专题05 考点拓展5& 句子种类 &写作指导（季节描写）-【寒假】2025年八年级英语寒假学习讲义（译林版）

专题05 考点拓展5& 句子种类 &写作指导（季节描写） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 2 三．语法考点 7 四．写作考点 20 五．阅读拓展 21 一．词汇拓展 1.wonder n./v.奇迹；想知道；琢磨→ adj. 精彩的 2.decide v.决定→ n. 决定；决心： 做决定 3.difference n.差异；不同→adj. 不同的→adv. 不同地，有差异地 4.enjoy v.喜欢；享受→adj. 有乐趣的→n. 享受 5.bore v.使厌倦→ adj.令人厌倦的→ adj.厌倦的 6.comfort v.安慰→ adj.舒适的→ adv.舒适地 7.angry adj.生气的，愤怒的→adv. 愤怒地；生气地→n. 愤怒 8.care v.关心，在意→ adj.认真的→ adj.粗心的→ adv.细致地 9.discuss v.讨论→ n.讨论 10.advice n.建议→v. 建议 11.health n.健康→ adj. 健康的→adv. 健康地 12.danger n.危险→ adj. 危险的 13.invite v.邀请→ n.邀请 14.mean v.意思是，意味着→n. 含义；意义→adj. 有意义的→adj. 毫无意义的 15.luck n.运气→ adj.幸运的→ adj.不幸的→ adv.幸运地 16.perform v.表演→ n.表演者→ n.表演 17.probable adj.可能的；也许→adv. 也许；可能 18.pollute v.污染→ n.污染→adj. 被污染的 19.possible adj.可能的→ adj.不可能的→adv. 可能地 20.prepare v.准备→ n.准备 21.environment n.环境→adj. 有关环境的 22.success n.成功→ adj.获得成功的→v. 成功 23.surprise n.惊喜→ adj.惊奇的 24.tradition n.传统→ adj.传统的 25.week n.星期→ adj./adv.每周的/地 26.bad/badly糟、坏→比较级 更糟→ 最糟；最坏 27.choose v.选择→n. 选择；抉择 28.say v.说话；说→n. 谚语；格言；警句 29.foreign adj.外国的→ 外国人 30.improve v.提高；提升→n. 提升；提高 31.science n.科学→n. 科学家 32.travel v.旅行→n. 旅行家→现在分词 二．考点拓展 考点1.辨析neither...nor...、 either...or...和both...and... An AI psychologist would need to understand about both psychology and technology. 考点 含义及用法 neither...nor... 意为“既不……也不……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” either...or... 意为“或者……或者……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” both...and... 意为“两个都……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词用其复数形式 选词填空(其中有一项多余)。 have　has　is　was　are　were 1.Neither his parents nor he 　 　 been to England.  2.Both he and I 　 　 from the countryside.  3.Neither the shoes nor the sweater over there 　 　 mine.  4.Both England and France 　 　 at war at that time.  5.Either the parents or their child 　 　 at home yesterday.  考点2.hundred和thousand的用法 The textbook tour is a connection between “reading thousands of books” and “travelling thousands of miles”. 情况 用法 例子 hundred和thousand后不接of 前面加具体的数字,放在名词前面,hundred和thousand和不加s He bought more than one hundred books. hundred和thousand后接of 表示不确定的数量,放在名词前,hundred和thousand加s The custom dates back hundreds of years. 按要求完成句子。 1.Every year 　 　 (成千上万的) people are hurt in road accidents because of careless driving. (翻译)  2.我去过一百多个不同的国家,并用五种不同的语言写过书。(根据汉语意思完成句子) I have been to over 　 　 and written books in five different languages.   3.他房间里有数百本书,他每天都花很多时间来读书。(根据汉语意思完成句子) He has　 　 in his room and he spends a lot of time reading every day.  考点3.die的用法 Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna (金枪鱼), may die because they find no food. 按要求完成句子。 1.The sick man is in danger of 　 　(die), and this made his relatives very sad.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  2.He has been dead for two years.(改为同义句) He 　 　.  3.Unluckily, Frank died 　 　 the accident. (盲填)  4.许多动物将会失去家园,并且可能灭绝。(根据汉语意思完成句子) Many animals would lose their homes and maybe 　 　.  5.他渐渐地没了声音,睡着了。(根据汉语意思完成句子) His voice 　 　 and he fell asleep.  考点4.protect的用法 The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep. protect意为“保护”,其主要搭配与用法如下: 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.当下大雨的时候,雨衣可以保护你的脸以免变湿。 The raincoat can 　 　getting wet when it rains heavily.  2.他会保护我。He will 　 　.  3.我会保护你免受伤害。I will 　 　 getting hurt.  考点5.pleasure的用法 —Thank you for your advice. —It's a pleasure./My pleasure. pleasure、pleased、pleasant与please是一组同根词,与“高兴”有关,但词性和具体用法各不相同: 易失分点 (it's)my pleasure 我很荣幸;别客气;非常高兴为您服务 with pleasure 客气地表示接受或同意,意为“当然了,很愿意” 一、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 1.The smile on the man's face shows that he 　 　(对……满意) the new work.  2.His sister sings well.She has a　 　(令人愉悦的) voice.  3.—Could you please help me carry the box?It's too heavy. —　 　(乐意效劳).  二、用pleasure/pleased/pleasant/pleasing填空。 It was a wonderful holiday last month. I paid a visit to my grandma. It was such a 4.　 　 to see her again. When I was young, she spent lots of time 5.　 　 me. And I could still remember the 6.　 　 days I spent with her. This time, I invited her to travel around Guangzhou. And she was also 7.　 　 with this idea. At last, we both had a good time.  考点6.wonder 的用法 I wonder what my friends would bring to put in the pot (锅) of soup if they were in the story. I wonder how many wonders like the Great Wall there are in the world. 我想知道在世界上有多少像长城这样的奇观。 一句多译。 难怪他昨天赢得了比赛。他已经准备了好几个月。 1.　 　 (用It's no wonder that...)  2.　 　 (用No wonder that...)  考点7.agree的用法 I'm not sure if I agree with them. 按要求完成句子。 1.When Tom asked me if my father agreed 　 　spend the holiday in the north, I said that he agreed 　 　 my idea. So we agreed 　 　 a date for it.(用恰当的介词填空)  2.After a heated discussion, they arrived at an 　 　(agree).(用所给词的适当形式填空)  3.He agrees to our plan.(改为同义句) He is　 　 our plan.  考点8.“也许”都不同 A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. may maybe may be 词义 可能 可能; 也许 可能是 词性 情态动词 副词 “情态动词+系动词”,作谓语 位置 在陈述句中, 放在主语后面, 动词原形前面 常位于句首, 作状语 may是情态动词, be是系动词, 与主语构成系表结构 按要求完成句子。 1.Maybe he is at home now. (改为同义句) He 　 　 　 　 at home now.   2.也许我应该向Joe道歉。(翻译) 　 　 I should say sorry to Joe.   3.——你认为他会回来吗? ——可能吧。(翻译) —Do you think he'll come back? —　 　.  考点9.fun的用法 Their answers might be fun! 按要求完成句子。 1.Music is 　 　(fun; useless) and valuable for children.(选词填空)  2.Don't be shy! People will not laugh at you.(改为同义句) Don't be shy! People will not 　 　 you.  3.人们应该参加运动,因为它们不仅可以娱乐身心而且有益于健康。(根据汉语意思完成句子) People should take part in sports, as they are not only 　 　 but also for health.  4.我们应该去度假放松并娱乐一下。(根据汉语意思完成句子) We should go for a holiday to relax and 　 　.  三．语法考点 十大词性&句子成分&五种基本句型 考点一 十大词性 词性 英文缩写 意义 主要语法点 可作成分 名词 n. 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称 ①可数名词&不可数名词 ②名词所有格 主、宾、表、定、 状、补、同位语 代词 pron. 指代名词或一句话 10种代词用法及辨析 主、宾、表、定、同 动词 V. 表示动作或状态 谓语动词 非谓语动词 主谓一致 主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补语 形容词 adj. 表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征、或属性 ①修饰名词/代词 ②比较级最高级 表、定、补 副词 adv. 表示行为或状态的特征 修饰动词/形容词 /副词/句子比较级最高级 状、补、表、定 数词 num. 表示数目多少或顺序 1基数词&序数词 2分数，时间等表达 主、宾、表、定、同 连词 conj. 连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句 1并列连词 2从属连词 虚 词 不 作 成 分 冠词 art. 帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 ①定冠词 ②不定冠词 ③零 冠 词 介词 prep. 表示名词、代词等与句中其它词的关系 1介词辨析 2与介词相关词组 感叹词 int. 表示说话时的喜悦，惊讶等情感或语气 无 考点二 基本成分 1. 主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 2. 谓语：动作（有时态、语态、单复数之分） I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 3. 宾语：动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 4. 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语情况。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 5. 表语（主语补足语）:补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。 Lisa was happy. 考点三 修饰成分 6. 状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 7. 定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 8. 同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 句子成分专练 1．This show gave people a way to make their dreams come true. A．谓语 B．宾补 C．定语 D．状语 2．She often helps Tom with his English. A．真正主语 B．宾语 C．主语 D．谓语 3．After a short rest, I felt much better. A．间接宾语 B．定语 C．直接宾语 D．表语 4．Would you like something to drink? A．状语 B．表语 C．主语 D．定语 5．Can you sleep well at night? A．谓语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．表语 6．I think the most popular program is Running Man. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 7．The sentence is long and difficult. A．表语 B．定语 C．状语 D．谓语 8．My father hardly ever watches TV. A．表语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．宾语 9．Tom cleans his bedroom once a week. A．状语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．宾语 10．Scott seems happy that the winter vacation is coming. A．宾语 B．定语 C．表语 D．状语 11．That girl with shorter hair is my daughter. A．主语 B．定语 C．状语 D．宾补 12．I lived in this house all my life. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾补 D．宾语 13．You have to climb the stones with both your hands and feet. A．宾语 B．主语 C．表语 D．谓语 14．Being outgoing is good for your life. A．主语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．表语 15．Who did you discuss the problem with in class? The underlined part is the same as _________. Who is interested in this story most in your family? A．Who B．is C．this story D．in your family 16．She lives with her parents in Beijing. 划线部分是句子的什么成分？ A．定语 B．主语 C．谓语 D．宾语 17．Some people like to meet friends on weekends. 划线部分是句子的什么成分？ A．定语 B．状语 C．主语 D．宾语 18．Jack rides a bike to school every day. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．主语 D．表语 19．My best friend looks very happy today. A．谓语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．表语 20．He made his father angry. A．谓语 B．表语 C．宾补 D．状语 21．My grandpa often walks in the park. A．状语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 22．Lucy’s father is an engineer. A．主语 B．状语 C．定语 D．谓语 23．Once upon a time, there was an old man. A．定语 B．表语 C．主语 D．宾语 24．Mike was reading in the library when I called him. A．表语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．状语 25．Mom often asks me to do chores. A．直接宾语 B．间接宾语 C．宾语补足语 D．状语 26．I have finished reading the book. A．谓语 B．状语 C．表语 D．定语 27．She should take her temperature. A．谓语 B．宾语 C．表语 D．状语 28．You can be a great writer if you work hard. A．主语 B．表语 C．状语 D．宾语 29．I found him reading English in the classroom. A．主语 B．表语 C．状语 D．谓语 考点 四 五种基本句型 1.主语+谓语(vi.) We work hard. 2.主语+谓语( vt.)+宾语 Tom bought a new book. 3.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 They offer me a job. 4.主语+系动词+表语 Great talkers are little doers. 5.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾补 He made me go home. 1．“Mrs Green teaches us English.” the type of this sentence is SVOO. Which is the same as this one? A．This new idea made me quite happy. B．I find him honest and hopeful. C．My cousin sent me a postcard. D．He is trying a new food. 2．The structure of the sentence “My father bought me a new book.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V 3．What is the sentence pattern of “They are planting trees.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+C+OC 4．Can you give me a bigger one than this? A．真正主语 B．形式主语 C．直接宾语 D．间接宾语 5．The sentence structure of “We call the giant panda Ru Yi.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 6．The sentence structure of “Teachers advise us to finish the homework on time. ” is ________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 7．Which is the sentence pattern of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+P 8．What is the sentence structure of “Jim found this film very interesting”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 9．The sentence structure of “I advise him to take a course in DIY.” is ________. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+O 10．Who invited you to go to the cinema yesterday? This sentence belongs to (属于) ______. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 11．Leaves turn green in spring. This sentence belongs to (属于) ______. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 12．The sentence structure of “Simon isn’t listening carefully to the teacher.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O D．S+V+DO+OC 13．Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 14．The sentence structure of “The news makes me very happy.” is ________. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+P C．S+V D．S+V+IO+DO 15．The structure of the sentence “We find it difficult to finish this task.” is “________”. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 16．This is my first time to take a course in DIY. This sentence belongs to _________. A．S+V +IO +DO B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 17．The sentence structure of “My job is to help you learn English.” is ________. A．S+V+ IO+ DO B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+O 18．In the sentence “The news made us all surprised.”, the underlined part is “ ”. A．P B．IO C．DO D．OC 19．Learning foreign languages is really fun. The structure of the sentence is________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 20．句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 21．The sentence structure of “They all give us many flowers.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 22．The sentence pattern of “My teacher encouraged me to take part in the show.” is ________. A．S + V + O B．S + V + P C．S + V + IO + DO D．S + V + O +OC 23．The sentence structure of “We find Alice in Wonderland interesting.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 24．—What is the structure of the sentence “The food tastes good.”? —It is________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 25．The sentence structure of “You seemed unhappy this morning” is ________. A．S+V+ IO +DO B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 26．The sentence structure of “I often hear him read books in the morning.” is “_______”. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 27．Which of the following does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to? A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+C 28．Which sentence structure is right for this sentence “Sandy gave Mike some bread.”? A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 29．—Mary, could you tell me the structure of the sentence “The good news made me happy.”? —OK. It’s ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+IO C．S+V+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 30．The main structure of the sentence “ Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks yesterday.” is ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 四．写作考点 如何写最喜爱的季节 1.话题分析 本单元话题“季节”，Task写作部分要求写“最喜爱的季节”，要求学生运用所学的知识描写喜欢的季节，写作时可直奔主题写明最喜爱的季节是什么并要求写出喜爱的原因，可加入最喜欢哪个地方的这个季节。其次写出喜爱季节的特点，包括温度，景象等，再次可以写出我和朋友们在这个季节可以做什么事情，比如可以做的户外活动和游戏等。最后写出自己喜爱这个季节的程度和心情。 2.常用短语 1.is my favourite season. 2.I always enjoy... 3.the temperature is usually... 4.be covered with/in... 5.It is often... 6.It is +adj. to do sth. 7.My friends and I often... 8.There is.../are... 3.思路点拨 审题 体裁 说明作文 话题 最喜爱的季节 时态 一般现在时 人称 第一人称 段落布局 一．引出话题：直接写出最喜爱的季节(可用短语：...is my favourite season.I always enjoy... ) 二．写出喜爱季节的特点及原因：包括 温度 和 景象 (可用短语：the temperature is usually... be covered with/in ,It is often...) 3. 在喜爱季节可以做的事情和户外活动 (可用短语：My friends and I often... I enjoy There is/are) 四．书写结语，呼吁大家享受大自然季节 4.经典例题 大自然赋予了我们美好的四季，每个季节都有不同的特点。树人学校英文杂志社正在举办以“My favourite season”为题的征文活动，请你写一篇英语作文，描述你最喜欢的季节，向杂志社投稿。 My favourite season 大自然赋予了我们美好的四季,每个季节都有不同的特点。树人学校英文杂志社正在举办以"My favourite season"为题的征文活动,请你写一篇英语作文,描述你最喜欢的季节,向杂志社投稿。 　　要求:1.覆盖要点,可适当发挥; 2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 My favourite season 五．阅读拓展 一 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C 和 D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In ancient times there was a king. The king was brave and peace-loving. His best friend was a 1 monkey, Batuknath. Once, someone told the king that a giant was 2 food from them but no one was brave enough to stop him because he was so big and powerful. So the king decided to ask the monkey for 3 . Batuknath advised the king to buy a drum, some fireworks (烟花), and some sharp arrows. Then they went to catch the giant. After weeks, they arrived in front of the giant’s house. Inside, the big giant was 4 . Batuknath asked the king to 5 somewhere so that the giant wouldn’t see him. Then Batuknath started playing the drum. And the drum was loud so the giant woke up. He shouted 6 , “Who is it?” “Hahaha I am the king of Giants,” Batuknath said. “You are a thief (小偷). I am waiting for you outside. Because I am so big 7 your home. But when you come outside, I will catch you.” After hearing this, the giant got afraid a bit. Then Batuknath threw the arrows inside and said these were his teeth. The giant started to be frightened more. And Batuknath lighted some 8 . After hearing the loud noise, the giant got so 9 that he started crying. Now Batuknath got his chance and said, “Alright poor giant. I can forgive you but you have to come outside. And don’t open your eyes, or you’ll die.” So the giant came outside with his eyes 10 . The king caught him at once. And the king thanked his monkey friend for his intelligence. 1．A．smart B．silly C．shy D．hard-working 2．A．making B．growing C．stealing D．stopping 3．A．help B．chance C．promise D．challenge 4．A．eating B．singing C．sleeping D．dancing 5．A．sit B．play C．hide D．shout 6．A．sadly B．happily C．angrily D．excitedly 7．A．find B．enter C．watch D．control 8．A．food B．drum C．arrows D．fireworks 9．A．afraid B．happy C．bored D．powerful 10．A．big B．open C．wide D．closed 二 The video “Hello! Spring Festival” by China Daily tells us what the Spring Festival is like in some foreigners’ eyes. “Chinese New Year is the most important festival in China, and the beautiful thing I like is the way we put up ‘Fu (福)’ outside. We change the direction, and it means that Fu has already come, ” said Emma, from France. Running a French restaurant in Hangzhou, Emma seems to know everything about it. Actually Barbara, a German designer who is running a children’s wear brand in Shenyang, is full of praise for Chinese food, especially Yuanxiao (元宵). “We always prepare some handmade lanterns (灯笼) to celebrate the Lantern Festival, ” she added, “This year for Chinese New Year I gave out some special Hongbao, but the most important thing is the money inside.” Zhang Luka from Italy is a big fan of Chinese culture. He told us what his first experience with the Spring Festival was like. “At that time, I saw everyone leaving, taking big bags and going back home. All of a sudden, all the restaurants were closed and take-out food was pretty difficult to order as well. What an unbelievable story! Luckily, after the first year, I got to meet many Chinese friends and enjoyed the holidays in a Chinese way. This was the opportunity for me to really get close to Chinese culture.” 1．Why does Emma change the direction of Fu? A．Because it can make her restaurant more popular. B．Because she thinks it is very interesting. C．Because it means Fu has already come. D．Because she doesn’t know anything about Chinese tradition. 2．According to the passage, which of the following is true? A．Emma is running an Italian restaurant in Hangzhou. B．Barbara always makes some lanterns to celebrate the Lantern Festival. C．Zhang Luka felt it was very usual when he saw everyone leaving. D．There was no money in the Hongbao that Barbara gave out. 3．What does the underlined word “opportunity” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Chance. B．Luck. C．Tradition. D．Praise. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Where foreigners celebrate the Spring Festival. B．What the Spring Festival is like in the eyes of foreigners. C．How foreigners celebrate New Year in their countries. D．Why foreigners like Chinese traditional culture. 三 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 We all know English is very important to us. However, different people have different ways to learn it. Here are some kids’ 1 (experience) of English learning. Let’s have a look. Li Nan 2 (move) to New York in 2017 and she has been there for three years. She joined a language club 3 started talking with others in English. So far, she 4 (make) a lot of friends in the club. They have helped her a lot 5 her English. John likes music and he thinks listening to music is 6 (use) for English learning. Taylor Swift is his favorite 7 (sing). He has already learned three songs of her. Jessica thinks reading is 8 good way to improve her English. She has already read a lot of books, such as Alice in Wonderland, Tom Sawyer and so on. In her opinion, reading gives her a good chance to know about the world. What’s more, she has improved 9 (she) vocabulary through reading. As we can see, there are different ways of learning English. We have to 10 (choose) a proper way and keep on learning English. After all, learning is a lifelong journey. 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 考点拓展5& 句子种类 &写作指导（季节描写） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 2 三．语法考点 7 四．写作考点 20 五．阅读拓展 21 一．词汇拓展 1.wonder n./v.奇迹；想知道；琢磨→ adj.wonderful精彩的 2.decide v.决定→ n.decision 决定；决心： make a decision做决定 3.difference n.差异；不同→adj.different 不同的→adv. Differently 不同地，有差异地 4.enjoy v.喜欢；享受→adj. enjoyable有乐趣的→n. enjoyment享受 5.bore v.使厌倦→boring adj.令人厌倦的→bored adj.厌倦的 6.comfort v.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地 7.angry adj.生气的，愤怒的→adv.angrily愤怒地；生气地→n.anger愤怒 8.care v.关心，在意→careful adj.认真的→careless adj.粗心的→carefully adv.细致地 9.discuss v.讨论→discussion n.讨论 10.advice n.建议→v.advise 建议 11.health n.健康→ adj.healthy健康的→adv. Healthily健康地 12.danger n.危险→ adj.dangerous危险的 13.invite v.邀请→invitation n.邀请 14.mean v.意思是，意味着→n.meaning含义；意义→adj. meaningful有意义的→adj. meaningless毫无意义的 15.luck n.运气→lucky adj.幸运的→unlucky adj.不幸的→luckily adv.幸运地 16.perform v.表演→performer n.表演者→performance n.表演 17.probable adj.可能的；也许→adv.probably也许；可能 18.pollute v.污染→pollution n.污染→adj.polluted被污染的 19.possible adj.可能的→impossible adj.不可能的→adv. possibly可能地 20.prepare v.准备→preparation n.准备 21.environment n.环境→adj.environmental有关环境的 22.success n.成功→successful adj.获得成功的→v. succeed成功 23.surprise n.惊喜→surprised adj.惊奇的 24.tradition n.传统→traditional adj.传统的 25.week n.星期→weekly adj./adv.每周的/地 26.bad/badly糟、坏→比较级worse更糟→worst最糟；最坏 27.choose v.选择→n.choice选择；抉择 28.say v.说话；说→n.saying谚语；格言；警句 29.foreign adj.外国的→foreigner 外国人 30.improve v.提高；提升→n.improvement提升；提高 31.science n.科学→n.scientist科学家 32.travel v.旅行→n.traveler旅行家→现在分词travelling 二．考点拓展 考点1.辨析neither...nor...、 either...or...和both...and... An AI psychologist would need to understand about both psychology and technology. 考点 含义及用法 neither...nor... 意为“既不……也不……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” either...or... 意为“或者……或者……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” both...and... 意为“两个都……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词用其复数形式 选词填空(其中有一项多余)。 have　has　is　was　are　were 1.Neither his parents nor he 　 　 been to England.  2.Both he and I 　 　 from the countryside.  3.Neither the shoes nor the sweater over there 　 　 mine.  4.Both England and France 　 　 at war at that time.  5.Either the parents or their child 　 　 at home yesterday.  1.has　2.are　3.is　4.were　5.was 考点2.hundred和thousand的用法 The textbook tour is a connection between “reading thousands of books” and “travelling thousands of miles”. 情况 用法 例子 hundred和thousand后不接of 前面加具体的数字,放在名词前面,hundred和thousand和不加s He bought more than one hundred books. hundred和thousand后接of 表示不确定的数量,放在名词前,hundred和thousand加s The custom dates back hundreds of years. 按要求完成句子。 1.Every year 　 　 (成千上万的) people are hurt in road accidents because of careless driving. (翻译)  2.我去过一百多个不同的国家,并用五种不同的语言写过书。(根据汉语意思完成句子) I have been to over 　 　 and written books in five different languages.   3.他房间里有数百本书,他每天都花很多时间来读书。(根据汉语意思完成句子) He has　 　 in his room and he spends a lot of time reading every day.  1.thousands of　2.one hundred different countries　3.hundreds of books 考点3.die的用法 Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna (金枪鱼), may die because they find no food. 按要求完成句子。 1.The sick man is in danger of 　 　(die), and this made his relatives very sad.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  2.He has been dead for two years.(改为同义句) He 　 　.  3.Unluckily, Frank died 　 　 the accident. (盲填)  4.许多动物将会失去家园,并且可能灭绝。(根据汉语意思完成句子) Many animals would lose their homes and maybe 　 　.  5.他渐渐地没了声音,睡着了。(根据汉语意思完成句子) His voice 　 　 and he fell asleep.  1.death　2.died two years ago 　3.from　4.die out 考点4.protect的用法 The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep. protect意为“保护”,其主要搭配与用法如下: 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.当下大雨的时候,雨衣可以保护你的脸以免变湿。 The raincoat can 　 　getting wet when it rains heavily.  2.他会保护我。He will 　 　.  3.我会保护你免受伤害。I will 　 　 getting hurt.  1.protect your face from/against 　2.protect me3.protect you from 考点5.pleasure的用法 —Thank you for your advice. —It's a pleasure./My pleasure. pleasure、pleased、pleasant与please是一组同根词,与“高兴”有关,但词性和具体用法各不相同: 易失分点 (it's)my pleasure 我很荣幸;别客气;非常高兴为您服务 with pleasure 客气地表示接受或同意,意为“当然了,很愿意” 一、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 1.The smile on the man's face shows that he 　 　(对……满意) the new work.  2.His sister sings well.She has a　 　(令人愉悦的) voice.  3.—Could you please help me carry the box?It's too heavy. —　 　(乐意效劳).  二、用pleasure/pleased/pleasant/pleasing填空。 It was a wonderful holiday last month. I paid a visit to my grandma. It was such a 4.　 　 to see her again. When I was young, she spent lots of time 5.　 　 me. And I could still remember the 6.　 　 days I spent with her. This time, I invited her to travel around Guangzhou. And she was also 7.　 　 with this idea. At last, we both had a good time.  1.is pleased with　2.pleasant　3.With pleasure4.pleasure　5.pleasing　6.pleasant　7.pleased 考点6.wonder 的用法 I wonder what my friends would bring to put in the pot (锅) of soup if they were in the story. I wonder how many wonders like the Great Wall there are in the world. 我想知道在世界上有多少像长城这样的奇观。 一句多译。 难怪他昨天赢得了比赛。他已经准备了好几个月。 1.　 　 (用It's no wonder that...)  2.　 　 (用No wonder that...)  1.It's no wonder that he won the match yesterday. He has prepared for it for months.　2.No wonder that he won the match yesterday. He has prepared for it for months. 考点7.agree的用法 I'm not sure if I agree with them. 按要求完成句子。 1.When Tom asked me if my father agreed 　 　spend the holiday in the north, I said that he agreed 　 　 my idea. So we agreed 　 　 a date for it.(用恰当的介词填空)  2.After a heated discussion, they arrived at an 　 　(agree).(用所给词的适当形式填空)  3.He agrees to our plan.(改为同义句) He is　 　 our plan.  1.to　to　on　2.agreement　3.in agreement with 考点8.“也许”都不同 A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. may maybe may be 词义 可能 可能; 也许 可能是 词性 情态动词 副词 “情态动词+系动词”,作谓语 位置 在陈述句中, 放在主语后面, 动词原形前面 常位于句首, 作状语 may是情态动词, be是系动词, 与主语构成系表结构 按要求完成句子。 1.Maybe he is at home now. (改为同义句) He 　 　 　 　 at home now.   2.也许我应该向Joe道歉。(翻译) 　 　 I should say sorry to Joe.   3.——你认为他会回来吗? ——可能吧。(翻译) —Do you think he'll come back? —　 　.  1.may　be　2.Maybe　3.Maybe 考点9.fun的用法 Their answers might be fun! 按要求完成句子。 1.Music is 　 　(fun; useless) and valuable for children.(选词填空)  2.Don't be shy! People will not laugh at you.(改为同义句) Don't be shy! People will not 　 　 you.  3.人们应该参加运动,因为它们不仅可以娱乐身心而且有益于健康。(根据汉语意思完成句子) People should take part in sports, as they are not only 　 　 but also for health.  4.我们应该去度假放松并娱乐一下。(根据汉语意思完成句子) We should go for a holiday to relax and 　 　.  1.fun　2.make fun of　3.for fun　4.have fun 三．语法考点 十大词性&句子成分&五种基本句型 考点一 十大词性 词性 英文缩写 意义 主要语法点 可作成分 名词 n. 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称 ①可数名词&不可数名词 ②名词所有格 主、宾、表、定、 状、补、同位语 代词 pron. 指代名词或一句话 10种代词用法及辨析 主、宾、表、定、同 动词 V. 表示动作或状态 谓语动词 非谓语动词 主谓一致 主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补语 形容词 adj. 表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征、或属性 ①修饰名词/代词 ②比较级最高级 表、定、补 副词 adv. 表示行为或状态的特征 修饰动词/形容词 /副词/句子比较级最高级 状、补、表、定 数词 num. 表示数目多少或顺序 1基数词&序数词 2分数，时间等表达 主、宾、表、定、同 连词 conj. 连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句 1并列连词 2从属连词 虚 词 不 作 成 分 冠词 art. 帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 ①定冠词 ②不定冠词 ③零 冠 词 介词 prep. 表示名词、代词等与句中其它词的关系 1介词辨析 2与介词相关词组 感叹词 int. 表示说话时的喜悦，惊讶等情感或语气 无 考点二 基本成分 1. 主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 2. 谓语：动作（有时态、语态、单复数之分） I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 3. 宾语：动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 4. 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语情况。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 5. 表语（主语补足语）:补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。 Lisa was happy. 考点三 修饰成分 6. 状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 7. 定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 8. 同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 句子成分专练 1．This show gave people a way to make their dreams come true. A．谓语 B．宾补 C．定语 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个节目为人们提供了实现梦想的途径。 考查句子成分。This show“节目”作主语；gave“给”作谓语；a way“一种途径”作宾语；their dreams“他们的梦想”作动词make“使”的宾语；come true“实现”是省略了to的动词不定式，作宾语补足语，补充说明dreams“梦想”的状态或结果。故选B。 2．She often helps Tom with his English. A．真正主语 B．宾语 C．主语 D．谓语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她经常在英语方面帮助汤姆。 考查句子结构。She是主语；often经常，作状语；helps是动词，作谓语；Tom是人名；with在……方面；his English作介词with的宾语。故选B。 3．After a short rest, I felt much better. A．间接宾语 B．定语 C．直接宾语 D．表语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：稍作休息后，我感觉好多了。 考查句子成分。这里“felt”是系动词，后接形容词“better”作表语，描述主语“I”的状态或特征，因此“much better”作表语。故选D。 4．Would you like something to drink? A．状语 B．表语 C．主语 D．定语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你想要一些喝的吗？ 考查句子成分。分析句子可知，动词不定式to drink作定语，修饰不定代词something。故选D。 5．Can you sleep well at night? A．谓语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．表语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你晚上睡得好吗? 考查句子成分。sleep是谓语动词，well副词修饰sleep，作状语。故选B。 6．I think the most popular program is Running Man. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为最受欢迎的节目是《奔跑吧，兄弟》。 考查句子结构。该句是宾语从句，I主句主语；think主句谓语，the most popular program从句主语；is从句系动词；Running Man从句表语。故选A。 7．The sentence is long and difficult. A．表语 B．定语 C．状语 D．谓语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个句子又长又难。 考查句子成分。long“长的”，difficult“难的”，形容词在句中作表语，故选A。 8．My father hardly ever watches TV. A．表语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．宾语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父亲几乎从不看电视。 考查句子成分。“My father”为主语；“hardly ever”为状语；“watches TV”为谓语动词。故选C。 9．Tom cleans his bedroom once a week. A．状语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆每周打扫一次他的卧室。 考查句子成分。句子中Tom是主语，cleans打扫，是谓语动词，his bedroom他的卧室，作谓语动词的宾语，once a week频率副词。故选B。 10．Scott seems happy that the winter vacation is coming. A．宾语 B．定语 C．表语 D．状语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Scott 对于寒假即将到来感到高兴。 考查句子成分。根据“Scott seems happy”可知，Scott为主语，seems为系动词，happy为表语。故选C。 11．That girl with shorter hair is my daughter. A．主语 B．定语 C．状语 D．宾补 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个头发更短的女孩是我的女儿。 考查句子成分。划线部分“with shorter hair”作后置定语修饰名词“That girl”。故选B。 12．I lived in this house all my life. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾补 D．宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我一生都住在这所房子里。 考查句子成分。I是主语；lived是谓语；in this house是介词短语作状语；all my life是时间状语。故选B。 13．You have to climb the stones with both your hands and feet. A．宾语 B．主语 C．表语 D．谓语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你必须手脚并用爬到石头上。 考查句子成分。分析该句子结构可知，You是主语，have to climb是谓语，the stones是宾语，with both your hands and feet是状语。故选D。 14．Being outgoing is good for your life. A．主语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．表语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：外向对你的生活有好处。 考查句子成分。分析句子可知，动名词短语“Being outgoing”在句中作主语。故选A。 15．Who did you discuss the problem with in class? The underlined part is the same as _________. Who is interested in this story most in your family? A．Who B．is C．this story D．in your family 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你在课堂上和谁讨论了这个问题？你们家里谁对这个故事最感兴趣？第一句中划线部分“Who”与第二句中划线部分“this story”相同。 考查句子结构。在“Who is interested in this story most in your family?”这个句子中“Who”为疑问词；“is”系动词；“this story”为介词宾语；“in your family”状语。因此，原句中划线部分“Who”作介词宾语，与“this story”中是一样的。故选C。 16．She lives with her parents in Beijing. 划线部分是句子的什么成分？ A．定语 B．主语 C．谓语 D．宾语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她和父母住在北京。 考查句子成分。She“她”，作主语；lives“居住”，动词，作谓语；with her parents in Beijing“和她母亲在北京”，为介词短语作状语。故选C。 17．Some people like to meet friends on weekends. 划线部分是句子的什么成分？ A．定语 B．状语 C．主语 D．宾语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有些人喜欢在周末见朋友。 考查句子成分。people人们，为名词，在句子中作主语。故选C。 18．Jack rides a bike to school every day. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．主语 D．表语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杰克每天骑自行车上学。 考查句子成分。Jack作主语； rides作谓语； a bike作宾语。因此划线部分在句中作谓语成分。故选B。 19．My best friend looks very happy today. A．谓语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．表语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友今天看起来很高兴。 考查句子成分。划线单词happy“高兴的，开心的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“looks”的表语。故选D。 20．He made his father angry. A．谓语 B．表语 C．宾补 D．状语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他惹他爸爸生气了。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，made为使役动词，划线部分为形容词作宾补。故选C。 21．My grandpa often walks in the park. A．状语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我爷爷经常在公园散步。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，often“经常”，副词，在句中作状语。故选A。 22．Lucy’s father is an engineer. A．主语 B．状语 C．定语 D．谓语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西的父亲是一名工程师。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，划线部分为名词的’s所有格形式，作定语，修饰“father”。故选C。 23．Once upon a time, there was an old man. A．定语 B．表语 C．主语 D．宾语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从前，有一个老人。 考查句子成分。该句为there be句型。Once upon a time作时间状语； 在there be句型中，主语位于be动词之后，因此an old man就是句子中的主语。故选C。 24．Mike was reading in the library when I called him. A．表语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．状语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我打电话给迈克时，他正在图书馆看书。 考查句子成分。分析句子可知，“Mike”作主语；“was reading”作谓语；“in the library”是介词短语作地点状语；“when I called him”是状语从句。故选D。 25．Mom often asks me to do chores. A．直接宾语 B．间接宾语 C．宾语补足语 D．状语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：妈妈经常让我做家务。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，这句话是“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构。名词Mom作主语，副词often作状语，修饰asks；动词asks作谓语，代词宾格me作宾语，to do chores是不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 26．I have finished reading the book. A．谓语 B．状语 C．表语 D．定语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我已经读完了这本书。 考查句子成分。分析句子可知，I“我”作主语，have finished “已经读完”作谓语，reading the book“读书”作宾语。故选A。 27．She should take her temperature. A．谓语 B．宾语 C．表语 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她应该量一下体温。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，这句话是“主谓宾”结构，代词“She”作主语，“should take”构成谓语，“her temperature”构成宾语。故选B。 28．You can be a great writer if you work hard. A．主语 B．表语 C．状语 D．宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你努力工作，你可以成为一名伟大的作家。 考查句子成分。划线部分位于be动词后，而be动词后是表语，所以划线部分是表语。故选B。 29．I found him reading English in the classroom. A．主语 B．表语 C．状语 D．谓语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我发现他在教室里读英语。 考查句子成分。found“发现”，是动词find的过去式，在句中作谓语，故选D。 考点 四 五种基本句型 1.主语+谓语(vi.) We work hard. 2.主语+谓语( vt.)+宾语 Tom bought a new book. 3.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 They offer me a job. 4.主语+系动词+表语 Great talkers are little doers. 5.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾补 He made me go home. 1．“Mrs Green teaches us English.” the type of this sentence is SVOO. Which is the same as this one? A．This new idea made me quite happy. B．I find him honest and hopeful. C．My cousin sent me a postcard. D．He is trying a new food. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“Mrs Green teaches us English.”这个句子的类型是SVOO。哪个和这个一样？ 考查句子结构。SVOO结构是主谓宾宾结构，分析句子可知，选项C中的My cousin是主语，sent是谓语，me是间接宾语，a postcard是直接宾语，和此结构一样。故选C。 2．The structure of the sentence “My father bought me a new book.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“我父亲给我买了一本新书”这句话的结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。 考查句子结构。根据句子可知，此句是带有双宾语的简单句，其中主语：My father；谓语：bought；间接宾语：me；直接宾语：a new book。故选C。 3．What is the sentence pattern of “They are planting trees.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+C+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“They are planting trees.”是什么句型？ 考查句子结构。they作主语，are planting是谓语，trees是宾语，故选B。 4．Can you give me a bigger one than this? A．真正主语 B．形式主语 C．直接宾语 D．间接宾语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你能给我一个比这个更大的吗？ 考查句子成分。 give sb. sth.“给某人某物”，直接宾语是sth.，间接宾语是sb.。故选D。 5．The sentence structure of “We call the giant panda Ru Yi.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我们叫大熊猫如意。”的句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。 考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，We是主语；call是谓语；the giant panda是宾语；Ru Yi是宾补。故选D。 6．The sentence structure of “Teachers advise us to finish the homework on time. ” is ________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“老师建议我们按时完成作业”的句子结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。 考查句子结构。根据“Teachers advise us to finish the homework on time.”可知，teachers作主语，advise作谓语，us作宾语，to finish the homework动词不定式作宾语补足语，on time作时间状语，句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。故选C。 7．Which is the sentence pattern of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“这块蛋糕尝起来很甜。”是下面哪个句型？ 考查英语中的句子成分。A选项为：主语+谓语+宾语；B选项为：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；C选项为：主语+谓语；D选项为：主语+系动词+表语。所给例句中“The cake”作主语，由感官系动词“tastes”作谓语动词，“sweet”为形容词作表语。故本句结构为：主语+系动词+表语。故选D。 8．What is the sentence structure of “Jim found this film very interesting”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“Jim觉得这部电影很有趣”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+P主语+谓语+表语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补。“Jim found this film very interesting”中，Jim作主语；found“发现”作谓语；this film“这部电影”作宾语；very interesting“很有趣”作宾语补足语。故选D。 9．The sentence structure of “I advise him to take a course in DIY.” is ________. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+O 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“我建议他参加一个DIY课程。”这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语。 考查句子结构。I作主语，advise作谓语，him作宾语，to take a course in DIY作宾语补足语。故选A。 10．Who invited you to go to the cinema yesterday? This sentence belongs to (属于) ______. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天谁邀请你去看电影？这个句子属于S+V+O+OC。 考查句子结构。who是特殊疑问词作主语；invited作谓语；you作宾语；to go to the cinema作宾语补足语；yesterday作状语。所以结构是：S+V+O+OC（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）。故选D。 11．Leaves turn green in spring. This sentence belongs to (属于) ______. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：树叶在春天变绿。这个句子属于主系表。 考查句子成分。Leaves作主语；turn系动词作谓语；green形容词作表语；in spring时间状语。因此是S+V+P。故选B。 12．The sentence structure of “Simon isn’t listening carefully to the teacher.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“Simon isn’t listening carefully to the teacher.”的句子结构是主谓宾。 考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，Simon为句子的主语；isn’t listening to为句子的谓语；the teacher为句子的宾语；carefully作状语；因此本句的结构是“S+V+O”。故选C。 13．Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Millie正在睡觉。句子结构是主谓。 考查句子结构。S+V表示“主语+谓语”；S+V+DO表示“主语+谓语+宾语”；S+V+P表示“主语+谓语+表语”；S+V+IO+DO表示“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。根据原句的句子结构分析可知，主语是Millie，谓语是is sleeping，没有宾语或表语，所以符合“主语+谓语”的结构，故选A。 14．The sentence structure of “The news makes me very happy.” is ________. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+P C．S+V D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“The news makes me very happy.”的句子结构是“主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语”。 考查句子结构。The news作主语(S)；makes作谓语(V)；me作直接宾语(DO)；very happy作宾语补足语(OC)，补充说明宾语的状态。故选A。 15．The structure of the sentence “We find it difficult to finish this task.” is “________”. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们发现完成这项任务很难。 考查句子结构。We是句子的主语（S），表示“我们”。find是谓语动词（V），表示“发现”。it是形式宾语（DO），真正的宾语是后面的“to finish this task”。“difficult to finish this task”是宾语补足语（OC），用来补充说明宾语“it”的情况。所以这个句子的结构是“S+V+DO+OC”。故选D。 16．This is my first time to take a course in DIY. This sentence belongs to _________. A．S+V +IO +DO B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我第一次参加DIY课程。这个句子属于主语+系动词+表语。 考查句子结构。在句子This is my first time to take a course in DIY中This是主语；is是系动词；my first time是表语，故选C。 17．The sentence structure of “My job is to help you learn English.” is ________. A．S+V+ IO+ DO B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+O 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“我的工作是帮助你学习英语”的句子结构是主系表结构。 考查句子结构。S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补；S+V+O主+谓+宾。分析句子可知，My job主语；is系动词；to help you learn English表语。故选B。 18．In the sentence “The news made us all surprised.”, the underlined part is “ ”. A．P B．IO C．DO D．OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：句子“The news made us all surprised”的下划线部分是宾语补足语(OC)。 考查句子成分辨析。P表示表语；IO表示间接宾语；DO表示直接宾语；OC表示宾补。make是使役动词，结构为make sb. adj.，形容词在此作宾补。故选D。 19．Learning foreign languages is really fun. The structure of the sentence is________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】句意： 学习外语真的很有趣。这个句子的结构是主语+系动词+表语。 考查句子成分。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。根据“Learning foreign languages is really fun.”可知，Learning foreign languages是主语，is是系动词，fun是表语。故选C。 20．句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】B 【详解】句意：句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型？ 考查句子基本句型。此处主语为Your team；won为谓语；a basketball game为宾语。属于“S+V+O”结构。故选B。 21．The sentence structure of “They all give us many flowers.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“他们都给我们很多花”的句子结构是主+谓+间宾+直宾。 考查句子结构。They是主语，give是谓语，us是间接宾语，many flowers是直接宾语。故选D。 22．The sentence pattern of “My teacher encouraged me to take part in the show.” is ________. A．S + V + O B．S + V + P C．S + V + IO + DO D．S + V + O +OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我的老师鼓励我参加演出”的句型是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，My teacher作主语；encouraged作谓语；me作宾语；to take part in the show作宾语补足语。故选D。 23．The sentence structure of “We find Alice in Wonderland interesting.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“We find Alice in Wonderland interesting.”的句子结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。 考查句子成分和基本句型。S+V表示“主语+谓语”，S+V+O表示“主语+谓语+宾语”，S+V+IO+DO表示“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”，S+V+DO+OC表示 “主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。We是主语，find是谓语，Alice in Wonderland是宾语，interesting是宾语补足语，故选D。 24．—What is the structure of the sentence “The food tastes good.”? —It is________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——“食物尝起来美味。”这个句子是什么结构？——它是“主语+系动词+表语”结构。 考查句子结构。“The food”是主语，“tastes”是感官系动词，“good”是表语，用来说明主语“The food”的特征。故选D。 25．The sentence structure of “You seemed unhappy this morning” is ________. A．S+V+ IO +DO B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“You seemed unhappy this morning”的句子结构是主系表。 考查句子结构。S+V+ IO +DO主语+谓语+间宾+直宾；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语； S+V+DO主谓宾；S+V+P主系表。You （主语）seemed（系动词）unhappy（表语） this morning（状语），故选D。 26．The sentence structure of “I often hear him read books in the morning.” is “_______”. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我经常听到他早上看书”的句子结构是“S+V+DO+OC”。 考查句子结构。I作主语；hear作谓语；him作宾语；read books作宾语补足语。所以句子结构是 S+V+DO+OC。故选D。 27．Which of the following does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to? A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+C 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“Sad movies often make me unhappy”这句话属于以下哪一种？ 考查句子结构。Sad movies是主语；make是谓语；me是宾语；unhappy是形容词作宾补。此句为“主语+谓语+宾语+补语”。故选D。 28．Which sentence structure is right for this sentence “Sandy gave Mike some bread.”? A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“Sandy gave Mike some bread.”这个句子的哪个句子结构是正确的？ 考查句子结构。Sandy作主语；gave作谓语；Mike作间接宾语；some bread作直接宾语。所以句子结构是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。故选B。 29．—Mary, could you tell me the structure of the sentence “The good news made me happy.”? —OK. It’s ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+IO C．S+V+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——玛丽，你能告诉我“The good news made me happy.”这句话的结构吗？——好的。它是主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语。 考查句子结构。The good news是主语；made是谓语；me是宾语；happy是宾补。故选D。 30．The main structure of the sentence “ Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks yesterday.” is ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“霍博昨天用木棍给埃迪盖了一个帐篷”这句话的主要结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。 考查句子结构。Hobo是主语，built是谓语，Eddie是间接宾语，a tent是直接宾语，with sticks是方式状语，yesterday是时间状语，所以该句的主要结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”，即“S+V+IO+DO”。故选C。 四．写作考点 如何写最喜爱的季节 1.话题分析 本单元话题“季节”，Task写作部分要求写“最喜爱的季节”，要求学生运用所学的知识描写喜欢的季节，写作时可直奔主题写明最喜爱的季节是什么并要求写出喜爱的原因，可加入最喜欢哪个地方的这个季节。其次写出喜爱季节的特点，包括温度，景象等，再次可以写出我和朋友们在这个季节可以做什么事情，比如可以做的户外活动和游戏等。最后写出自己喜爱这个季节的程度和心情。 2.常用短语 1.is my favourite season. 2.I always enjoy... 3.the temperature is usually... 4.be covered with/in... 5.It is often... 6.It is +adj. to do sth. 7.My friends and I often... 8.There is.../are... 3.思路点拨 审题 体裁 说明作文 话题 最喜爱的季节 时态 一般现在时 人称 第一人称 段落布局 一．引出话题：直接写出最喜爱的季节(可用短语：...is my favourite season.I always enjoy... ) 二．写出喜爱季节的特点及原因：包括 温度 和 景象 (可用短语：the temperature is usually... be covered with/in ,It is often...) 3. 在喜爱季节可以做的事情和户外活动 (可用短语：My friends and I often... I enjoy There is/are) 四．书写结语，呼吁大家享受大自然季节 4.经典例题 大自然赋予了我们美好的四季，每个季节都有不同的特点。树人学校英文杂志社正在举办以“My favourite season”为题的征文活动，请你写一篇英语作文，描述你最喜欢的季节，向杂志社投稿。 My favourite season Hey, I’m Susan. There are four seasons in a year, and every season is different. Because of this, everyone has his favourite season. My favourite season is spring. In spring, the weather gets warmer and the days get longer. The trees and grass turn green, and all kinds of flowers come out. It’s very beautiful. I can do lots of outdoor activities. Sometimes I climb the hill with my parents, and sometimes I fly kites with my friends in the park. When it rains, I like going out for a walk. The rain makes the air fresh and it makes me feel relaxed. I think it’s wonderful. As the saying goes, “A year’s plan starts with spring.” Let’s go outside to enjoy the beautiful nature. 大自然赋予了我们美好的四季,每个季节都有不同的特点。树人学校英文杂志社正在举办以"My favourite season"为题的征文活动,请你写一篇英语作文,描述你最喜欢的季节,向杂志社投稿。 　　要求:1.覆盖要点,可适当发挥; 2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 My favourite season My favourite season 　　My favourite season is spring. Spring is a lovely season. When spring comes, it is warm and windy. The flowers and grass come out, and the trees turn green. Children go out of the house in their beautiful clothes. There are many butterflies and bees over the flowers. The butterflies are dancing and the bees are singing. Everything seems beautiful. How beautiful spring is!  　　I enjoy flying kites and taking a trip in spring. I also make the whole year's plan in this season. As the saying goes, spring is the best time to do the year's work. I hope I can gain much in the first season of the year!  　　Spring is a poem. Spring is a song. I love spring. 五．阅读拓展 一 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C 和 D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In ancient times there was a king. The king was brave and peace-loving. His best friend was a 1 monkey, Batuknath. Once, someone told the king that a giant was 2 food from them but no one was brave enough to stop him because he was so big and powerful. So the king decided to ask the monkey for 3 . Batuknath advised the king to buy a drum, some fireworks (烟花), and some sharp arrows. Then they went to catch the giant. After weeks, they arrived in front of the giant’s house. Inside, the big giant was 4 . Batuknath asked the king to 5 somewhere so that the giant wouldn’t see him. Then Batuknath started playing the drum. And the drum was loud so the giant woke up. He shouted 6 , “Who is it?” “Hahaha I am the king of Giants,” Batuknath said. “You are a thief (小偷). I am waiting for you outside. Because I am so big 7 your home. But when you come outside, I will catch you.” After hearing this, the giant got afraid a bit. Then Batuknath threw the arrows inside and said these were his teeth. The giant started to be frightened more. And Batuknath lighted some 8 . After hearing the loud noise, the giant got so 9 that he started crying. Now Batuknath got his chance and said, “Alright poor giant. I can forgive you but you have to come outside. And don’t open your eyes, or you’ll die.” So the giant came outside with his eyes 10 . The king caught him at once. And the king thanked his monkey friend for his intelligence. 1．A．smart B．silly C．shy D．hard-working 2．A．making B．growing C．stealing D．stopping 3．A．help B．chance C．promise D．challenge 4．A．eating B．singing C．sleeping D．dancing 5．A．sit B．play C．hide D．shout 6．A．sadly B．happily C．angrily D．excitedly 7．A．find B．enter C．watch D．control 8．A．food B．drum C．arrows D．fireworks 9．A．afraid B．happy C．bored D．powerful 10．A．big B．open C．wide D．closed 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一只猴子运用智慧抓住了巨人的故事。 1．句意：他最好的朋友是一只聪明的猴子，巴图克纳特。 smart聪明的；silly愚蠢的；shy害羞的；hard-working勤奋的。根据“And the king thanked his monkey friend for his intelligence.”可知，猴子很聪明。故选A。 2．句意：有一次，有人告诉国王，一个巨人正在偷他们的食物，但是没有人有足够的勇气去阻止他，因为他是如此的高大和强大。 making制造；growing生长；stealing偷窃；stopping阻止。根据“You are a thief”可知，巨人是在偷食物。故选C。 3．句意：于是国王决定向猴子求助。 help帮助；chance机会；promise承诺；challenge挑战。根据“ask the monkey for”可知，此处考查动词短语ask sb for help“向某人求助”。故选A。 4．句意：巨人正在里面睡觉。 eating吃饭；singing唱歌；sleeping睡觉；dancing跳舞。根据“And the drum was loud so the giant woke up.”可知，巨人正在睡觉。故选C。 5．句意：巴图克纳特让国王躲到某个地方，这样巨人就看不见他了。 sit坐下；play玩耍；hide隐藏；shout喊叫。根据“so that the giant wouldn’t see him”可知，此处是指藏起来不被巨人发现。故选C。 6．句意：他生气地喊道：“是谁？” sadly悲伤地；happily快乐地；angrily生气地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“And the drum was loud so the giant woke up.”可知，巨人被吵醒了，很生气。故选C。 7．句意：因为我太大了，进不了你家。 find发现；enter进入；watch看见；control控制。根据“I am waiting for you outside.”和“But when you come outside, I will catch you.”可知，此处指进不去巨人的家、故选B。 8．句意：巴图克纳特点燃了一些烟花。 food食物；drum鼓；arrows箭；fireworks烟花。根据“lighted”和“hearing the loud noise”可知，能被点燃且会发出巨大噪声的只有烟花。故选D。 9．句意：听到巨大的声响后，巨人害怕得哭了起来。 afraid害怕的；happy快乐的；bored无聊的；powerful强大的。根据“The giant started to be frightened more.”可知，巨人很害怕。故选A。 10．句意：于是巨人闭着眼睛走了出来。 big大的；open打开；wide宽的；closed关闭。根据“And don’t open your eyes, or you’ll die.”可知，猴子让巨人闭上眼睛。故选D。 二 The video “Hello! Spring Festival” by China Daily tells us what the Spring Festival is like in some foreigners’ eyes. “Chinese New Year is the most important festival in China, and the beautiful thing I like is the way we put up ‘Fu (福)’ outside. We change the direction, and it means that Fu has already come, ” said Emma, from France. Running a French restaurant in Hangzhou, Emma seems to know everything about it. Actually Barbara, a German designer who is running a children’s wear brand in Shenyang, is full of praise for Chinese food, especially Yuanxiao (元宵). “We always prepare some handmade lanterns (灯笼) to celebrate the Lantern Festival, ” she added, “This year for Chinese New Year I gave out some special Hongbao, but the most important thing is the money inside.” Zhang Luka from Italy is a big fan of Chinese culture. He told us what his first experience with the Spring Festival was like. “At that time, I saw everyone leaving, taking big bags and going back home. All of a sudden, all the restaurants were closed and take-out food was pretty difficult to order as well. What an unbelievable story! Luckily, after the first year, I got to meet many Chinese friends and enjoyed the holidays in a Chinese way. This was the opportunity for me to really get close to Chinese culture.” 1．Why does Emma change the direction of Fu? A．Because it can make her restaurant more popular. B．Because she thinks it is very interesting. C．Because it means Fu has already come. D．Because she doesn’t know anything about Chinese tradition. 2．According to the passage, which of the following is true? A．Emma is running an Italian restaurant in Hangzhou. B．Barbara always makes some lanterns to celebrate the Lantern Festival. C．Zhang Luka felt it was very usual when he saw everyone leaving. D．There was no money in the Hongbao that Barbara gave out. 3．What does the underlined word “opportunity” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Chance. B．Luck. C．Tradition. D．Praise. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Where foreigners celebrate the Spring Festival. B．What the Spring Festival is like in the eyes of foreigners. C．How foreigners celebrate New Year in their countries. D．Why foreigners like Chinese traditional culture. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍外国人眼里的中国春节是什么样子的。 1．细节理解题。根据“We change the direction, and it means that Fu has already come.”可知，改变“福”字的方向，意味着“福”到了。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“ ‘We always prepare some handmade lanterns (灯笼) to celebrate the Lantern Festival, ’ she added”可知，Barbara总是制作一些灯笼来庆祝元宵节。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Luckily, after the first year, I got to meet many Chinese friends and enjoyed the holidays in a Chinese way. This was the opportunity for me to really get close to Chinese culture.”可知，Zhang Luka认识了很多中国朋友，享受了中国新年假期，这是接近中国文化的机会，故opportunity表示“机会”。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The video ‘Hello! Spring Festival’ by China Daily tells us what the Spring Festival is like in some foreigners’ eyes.”可知，本文主要介绍外国人眼里的中国春节是什么样子的。故选B。 三 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 We all know English is very important to us. However, different people have different ways to learn it. Here are some kids’ 1 (experience) of English learning. Let’s have a look. Li Nan 2 (move) to New York in 2017 and she has been there for three years. She joined a language club 3 started talking with others in English. So far, she 4 (make) a lot of friends in the club. They have helped her a lot 5 her English. John likes music and he thinks listening to music is 6 (use) for English learning. Taylor Swift is his favorite 7 (sing). He has already learned three songs of her. Jessica thinks reading is 8 good way to improve her English. She has already read a lot of books, such as Alice in Wonderland, Tom Sawyer and so on. In her opinion, reading gives her a good chance to know about the world. What’s more, she has improved 9 (she) vocabulary through reading. As we can see, there are different ways of learning English. We have to 10 (choose) a proper way and keep on learning English. After all, learning is a lifelong journey. 【答案】1．experiences 2．moved 3．and 4．has made 5．with 6．useful 7．singer 8．a 9．her 10．choose 【导语】本文介绍了一些孩子的英语学习经历。 1．句意：以下是一些孩子的英语学习经历。根据“Here are…”可知，此处应用复数形式experiences，意为“经历”，故填experiences。 2．句意：李楠于2017年搬到纽约，在那里已经住了三年。根据“in 2017”可知，前半句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填moved。 3．句意：她加入了一个语言俱乐部，开始用英语与他人交谈。前后表示并列关系，所以用并列连词and，故填and。 4．句意：到目前为止，她在俱乐部交了很多朋友。根据“So far”可知，该句为现在完成时“have/has done”，主语为she，助动词用has，故填has made。 5．句意：他们在英语方面对她帮助很大。help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，故填with。 6．句意：约翰喜欢音乐，他认为听音乐对英语学习很有用。be useful for意为“对……有用”，故填useful。 7．句意：泰勒·斯威夫特是他最喜欢的歌手。形容词性物主代词his后跟名词形式，动词sing的名词为singer，意为“歌手”，根据be动词is可知应用单数形式，故填singer。 8．句意：杰西卡认为阅读是提高英语水平的好方法。此处表泛指，指一个好方法，good以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。 9．句意：更重要的是，她通过阅读提高了词汇量。修饰名词vocabulary应用形容词性物主代词，人称代词she的形容词性物主代词为her，故填her。 10．句意：我们必须选择一种正确的方式，继续学习英语。have to do sth.意为“必须做某事”，故填choose。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$