专题01 考点拓展1& 动词时态&写作指导（ 环境保护）-【寒假】2025年九年级英语寒假学习讲义（外研版）

专题01 考点拓展1& 动词时态&写作指导（ 环境保护） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 2 三．语法考点 5 四．写作考点 11 五．阅读拓展 13 一．词汇拓展 1.discuss v．讨论；谈→________ n．讨论；商讨 2．electricity n．电→________ adj.电子的 3．shine v．照耀→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)→________(现在分词) 4．reply v．回答；答复→________(第三人称单数)→________(过去式/过去分词) 5．found v．创立；创建→________ n．创立者，创办人 6．nine num.九→________(序数词)第九 7．twelve num.十二→________(序数词)第十二 8．speech n．演说；讲演→________(复数) 9．lay v．摆放(餐桌)→________(过去式/过去分词)→________(现在分词) 10．use v．使用→________ adj.有用的；有益的→________ adj.无用的→________ v．再次使用；重复利用 11．manage v．做成；(尤指)设法完成；管理；支配→________ n．管理；经营手段→________ n．经理 12．attend v．上(学)；出席，参加(事件或活动)→________n．出席，参加，到场 13．amazing adj.惊人的；极好的→________v．使吃惊 14．treat v．医治；治疗→________n．治疗(方法) 15．wound n．伤；伤口→________adj.受伤的 16．realise v．了解；意识到→________n．认识；领会 17．operation n．手术→________ v．手术 18．shut v．关上；合上→________(过去式/过去分词) 19．ring v．鸣响；发出铃声→________(过去式)→________(过去分词) 20．empty adj.空的→________(反义词)adj.满的；充满的 21．unable adj.不能做某事的→________(反义词)adj.能够……的 二．考点拓展 考点1 wonder的用法 Which two are natural wonders? 哪两个是自然奇观？ 1．If you take a boat along the river, you will have a ____________（wonder） experience. 2．我想知道哪架飞机能准时降落。 __________________________________________________ 3．长城是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。（one of） ______________________________________________________________________________ 考点2 though的用法 That sounds great, though I think Victoria Falls in Africa is even more fantastic. 那听起来很神奇，但我认为非洲的维多利亚瀑布更壮观。 1.____________________（连词） she is quite young, Xu has already climbed five mountains over 5,000 meters in China. 2.尽管电子产品被广泛使用，人们仍然需要纸质书。（even though） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点3 silent的用法 I looked over them, but it was silent and there was no sign of it. 我朝它们望过去，但是一片寂静，没有它的迹象。 1.Suddenly, the dogs became ________（silence） and ran around with their noses to the ground. 2.__________（silent）, Holmes took out a gold coin and threw it down in front of Breckinridge. 3.I thought about his words in ________（silent）. 考点4 辨析among与between It is a time for a special dinner among family and friends. 这是亲朋好友共享特殊晚餐的时刻。 among 强调在三者或三者以上之间，宾语常是表示笼统数量或有复数意义的名词或代词 between 强调在两者之间或多个对象的两两之间，可以与and搭配 注意 among还可用于引出形容词、副词最高级的比较范围。 1.Among them, the ______________（famous） one is about Qu Yuan, a well-known poet in ancient China. 2.Many bees and butterflies are flying ______ （在……之间） the beautiful flowers. 3.This has made traveling between villages ____ cities much easier. 考点5 辨析lay与lie We lay the table, and then before we begin dinner, my father gives thanks for the food, so we remember why we celebrate the festival. 我们摆好餐桌，然后在晚餐开始前，我的父亲向食物表示感谢，这样能让我们记住为什么庆祝这个节日。 词汇 词性 词义 常见搭配 lay v. 放置；安放 lay out 摆开；布置 v. 下（蛋）；产（卵） lay an egg下一个蛋 lie v. 说谎；撒谎 lie to sb.向某人说谎 v. 平躺；位于 lie down躺下;lie in 位于 n. 谎言 tell sb. a lie向某人说谎 1.On one visit， I carefully entered a dark room to find an elderly man ______（lie） in bed. I firstly thought he was sleeping. 2.The girl ____（lay） her books on the table after she came into her bedroom. 3.Instead, I went into the bedroom, ____（lie） down, and said, “Ian, come here. Let's play Humpty Dumpty.” 4.The boy ______ to his parents that he had ______ the wallet on the desk. A．lay;laid B．lied;laid C．lied;lay D．lay;lain 5.妈妈让我摆好桌子吃早饭。（tell sb. to do） ____________________________________________________________________ 综合小练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.They suggest cinemas organize family-only showings and keep them separate from those who want ________（silent） during the show. 2.I can't speak ________（clear） now. 3.According to a report by the United Nations, the world's population can ____（grow） to around 8.6 billion in 2030 and 9.8 billion in 2050. 4.Millie is interested in biology and she often records the ________（nature） beauty in the park. 5.—What did you do in class this morning, Sally? —We had a ____________（discuss） about Chinese culture. 6.We visited Dianchi Lake, watched the birds and went to the flower market. We had a really ____________（wonder） day. 二、翻译句子。 1．我想知道你今年暑假想做什么。（wonder） __________________________________________________________________ 2．我爸爸过去常常开车上班，但现在他坐公共汽车。（used to do） ________________________________________________________________________________ 3．广州夏天的雨水很充足。（plenty of） ______________________________________________________________ 4．这座塔高将近30米。（nearly） ________________________________________________________________________________ 5．我一看到她的背影，就认出是她。（as soon as） ________________________________________________________ 6．在他们中，有11位特殊参观者在网络上引起了极大关注。（among） ________________________________________________________________________________ 三．语法考点 动词的时态 一．一般现在时 基本结构 ①be动词形式;②实义动词形式 常见时 间状语 表频率的副词often、 always、 usually、 sometimes等;表频率的词(组)once (twice、 three times a day/week/...)等;every day (week, month, year...)、 on Sunday等常用词组 高频 考点 ①当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,其谓语动词也要变成第三人称单数,通常在词尾加-s或-es;②由that引导的宾语从句,若从句表达的是客观真理、客观事实或自然现象等,从句的时态不受主句时态的限制,仍用一般现在时。例如: My father goes to work by bike every day. 我爸爸每天骑自行车去上班。 My father told me that one and one is two. 我爸爸告诉我一加一等于二。 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词的变化形式 ①在动词原形后加-s。如:play/plays, like/likes, work/works... ②以s、 x、 o或ch、 sh结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。如:do/does, go/goes, teach/teaches, wash/washes... ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变“y”为“i”再加-es。如:carry/carries, study/studies... ④以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-s。如:stay/stays, play/plays 二．一般过去时 1.定义:一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 2.常见的时间状语:yesterday、 just now、 the day before yesterday、 ...ago、 last week(month, night, year...)、 one day、 long long ago、 once upon a time、 after+时间段、 in 1982、 the other day等。 3.高频考点:一般过去时与表示过去的时间状语连用,表示过去发生的动作;一般过去时与过去进行时的辨析。例如: —Where did you go just now? 刚才你去哪了? —I went to the park with my mother. 我和我妈妈去公园了。 I was doing homework at eight last night. 昨晚八点钟我正在做家庭作业。 4.动词过去式的规则变化。 一“直” 一般情况下,在动词原形末尾直接加-ed,如:play/played, look/looked... 二“去” 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉字母e,再加-ed,如:live/lived, use/used... 三“双” 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop/stopped, plan/planned... 四“改” 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先把“y”变为“i”再加-ed,如:study/studied, worry/worried... 5.不规则动词的过去式的构成。 (1)动词原形中的“i”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:begin/began, give/gave, ring/rang, sit/sat, drink/drank, swim/swam。 (2)动词原形中的开音节“i”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:write/wrote, drive/drove, ride/rode。 (3)动词原形中的“e”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:get/got, forget/forgot。 (4)动词原形中的“ee”变为“e”,构成过去式。如:meet/met, feed/fed。 (5)动词原形中的“eep”变为“ept”,构成过去式,可巧记为“加t去e”。如:keep/kept, sleep/slept, sweep/swept。 (6)动词原形中的“d”变为“t”,构成过去式,可巧记为“变d为t”。如:build/built, lend/lent, send/sent, spend/spent。 (7)动词原形中的“o”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:come/came, become/became。 (8)动词原形中的“an”变为“oo”,构成过去式。如:stand/stood, understand/understood。 (9)动词原形中的“ell”变为“old”,构成过去式。如:tell/told, sell/sold。 (10)动词原形中的“eak”变为“oke”,构成过去式。如:speak/spoke, break/broke。 (11)动词原形中的“aw/ow”变为“ew”,构成过去式。如:draw/drew, grow/grew, throw/threw, know/knew。 (12)以-ought, -aught结尾,构成过去式。如:think/thought, fight/fought, bring/brought, buy/bought, teach/taught, catch/caught。 (13)以字母t或d结尾的动词,其过去式与原形一样,可巧记为“六t二d”。如:put, let, hit, hurt, cost, cut, read, rid。 三．一般将来时 基本 结构 ①am/is/are going to +动词原形;②shall/will +动词原形;③be about to+动词原形;④be to+动词原形 时间 状语 tomorrow (morning...), the day after tomorrow, next day (month, week, summer...), soon, from now on, in + 时间段(如in a week, in three days...), after + 时间点等 高频 考点 ①when或if引导的状语从句,其主句常用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;②arrive、 come、 go、 leave、 start等少数动词的现在进行时并不表示正在进行的动作,而是表示将来的动作或表示近期安排好将进行的动作。例如: I am not going to watch TV this evening. I'm going to see the film instead. 今天晚上我不打算看电视,而是去看电影。 We are leaving for London tomorrow. 我们打算明天去伦敦。 四．现在进行时 1.基本结构:主语+be动词(is/am/are)+动词-ing形式。 2.用于现在进行时的时间状语:now、 at the moment、 at this time、 these days等,有时句首也会有“Look!”或“Listen!”等提示词。 3.高频考点:通过上下文的情境确定某一动作正在进行。例如: Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园里放风筝。 4.动词现在分词的变化规则。 直接在动词原形之后加-ing look/looking, think/ thinking, study/studying 以不发音的字母-e结尾的动词,去e再加-ing come/coming, take/taking, dance/dancing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing run/running,swim/swimming,shop/shopping,stop/stopping, begin/beginning 少数几个以-ie结尾的动词,要变ie为y,再加-ing die/dying, lie/lying, tie/tying 小贴士: 现在分词有规律,动词后面是-ing。遇到词尾哑音-e,去e再加-ing。一辅重读闭音节,双写之后添上去。-ie换y有几例,特殊词语特殊记。 五．过去进行时 基本结构 主语+was/were +doing 常见时 间状语 at 7 o'clock yesterday morning, at this time of yesterday, at that time, from 8 to 10 last night,等表示过去的比较具体的时间状语 高频考点 过去进行时常常与when或while引导的时间状语从句连用。while只能表示一段时间,其中从句的谓语动词应该是延续性动词;when既可表示一段时间,又可表示一个时间点。例如: The teacher came into the classroom when (while) we were drawing pictures.当我们在画画时,老师走进了教室。 六．现在完成时 表一: 基本结构 主语+have/has +done(动词的过去分词) 常见时 间状语 already, just, never, yet, before, so far, recently, lately, for + 时间段,since + 时间点,以及since引导的时间状语从句,等 高频考点 ①for与since作时间状语;②延续性动词与短暂性动词,短暂性动词(肯定式)表示的动作极其短暂,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,如for two years、 since five years ago、 since he came here等。但短暂性动词可转换成以下几种形式与一段时间连用:转换成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,如buy-have、 borrow-keep、 come(go)-be等;转换成“be+名词”的形式,如join the army-be a soldier、 join the party-be a party member;转换成“be+形容词(副词)”的形式,如die-be dead、 open-be open、 close-be closed、 fall asleep-be asleep、 leave-be away、 finish-be over等;转换成“be+介词短语”的形式,如join the army-be in the army、 go to school-be in school等。在使用英语时,为避免短暂性动词和时间段的冲突,可将“原句+for+时间段”改为“It is+时间段+since +原句”或将“原句+for+时间段”改为“原句+时间段+ago”;③对has (have) gone to、 has (have) been to和has (have) been in的考查。例如: A lot of new things have happened here since three years ago (不能使用since three years). 从三年前开始这里发生了许多新鲜事。 表二: have/has gone to, have/has been to 和have/has been in(at)的区别 have/has gone to “已经去某地了”(表示去了某地,现在人不在这儿),暗指“此刻已经在去某地的途中或已到达了某地” have/has been to “到过/去过某地”(表示过去/曾经去过某地,现在已经返回),常与once、 twice、 three times等词连用 have/has been in/at “在某地待了多久了”(强调过去到现在一直待在某地),常和how long一起构成“在某地待了多久”的疑问句,也常与since或for等引导的句子或短语连用。have/has been接大地点时常用介词in,接小地点时常用介词at 温馨提示 have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has been in(at) 三个词组后接副词(here、 there等)时,短语后均不带介词to。 1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如： We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。 2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。如： The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。 The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。 3.现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。如： The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。 4.现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for, since等引导的时间状语连用。如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。常见的变化有： 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy borrow open close begin/start come go finish die catch a cold put on get up wake up fall asleep lose join leave arrive/reach 如： 误:I’ve left this school for ten years. 正:I’ve been away from this school for ten years. 根据句意,用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.His father 　 　(drop) him off at the school gate and then drove to work.  2.—Why are you still waiting here? —Doctor Li promised to attend the party, but he 　 　(not appear) so far.  3.John 　 　(put) on five kilos since he gave up smoking.  4.The plane 　 　(take) off ten minutes ago.  5.When I saw Mr.Liu on the playground,he 　 　(teach) the boys to play football.  6.I can't remember what my hometown looked like.It 　 　(change) a lot.  7.Mom, I 　 　(finish) my homework.We can go shopping now.  8.Hurry up, please! Everyone 　 　(wait) for you.  9.She 　 　(talk) on the phone when I entered the office.  10.I 　 　(check) this mobile phone online.It is not worth buying.  11.China 　 　(have) three main types of tea: green tea, black tea and oolong tea.  12.—Peter, what are you doing? —Oh, I 　 　(write) a report about national heroes.  13.—Lily, what do you usually do after school? —I usually 　 　(do) exercise with my friends.  14.The Mid-Autumn Festival usually 　 　(come) on August 15th in the lunar calendar (阴历) every year.  15.—The Dragon Boat Festival is coming. What are you going to do that day? —I 　 　(visit) my grandparents in my home village.  16.Mother 　 　(give) me a nice present on my next birthday.  17.George walked into the room and 　 　(turn) on the light.  18.Look! The students 　 　(answer) the questions carefully.  19.If I'm available tomorrow afternoon, I 　 　(visit) the city museum with my brother.  20.Chairman Mao once 　 　(say) that women could hold up half the sky.  二．阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 A 　　A woman 1.　 　 (come) home to find her husband in the kitchen.He 2.　 　 (be) shaking wildly from side to side.Then the woman noticed that he 3.　 　 (be) standing with one hand on the cooker! Naturally she thought her husband 4.　 　 (have) touched the electricity.To pull him away from the cooker, she hit his arm with a piece of wood.“What did you 5.　 　 (do) that for?” he cried in pain.“I was making some tea, and dancing to rock music on my music player!”  B Fredette is a high school student.Every day she 1.　 　 (have) a lot of things to deal with (处理).Ten years ago she 2.　 　 (set) up her own organization, Beary Merry Christmas.Since then she 3.　 　 (have) volunteered to serve poor kids and families.Fredette and other volunteers 4.　 　 (have) already done many good and useful things.  Fredette has made future plans already.In the future,they will build a public food bank.They will 5.　 　 (provide) a self-development class for the students in her school who will soon go into college.  四．写作考点 环境保护 【写作任务】 为创建“绿色校园”，你校开展了一系列的活动。其中，英语俱乐部发起了以How to make our school greener为题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿。 【思路点拨】 1. 定基调 体裁：说明文 时态：以一般现在时为主 人称：以第一人称为主 2. 谋布局、写句子　　 3. 巧衔接 成文时，句与句之间若存在因果关系，可以使用表示原因的because和表示结果的so that将其连接。 4. 成篇章 How to make our school greener 　　 随着社会的发展,越来越多的人意识到保护环境的重要性,并且想要学习如何为环境保护做出自己的贡献。假如你们学校的公众号要征集宣传环保的发言稿,请你根据以下内容写一篇发言稿,向学校公众号投稿。 　　要点:如何保护环境和节约资源。 　　要求:语句连贯,词数80—100(作文的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。 Dear classmates, 　　With the development of society, more and more people have realized the importance of protecting the environment.   Actions speak louder than words. Let's take action now. 五．阅读拓展 一 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Have you ever bought anything that you can’t touch and see? Nowadays, virtual (虚拟的) products have become a rising trend (潮流) . Two months ago, the topic of “Have you bought virtual mosquitoes (蚊子) for your friends” started a 1 on Weibo. If you buy virtual mosquitoes for your friend, someone will add your friend on WeChat and buzz (嗡嗡叫) to him by word 2 for fun. This is just one of the 3 of virtual products. There is also a virtual tree hole. This means that you can 4 for someone to listen to you talking about your life. Virtual supervision  (监督) means you need someone to keep an eye on you if you can’t study or read carefully. The price is usually from 10 yuan to several hundred yuan, depending on different 5 . Under the increasing stress of studying, working and relationships, more people want to find ways to lower their stress and keep 6 happy. Some secrets can’t be 7 with family and friends. Talking to strangers is a better way. They are more objective (客观的) to look at your problems. It’s also less trouble for family members and friends 8 they are always busy. 9 , the experience isn’t always good. You may meet a tree hole that doesn’t pay much attention to your problems. It’s just a matter of luck. Sometimes you happen to talk to someone really patient, while sometimes you meet someone who ends up making you feel even 10 . Buying virtual products shows young people’s emotional (情感的) needs. There’s also a risk that they may trust strangers more when they are down. It’s still important to think about how safe this virtual service is, especially when it asks for more money. 1．A．conclusion B．discussion C．celebration D．decision 2．A．highly B．seriously C．terribly D．simply 3．A．examples B．advantages C．instructions D．achievements 4．A．ask B．vote C．pay D．thank 5．A．colours B．prizes C．sizes D．needs 6．A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．himself 7．A．matched B．connected C．shared D．complained 8．A．because B．so C．though D．but 9．A．Otherwise B．However C．Instead D．Besides 10．A．wiser B．sillier C．better D．worse 二 Zibo city in Shandong province has stormed the Internet since late February for its local barbecue. In March, the small city received about 4.8 million tourists. It is certainly not the only city that offers barbecue, or even the most famous one, but its seemingly sudden fame was steps in the making. Zhou Mao song, president of the Zibo Tourism Promotion Association said the popularity started from the crowd-gathering effect of cultural and tourism activities including a music festival. Then famous people tasted the barbecue and put their experiences online attracting young people, which led to a wave of students from neighbouring cities visiting Zibo. What better way to lure adventurous and hungry college students other than “tasty barbecue that makes you full within only 50 yuan!” However, Zibo did not fall into the trap (陷阱) of easy fame that dies fast where sellers cheat buyers on price and quality for the most profit (盈利) in the shortest time. A blogger on Douyin took an electronic scale (电子秤) to ten barbecue stands in Ziboto test if he would be offered less food. It turned out that not a single one was caught short of weight and some owners even offered him local snacks for free. Local people’s honest and friendly behaviour touched even more people online and again lifted the city’s popularity. Zibo’s successful story has inspired governments in other parts of the country to find their ways of supporting local businesses. 1．What does the underlined word “lure” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Organize. B．Challenge C．Follow. D．Attract. 2．What are the other reasons for Zibo’s popularity besides the crowd-gathering effect? ①Famous people’s recommendation.          ②Barbecue at low prices. ③Support from neighbouring cities.           ④Local people’s kindness. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 3．How would the blogger on Douyin feel after testing ten barbecue stands? A．Relaxed and pleased B．Surprised and moved. C．Nervous and helpless D．Disappointed and bored. 4．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A science fiction. B．A travel guide. C．A food advertisement. D．A news report. 三 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 School is a place where you learn to get on well with people, but this is not always easy. What can you do if you just 1 (like) one of your classmates? If you discover you have problems 2 getting on with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance (宽容). Tolerance is the ability of 3 (realize) and respecting the differences in others. We can not change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them. Getting to know someone may help you understand 4 they do things differently. Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance doesn’t require us to accept the opinions of others 5 (complete). Tolerance teaches us 6 (keep) an open mind. There is 7 old saying, “Treat others how you want to be treated”. If you tolerate something,it does not mean that you have to like it. Tolerance just 8 (mean) that you should respect the differences in others. Tolerance is necessary at school, sometimes other people may hurt you by accident, don’t be mad, just forgive them. What’s more, if you can help others with 9 (please), everybody will like to be with you. It is important to practice tolerance, because tolerance will make it much 10 (easy) to get on well with each other. 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 考点拓展1& 动词时态&写作指导（ 环境保护） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 2 三．语法考点 5 四．写作考点 11 五．阅读拓展 13 一．词汇拓展 1.discuss v．讨论；谈→________ n．讨论；商讨 2．electricity n．电→________ adj.电子的 3．shine v．照耀→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)→________(现在分词) 4．reply v．回答；答复→________(第三人称单数)→________(过去式/过去分词) 5．found v．创立；创建→________ n．创立者，创办人 6．nine num.九→________(序数词)第九 7．twelve num.十二→________(序数词)第十二 8．speech n．演说；讲演→________(复数) 9．lay v．摆放(餐桌)→________(过去式/过去分词)→________(现在分词) 10．use v．使用→________ adj.有用的；有益的→________ adj.无用的→________ v．再次使用；重复利用 11．manage v．做成；(尤指)设法完成；管理；支配→________ n．管理；经营手段→________ n．经理 12．attend v．上(学)；出席，参加(事件或活动)→________n．出席，参加，到场 13．amazing adj.惊人的；极好的→________v．使吃惊 14．treat v．医治；治疗→________n．治疗(方法) 15．wound n．伤；伤口→________adj.受伤的 16．realise v．了解；意识到→________n．认识；领会 17．operation n．手术→________ v．手术 18．shut v．关上；合上→________(过去式/过去分词) 19．ring v．鸣响；发出铃声→________(过去式)→________(过去分词) 20．empty adj.空的→________(反义词)adj.满的；充满的 21．unable adj.不能做某事的→________(反义词)adj.能够……的 1．discussion　2.electronic　3.shone/shined　shone/shined shining　4.replies　replied　5.founder　6.ninth　7.twelfth 8．speeches　9.laid　laying　10.useful　useless　reuse 11．management　manager　12.attendance　13.amaze 14．treatment　15.wounded　16.realisation 17．operate　18.shut　19.rang　rung 20.full　21.able 二．考点拓展 考点1 wonder的用法 Which two are natural wonders? 哪两个是自然奇观？ 1．If you take a boat along the river, you will have a ____________（wonder） experience. 2．我想知道哪架飞机能准时降落。 __________________________________________________ 3．长城是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。（one of） ______________________________________________________________________________ 1．wonderful 2．I wonder which plane can land on time. 3．The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders of the world. 考点2 though的用法 That sounds great, though I think Victoria Falls in Africa is even more fantastic. 那听起来很神奇，但我认为非洲的维多利亚瀑布更壮观。 1.____________________（连词） she is quite young, Xu has already climbed five mountains over 5,000 meters in China. 2.尽管电子产品被广泛使用，人们仍然需要纸质书。（even though） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．Though/Although 2．Even though electronic products are widely used, people still need paper books./Even though electronic products are widely used, paper books are still needed by people. 考点3 silent的用法 I looked over them, but it was silent and there was no sign of it. 我朝它们望过去，但是一片寂静，没有它的迹象。 1.Suddenly, the dogs became ________（silence） and ran around with their noses to the ground. 2.__________（silent）, Holmes took out a gold coin and threw it down in front of Breckinridge. 3.I thought about his words in ________（silent）. 1.silent2.Silently3.silence 考点4 辨析among与between It is a time for a special dinner among family and friends. 这是亲朋好友共享特殊晚餐的时刻。 among 强调在三者或三者以上之间，宾语常是表示笼统数量或有复数意义的名词或代词 between 强调在两者之间或多个对象的两两之间，可以与and搭配 注意 among还可用于引出形容词、副词最高级的比较范围。 1.Among them, the ______________（famous） one is about Qu Yuan, a well-known poet in ancient China. 2.Many bees and butterflies are flying ______ （在……之间） the beautiful flowers. 3.This has made traveling between villages ____ cities much easier. 1.most famous2.among3.and 考点5 辨析lay与lie We lay the table, and then before we begin dinner, my father gives thanks for the food, so we remember why we celebrate the festival. 我们摆好餐桌，然后在晚餐开始前，我的父亲向食物表示感谢，这样能让我们记住为什么庆祝这个节日。 词汇 词性 词义 常见搭配 lay v. 放置；安放 lay out 摆开；布置 v. 下（蛋）；产（卵） lay an egg下一个蛋 lie v. 说谎；撒谎 lie to sb.向某人说谎 v. 平躺；位于 lie down躺下;lie in 位于 n. 谎言 tell sb. a lie向某人说谎 1.On one visit， I carefully entered a dark room to find an elderly man ______（lie） in bed. I firstly thought he was sleeping. 2.The girl ____（lay） her books on the table after she came into her bedroom. 3.Instead, I went into the bedroom, ____（lie） down, and said, “Ian, come here. Let's play Humpty Dumpty.” 4.The boy ______ to his parents that he had ______ the wallet on the desk. A．lay;laid B．lied;laid C．lied;lay D．lay;lain 5.妈妈让我摆好桌子吃早饭。（tell sb. to do） ____________________________________________________________________ 1．lying2．laid3．lay4．B5．Mother told/tells me to lay the table for breakfast. 综合小练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.They suggest cinemas organize family-only showings and keep them separate from those who want ________（silent） during the show. 2.I can't speak ________（clear） now. 3.According to a report by the United Nations, the world's population can ____（grow） to around 8.6 billion in 2030 and 9.8 billion in 2050. 4.Millie is interested in biology and she often records the ________（nature） beauty in the park. 5.—What did you do in class this morning, Sally? —We had a ____________（discuss） about Chinese culture. 6.We visited Dianchi Lake, watched the birds and went to the flower market. We had a really ____________（wonder） day. 1．silence2．clearly3．grow4．natural5．discussion6．wonderful 二、翻译句子。 1．我想知道你今年暑假想做什么。（wonder） __________________________________________________________________ 2．我爸爸过去常常开车上班，但现在他坐公共汽车。（used to do） ________________________________________________________________________________3．广州夏天的雨水很充足。（plenty of） ______________________________________________________________ 4．这座塔高将近30米。（nearly） ________________________________________________________________________________5．我一看到她的背影，就认出是她。（as soon as） ________________________________________________________ 6．在他们中，有11位特殊参观者在网络上引起了极大关注。（among） ________________________________________________________________________________ 1．I wonder what you want to do this summer vacation. 2．My father/dad used to go to work by car, but now he takes the bus.或My father/dad used to drive to work, but now he takes the bus. 3．There is plenty of rain in Guangzhou in summer. 4．The tower is nearly 30 metres in height./The height of the tower is nearly 30 metres. 5．I recognized her as soon as I saw her back. 6．Among them, 11 special visitors got/attracted a lot of attention on the Internet. 三．语法考点 动词的时态 一．一般现在时 基本结构 ①be动词形式;②实义动词形式 常见时 间状语 表频率的副词often、 always、 usually、 sometimes等;表频率的词(组)once (twice、 three times a day/week/...)等;every day (week, month, year...)、 on Sunday等常用词组 高频 考点 ①当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,其谓语动词也要变成第三人称单数,通常在词尾加-s或-es;②由that引导的宾语从句,若从句表达的是客观真理、客观事实或自然现象等,从句的时态不受主句时态的限制,仍用一般现在时。例如: My father goes to work by bike every day. 我爸爸每天骑自行车去上班。 My father told me that one and one is two. 我爸爸告诉我一加一等于二。 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词的变化形式 ①在动词原形后加-s。如:play/plays, like/likes, work/works... ②以s、 x、 o或ch、 sh结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。如:do/does, go/goes, teach/teaches, wash/washes... ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变“y”为“i”再加-es。如:carry/carries, study/studies... ④以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-s。如:stay/stays, play/plays 二．一般过去时 1.定义:一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 2.常见的时间状语:yesterday、 just now、 the day before yesterday、 ...ago、 last week(month, night, year...)、 one day、 long long ago、 once upon a time、 after+时间段、 in 1982、 the other day等。 3.高频考点:一般过去时与表示过去的时间状语连用,表示过去发生的动作;一般过去时与过去进行时的辨析。例如: —Where did you go just now? 刚才你去哪了? —I went to the park with my mother. 我和我妈妈去公园了。 I was doing homework at eight last night. 昨晚八点钟我正在做家庭作业。 4.动词过去式的规则变化。 一“直” 一般情况下,在动词原形末尾直接加-ed,如:play/played, look/looked... 二“去” 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉字母e,再加-ed,如:live/lived, use/used... 三“双” 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop/stopped, plan/planned... 四“改” 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先把“y”变为“i”再加-ed,如:study/studied, worry/worried... 5.不规则动词的过去式的构成。 (1)动词原形中的“i”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:begin/began, give/gave, ring/rang, sit/sat, drink/drank, swim/swam。 (2)动词原形中的开音节“i”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:write/wrote, drive/drove, ride/rode。 (3)动词原形中的“e”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:get/got, forget/forgot。 (4)动词原形中的“ee”变为“e”,构成过去式。如:meet/met, feed/fed。 (5)动词原形中的“eep”变为“ept”,构成过去式,可巧记为“加t去e”。如:keep/kept, sleep/slept, sweep/swept。 (6)动词原形中的“d”变为“t”,构成过去式,可巧记为“变d为t”。如:build/built, lend/lent, send/sent, spend/spent。 (7)动词原形中的“o”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:come/came, become/became。 (8)动词原形中的“an”变为“oo”,构成过去式。如:stand/stood, understand/understood。 (9)动词原形中的“ell”变为“old”,构成过去式。如:tell/told, sell/sold。 (10)动词原形中的“eak”变为“oke”,构成过去式。如:speak/spoke, break/broke。 (11)动词原形中的“aw/ow”变为“ew”,构成过去式。如:draw/drew, grow/grew, throw/threw, know/knew。 (12)以-ought, -aught结尾,构成过去式。如:think/thought, fight/fought, bring/brought, buy/bought, teach/taught, catch/caught。 (13)以字母t或d结尾的动词,其过去式与原形一样,可巧记为“六t二d”。如:put, let, hit, hurt, cost, cut, read, rid。 三．一般将来时 基本 结构 ①am/is/are going to +动词原形;②shall/will +动词原形;③be about to+动词原形;④be to+动词原形 时间 状语 tomorrow (morning...), the day after tomorrow, next day (month, week, summer...), soon, from now on, in + 时间段(如in a week, in three days...), after + 时间点等 高频 考点 ①when或if引导的状语从句,其主句常用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;②arrive、 come、 go、 leave、 start等少数动词的现在进行时并不表示正在进行的动作,而是表示将来的动作或表示近期安排好将进行的动作。例如: I am not going to watch TV this evening. I'm going to see the film instead. 今天晚上我不打算看电视,而是去看电影。 We are leaving for London tomorrow. 我们打算明天去伦敦。 四．现在进行时 1.基本结构:主语+be动词(is/am/are)+动词-ing形式。 2.用于现在进行时的时间状语:now、 at the moment、 at this time、 these days等,有时句首也会有“Look!”或“Listen!”等提示词。 3.高频考点:通过上下文的情境确定某一动作正在进行。例如: Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园里放风筝。 4.动词现在分词的变化规则。 直接在动词原形之后加-ing look/looking, think/ thinking, study/studying 以不发音的字母-e结尾的动词,去e再加-ing come/coming, take/taking, dance/dancing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing run/running,swim/swimming,shop/shopping,stop/stopping, begin/beginning 少数几个以-ie结尾的动词,要变ie为y,再加-ing die/dying, lie/lying, tie/tying 小贴士: 现在分词有规律,动词后面是-ing。遇到词尾哑音-e,去e再加-ing。一辅重读闭音节,双写之后添上去。-ie换y有几例,特殊词语特殊记。 五．过去进行时 基本结构 主语+was/were +doing 常见时 间状语 at 7 o'clock yesterday morning, at this time of yesterday, at that time, from 8 to 10 last night,等表示过去的比较具体的时间状语 高频考点 过去进行时常常与when或while引导的时间状语从句连用。while只能表示一段时间,其中从句的谓语动词应该是延续性动词;when既可表示一段时间,又可表示一个时间点。例如: The teacher came into the classroom when (while) we were drawing pictures.当我们在画画时,老师走进了教室。 六．现在完成时 表一: 基本结构 主语+have/has +done(动词的过去分词) 常见时 间状语 already, just, never, yet, before, so far, recently, lately, for + 时间段,since + 时间点,以及since引导的时间状语从句,等 高频考点 ①for与since作时间状语;②延续性动词与短暂性动词,短暂性动词(肯定式)表示的动作极其短暂,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,如for two years、 since five years ago、 since he came here等。但短暂性动词可转换成以下几种形式与一段时间连用:转换成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,如buy-have、 borrow-keep、 come(go)-be等;转换成“be+名词”的形式,如join the army-be a soldier、 join the party-be a party member;转换成“be+形容词(副词)”的形式,如die-be dead、 open-be open、 close-be closed、 fall asleep-be asleep、 leave-be away、 finish-be over等;转换成“be+介词短语”的形式,如join the army-be in the army、 go to school-be in school等。在使用英语时,为避免短暂性动词和时间段的冲突,可将“原句+for+时间段”改为“It is+时间段+since +原句”或将“原句+for+时间段”改为“原句+时间段+ago”;③对has (have) gone to、 has (have) been to和has (have) been in的考查。例如: A lot of new things have happened here since three years ago (不能使用since three years). 从三年前开始这里发生了许多新鲜事。 表二: have/has gone to, have/has been to 和have/has been in(at)的区别 have/has gone to “已经去某地了”(表示去了某地,现在人不在这儿),暗指“此刻已经在去某地的途中或已到达了某地” have/has been to “到过/去过某地”(表示过去/曾经去过某地,现在已经返回),常与once、 twice、 three times等词连用 have/has been in/at “在某地待了多久了”(强调过去到现在一直待在某地),常和how long一起构成“在某地待了多久”的疑问句,也常与since或for等引导的句子或短语连用。have/has been接大地点时常用介词in,接小地点时常用介词at 温馨提示 have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has been in(at) 三个词组后接副词(here、 there等)时,短语后均不带介词to。 1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如： We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。 2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。如： The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。 The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。 3.现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。如： The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。 4.现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for, since等引导的时间状语连用。如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。常见的变化有： 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep open be open close Be closed begin/start be on come be here go be there finish be over die be dead catch a cold have a cold put on wear get up be up wake up awake fall asleep be asleep lose not have join be in leave be away arrive/reach be 如： 误:I’ve left this school for ten years. 正:I’ve been away from this school for ten years. 根据句意,用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.His father 　 　(drop) him off at the school gate and then drove to work.  2.—Why are you still waiting here? —Doctor Li promised to attend the party, but he 　 　(not appear) so far.  3.John 　 　(put) on five kilos since he gave up smoking.  4.The plane 　 　(take) off ten minutes ago.  5.When I saw Mr.Liu on the playground,he 　 　(teach) the boys to play football.  6.I can't remember what my hometown looked like.It 　 　(change) a lot.  7.Mom, I 　 　(finish) my homework.We can go shopping now.  8.Hurry up, please! Everyone 　 　(wait) for you.  9.She 　 　(talk) on the phone when I entered the office.  10.I 　 　(check) this mobile phone online.It is not worth buying.  11.China 　 　(have) three main types of tea: green tea, black tea and oolong tea.  12.—Peter, what are you doing? —Oh, I 　 　(write) a report about national heroes.  13.—Lily, what do you usually do after school? —I usually 　 　(do) exercise with my friends.  14.The Mid-Autumn Festival usually 　 　(come) on August 15th in the lunar calendar (阴历) every year.  15.—The Dragon Boat Festival is coming. What are you going to do that day? —I 　 　(visit) my grandparents in my home village.  16.Mother 　 　(give) me a nice present on my next birthday.  17.George walked into the room and 　 　(turn) on the light.  18.Look! The students 　 　(answer) the questions carefully.  19.If I'm available tomorrow afternoon, I 　 　(visit) the city museum with my brother.  20.Chairman Mao once 　 　(say) that women could hold up half the sky.  【答案】1.dropped　2.hasn't appeared 　3.has put 　4.took　5.was teaching　6.has changed 　7.have finished 　8.is waiting　9.was talking　10.have checked　11.has　12.am writing　13.do　14.comes　15.am going to visit　16.will/is going to give　17.turned　18.are answering　19.will visit　20.said 二．阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 A 　　A woman 1.　 　 (come) home to find her husband in the kitchen.He 2.　 　 (be) shaking wildly from side to side.Then the woman noticed that he 3.　 　 (be) standing with one hand on the cooker! Naturally she thought her husband 4.　 　 (have) touched the electricity.To pull him away from the cooker, she hit his arm with a piece of wood.“What did you 5.　 　 (do) that for?” he cried in pain.“I was making some tea, and dancing to rock music on my music player!”  1.came　2.was　3.was　4.had　5.do B Fredette is a high school student.Every day she 1.　 　 (have) a lot of things to deal with (处理).Ten years ago she 2.　 　 (set) up her own organization, Beary Merry Christmas.Since then she 3.　 　 (have) volunteered to serve poor kids and families.Fredette and other volunteers 4.　 　 (have) already done many good and useful things.  Fredette has made future plans already.In the future,they will build a public food bank.They will 5.　 　 (provide) a self-development class for the students in her school who will soon go into college.  1.has　2.set　3.has　4.have　5.provide 四．写作考点 环境保护 【写作任务】 为创建“绿色校园”，你校开展了一系列的活动。其中，英语俱乐部发起了以How to make our school greener为题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿。 【思路点拨】 1. 定基调 体裁：说明文 时态：以一般现在时为主 人称：以第一人称为主 2. 谋布局、写句子　　 3. 巧衔接 成文时，句与句之间若存在因果关系，可以使用表示原因的because和表示结果的so that将其连接。 4. 成篇章 How to make our school greener 答案 2. 谋布局、写句子 (1) is harmful to our environment (2) We can divide rubbish into (3) will become more beautiful (4) Turn off the lights (5) reduce pollution 4. 成篇章 How to make our school greener To make our school greener, we can do many things. We shouldn’t throw rubbish on the ground because it is harmful to our environment. We can divide rubbish into things to recycle and things to throw away. We can plant more trees and flowers around our school so that it will become more beautiful. Turn off the lights when we leave a room so that we can save money and reduce pollution. If we each try our best to protect the environment, our school will become greener. 　　 随着社会的发展,越来越多的人意识到保护环境的重要性,并且想要学习如何为环境保护做出自己的贡献。假如你们学校的公众号要征集宣传环保的发言稿,请你根据以下内容写一篇发言稿,向学校公众号投稿。 　　要点:如何保护环境和节约资源。 　　要求:语句连贯,词数80—100(作文的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。 Dear classmates, 　　With the development of society, more and more people have realized the importance of protecting the environment.   Actions speak louder than words. Let's take action now. Dear classmates, 　　With the development of society, more and more people have realized the importance of protecting the environment. As students, what can we do for the environment? 　　First, we can use both sides of a piece of paper. The less paper we use, the fewer trees will be cut down. Second, we should recycle things like old books and clothes by giving them to people who need them or having a yard sale to sell them. Third, in order to save electricity, we should turn off the lights or air conditioners when we don't use them. Fourth, we should plant more trees to make the world a greener place. Besides, it will be better if we walk or ride bikes to school.  　　Actions speak louder than words. Let's take action now. 五．阅读拓展 一 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Have you ever bought anything that you can’t touch and see? Nowadays, virtual (虚拟的) products have become a rising trend (潮流) . Two months ago, the topic of “Have you bought virtual mosquitoes (蚊子) for your friends” started a 1 on Weibo. If you buy virtual mosquitoes for your friend, someone will add your friend on WeChat and buzz (嗡嗡叫) to him by word 2 for fun. This is just one of the 3 of virtual products. There is also a virtual tree hole. This means that you can 4 for someone to listen to you talking about your life. Virtual supervision  (监督) means you need someone to keep an eye on you if you can’t study or read carefully. The price is usually from 10 yuan to several hundred yuan, depending on different 5 . Under the increasing stress of studying, working and relationships, more people want to find ways to lower their stress and keep 6 happy. Some secrets can’t be 7 with family and friends. Talking to strangers is a better way. They are more objective (客观的) to look at your problems. It’s also less trouble for family members and friends 8 they are always busy. 9 , the experience isn’t always good. You may meet a tree hole that doesn’t pay much attention to your problems. It’s just a matter of luck. Sometimes you happen to talk to someone really patient, while sometimes you meet someone who ends up making you feel even 10 . Buying virtual products shows young people’s emotional (情感的) needs. There’s also a risk that they may trust strangers more when they are down. It’s still important to think about how safe this virtual service is, especially when it asks for more money. 1．A．conclusion B．discussion C．celebration D．decision 2．A．highly B．seriously C．terribly D．simply 3．A．examples B．advantages C．instructions D．achievements 4．A．ask B．vote C．pay D．thank 5．A．colours B．prizes C．sizes D．needs 6．A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．himself 7．A．matched B．connected C．shared D．complained 8．A．because B．so C．though D．but 9．A．Otherwise B．However C．Instead D．Besides 10．A．wiser B．sillier C．better D．worse 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了虚拟产品的兴起以及人们在虚拟平台上寻求情感支持的现象。通过虚拟商品，尤其是虚拟蚊子、树洞等，人们可以以一种有趣和轻松的方式寻求情感释放和陪伴。 1．句意：两个月前，关于“你给朋友买了虚拟蚊子吗？”的话题在微博上引发了一场讨论。 conclusion 结论；discussion 讨论；celebration 庆祝；decision 决定。根据“the topic of ‘Have you bought virtual mosquitoes (蚊子)for your friends’” 可知这是关于某方面一个话题，故展开的是讨论。故选B。 2．句意：如果你为朋友买了虚拟蚊子，会有人在微信上添加你的朋友，并用文字简单地“嗡嗡叫”来逗乐。 highly 高度地；seriously 严重地；terribly 可怕地；simply 简单地。根据“buzz (嗡嗡叫)”可知这里描述的逗乐方式十分简单，故选D。 3．句意：这只是虚拟产品的一些例子当中的一个。 examples 例子；advantages 优势；instructions 指令；achievements 成就。这里承接上文，上一段中提到的虚拟产品是其中的一个例子，故选A。 4．句意：这意味着你可以付钱让别人倾听你倾诉生活。 ask 请求；vote 投票；pay 支付；thank 感谢。根据第一段中“If you buy virtual mosquitoes for your friend,”可知虚拟产品需要付费，故“虚拟树洞”也需要付费，故选C。 5．句意：价格通常从10元到几百元不等，具体取决于不同的需求。 colours 颜色；prizes 奖品；sizes 尺寸；needs 需求。根据“Virtual supervision （监督）means you need someone to keep an eye on you if you can’t study or read carefully.”可知，虚拟产品能按要求做一些事，虚拟产品的价格与“需求”相关，故选D。 6．句意：在学习、工作和人际关系压力越来越大的情况下，越来越多的人希望找到方法来减轻压力并保持自己快乐。 themselves 自己；ourselves 我们自己；itself 它自己；himself 他自己。此处指的是“自己”，并且主语是people，所以用themselves，故选A。 7．句意：一些秘密不能与家人和朋友分享。 matched 配对；connected 连接；shared 分享；complained 抱怨。根据后文“Talking to strangers is a better way.”可知这是与别人分享心里的秘密。因此此句的意思是不与家里人和朋友分享。故选C。 8．句意：对于家人和朋友来说，谈论这些问题没有那么麻烦，因为他们总是很忙。 because 因为；so 所以；though 尽管；but 但是。此处表因果关系，空后表原因，所以用because连接，故选A。 9．句意：然而，体验并不总是好的。 Otherwise 否则；However 然而；Instead 代替；Besides 此外。根据后文“the experience isn’t always good.”及上文可知，后文是介绍不好的体验，与空前在句意上是转折关系，此处表示转折，“然而”符合语境，故选B。 10．句意：有时你碰巧遇到一个非常耐心的人，而有时你会遇到让你感到更糟的人。 wiser 更聪明；sillier 更傻；better 更好；worse 更糟。根据“while”可知后句意思表转折，表明后面的句子与前面的句子意思相反，有可能会感到“更糟”，故选D。 二 Zibo city in Shandong province has stormed the Internet since late February for its local barbecue. In March, the small city received about 4.8 million tourists. It is certainly not the only city that offers barbecue, or even the most famous one, but its seemingly sudden fame was steps in the making. Zhou Mao song, president of the Zibo Tourism Promotion Association said the popularity started from the crowd-gathering effect of cultural and tourism activities including a music festival. Then famous people tasted the barbecue and put their experiences online attracting young people, which led to a wave of students from neighbouring cities visiting Zibo. What better way to lure adventurous and hungry college students other than “tasty barbecue that makes you full within only 50 yuan!” However, Zibo did not fall into the trap (陷阱) of easy fame that dies fast where sellers cheat buyers on price and quality for the most profit (盈利) in the shortest time. A blogger on Douyin took an electronic scale (电子秤) to ten barbecue stands in Ziboto test if he would be offered less food. It turned out that not a single one was caught short of weight and some owners even offered him local snacks for free. Local people’s honest and friendly behaviour touched even more people online and again lifted the city’s popularity. Zibo’s successful story has inspired governments in other parts of the country to find their ways of supporting local businesses. 1．What does the underlined word “lure” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Organize. B．Challenge C．Follow. D．Attract. 2．What are the other reasons for Zibo’s popularity besides the crowd-gathering effect? ①Famous people’s recommendation.          ②Barbecue at low prices. ③Support from neighbouring cities.           ④Local people’s kindness. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 3．How would the blogger on Douyin feel after testing ten barbecue stands? A．Relaxed and pleased B．Surprised and moved. C．Nervous and helpless D．Disappointed and bored. 4．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A science fiction. B．A travel guide. C．A food advertisement. D．A news report. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了山东淄博市因当地的烧烤而出名，淄博的人气源于包括音乐节在内的文化和旅游活动的人群聚集效应。淄博的成功故事激励了全国其他地区的政府寻找支持当地企业的方式。 1．词义猜测题。根据“Then famous people tasted the barbecue and put their experiences online attracting young people, which led to a wave of students from neighbouring cities visiting Zibo.”可知，此处表示吸引爱冒险又饿肚子的大学生，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Then famous people tasted the barbecue and put their experiences online attracting young people, which led to a wave of students from neighbouring cities visiting Zibo.”和“However, Zibo did not fall into the trap (陷阱) of easy fame that dies fast where sellers cheat buyers on price and quality for the most profit (盈利) in the shortest time.”和“Local people’s honest and friendly behaviour touched even more people online and again lifted the city’s popularity.”可知，除了人群聚集效应，淄博受欢迎的其他原因有：名人推荐，烧烤价格低廉，当地人的善良。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“A blogger on Douyin took an electronic scale (电子秤) to ten barbecue stands in Ziboto test if he would be offered less food. It turned out that not a single one was caught short of weight and some owners even offered him local snacks for free. Local people’s honest and friendly behaviour touched even more people online and again lifted the city’s popularity.”可知，抖音上的博主在尝了十家烧烤摊后，没有一个摊位被发现重量不足，一些主人甚至免费为它提供当地小吃，他感到惊讶和感动，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Zibo city in Shandong province has stormed the Internet since late February for its local barbecue.”可知，本文介绍了山东淄博市因当地的烧烤而冲入互联网，因此摘自一篇新闻报道。故选D。 三 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 School is a place where you learn to get on well with people, but this is not always easy. What can you do if you just 1 (like) one of your classmates? If you discover you have problems 2 getting on with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance (宽容). Tolerance is the ability of 3 (realize) and respecting the differences in others. We can not change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them. Getting to know someone may help you understand 4 they do things differently. Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance doesn’t require us to accept the opinions of others 5 (complete). Tolerance teaches us 6 (keep) an open mind. There is 7 old saying, “Treat others how you want to be treated”. If you tolerate something,it does not mean that you have to like it. Tolerance just 8 (mean) that you should respect the differences in others. Tolerance is necessary at school, sometimes other people may hurt you by accident, don’t be mad, just forgive them. What’s more, if you can help others with 9 (please), everybody will like to be with you. It is important to practice tolerance, because tolerance will make it much 10 (easy) to get on well with each other. 【答案】1．dislike 2．in 3．realizing 4．why 5．completely 6．to keep 7．an 8．means 9．pleasure 10．easier 【导语】本文主要讲述了如果你发现你与同学或朋友相处有问题，最重要的是学会宽容。接着介绍了宽容的重要性。 1．句意：如果你只是不喜欢你的一个同学你能做什么？根据“What can you do if you just...one of your classmates?”可知，此处表示“不喜欢”，like“喜欢”，反义词为dislike；主语是“you”，时态是一般现在时，因此动词用原形。故填dislike。 2．句意：如果你发现你与同学或朋友相处有问题，最重要的是学会宽容。have problems in doing sth.“做某事有困难”，故填in。 3．句意：宽容是一种意识到并尊重他人差异的能力。“of”是介词，后接动名词，realize“意识到”，动名词形式为realizing。故填realizing。 4．句意：了解某人可能会帮助您理解为什么他们做事的方式不同。根据“Getting to know someone may help you understand...they do things differently.”可知，此处表示“了解某人有帮助的原因”，why“为什么”，故填why。 5．句意：宽容并不要求我们完全接受他人的意见。此处修饰动词“accept”，需用副词；complete是形容词，意思是“完全的”，副词是completely，意思是“完全地”，故填completely。 6．句意：宽容教会我们保持开放的心态。teach sb. to do sth.“教某人做某事”，所以此空填动词不定式；keep是动词，意思是“保持”，动词不定式形式为to keep。故填to keep。 7．句意：有句老话说：“己所不欲，勿施于人。” saying是可数名词，意思是“谚语”，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词；old是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an，故填an。 8．句意：宽容只是意味着你应该尊重他人的差异。mean是动词，意思是“意味着”，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，因此动词用第三人称单数形式，故填means。 9．句意：更重要的是，如果你能帮助别人快乐，每个人都会喜欢和你在一起。此处作介词with的宾语，需用名词，please是动词，意思是“使高兴”，名词是pleasure，意思是“快乐”，是不可数名词，故填pleasure。 10．句意：宽容是很重要的，因为宽容会让你更容易与人相处。根据“make it much...to”可知，此处考查make it + adj to do sth.“使得做某事怎么样”，所以此处填形容词；根据“much”可知，much修饰形容词比较级，easy是形容词，意思是“容易的”，比较级是easier，意思是“更容易的”，故填easier。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$