays __（冠词） important role in the world. 8．The decision was reached without any ________________（agree）. 9．Thanks for your email! I am really pleased ____ you can come to our beach party. We're going to have it next Saturday.（盲填） 10．I'm just repaying （回报） the __________（kind） that your father has shown me. 11．The main idea of the works usually __________（include） everything in people's daily life. 12．Although they are sometimes shy, they have a strong mind and will try their best ________（make） their dreams come true. 13．Her spirit shows us that we should challenge ourselves in the face of difficulties. It also shows that we should never give up ________（try） to achieve our dreams. 二、翻译句子。 1．我过去在解答数学题方面有困难。（used to） ____________________________________________________________________ 2．许多人在一生中从未真正尝试过实现他们的梦想。（a number of） ________________________________________________________________________________ 3．我们通过燃烧木材或煤炭等东西来获得热量。（get heat） __________________________________________________________________ 4．他很早动身，以便赶上第一班地铁。（set off） ____________________________________________________________________________ 5．我喜欢英语，因为它帮我更多地了解这个世界。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 三、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。 make, similar, expect, thanks to successful, achieve, harm 1．Some products may have certain food additives （食品添加剂）. Parents worry that they are ________ to their children's health. 2．The efforts that people ____________ in the past years are amazing—there are lots of forests! 3．Does that sound ________ to you? Do you do that often? 4．For this movie, she lost 50kg ________________ and looked very different. 5．True to what the doctor said, the worst came, but ____________ Mom, my sense of hearing now allows me to “see”. 6．You have __________ a lot although you didn't reach the top of the mountain. 7．However, people often don't realize that children also have ________________ for their parents. 三．语法考点 定语从句 一．关系代词的用法 在复合句中, 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词, 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词有两种: 关系代词who,whom,whose, that,which,as和关系副词when,where, why. 关系代词3个作用：1）连接作用2）替代作用3）在从句中充当成分：作主语/宾语/表语/定语。 如下图所示： 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 ↓ ↓ ↓ Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 一．判断定语从句的关系代词的方法： 如果名词或代词后有一个句子，并且该名词或代词在句子中充当成分，则该句子就是定语从句。主要按照以下三步来判断： 1.找准先行词（定语从句前的名词或代词）。 2.把先行词还原到定语从句中，看充当什么成分。 3.根据先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分以及句意来选用适当的引导词。 二．关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 指代 在从句中的成分 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 which 物 主语/宾语/表语 who 人 主语/宾语/表语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人/物 定语 三．易混的关系代词辨析： （一）that 和 which 1.用that，不用which的情况 ①当先行词为不定代词：everything,anything,nothing, all, any, much, many, some, few, little, none等或当先行词被no, some, any, all, much, little等词修饰时，只能用that。 To get the job started, all that I need is your permission.要开始工作，我所需要的是你的许可。 Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么要我做的事吗? He answered few questions that were asked by the reporters.他几乎没有回答记者提问的问题。 ②当先行词被the only, the very, the same等词修饰时。 That’s the only thing that we can do now This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。 ③当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This was one of the most interesting books that were sold in this book store.这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that should be done is to get some food.该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 ④当先行词中同时包括人和物时。 I’m going to talk about the countries and people that I have visited.我要谈论一下我访问的国家和人民。 ⑤当要避免与疑问词which重复时。  Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 那件体恤衫最适合我？ 2.用which，不用that的情况 ①在非限制性定语从句中 Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.全世界都踢足球，它是有趣的运动。 ②介词提前时，不用that，而用which，介词不提前时，用that和which都可。 This is the room in which my father lived last year. = This is the room (that/ which) my father lived in last year. 这是我父亲去年居住过的房子。 四．关系代词易错点： 1.关系代词的省略 关系代词做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略，在非限制性定语从句中不省略。 Hangzhou is a beautiful city(that/which)I always want to visit.（在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略） 杭州是我总想参观的一个美丽城市。 Hangzhou ,which I visited last week, is a beautiful city.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略）杭州是一个美丽的城市，我上周去参观过。 2.从句中代词的重复多余 定语从句中的引导词指代先行词,从句中不能再出现指代该先行词的代词。 The book that I read it yesterday is very interesting.（×） The book that I read yesterday is very interesting.（√） 我昨天读的那本书很有趣。 3.what不引导定语从句 定语从句中有关系代词that和which而没有what ，what 可以引导名词性从句。 All that we need is a supply of oil. (that引导定语从句，修饰先行词all) What we need is a supply of oil. (what引导主语从句) 我们需要的是石油供应。 4.that不引导非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开） 在非限制性定语从句，不能用关系代词that。如果指代“人”，用who/ whom，指代“物”，用which。 The basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted lots of attention. 这位打算复出的篮球明星引起了很多关注。 He has become a doctor, which he wanted to be. 他成为了一名医生，这是他以前一直梦想的。 5.whose+n. = the+n +of which =of which+the+n. 名词之前必须有the。 I live in the room whose window/the window of which / of which the window faces south.我住在窗子朝南开的房间里。 6. 定语从句中的主谓一致: 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓语通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 注意：当先行词为“one of +复数名词” 时定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；当先行词为“the (only/very)one of +复数名词” 时定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 He is a good student who likes to help others. 他是一个乐于助人的好学生。 They are good students who like to help others. 他们是乐于助人的好学生。 He is one of the students who were praised. 他是一个受到表扬的学生之一。 He is the one/ the only one of the students who was praised. 他是唯一一个受到表扬的学生。 7.关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前) .指人只用whom, 指物只用which This is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. 用正确的关系代词填空 1.She never gives in to those ________ have money. 2.This is the best film ________ has been shown so far in the city. 3.February is the only month ________ has fewer than 30 days. 4.My son made notes of everything ________ he read. 5.Will you show me the girl ________ name is Wei Fang? 6.Please pass me the book _____is lying on the table. 7.My grandparents like stories ________ endings are happy. 8.Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _____ is leading a search to develop “sea rice”. 9.The teacher _______I like best often encourages me to fight for my dream. 10.Children ______ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 二．关系副词的用法 一．关系副词的基本用法 关系副词 在从句中的作用 例句 When (=at/in/ on+which) 时间状语 I shall never forget the day when we moved into our new house. （先行词the day还原到从句中为: we moved into our new house on the day , 作时间状语，用when 或 on which） 我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。 Where （=at/ in/on +which） 地点状语 This is the house where I lived two years ago. （先行词the house还原到从句中为: I lived in the house two years ago, 作地点状语，用where 或in which）这就是我两年前居住的房子。 Why (=for which ) 原因状语 There are many reasons why people like traveling. （先行词the reason还原到从句中为: people like traveling for the reasons, 作原因状语，用why 或for which） 人们喜欢旅游有很多原因。 二．关系副词和关系代词的正确使用 先行词在定语从句中充当状语，则用关系副词；主宾表，则用关系代词 I’ll never forget the day when I worked with you on the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I worked with you on the farm on the day, 作时间状语，用when或on which) 我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。 He works in the factory where these bikes are made. (先行词the factory还原到从句中为: these bikes are made in the factory, 作地点状语, 用where或in which) 他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。 This is the reason (that/ which )he explained to us. (先行词the reason还原到从句中为: he explained the reason to us, 作explained的宾语，用that/ which) 这就是他对我们解释的理由。 I don’t know the reason why he was so angry.( 先行词the reason还原到从句中为: he was so angry for the reason, 作原因状语， 用why或for which)我不知道他如此生气的原因。 5.”介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 A.若先行词指人，关系代词whom；若先行词指物，关系代词用 which。 I’ll never forget the day on which（=when） first met Lucy.我永远不会忘记初次见露西的那一天。 This is the town in which（=where）Shakespeare was born.这就是莎士比亚出生的城镇。 I’d like you to explain the reason for which（=why） you were absent.我想让你解释一下你没来的原因。 B.关系代词前介词的选择。 将先行词还原到定语从句中，即可确定介词。 （1）I can’t remember the age at which he won the prize.我记不起他获奖时的年龄了。(at the age） （2）The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们正在寻找的文件已经找到了。（search for） （3）The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体叫作氧气，没有了它我们无法生存。 C.介词可以后移，此时关系代词可以省略（省略时，介词必须后移） This is the book for which you asked. =This is the book which/that you asked for.这是你要的那本书。 注意 一些与动词搭配的介词可以提到关系代词之前构成“介词＋关系代词”结构，但有些含有介词的动词短语一般不能拆开，如 look for, look after, call on, care for, hear of, take care of等。 · 我必须要照顾的最小的妹妹非常可爱。 【正】My youngest sister, whom have to look after, is very lovely. 【误】My youngest sister, after whom have to look, is very lovely. 用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空 1. I still remember the day______ I first came to Beijing. 2.This is the room ______ my grandparents lived last year. 3.Do you know the reason______ he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. 4.This is the hospital______ my mother works. 5.That is the reason ______ I did the job. 6. ______ we know, this is the day______ the quake happened thirty-five years ago. 7.He works in a factory______ makes this type of iPhone. 8.This is the hospital ______ we visited the day before yesterday. 9. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. 10.The way _____ our chemistry teacher did the experiment was very interesting. 四．写作考点 运动健康 【话题分析】 在写作“体育运动”这一话题的作文时，我们可以选择体育賽事作为写作内容。写这一话题的作文时，通常要点明比赛时间、地点、主办方等,关键是突出运动员在比赛中的表现,因此会用到形容词或副词的比较级和最高级;最后点出比赛结果及自己的期待。 【写作实例】 上周你们学校举行了运动会。你们班取得了最好的成绩，因为你们班有最快的赛跑选手吴强，他在比赛中打破了学校纪录。你们班的跳高第一，跳远第二。三班成绩从第三名升到第二名，他们 400 米赛跑得了第一。二班成绩最差，但他们在跳远比赛中获得了冠军。请用英语记录这次运动会，包含上达信息。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【思路点拨】 步骤 构思 列纲 1 学校运动会举办时间、结果 last week, successful 2 叙述运动会中取得的成绩，注意使用比较级和最高级 break the record, any other, long/high jump 3 表达对下次运动会的期待 look forward to ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life 提示：享受运动，享受生活。你喜欢运动吗？你享受过运动带来的乐趣吗？请以“Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你通过运动享受生活的经历，或谈谈运动给我们带来的好处。 要求：1.根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80个； 2.语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 3.文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计： 4.请将短文写在答题卡上，写在本试题卷上无效。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五．阅读拓展 一 Every student knows the importance of taking notes in class. But the skill of note-taking isn’t only used in school. Adults need to take 1 in meetings or training sessions for work. So here are some tips to help you develop this key skill. Begin with the date and the topic of the class. This may seem clear, but it’s easy to forget. It will help you keep your notes 2 . Focus on the most important points. Trying to write down everything the speaker says will only frustrate(使沮丧) you. 3 , listen for the key ideas the person wants to communicate. If the speaker uses a PowerPoint you may not need to copy the slides(幻灯). Ask if the PowerPoint will be available afterward. If so, you can pay attention to 4 the things the speaker says. Or you can take a picture with a phone. Meanwhile, the PowerPoint or a document(文件) with notes may be available before the class or meeting. If so, print it out so you can write notes on it. Think about 5 you want to take notes by hand or with a computer. Writing notes by hand has been shown to help you remember things better. But with a 6 , notes are easier to organize. Perhaps it’s best to combine the two methods. Write notes by hand first, and then type them up as part of your review. Think about different note-taking methods. If you’re a new learner, 7 drawing a chart or picture. Another method is to write an outline 8 facts described as examples. 9 your notes again after taking them. This will give you the chance to add any information that you didn’t write down. It’s best to do this as soon as possible so that you don’t forget anything. This extra review will also increase your chances of 10 what you wrote. Note-taking is a practical skill, so it’s important to practice doing it well. 1．A．photos B．steps C．risks D．notes 2．A．organized B．creative C．important D．similar 3．A．Still B．Even C．Instead D．Otherwise 4．A．writing B．reading C．watching D．checking 5．A．when B．whether C．how D．where 6．A．video B．television C．radio D．computer 7．A．stop B．finish C．consider D．miss 8．A．for B．with C．in D．beyond 9．A．Look through B．Look for C．Look after D．Look around 10．A．improving B．encouraging C．remembering D．allowing 二 Do you know what a resolution is? It’s a kind of promise. Most of the time, we make promises to other people.  (“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school. ”)  However, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans. There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, a student may have to find more time to study. Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them!There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions!How about you? The key to having successful new year’s resolutions, is to find resolutions that are good for us — in other words, resolutions that meet with our lifestyle and interests. Being honest with ourselves and what we want in life can go a long way towards achieving our resolutions. Whether you love setting new resolutions or you’re doing it for the first time, you will be sure to find a resolution that encourages you and make 2024 the best year. 1．When do people make a new year’s resolution? A．At the end of the year. B．In the middle of the year. C．At the beginning of the year. D．During the second month of the year. 2．Which one of the following is a resolution? A．I will learn a new skill in the coming new year. B．I promise, Mom, I will work hard this term. C．Trust me, Dad. I will learn to be brave. D．Miss Yang, you’ll see a better me next term. 3．Why do people make a new year’s resolution? A．To celebrate the new year. B．To be a better self. C．To remember the plan. D．To make parents happy. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the new year’s resolutions? A．Doubtful. B．Curious. C．Supportive. D．Worried. 三 Do you like beautiful scenery(风景)? Then you will love New Zealand. It is in the 1 (east)part of the Pacific Ocean, across the sea from its nearest neighbour, Australia. New Zealand has three official(官方的)languages—English, Maori and New Zealand Sign Language. English is the most 2 (wide)used language in this country. Maori 3 (teach)in some schools. New Zealand has two main islands, the North Island and the South Island. Wellington, the capital city, and Auckland, the country’s 4 (large)city, 5 (lie)on the North Island. Auckland is known as the “City of Sails” because many people in the city own sailing boats. The South Island is famous for its high mountains and beautiful Milford Sound. There are many 6 (attraction)for visitors on the two islands. Have you 7 (hear)of Sky Tower? It’s a 328-metre-tall tower on the North Island. You can climb to the top of it and enjoy the natural landscape. Travel south to Rotorua. There are natural hot springs(温泉)here, which are perfect for bathing and 8 (relax). On the South Island, you can visit Queenstown and enjoy different kinds of adventure activities. Take a trip to Milford Sound 9 (see)its high waterfalls pouring down the mountains. The scenery in New Zealand is amazing! If you’re travel lovers, New Zealand can always meet your 10 (need)! 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$