专题02 Module 2 Education-【寒假】2025年九年级英语寒假学习讲义（外研版）

Module 2 Education ours ['aʊəz] pron.我们的 tie [taɪ] n.领带 row [rəʊ] n.一排;一行;一列 pool [puːl] n.水池;游泳池 pass [pɑːs] v.及格;通过(考试或检查) secondary adj.(教育)中等的;次要的;间接地 secondary school 中学 absent [ˈæbsənt] adj.缺席的;不在的 bell [bel] n.钟;铃 考点1.enjoy doing sth 意为“喜欢做某事”。 The girl enjoys dancing very much. 这个女孩很喜欢跳舞。 【拓展】只能跟动名词作宾语的动词及短语有：finish, practise, feel like, give up, look forward to等。 考点2.oneself 反身代词 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 myself yourselves himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 由oneself构成的短语： help yourself 请随便吃 teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学 come to oneself 苏醒过来 enjoy oneself 玩的开心过的愉快 = have fun= have a good time 考点3.what be..like? ……怎么样? 常用于询问某物的特征或性质,也可以用来询问某人的性格、品质、外貌等。 ---What is your English teacher like? --- She is interesting. “What do/does..look like?” 用来询问某人的外貌或某物的特征,意为“……看起来什么样子?” ---What does she look like? 她看起来什么样子? ---She is tall with long black hair.她个子高,留着黑色长发。 考点4.a few 几个，少许 few：用于可数名词，否定用法。 I have few friends. 我没有朋友 a few：用于可数名词，肯定用法。 I have a few friends. 我有几个朋友。 little：用于不可数名词，否定用法。 There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水 a little：用于不可数名词，肯定用法。 There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水 考点4.everyone 和every one everyone 每个人 只用来指人当于everybody 其后不能 every one 每一个人或者物 既可用来指人，也可用来指物介词 跟介词 of 考点5.wear --- wore--worn wear 强调穿着，戴着的状态 后面接表示衣服、鞋帽首饰的词，也可以接颜色 put on 表示穿着的动作 后面接表示衣服、鞋帽首饰的词， be in 表示穿戴的状态 后面常跟着表示颜色的词 dress 表示穿衣的动作或者状态 后面常接oneself做宾语，不能接表示衣服、鞋帽首饰的词 , 考点6，hope〔v〕意为“希望”，后跟从句或动词不定式。 （1）wish/hope to do sth 希望去做某事。 （2）wish sb to do sth 希望某人去做某事，但不能说hope sb to do sth。 （3）wish that... “希望……”(常表示不太可能实现的，用虚拟语气)， hope that...“希望……”(常表示可能实现的)。 （4）wish sb sth/adj.表示“祝福某人……”。hope 不能用于这一结构。 （5）用作名词时，wish常用复数形式wishes，表示“祝愿; 祝福”，hope 表示“希望”。 考点7.mean 〔v〕 mean mean 〔adj〕 “吝啬的,自私的”, mean〔n〕 “中间,中庸”,指某事处于中间状态。也可表示“平均数,平均值” meaning 〔cn〕 含义，意思 meaningful 〔adj〕 有意义的 meaningless 〔adj〕无意义的 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 mean to do sth 打算做某事 考点8.比较级结构 比较级+ and + 比较级 越来越 more and more 越来越多 better and better 越来越好 考点9.since ①自从…以来 prep〕 since+过去的时间点 for + 时间段 prep〕 since+时间段+ ago， conj〕 since 引导的从句用一般现在时态，主句用现在完成时 ② 既然，因为+ 原因状语从句 conj〕 Since it rains ,let’s stay at home. 考点10.if 〔conj〕 如果 f引导的条件状语从句和某些时间状语从句一样，可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。当主句是一般将来时态时，从句用一般现在表示将来，可简记作“主将从现”。 I won’t go to the park if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨，我就不去公园。 考点11.until until 〔conj〕引导原因状语从句 I will wait you until you come. until 〔prep〕直到...为止 I will wait you until 9 o’clock. until用于肯定句时， 句子/主句的谓语动词必须是延续性或状态性的，表示这一动作或状态会延续到until所表示的时间为止。 not…until…直到……才…… 句子/主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词，表示句子/主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才开始。 I didn't go to bed until my parents came back last night.昨天晚上直到父母回来我才上床睡觉 考点12.at present 目前，现在 present〔adj〕 “出席的，到场的”， at present 出席、在场，现在 present〔cn〕“礼物”。同义词为gift present〔v〕给，颁发 present sb.with sth.=present sth.to sb.授予某人某物 考点13.last 〔v〕持续 过去式 lasted 过去分词lasted The weather only lasted for a few minutes.会议只开了几分钟。 〔adj〕上一次，最近一次，last上一个 At last 最后 = finally = in the end 考点14.two more lessons “数词+more+复数名词”= “another+数词+复数名词”， 意为“再，又，还有（一些）”。表示在原有基础上再增加几个。例如： I have two more questions to ask you. = I have another two questions to ask you.我还有两个问题要问你。 考点15.instead instead of〔conj〕，后面跟形容词、副词、动词、不定式、介词短语和从句。 We'll ask Li Mei instead of Mary. 我们将去问李梅而不问玛丽。 instead〔adv〕“代替”“替代”，通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开。 考点16.it 作形式主语句型 It's +adj.+for sb.to do sth. 做某事是……的(评价事情) It's +adj.+of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是……的(评价人) e.g.It's kind of you to help us. e.g.It's important for us to protect our environment. 考点17.such as& for example (1)such as用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子 放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但其后边不能用逗号。 English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚、加拿大等。 (2)for example强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 Many people here, for example, John, would rather have coffee.这里有许多人，例如约翰很喜欢喝咖啡。 考点18.辨析;none ，no one，neither none ①既可以指人，也可以指物 ②可以接of 短语 ③作主语时，指代的是可数名词，谓语动词用单、复数形式都可以，如果指代的是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式 ④常用来回答 how many或者how much 引导的问句 neither ①两者都不，和both 相对 ②neither ...nor.... 两个都不 连接两个词作主语时，谓语动词用就近原则 no one ①只能指人 ②作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，后面不能接of 短语 ③常用来回答who 引导问句 either .or …要么…要么. 谓语动词就近原则 not only .…but also …不仅…而且… 谓语动词就近原则 代词 人称代词 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he,she,it him,her,it they them 1.人称代词的排列顺序分三种情况： 复数人称按照we→you→they；单数人称按照you→he/she→I；第三人称男女并用时按照he→she。但承认过失、表示不吉祥的事或有不好的意思时，单数人称代词按照I→he/she→you排列，复数人称代词按照we→you→they排列。 2.代词it的用法 (1)用来代替上文中提到的特定事物，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。如： Your father has bought you a new computer. Do you like it?你父亲给你买了一台新电脑，你喜欢吗？ He offered us a piece of information. It’s very important.他给我们提供了一条信息，这条信息非常重要。 (2)当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看不出来、听不出来时，常用it来代替和当时某一事件、某动作有关的那个人。如： There was a knock at the door.“Who is it?” mother came to the door and asked.有敲门声。母亲来到门口问：“谁呀？” —Who is the child in the picture?这张照片上的孩子是谁？ —It’s me. Can’t you see?是我呀!难道你看不出来？ (3)为了保持句子的平衡，可以用it来代替动词不定式，在句子中作形式主语或形式宾语。如： It’s very interesting to swim in the river.在河中游泳非常有趣。 He found it not easy to learn English well.他发现学好英语是很难的。 (4)用来代替天气、时间、距离等。如： —What’s the weather like today?今天天气怎么样？ —It’s fine.今天天气晴朗。 It’s time to go to bed.到睡觉的时间了。 How far is it from here to the station?从这里到车站有多远？ 物主代词 种类 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容 词性 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs 1.his和its既可以作形容词性物主代词，又可以作名词性物主代词。如： My computer is new and his is old.我的计算机是新的，他的是旧的。 2.名词性物主代词常与介词of连用，构成名词所有格。如：some friends of mine我的一些朋友。 3.形容词性物主代词只能放在名词前作定语。如： my pen pal我的笔友her name她的名字 4.名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已经提及的名词，相当于“相容词性物主代词+名词”。如： This book is mine. Yours is on your desk.这本书是我的。你的在你桌子上。 反身代词的构成 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 反身代词的常用词组： by oneself(亲自) for oneself(为自己) call oneself(称自己) teach oneself(自学) help oneself to sth.(随便吃) speak to oneself(自言自语) lose oneself(迷路) enjoy oneself(自得其乐) 指示代词的用法 单数 this这，这个 that那，那个 复数 these这些 those那些 1.在打电话的语境中，常习惯用this和that代替I和you。如： —Hello! Is that Mrs.White? 喂!你是怀特夫人吗？ —Sorry. Mrs. White isn’t here. This is Kate, her daughter.对不起，怀特夫人不在这儿，我是她的女儿凯特。 2.指上文的事情，可以用this，也可以用that替代；指下文的事情，则要用this替代。如： My bike broke down. This/That is why I was late.我的自行车坏了，因此我才迟到了。 This is my idea. We should start out at once.我的建议是我们应该马上出发。 不定代词的用法 序号 不定 代词 用法 例句 1 some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中。 Tom has some story books. Would you like some milk?　 any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中。 Are there any apples on the tree? There aren’t any buses. 2 both 表示“两者都”。 Tom’s parents are both doctors. all 表示“三者或三者以上都”。 All of the books are very interesting. either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Either of the books is interesting. neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Neither of his friends has come yet. 3 no one 指人，不能接of 短语。 No one would like to go with her. none 表示否定，可以指人或物，常接of短语。 None of them has been to Beijing. 4 every 表整体概念，只能作定语。不能与of短语连用。表示“每一”。 Every time I go to see him,he is very busy. each 强调个体，可作主语、宾语和定语等，可以指人或物。可以与of 短语连用。表示“每一个”。 Each of you can try twice. 5 many 修饰可数名词复数。 There are many books on the desk. much 修饰不可数名词。 I have much homework to do. 6 few 表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰可数名词。 He has few friends here. a few 表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰可数名词。 There are a few apples in the basket. little 表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰不可数名词。 There is little water in the bottle.　 a little 表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰不可数名词。 Don’t worry. There is a little time left. 7 other 泛指其他的，修饰复数名词。 Do you have any other ideas?　 the other 指“两者中的另一个”。 I have two books. One is Chinese, the other is English.　 another 指“三者或以上中的另一个”。 Would you like another cup of tea? others 泛指其他的人或物。 Some went to the park,others visited the museum. The others 特指其余的所有人或物。 Five students in our class are English,the others are Chinese. 1.不定代词all和not连用时表示部分否定，要译成“不是全部”，不能译成“全部不”、“都不”；表示全部否定要用none。如： Not all the balls are round.并不是所有的球都是圆形的。 None of the bread is fresh.这些面包都不新鲜。 2.both与not连用也表示部分否定，译为“并非两者都”，不可译为“两者都不”；表示全部否定用neither。如： Both of us are not doctors.我们俩并非都是医生。 Neither of us is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生。 复合不定代词 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每个人 someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 something 某事 anything 任何事 nothing 没有东西 everything 每件事 1.作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2.当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词everybody, nobody, anyone等时，其反意疑问句主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物复合不定代词，如everything, anything, nothing, something等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用it。如： Everybody is here, aren’t they?大家都在这，是吗？ Everything is ready, isn’t it?一切都准备好了，是吗？ 3.当形容词或else(另外) 修饰复合不定代词something, everything, everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如： Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you.肖明，我有重要的事情要告诉你。 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一个助手。你能再给我们找一个吗？ 4.everyone = everybody, anyone = anybody,只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如： Is anybody here?有人吗？ You can take any one of these.你可以随便拿一个。 1. ______ are all college students, so we can help the old man solve the problem. A. You, he and I　 B. He, you and I　 C. You, I and he　　 D. I, he and you 2. Look at those red bags. ______ are all for _______. A. They; they　　 B. We; you　　　 C. They; us　　　 D. We; them 3. Can you take these apples to ______? _______ are all in the box, too. A. your; Yours　　 B. him; Him　　　 C. yours; Her　　 D. her; Yours 4. －Could I talk to you for ______ minutes, Mike? －Sorry, I have ______ time. A. a few; little　　　 B. little; few　　　 C. few; little　　　 D. a little; a few 5. －Who is singing in the classroom? －______ must be my sister. She likes singing. A. It　　　　 B. She　　　　　 C. This　　　　 D. He 6. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _______ one. A. other　　　 B. others　　　　 C. the others　　 D. another 7. －Your English is very good. Who taught you? －Nobody. I taught ______. A. me　　　　　 B. him　　　　　 C. himself　　　　 D. myself 8. I have two brothers. One is a teacher, and ______ is a doctor. A. other　　　　 B. the other　　　 C. another　　　 D. the others 9. There is _____ salt left, so you need to buy some this afternoon. A a few　　　　 B. few　　　　　 C. a little　　　 D. little 10. — Do you know everyone from Class One? — Er…, I know some of ______. A. they B. their C. theirs D. them 1. A。本题是考查多个人称代词并列的时候排列顺序。单数排列顺序是第二人称代词在前面，第三人称在中间，第一人称在后面。 2. C。本题的考查代词的用法。第一个空用they的主格形式作主语，代替上文的those red bags;第二个空在介词for的后面用宾格形式作宾语。所以选择C。 3. D。第一个空在介词to的后面用代词的宾格，第二个空用名词性物主代词作主语。所以选择D。 4. A。 本题题意：“我能和你谈几分钟吗，麦克？”“对不起，我没有时间。”a few修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定；little修饰不可数名词，也表示否定。 5. A。本题是考查代词的用法，在表示猜测的时候用代词it代替所问的人。 6. D。根据句子意思应选another，表示不定数目中的另一个，代替或修饰可数名词。B、C后面不接名词或代词。other表示其他的，接复数名词或前面加the。 7. D。本题是考查反身代词的用法。动词taught和反身代词连用表示“自学”的意思，反身代词和前面作主语的人称代词应该一致，所以选择D。 8. B。one…the other…特指“两个中的一个和另一个”。句意为“我有两个弟弟（或哥哥），一个是老师，另一个是医生。 9. D。 本题是考查不定代词的用法。修饰不可数名词用little，a little；修饰可数名词用few，a few；little和few表示否定含义，a little和a few表示肯定含义，从句意可知“没有多少盐了”是否定含义，而salt是不可数名词，所以选D。 10. D。本题是考查人称代词，some of them指他们中的一些，them是宾格，作介词of的宾语。 介词 介词分类 分类 例词 表示 时间 in, at, on, between, since, for, during, until, till, by, from…to, behind, by, before, past 表示 方位 in, at, on, around, before, in front of, between, behind, beside, near, under, above, below, next to, among, round 表示往返的方向 to, towards, round, around, through, across, from…to, into, out of, off, along 其他 by, to, like, unlike, of, except, about, against, with, but, as, without 1.in通常用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、上午、下午、晚上等词前，但后面接时间段，意为“在……之后”，用于将来时态；而after意为“在……之后”，要用于一般过去时。如： We are going to Beijing in two weeks.两周后我们将要去北京。 He went to America in 2003,after one year, he came back.他在2003年去了美国，一年后，他就回来了。 2.for和since在表示时间时，一般用于完成时，for与时间段连用，since与时间点连用。如： We haven’t seen each other for years.我们已经有好多年没有见面了。 His father has taught in this school since 1985.他的父亲自从1985年起就在这所学校教书。 3.表示位置时，in表示某一小地点在另一大地点之内；on表示两个地点相互接壤；to则表示两个地点互不接壤，并有一定的距离。如： Taiwan is in the southeast of China.台湾位于中国的东南部。 Shandong is on the north of Henan.山东位于河南的北部。 Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国东部。 4.between表示“在两者之间”，而among表示“在三者或三者以上之中”。但当between用于三者或三者以上时，强调“两两之间”，侧重指人或物各自独立；而among强调彼此不分离。如： We have too many desks in our class. There is hardly any room to move between them.我们教室里有太多的课桌，桌与桌之间几乎没有可以走动的空间了。 This village is among the hills.这个村子被群山环绕。 5.表示方位时，on表示一个物体的位置在另一个物体之上，两者的表面相接触；above表示一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高，通常两个物体表面不接触；over表示“在……的正上方”，强调在垂直的上方。如： There is a map on the wall.墙上有一张地图。 The lights are above our heads.灯在我们头顶上。 Some birds are flying over the sea.有一些鸟在海上飞。 6.with, in, by 三者都可以译为“用”，但用法不同：with表示用某种工具，所用的东西都是具体的物品；in表示用某种材料、语言、声调等；by表示用某种方法或手段，多指使用某种交通工具。试比较： Please write with a pen.请用钢笔书写。 She wrote a letter in a black ink.她用黑色的墨水笔写了一封信。 Can you say it in Japanese? 你能用日语说吗？ I go to school by bike.我骑自行车去上学。 7.besides和except都可译为“除……之外”，但含义不同：besides表示“除……以外，还有”，指在整体中加入一部分，含义是肯定的；except表示“从整体中除去一部分”，含义是否定的。如： We all went besides him.除他之外，我们大家也都去了。(他去了) We all went except him.除他之外，我们都去了。(他没有去) 8.instead of意为“代替”，后面接名词、代词或动名词；而instead是副词，意为“代替，顶替”，在句子中作状语，后面不能接任何成分。如： He will go instead of me.他将代替我去。 She went to school instead of staying at home.她没有待在家里而是上学去了。 Give me this instead.换这个给我吧。 9.across和through均可译为“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同：across的含义与on有关，表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；而through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行的。如： The dog ran across the grass.这条狗跑过草地。 They walked through the forest.他们步行穿过森林。 10.在this，that，these, next, last等组成的时间状语前不用介词。如: We are in Grade Two this year.今年我们上二年级。 Tom’s trouble is very common to boys these days.汤姆的问题这些天在男孩们中间很常见。 When did you go to bed last night?你昨晚几点上床睡觉的？ The next day she got up early and went to school without breakfast.第二天她起得很早，并且没吃早饭就去了学校。 11.当yesterday, tomorrow用作副词或构成短语时前面不用介词。如: Can you be here at eight tomorrow morning?你明早八点能在这里吗？ Were you at home yesterday evening？你昨晚在家吗？ 常用介词短语归纳 分类 例子 介词+名词 at home在家里；at school在学校；at noon在中午；at night在晚上；at work在工作；at sea在大海上；at the same time 同时；at times有时；at breakfast 早餐时；at midnight在午夜；at the moment在此刻；after a while 过了一会by bus 乘公共汽车;by the way 顺便说；by the time 到……时候；by turns 轮流；by mistake错误地；by the door在门口in hospital住院；in the hospital 在医院；in the end 最后；in order 整整齐齐；in order to 以便；in no time 很快就……；in the daytime在白天；in turn 轮流；in time 及时;in front 在前方；in English 用英语；in the future将来的某个时刻；in future(整个)将来；in fact 事实上on the way 在路上;on Sunday 在星期天 ；on show 展出；on display 陈列；on fire 着火；on duty 值日；on the other hand 另一方面；on foot 步行；on business 出差；on board 在船(飞机)上；on holiday 在休假；on the telephone 在接(打)电话；on time 准时；on the left/right 在左边/右边；on sale 在出售；on watch 值班；on the earth 在地球上with pleasure 很乐意；with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 be+形容词 +介词 be amazed at对……感到惊讶；be angry with生(某人的)气；be afraid of害怕；be busy with 忙于做……；be good at擅长于；be full of 充满be excited about对……感到兴奋；be kind to 对……和善；be interested in 对……感兴趣be famous for 因……而著名；be late for迟到；be popular with 受……欢迎be pleased with 对……感到满意；be proud of 对……感到骄傲；be ready for为……准备好be satisfied with对……满意；be worried about 为……担心 动词+介词 agree with 同意； ask for 请求；begin with 以……开始；come from 出生，来自；call at探访die of 死于；get on/off 上车/下车； fill…with 用……装；fall off从……落下hear from 收到(某人)的信；hear of 听说；look at 看；go to bed 去睡觉； go to school 去上学； look for 寻找；look after 照顾listen to 听……讲话；pay for 付钱；point to 指向；point at 指着；send for派人去叫；run across 碰到；talk about 谈论；think about 考虑;wait for 等候；write to 写信给……；worry about 担心laugh at 嘲笑；fall behind 落在……后面;knock at 敲 介词+名词 +介词 at the foot of在……脚下；on the top of在……顶端；in the middle of 在……中间；in the front of 在……前面；in the east of在……东部by means of借助；at the beginning of起初；by the end of 到……为止at the age of在……岁时；at the head of 在……前头 1.in front of和in the front of只差一个定冠词the，但用法不同：前者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容不存在包含关系；而后者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容存在包含关系。如： Li Lei sits in front of me,but Wang Fang sits behind me. 李雷坐在我前面，而王芳坐在我的后面。 The desk is in the front of the classroom.书桌在教室的前面。 2.in the tree和on the tree都可以译为“在树上”，但用法不同：前者in the tree一般指本身不是树上的事物，而后者on the tree一般指树上本身长的东西。如： I can see some birds in the tree.我能看到树上有一些小鸟。 There are some pears on the tree.树上结了一些梨。 3.in the wall表示嵌在墙里，而on the wall表示在墙的表面。如： There is a hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。 There is a map on the wall.墙上有一幅地图。 4.“在太阳下”用in the sun，“在某人的帮助下”用with one’s help或with the help of sb.如： Don’t read in the sun.别在太阳下看书。 With the teacher’s help，I got some progress.在老师的帮助下，我取得了一些进步。 选词填空（可重复选用）。 with，in，of，for，on， about 1. Could you tell me something ______ UFOs? I am really interested in it. 2. I can help you ______math. 3. The windows are _____ the wall. 4. My birthday is ______ February, 15 th . 5. What’s this _____ Japanese? 6. They usually play basketball ______Saturday morning. 7. This boy is ______ the tree. It’s very dangerous。 8. This is the map _____ China. 9. I eat an egg _______ breakfast, 10. He usually watches football game ____ TV. 1.about 2. with 3. in 4. on 5. in 6. on 7.in 8.of 9.for 10.on 本模块以“教育”为话题，描述学校特征及学校生活。它贴近学生生活，与学生的日常学习息息相关。本模块的语言技能和语言知识主要也是围绕“教育”这一中心话题设计的。 学生能够运用代词谈论学校的生活，能够将不同的学校进行对比，能够与同学交流自己对学校生活的观点。 素材积累 1．What is your school like?你的学校是什么样子的？ 2．Our school is bigger than yours. 我们的学校比你们的学校大。 3．We have an excellent swimming pool.我们有一个非常好的游泳池。 4．We have classes every weekday from 8：45 am to 3：15 pm.每个上学日我们从上午8：45上课到下午3：15结束。 5．We have four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon.我们上午有四节课，下午有三节课。 6．Our lessons start at 8：00 am and 2：00 pm. 我们早上8点上课，下午2点上课。 7．I like outdoor activities such as running and climbing.我喜欢像跑步和爬山这样的户外活动。 8．And we often play soccer in the playground after school.It's good for our health.放学后我们经常在操场上踢足球。这有利于我们的健康。 9．—How many pupils are there in your school?你们学校有多少名学生？—About…大约…… 10．We have a large sports ground for football and tennis, where we can play both during and after school hours.我们有一个大的运动场，可供我们课内外踢足球以及打网球。 11．I usually do my homework in the evening, and do some reading before going to bed at about 10：00. 晚上我通常做作业，然后在睡前读书，大约10点睡觉。 例题解析 三年的初中生活令人难忘，即将到来的高中生活更让人心生向往。你心目中的高中生活是什么样的？请以“What will my high school life be like？”为题，写一篇英语短文，从学习方式、课余生活和交友等方面描述一下你心目中的高中生活。80词左右。 What will my high school life be like? My high school life is starting. What will it be like? I hope we ③will be given more free time ①so that we can learn how to make good use of time and ②how to make our learning more effective. In class, we ③should be encouraged to work with partners, ④which will help us gain the ability of cooperating with others in the future. After school, we can be provided with more activities from which we can choose according to our hobbies and interest. I also hope I will make more friends and that we can have an unforgettable time together. ⑤What a fantastic life! I can't wait! 写作迁移 　　学校校刊正在开展“保护校园环境,健康快乐生活”的征稿活动。请你根据以下提示,写一篇80词左右的短文。 写作要点: 1.保护校园环境; 2.养成健康的生活习惯; 3.与人相处融洽。 写作要求: 1.要点齐全,可适当发挥,使行文连贯; 2.语篇完整,语句通顺,语法正确,书写规范; 3.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名及透露个人信息的地名,否则不予评分; 4.文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。 　　It’s important for students to have a healthy school life.　 　  It’s important for students to have a healthy school life. What can we do to make it? Here are my suggestions to share with you.  First, we should keep our school clean and tidy. For example, we should clean our classroom every day. Second, we are supposed to develop a healthy living habit and take good care of ourselves, such as washing hands in time and wearing masks if necessary. Third, we should get on well with each other and try to keep happy. Finally, remember that doing sports every day can help us keep healthy. If we can do these, we will live a healthy school life. I hope that my suggestions will help you! 一 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.The teacher asked the girls to stand in the first 　　　(排). 2.Tony dropped his ball into a 　　　(水池) by accident. He didn’t know how to get it out.   3.I’m going to buy a 　　　(领带) for my father as a present on Father’s Day. 4.In our class, 　　　(大多数) students help their parents with chores.  5.And we also have an excellent swimming 　　　 (队).  1.row　2.pool　3.tie　4.most　5.team 二.用所给词的适当形式填空 6.Come and have a look at these 　　　(photo) I took yesterday.  7.—Did you enjoy 　　　(you) at the party, Mary?   —Yes, I did. I had a lot of fun. 8.I get on well with my parents. I enjoy 　　　(chat) with them after finishing my homework.  9.After walking for a long time, I felt 　　　 (real) tired. I wanted to have a rest.  10.You can find a partner 　　　 (practice) English with if you want to improve your spoken English.  6.photos　7.yourself　8.chatting　9.really10.to practice 三.单项选择 11.Your school library looks as modern as 　　　. Can you show me around? A.we B.us C.our D.ours 12.After taking tennis classes, Tim is much 　　　 than last year.  A.strong　　　 B.stronger C.strongest　　　 D.the strongest 13.Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second. We have 　　　 time left. A.few B.a few C.little D.a little 14.—Why did you shop on Douyin, Li Ting? —Because the goods there are 　　　 cheaper than those on the other platforms(平台).  A.a bit　　　　 B.a number of C.a lot of　　　　 D.a bit of 15.I asked my brother 　　　 students there were in his class. He told me that there were 25 boys and 20 girls.  A.how many　　　　 B.how much C.how often　　　 D.how long 11.D　根据本题语境可知,你学校的图书馆看起来和“我们的”一样现代化,此处要用名词性物主代词ours。 12.B　根据than last year可知,要用比较级,该句中much修饰比较级,故答案为B。 13.C　根据题干中的“毕业典礼马上开始”可推断,我们几乎没有时间了,表示“几乎没有”,而且用来修饰不可数名词time的词是little,故答案为C。 14.A　根据本题语境可知,抖音平台上的商品比其他平台上的商品更便宜一点,可以修饰比较级cheaper的短语是a bit,故答案为A。 15.A　根据题干中的“他告诉我有25名男孩和20名女孩”可知,我问我弟弟他班里有“多少”名学生,how many符合题意。 四.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 16.孩子们一排排地坐在那里。 The children are sitting there 　　　 　　　.  17.让我看一看你的新钢笔吧。 Let me 　　　 　　　 　　　 at your new pen.  18.请告诉我你们的新房子是什么样子的。 Please tell me 　　　 your new house is 　　　.  19.看那些中国军人!他们都穿着一样的军装。 Look at the Chinese soldiers! They 　　　 　　　the same military uniforms.  20.这意味着可以和更多人一起玩耍。 This means more people 　　　 　　　 　　　.  16.in rows　17.have/take a look　18.what;like 19.are wearing　20.to play with 二　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 1.You won’t p　　　 the PE exam successfully unless you exercise every day.  2.I knocked at the door and rang the b　　　, but nobody opened the door for me.  3.Some people learn German i　　　 of French. 4.My brother is active and he loves to take part in different kinds of outdoor a　　　 like running and climbing.   5.You will get into a good university i　　　 you keep studying hard in senior high school.   1.pass　2.bell　3.instead　4.activities　5.if 二.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 6.Once a term, there is a parents’ meeting, so our parents and teachers can talk about our 　　　 (进步).   7.I felt relaxed when Tom told me that he would be 　　　(在场的).  8.I think the movie called Born to Fly is a 　　　 (受欢迎的) movie. I want to watch it again.   9.Don’t trouble trouble 　　　(直到) trouble troubles you.  10.Tom was 　　　 (缺席) from classes yesterday because he caught a cold. 6.progress　7.present　8.popular　9.until/till 10.absent 三.单项选择 11.—Is everyone in the classroom? —No, Linda isn’t. She is absent 　　　 class because she is ill. A.for B.from C.with　　　　 D.over 12.—How 　　　 you are! You’ve made so many good friends in your new school.  —You’re right. A.shy　　　　 B.lazy C.lucky　　　　 D.sad 13.—I like the coat but not the color. Have you got 　　　 one?  —Yes, I’ll show you. A.other　　　　 B.others C.the other 　　 D.another 14.　　　 you treat others with your heart, you will get friendship in return.  A.If B.Until　　 C.Unless 15.We need to tell people to just do one small thing well 　　　 100 things poorly.  A.as well as　　　　 B.instead of C.according to 　　　　 D.because of 11.B　根据be absent from的固定搭配可知答案为B。 12.C　根据题干中的“你在新学校交了这么多好朋友”可推断,你真“幸运”,所缺的词是lucky。 13.D　句意:——我喜欢这件外套,但是不喜欢这个颜色。你还有另外一件吗?——有,我拿给你看。other别的,其他的;others另一些;the other两者中的另一个;another另一,再一。由句意可知选D。 14.A　根据本题语境可知,“如果”你用心对待别人,你就能收获友谊作为回报,if符合题意。 15.B　四个选项的含义分别是:as well as也,还;instead of代替,而不是;according to根据,按照;because of因为,由于。根据本题语境可知,我们需要告诉人们要把一件小事做好,而不是把一百件事都做不好,instead of符合题意。 四.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 16.应该鼓励儿童培养业余爱好,比如音乐和体育。 Children should be encouraged to take up outside interests 　　　 　　　 music and sport.  17.这台电脑有许多优势。最重要的是,它很便宜。 This computer has many advantages. 　　　 　　　, it is very cheap.  18.我看到一群男孩正在那边打篮球。 I saw 　　　 　　　 　　　 boys playing basketball over there.  19.我需要五本书。现在我有两本,所以我还需要三本。 I need five books. Now I’ve got two, so I need 　　　 　　　 books.  20.在你付款之前,你应该思考一下你是否真的需要它。 You should think about whether you really need it 　　　 you 　　　 for it.  16.such as　17.Above all　18.a group of　19.three more/another three　20.before;pay 能力提升 一 During the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang, also known as Kongming. He served for Liu Bei. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 1 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 2 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. There was only one 3 for Zhuge to take, the use of empty city. Zhuge Liang sent his soldiers to West City. He told them to 4 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 5 and he had secretly sent many soldiers around to fight the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall with two of his service boys and began to play his favourite music there. Sima Yi’s army had been told that West City was empty. However, when they arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they became 6 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 7 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and his words couldn’t be 8 trusted. He replied Zhuge that no matter whether the city was empty or not, he was not to enter. Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. General Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 9 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and was 10 . When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized about his weakness, and left that area. 1．A．ashamed B．difficult C．strange D．amazing 2．A．bigger B．smarter C．weaker D．nearer 3．A．reason B．choice C．order D．lesson 4．A．mend B．wash C．clean D．open 5．A．worry B．care C．fight D．shout 6．A．helpful B．doubtful C．joyful D．hopeful 7．A．trick B．game C．quiz D．joke 8．A．kindly B．slowly C．easily D．happily 9．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 10．A．fooled B．shaken C．beaten D．killed 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述“空城计”这一故事。 1．句意：一天，诸葛亮陷入困境。 ashamed感到羞愧的；difficult困难的；strange奇怪的；amazing惊人的。根据后文介绍可知，诸葛亮处于困境中，故选B。 2．句意：据说司马懿的军队更近了，诸葛亮的援军还很远。 bigger更大的；smarter更聪明的；weaker更弱的；nearer更近的。根据“Sima Yi’s army was reported being...and Zhuge’s support was still far away.”可知，司马懿的军队更近了，诸葛亮的援军还很远。故选D。 3．句意：诸葛亮只有一个选择，那就是利用空城。 reason原因；choice选择；order命令；lesson课。根据“There was only one...for Zhuge to take, the use of empty city.”可知，诸葛亮只有一个选择，故选B。 4．句意：他吩咐他们打开城门，派他们去打扫道路。 mend修补；wash洗；clean打扫；open打开。根据“He told them to...the city gates and sent them to clean the roads.”可知，他吩咐他们打开城门，故选D。 5．句意：这些人不明白诸葛亮的要求，但诸葛亮告诉他们不要担心，他已经秘密派遣了许多士兵去参加即将到来的战争。 worry担心；care关心；fight打架；shout大叫。根据“but Zhuge told them not to...and he had secretly sent many soldiers around to fight the coming war”可知，诸葛亮告诉他们不要担心，故选A。 6．句意：然而，当他们到达时，看到敞开的大门，空荡荡的街道，只有几个做清洁工的老兵，他们就怀疑了，没有进入这个城市。 helpful有帮助的；doubtful怀疑的；joyful有趣的；hopeful有希望的。根据“they became...and didn’t enter the city”可知，诸葛亮的做法引起怀疑，故选B。 7．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 trick把戏；game游戏；quiz竞赛；joke玩笑。根据“Sima Yi believed it was a...since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life”可知，司马懿认为这是一个诡计，故选A。 8．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 kindly友善地；slowly缓慢地；easily容易地；happily开心地。根据“his words couldn’t be...trusted”可知，司马懿认为诸葛亮的话不能轻易相信，故选C。 9．句意：诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，并且他马上就回了自己的国家。 gate大门；heart心；city城市；enemy敌人。根据“Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the...”可知，诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，故选D。 10．句意：当他第二次前往西城时，他遇到了赵云，并被打败。 fooled愚弄；shaken摇动；beaten打败；killed杀。根据“he met Zhao Yun and was...”可知，司马懿遇到了赵云，并被打败。故选C。 二 Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to the earth again. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to May in China. In this article, we will explore the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth. The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow. The water cycle plays an important role in protecting our Earth’s climate. It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. On top of that, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need, it becomes a drought (旱灾). Besides, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our planet cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our planet alive. It’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our planet works and develop better methods to protect our Earth. And that is a responsibility (责任) we should take on. 1．Which season might have the most active water cycle in China? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Earth’s climate. B．The water cycle. C．Water vapour. D．Drinking water. 3．Which is the right order of the water cycle according to the text? ①Water returns to the ground.    ②Rain or snow falls down. ③Water vapour rises up.        ④Clouds are formed in the sky. A．③②④① B．④②③① C．④③②① D．③④②① 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To ask people to water plants. B．To encourage people to save water. C．To call on people to protect our planet. D．To inspire people to get close to nature. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球上的水循环。了解水循环可以帮助我们享受自然之美，了解我们的地球是如何运作的，并找到更好的方法来保护我们的地球。 1．细节理解题。根据“It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to May in China.”可知，水循环在三月到五月最为活跃，即春季。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“The water cycle plays an important role in protecting our Earth’s climate. It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy.”可知，水循环在保护地球气候方面起着重要作用。它为我们提供饮用水，并保持我们的气候健康。即it代指水循环。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“The water cycle always begins with water vapour.”可知，水循环从水蒸气开始；根据“As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds.”可知，然后是水蒸气遇冷变成云；根据“After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow.”可知，接下来云向地面降水；根据“Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow.”可知，最后水以雨水或雪的形式回到地面。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our planet works and develop better methods to protect our Earth. And that is a responsibility we should take on.”可知，了解水循环可以帮助我们欣赏大自然的美丽，了解我们的星球是如何运作的，并制定更好的方法来保护我们的地球。这是我们应该承担的责任。可见，在最后一段里，作者是想让我们保护地球。故选C。 三 阅读下面短文, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 City offers health tips for working at home Lin Hancheng, ____1____ official from the Shenzhen Municipal Health Commission, said at a press conference (新闻发布会) yesterday, “Shenzhen ____2____ (face) great stress at present on COVID prevention and control.” And the ____3____ (press) on supply (供给保障) has continued growing, too. Shenzhen’s health authority has offered four health tips to citizens ____4____ are working at home. Citizens ____5____ (advise) to pay close attention to their health and seek medical treatment in a timely manner in case of any suspicious symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue and sore throat. Citizens must avoid ____6____ (go) out as much as possible, and stop attending gatherings, visiting others, traveling or joining crowds. When going out, one must wear a mask ____7____ (proper), and carefully clean hands after returning home. Proper ventilation (通风) is also recommended. Rooms must be ventilated no less than ____8____ (one) in the morning and afternoon. And the ventilation should last for ____9____ least 30 minutes each time every day. Meanwhile, citizens should also develop good habits, arrange their time for work, study and rest reasonably, keep their immune systems _____10_____ (strength) and be physically and mentally healthy. 【答案】1. an 2. is facing 3. pressure 4. who 5. are advised 6. going 7. properly 8. once 9. at 10. strong 【解析】本文介绍了深圳的防疫工作安排。 1.句意：深圳市卫生健康委员会官员林汉成在昨天的新闻发布会上表示，“目前深圳在新冠肺炎防控方面面临很大压力。”此处泛指“一名官员”，且official以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an，故填an。 2.句意：深圳市卫生健康委员会官员林汉成在昨天的新闻发布会上表示，“目前深圳在新冠肺炎防控方面面临很大压力。”根据“at present”可知，该句应用现在进行时，结构为“am/is/are+动词现在分词”，主语是Shenzhen，be动词用is，故填is facing。 3.句意：供应压力也在持续增长。定冠词the后跟名词形式，动词press的名词为pressure，意为“压力”，且为不可数名词，故填pressure。 4.句意：深圳卫生部门为在家工作的市民提供了四条健康建议。分析句子该句是定语从句，先行词为citizens，指人，所以用who引导定语从句，故填who。 5.句意：市民应密切关注自身健康，出现发热、干咳、乏力、喉咙痛等疑似症状时，应及时就医。主语Citizens与谓语动词advise之间是被动关系，该句是一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are，故填are advised。 6.句意：尽量避免外出，不参加聚会、不探亲、不旅游、不参加群众活动。avoid doing意为“避免做某事”，故填going。 7.句意：外出时要正确佩戴口罩，回家后要认真洗手。此处修饰动词wear应用副词形式，proper意为“正确的”，是形容词，其副词为properly，故填properly。 8.句意：房间在上午和下午必须通风不少于一次。此处指的频率, 应用once，意为“一次”，故填once。 9.句意：每天通风时间不少于30分钟。at least意为“至少”，故填at。 10.句意：同时，公民也要养成良好的生活习惯，合理安排工作、学习和休息时间，保持免疫系统强大，身心健康。keep为系动词后接形容词构成系表结构，strength意为“力量”，是名词，其形容词为strong，意为“强壮的”，故填strong。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module 2 Education ours ['aʊəz] pron.我们的 tie [taɪ] n.领带 row [rəʊ] n.一排;一行;一列 pool [puːl] n.水池;游泳池 pass [pɑːs] v.及格;通过(考试或检查) secondary adj.(教育)中等的;次要的;间接地 secondary school 中学 absent [ˈæbsənt] adj.缺席的;不在的 bell [bel] n.钟;铃 考点1.enjoy doing sth 意为“喜欢做某事”。 The girl enjoys dancing very much. 这个女孩很喜欢跳舞。 【拓展】只能跟动名词作宾语的动词及短语有：finish, practise, feel like, give up, look forward to等。 考点2.oneself 反身代词 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 myself yourselves himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 由oneself构成的短语： help yourself 请随便吃 teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学 come to oneself 苏醒过来 enjoy oneself 玩的开心过的愉快 = have fun= have a good time 考点3.what be..like? ……怎么样? 常用于询问某物的特征或性质,也可以用来询问某人的性格、品质、外貌等。 ---What is your English teacher like? --- She is interesting. “What do/does..look like?” 用来询问某人的外貌或某物的特征,意为“……看起来什么样子?” ---What does she look like? 她看起来什么样子? ---She is tall with long black hair.她个子高,留着黑色长发。 考点4.a few 几个，少许 few：用于可数名词，否定用法。 I have few friends. 我没有朋友 a few：用于可数名词，肯定用法。 I have a few friends. 我有几个朋友。 little：用于不可数名词，否定用法。 There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水 a little：用于不可数名词，肯定用法。 There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水 考点4.everyone 和every one everyone 每个人 只用来指人当于everybody 其后不能 every one 每一个人或者物 既可用来指人，也可用来指物介词 跟介词 of 考点5.wear --- wore--worn wear 强调穿着，戴着的状态 后面接表示衣服、鞋帽首饰的词，也可以接颜色 put on 表示穿着的动作 后面接表示衣服、鞋帽首饰的词， be in 表示穿戴的状态 后面常跟着表示颜色的词 dress 表示穿衣的动作或者状态 后面常接oneself做宾语，不能接表示衣服、鞋帽首饰的词 , 考点6，hope〔v〕意为“希望”，后跟从句或动词不定式。 （1）wish/hope to do sth 希望去做某事。 （2）wish sb to do sth 希望某人去做某事，但不能说hope sb to do sth。 （3）wish that... “希望……”(常表示不太可能实现的，用虚拟语气)， hope that...“希望……”(常表示可能实现的)。 （4）wish sb sth/adj.表示“祝福某人……”。hope 不能用于这一结构。 （5）用作名词时，wish常用复数形式wishes，表示“祝愿; 祝福”，hope 表示“希望”。 考点7.mean 〔v〕 mean mean 〔adj〕 “吝啬的,自私的”, mean〔n〕 “中间,中庸”,指某事处于中间状态。也可表示“平均数,平均值” meaning 〔cn〕 含义，意思 meaningful 〔adj〕 有意义的 meaningless 〔adj〕无意义的 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 mean to do sth 打算做某事 考点8.比较级结构 比较级+ and + 比较级 越来越 more and more 越来越多 better and better 越来越好 考点9.since ①自从…以来 prep〕 since+过去的时间点 for + 时间段 prep〕 since+时间段+ ago， conj〕 since 引导的从句用一般现在时态，主句用现在完成时 ② 既然，因为+ 原因状语从句 conj〕 Since it rains ,let’s stay at home. 考点10.if 〔conj〕 如果 f引导的条件状语从句和某些时间状语从句一样，可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。当主句是一般将来时态时，从句用一般现在表示将来，可简记作“主将从现”。 I won’t go to the park if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨，我就不去公园。 考点11.until until 〔conj〕引导原因状语从句 I will wait you until you come. until 〔prep〕直到...为止 I will wait you until 9 o’clock. until用于肯定句时， 句子/主句的谓语动词必须是延续性或状态性的，表示这一动作或状态会延续到until所表示的时间为止。 not…until…直到……才…… 句子/主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词，表示句子/主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才开始。 I didn't go to bed until my parents came back last night.昨天晚上直到父母回来我才上床睡觉 考点12.at present 目前，现在 present〔adj〕 “出席的，到场的”， at present 出席、在场，现在 present〔cn〕“礼物”。同义词为gift present〔v〕给，颁发 present sb.with sth.=present sth.to sb.授予某人某物 考点13.last 〔v〕持续 过去式 lasted 过去分词lasted The weather only lasted for a few minutes.会议只开了几分钟。 〔adj〕上一次，最近一次，last上一个 At last 最后 = finally = in the end 考点14.two more lessons “数词+more+复数名词”= “another+数词+复数名词”， 意为“再，又，还有（一些）”。表示在原有基础上再增加几个。例如： I have two more questions to ask you. = I have another two questions to ask you.我还有两个问题要问你。 考点15.instead instead of〔conj〕，后面跟形容词、副词、动词、不定式、介词短语和从句。 We'll ask Li Mei instead of Mary. 我们将去问李梅而不问玛丽。 instead〔adv〕“代替”“替代”，通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开。 考点16.it 作形式主语句型 It's +adj.+for sb.to do sth. 做某事是……的(评价事情) It's +adj.+of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是……的(评价人) e.g.It's kind of you to help us. e.g.It's important for us to protect our environment. 考点17.such as& for example (1)such as用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子 放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但其后边不能用逗号。 English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚、加拿大等。 (2)for example强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 Many people here, for example, John, would rather have coffee.这里有许多人，例如约翰很喜欢喝咖啡。 考点18.辨析;none ，no one，neither none ①既可以指人，也可以指物 ②可以接of 短语 ③作主语时，指代的是可数名词，谓语动词用单、复数形式都可以，如果指代的是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式 ④常用来回答 how many或者how much 引导的问句 neither ①两者都不，和both 相对 ②neither ...nor.... 两个都不 连接两个词作主语时，谓语动词用就近原则 no one ①只能指人 ②作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，后面不能接of 短语 ③常用来回答who 引导问句 either .or …要么…要么. 谓语动词就近原则 not only .…but also …不仅…而且… 谓语动词就近原则 代词 人称代词 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he,she,it him,her,it they them 1.人称代词的排列顺序分三种情况： 复数人称按照we→you→they；单数人称按照you→he/she→I；第三人称男女并用时按照he→she。但承认过失、表示不吉祥的事或有不好的意思时，单数人称代词按照I→he/she→you排列，复数人称代词按照we→you→they排列。 2.代词it的用法 (1)用来代替上文中提到的特定事物，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。如： Your father has bought you a new computer. Do you like it?你父亲给你买了一台新电脑，你喜欢吗？ He offered us a piece of information. It’s very important.他给我们提供了一条信息，这条信息非常重要。 (2)当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看不出来、听不出来时，常用it来代替和当时某一事件、某动作有关的那个人。如： There was a knock at the door.“Who is it?” mother came to the door and asked.有敲门声。母亲来到门口问：“谁呀？” —Who is the child in the picture?这张照片上的孩子是谁？ —It’s me. Can’t you see?是我呀!难道你看不出来？ (3)为了保持句子的平衡，可以用it来代替动词不定式，在句子中作形式主语或形式宾语。如： It’s very interesting to swim in the river.在河中游泳非常有趣。 He found it not easy to learn English well.他发现学好英语是很难的。 (4)用来代替天气、时间、距离等。如： —What’s the weather like today?今天天气怎么样？ —It’s fine.今天天气晴朗。 It’s time to go to bed.到睡觉的时间了。 How far is it from here to the station?从这里到车站有多远？ 物主代词 种类 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容 词性 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs 1.his和its既可以作形容词性物主代词，又可以作名词性物主代词。如： My computer is new and his is old.我的计算机是新的，他的是旧的。 2.名词性物主代词常与介词of连用，构成名词所有格。如：some friends of mine我的一些朋友。 3.形容词性物主代词只能放在名词前作定语。如： my pen pal我的笔友her name她的名字 4.名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已经提及的名词，相当于“相容词性物主代词+名词”。如： This book is mine. Yours is on your desk.这本书是我的。你的在你桌子上。 反身代词的构成 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 反身代词的常用词组： by oneself(亲自) for oneself(为自己) call oneself(称自己) teach oneself(自学) help oneself to sth.(随便吃) speak to oneself(自言自语) lose oneself(迷路) enjoy oneself(自得其乐) 指示代词的用法 单数 this这，这个 that那，那个 复数 these这些 those那些 1.在打电话的语境中，常习惯用this和that代替I和you。如： —Hello! Is that Mrs.White? 喂!你是怀特夫人吗？ —Sorry. Mrs. White isn’t here. This is Kate, her daughter.对不起，怀特夫人不在这儿，我是她的女儿凯特。 2.指上文的事情，可以用this，也可以用that替代；指下文的事情，则要用this替代。如： My bike broke down. This/That is why I was late.我的自行车坏了，因此我才迟到了。 This is my idea. We should start out at once.我的建议是我们应该马上出发。 不定代词的用法 序号 不定 代词 用法 例句 1 some Tom has some story books. Would you like some milk?　 any Are there any apples on the tree? There aren’t any buses. 2 both Tom’s parents are both doctors. all All of the books are very interesting. either Either of the books is interesting. neither Neither of his friends has come yet. 3 no one No one would like to go with her. none None of them has been to Beijing. 4 every Every time I go to see him,he is very busy. each Each of you can try twice. 5 many There are many books on the desk. much I have much homework to do. 6 few He has few friends here. a few There are a few apples in the basket. little There is little water in the bottle.　 a little Don’t worry. There is a little time left. 7 other Do you have any other ideas?　 the other I have two books. One is Chinese, the other is English.　 another Would you like another cup of tea? others Some went to the park,others visited the museum. The others Five students in our class are English,the others are Chinese. 1.不定代词all和not连用时表示部分否定，要译成“不是全部”，不能译成“全部不”、“都不”；表示全部否定要用none。如： Not all the balls are round.并不是所有的球都是圆形的。 None of the bread is fresh.这些面包都不新鲜。 2.both与not连用也表示部分否定，译为“并非两者都”，不可译为“两者都不”；表示全部否定用neither。如： Both of us are not doctors.我们俩并非都是医生。 Neither of us is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生。 复合不定代词 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每个人 someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 something 某事 anything 任何事 nothing 没有东西 everything 每件事 1.作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2.当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词everybody, nobody, anyone等时，其反意疑问句主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物复合不定代词，如everything, anything, nothing, something等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用it。如： Everybody is here, aren’t they?大家都在这，是吗？ Everything is ready, isn’t it?一切都准备好了，是吗？ 3.当形容词或else(另外) 修饰复合不定代词something, everything, everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如： Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you.肖明，我有重要的事情要告诉你。 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一个助手。你能再给我们找一个吗？ 4.everyone = everybody, anyone = anybody,只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如： Is anybody here?有人吗？ You can take any one of these.你可以随便拿一个。 1. ______ are all college students, so we can help the old man solve the problem. A. You, he and I　 B. He, you and I　 C. You, I and he　　 D. I, he and you 2. Look at those red bags. ______ are all for _______. A. They; they　　 B. We; you　　　 C. They; us　　　 D. We; them 3. Can you take these apples to ______? _______ are all in the box, too. A. your; Yours　　 B. him; Him　　　 C. yours; Her　　 D. her; Yours 4. －Could I talk to you for ______ minutes, Mike? －Sorry, I have ______ time. A. a few; little　　　 B. little; few　　　 C. few; little　　　 D. a little; a few 5. －Who is singing in the classroom? －______ must be my sister. She likes singing. A. It　　　　 B. She　　　　　 C. This　　　　 D. He 6. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _______ one. A. other　　　 B. others　　　　 C. the others　　 D. another 7. －Your English is very good. Who taught you? －Nobody. I taught ______. A. me　　　　　 B. him　　　　　 C. himself　　　　 D. myself 8. I have two brothers. One is a teacher, and ______ is a doctor. A. other　　　　 B. the other　　　 C. another　　　 D. the others 9. There is _____ salt left, so you need to buy some this afternoon. A a few　　　　 B. few　　　　　 C. a little　　　 D. little 10. — Do you know everyone from Class One? — Er…, I know some of ______. A. they B. their C. theirs D. them 介词 介词分类 分类 例词 表示 时间 in, at, on, between, since, for, during, until, till, by, from…to, behind, by, before, past 表示 方位 in, at, on, around, before, in front of, between, behind, beside, near, under, above, below, next to, among, round 表示往返的方向 to, towards, round, around, through, across, from…to, into, out of, off, along 其他 by, to, like, unlike, of, except, about, against, with, but, as, without 1.in通常用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、上午、下午、晚上等词前，但后面接时间段，意为“在……之后”，用于将来时态；而after意为“在……之后”，要用于一般过去时。如： We are going to Beijing in two weeks.两周后我们将要去北京。 He went to America in 2003,after one year, he came back.他在2003年去了美国，一年后，他就回来了。 2.for和since在表示时间时，一般用于完成时，for与时间段连用，since与时间点连用。如： We haven’t seen each other for years.我们已经有好多年没有见面了。 His father has taught in this school since 1985.他的父亲自从1985年起就在这所学校教书。 3.表示位置时，in表示某一小地点在另一大地点之内；on表示两个地点相互接壤；to则表示两个地点互不接壤，并有一定的距离。如： Taiwan is in the southeast of China.台湾位于中国的东南部。 Shandong is on the north of Henan.山东位于河南的北部。 Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国东部。 4.between表示“在两者之间”，而among表示“在三者或三者以上之中”。但当between用于三者或三者以上时，强调“两两之间”，侧重指人或物各自独立；而among强调彼此不分离。如： We have too many desks in our class. There is hardly any room to move between them.我们教室里有太多的课桌，桌与桌之间几乎没有可以走动的空间了。 This village is among the hills.这个村子被群山环绕。 5.表示方位时，on表示一个物体的位置在另一个物体之上，两者的表面相接触；above表示一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高，通常两个物体表面不接触；over表示“在……的正上方”，强调在垂直的上方。如： There is a map on the wall.墙上有一张地图。 The lights are above our heads.灯在我们头顶上。 Some birds are flying over the sea.有一些鸟在海上飞。 6.with, in, by 三者都可以译为“用”，但用法不同：with表示用某种工具，所用的东西都是具体的物品；in表示用某种材料、语言、声调等；by表示用某种方法或手段，多指使用某种交通工具。试比较： Please write with a pen.请用钢笔书写。 She wrote a letter in a black ink.她用黑色的墨水笔写了一封信。 Can you say it in Japanese? 你能用日语说吗？ I go to school by bike.我骑自行车去上学。 7.besides和except都可译为“除……之外”，但含义不同：besides表示“除……以外，还有”，指在整体中加入一部分，含义是肯定的；except表示“从整体中除去一部分”，含义是否定的。如： We all went besides him.除他之外，我们大家也都去了。(他去了) We all went except him.除他之外，我们都去了。(他没有去) 8.instead of意为“代替”，后面接名词、代词或动名词；而instead是副词，意为“代替，顶替”，在句子中作状语，后面不能接任何成分。如： He will go instead of me.他将代替我去。 She went to school instead of staying at home.她没有待在家里而是上学去了。 Give me this instead.换这个给我吧。 9.across和through均可译为“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同：across的含义与on有关，表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；而through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行的。如： The dog ran across the grass.这条狗跑过草地。 They walked through the forest.他们步行穿过森林。 10.在this，that，these, next, last等组成的时间状语前不用介词。如: We are in Grade Two this year.今年我们上二年级。 Tom’s trouble is very common to boys these days.汤姆的问题这些天在男孩们中间很常见。 When did you go to bed last night?你昨晚几点上床睡觉的？ The next day she got up early and went to school without breakfast.第二天她起得很早，并且没吃早饭就去了学校。 11.当yesterday, tomorrow用作副词或构成短语时前面不用介词。如: Can you be here at eight tomorrow morning?你明早八点能在这里吗？ Were you at home yesterday evening？你昨晚在家吗？ 常用介词短语归纳 分类 例子 介词+名词 at home在家里；at school在学校；at noon在中午；at night在晚上；at work在工作；at sea在大海上；at the same time 同时；at times有时；at breakfast 早餐时；at midnight在午夜；at the moment在此刻；after a while 过了一会by bus 乘公共汽车;by the way 顺便说；by the time 到……时候；by turns 轮流；by mistake错误地；by the door在门口in hospital住院；in the hospital 在医院；in the end 最后；in order 整整齐齐；in order to 以便；in no time 很快就……；in the daytime在白天；in turn 轮流；in time 及时;in front 在前方；in English 用英语；in the future将来的某个时刻；in future(整个)将来；in fact 事实上on the way 在路上;on Sunday 在星期天 ；on show 展出；on display 陈列；on fire 着火；on duty 值日；on the other hand 另一方面；on foot 步行；on business 出差；on board 在船(飞机)上；on holiday 在休假；on the telephone 在接(打)电话；on time 准时；on the left/right 在左边/右边；on sale 在出售；on watch 值班；on the earth 在地球上with pleasure 很乐意；with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 be+形容词 +介词 be amazed at对……感到惊讶；be angry with生(某人的)气；be afraid of害怕；be busy with 忙于做……；be good at擅长于；be full of 充满be excited about对……感到兴奋；be kind to 对……和善；be interested in 对……感兴趣be famous for 因……而著名；be late for迟到；be popular with 受……欢迎be pleased with 对……感到满意；be proud of 对……感到骄傲；be ready for为……准备好be satisfied with对……满意；be worried about 为……担心 动词+介词 agree with 同意； ask for 请求；begin with 以……开始；come from 出生，来自；call at探访die of 死于；get on/off 上车/下车； fill…with 用……装；fall off从……落下hear from 收到(某人)的信；hear of 听说；look at 看；go to bed 去睡觉； go to school 去上学； look for 寻找；look after 照顾listen to 听……讲话；pay for 付钱；point to 指向；point at 指着；send for派人去叫；run across 碰到；talk about 谈论；think about 考虑;wait for 等候；write to 写信给……；worry about 担心laugh at 嘲笑；fall behind 落在……后面;knock at 敲 介词+名词 +介词 at the foot of在……脚下；on the top of在……顶端；in the middle of 在……中间；in the front of 在……前面；in the east of在……东部by means of借助；at the beginning of起初；by the end of 到……为止at the age of在……岁时；at the head of 在……前头 1.in front of和in the front of只差一个定冠词the，但用法不同：前者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容不存在包含关系；而后者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容存在包含关系。如： Li Lei sits in front of me,but Wang Fang sits behind me. 李雷坐在我前面，而王芳坐在我的后面。 The desk is in the front of the classroom.书桌在教室的前面。 2.in the tree和on the tree都可以译为“在树上”，但用法不同：前者in the tree一般指本身不是树上的事物，而后者on the tree一般指树上本身长的东西。如： I can see some birds in the tree.我能看到树上有一些小鸟。 There are some pears on the tree.树上结了一些梨。 3.in the wall表示嵌在墙里，而on the wall表示在墙的表面。如： There is a hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。 There is a map on the wall.墙上有一幅地图。 4.“在太阳下”用in the sun，“在某人的帮助下”用with one’s help或with the help of sb.如： Don’t read in the sun.别在太阳下看书。 With the teacher’s help，I got some progress.在老师的帮助下，我取得了一些进步。 选词填空（可重复选用）。 with，in，of，for，on， about 1. Could you tell me something ______ UFOs? I am really interested in it. 2. I can help you ______math. 3. The windows are _____ the wall. 4. My birthday is ______ February, 15 th . 5. What’s this _____ Japanese? 6. They usually play basketball ______Saturday morning. 7. This boy is ______ the tree. It’s very dangerous。 8. This is the map _____ China. 9. I eat an egg _______ breakfast, 10. He usually watches football game ____ TV. 本模块以“教育”为话题，描述学校特征及学校生活。它贴近学生生活，与学生的日常学习息息相关。本模块的语言技能和语言知识主要也是围绕“教育”这一中心话题设计的。 学生能够运用代词谈论学校的生活，能够将不同的学校进行对比，能够与同学交流自己对学校生活的观点。 素材积累 1．What is your school like?你的学校是什么样子的？ 2．Our school is bigger than yours. 我们的学校比你们的学校大。 3．We have an excellent swimming pool.我们有一个非常好的游泳池。 4．We have classes every weekday from 8：45 am to 3：15 pm.每个上学日我们从上午8：45上课到下午3：15结束。 5．We have four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon.我们上午有四节课，下午有三节课。 6．Our lessons start at 8：00 am and 2：00 pm. 我们早上8点上课，下午2点上课。 7．I like outdoor activities such as running and climbing.我喜欢像跑步和爬山这样的户外活动。 8．And we often play soccer in the playground after school.It's good for our health.放学后我们经常在操场上踢足球。这有利于我们的健康。 9．—How many pupils are there in your school?你们学校有多少名学生？—About…大约…… 10．We have a large sports ground for football and tennis, where we can play both during and after school hours.我们有一个大的运动场，可供我们课内外踢足球以及打网球。 11．I usually do my homework in the evening, and do some reading before going to bed at about 10：00. 晚上我通常做作业，然后在睡前读书，大约10点睡觉。 例题解析 三年的初中生活令人难忘，即将到来的高中生活更让人心生向往。你心目中的高中生活是什么样的？请以“What will my high school life be like？”为题，写一篇英语短文，从学习方式、课余生活和交友等方面描述一下你心目中的高中生活。80词左右。 What will my high school life be like? 写作迁移 　　学校校刊正在开展“保护校园环境,健康快乐生活”的征稿活动。请你根据以下提示,写一篇80词左右的短文。 写作要点: 1.保护校园环境; 2.养成健康的生活习惯; 3.与人相处融洽。 写作要求: 1.要点齐全,可适当发挥,使行文连贯; 2.语篇完整,语句通顺,语法正确,书写规范; 3.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名及透露个人信息的地名,否则不予评分; 4.文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。 　　It’s important for students to have a healthy school life.　 　  It’s important for students to have a healthy school life. What can we do to make it? Here are my suggestions to share with you.  First, we should keep our school clean and tidy. For example, we should clean our classroom every day. Second, we are supposed to develop a healthy living habit and take good care of ourselves, such as washing hands in time and wearing masks if necessary. Third, we should get on well with each other and try to keep happy. Finally, remember that doing sports every day can help us keep healthy. If we can do these, we will live a healthy school life. I hope that my suggestions will help you! 一 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.The teacher asked the girls to stand in the first 　　　(排). 2.Tony dropped his ball into a 　　　(水池) by accident. He didn’t know how to get it out.   3.I’m going to buy a 　　　(领带) for my father as a present on Father’s Day. 4.In our class, 　　　(大多数) students help their parents with chores.  5.And we also have an excellent swimming 　　　 (队).  二.用所给词的适当形式填空 6.Come and have a look at these 　　　(photo) I took yesterday.  7.—Did you enjoy 　　　(you) at the party, Mary?   —Yes, I did. I had a lot of fun. 8.I get on well with my parents. I enjoy 　　　(chat) with them after finishing my homework.  9.After walking for a long time, I felt 　　　 (real) tired. I wanted to have a rest.  10.You can find a partner 　　　 (practice) English with if you want to improve your spoken English.  三.单项选择 11.Your school library looks as modern as 　　　. Can you show me around? A.we B.us C.our D.ours 12.After taking tennis classes, Tim is much 　　　 than last year.  A.strong　　　 B.stronger C.strongest　　　 D.the strongest 13.Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second. We have 　　　 time left. A.few B.a few C.little D.a little 14.—Why did you shop on Douyin, Li Ting? —Because the goods there are 　　　 cheaper than those on the other platforms(平台).  A.a bit　　　　 B.a number of C.a lot of　　　　 D.a bit of 15.I asked my brother 　　　 students there were in his class. He told me that there were 25 boys and 20 girls.  A.how many　　　　 B.how much C.how often　　　 D.how long 四.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 16.孩子们一排排地坐在那里。 The children are sitting there 　　　 　　　.  17.让我看一看你的新钢笔吧。 Let me 　　　 　　　 　　　 at your new pen.  18.请告诉我你们的新房子是什么样子的。 Please tell me 　　　 your new house is 　　　.  19.看那些中国军人!他们都穿着一样的军装。 Look at the Chinese soldiers! They 　　　 　　　the same military uniforms.  20.这意味着可以和更多人一起玩耍。 This means more people 　　　 　　　 　　　.  二　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 1.You won’t p　　　 the PE exam successfully unless you exercise every day.  2.I knocked at the door and rang the b　　　, but nobody opened the door for me.  3.Some people learn German i　　　 of French. 4.My brother is active and he loves to take part in different kinds of outdoor a　　　 like running and climbing.   5.You will get into a good university i　　　 you keep studying hard in senior high school.   二.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 6.Once a term, there is a parents’ meeting, so our parents and teachers can talk about our 　　　 (进步).   7.I felt relaxed when Tom told me that he would be 　　　(在场的).  8.I think the movie called Born to Fly is a 　　　 (受欢迎的) movie. I want to watch it again.   9.Don’t trouble trouble 　　　(直到) trouble troubles you.  10.Tom was 　　　 (缺席) from classes yesterday because he caught a cold. 三.单项选择 11.—Is everyone in the classroom? —No, Linda isn’t. She is absent 　　　 class because she is ill. A.for B.from C.with　　　　 D.over 12.—How 　　　 you are! You’ve made so many good friends in your new school.  —You’re right. A.shy　　　　 B.lazy C.lucky　　　　 D.sad 13.—I like the coat but not the color. Have you got 　　　 one?  —Yes, I’ll show you. A.other　　　　 B.others C.the other 　　 D.another 14.　　　 you treat others with your heart, you will get friendship in return.  A.If B.Until　　 C.Unless 15.We need to tell people to just do one small thing well 　　　 100 things poorly.  A.as well as　　　　 B.instead of C.according to 　　　　 D.because of 四.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 16.应该鼓励儿童培养业余爱好,比如音乐和体育。 Children should be encouraged to take up outside interests 　　　 　　　 music and sport.  17.这台电脑有许多优势。最重要的是,它很便宜。 This computer has many advantages. 　　　 　　　, it is very cheap.  18.我看到一群男孩正在那边打篮球。 I saw 　　　 　　　 　　　 boys playing basketball over there.  19.我需要五本书。现在我有两本,所以我还需要三本。 I need five books. Now I’ve got two, so I need 　　　 　　　 books.  20.在你付款之前,你应该思考一下你是否真的需要它。 You should think about whether you really need it 　　　 you 　　　 for it.  能力提升 一 During the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang, also known as Kongming. He served for Liu Bei. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 1 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 2 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. There was only one 3 for Zhuge to take, the use of empty city. Zhuge Liang sent his soldiers to West City. He told them to 4 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 5 and he had secretly sent many soldiers around to fight the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall with two of his service boys and began to play his favourite music there. Sima Yi’s army had been told that West City was empty. However, when they arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they became 6 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 7 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and his words couldn’t be 8 trusted. He replied Zhuge that no matter whether the city was empty or not, he was not to enter. Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. General Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 9 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and was 10 . When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized about his weakness, and left that area. 1．A．ashamed B．difficult C．strange D．amazing 2．A．bigger B．smarter C．weaker D．nearer 3．A．reason B．choice C．order D．lesson 4．A．mend B．wash C．clean D．open 5．A．worry B．care C．fight D．shout 6．A．helpful B．doubtful C．joyful D．hopeful 7．A．trick B．game C．quiz D．joke 8．A．kindly B．slowly C．easily D．happily 9．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 10．A．fooled B．shaken C．beaten D．killed 二 Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to the earth again. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to May in China. In this article, we will explore the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth. The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow. The water cycle plays an important role in protecting our Earth’s climate. It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. On top of that, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need, it becomes a drought (旱灾). Besides, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our planet cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our planet alive. It’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our planet works and develop better methods to protect our Earth. And that is a responsibility (责任) we should take on. 1．Which season might have the most active water cycle in China? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Earth’s climate. B．The water cycle. C．Water vapour. D．Drinking water. 3．Which is the right order of the water cycle according to the text? ①Water returns to the ground.    ②Rain or snow falls down. ③Water vapour rises up.        ④Clouds are formed in the sky. A．③②④① B．④②③① C．④③②① D．③④②① 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To ask people to water plants. B．To encourage people to save water. C．To call on people to protect our planet. D．To inspire people to get close to nature. 三 阅读下面短文, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 City offers health tips for working at home Lin Hancheng, ____1____ official from the Shenzhen Municipal Health Commission, said at a press conference (新闻发布会) yesterday, “Shenzhen ____2____ (face) great stress at present on COVID prevention and control.” And the ____3____ (press) on supply (供给保障) has continued growing, too. Shenzhen’s health authority has offered four health tips to citizens ____4____ are working at home. Citizens ____5____ (advise) to pay close attention to their health and seek medical treatment in a timely manner in case of any suspicious symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue and sore throat. Citizens must avoid ____6____ (go) out as much as possible, and stop attending gatherings, visiting others, traveling or joining crowds. When going out, one must wear a mask ____7____ (proper), and carefully clean hands after returning home. Proper ventilation (通风) is also recommended. Rooms must be ventilated no less than ____8____ (one) in the morning and afternoon. And the ventilation should last for ____9____ least 30 minutes each time every day. Meanwhile, citizens should also develop good habits, arrange their time for work, study and rest reasonably, keep their immune systems _____10_____ (strength) and be physically and mentally healthy. 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$