精品解析：山东省潍坊市高密市二校联考2024-2025学年八年级上学期12月月考英语试题

八年级英语第二次阶段性检测试题 时间:90分钟 满分:110分 第Ⅰ卷 一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） (A) Once upon a time, there was a wild donkey (毛驴) and a tame donkey. The wild donkey was thin and small. He spent his life outdoors. The grass on the hill was his food all the year round. Sometimes, he had to walk miles to find fresh water and night there was always danger from wolves. The tame donkey was fat and strong. During summer he ate the rich grass while in winter he had corn and hay (干草) to eat. There was always fresh water for him to drink and at night he stayed safely in a stable (马厩). The wild donkey always wished he could live like the tame donkey. One day, the wild donkey was looking for grass on the hill. Looking down, he saw the tame donkey walking slowly along the road, carrying lots of wood. As he watched, the tame donkey stopped to eat some grass by the roadside. Suddenly, his owner began to beat him with a stick. “I’ve changed my mind about your way of life,” thought the wild donkey. “I see that you have to pay heavily for the food they give you.” 1. What does the underlined word “tame” in the passage mean in Chinese? A. 驯养的 B. 漂亮的 C. 傲慢的 D. 强壮的 2. The wild donkey looked down at the hill and saw ________. A. the tame donkey was carrying wood B. the tame donkey was eating and drinking freely C another donkey was carrying wood D. a man was giving his donkey something to eat 3. What can we learn from this passage? A. The wild donkey lived a bad life. B. The tame donkey lived a good life. C. We should always help others. D. Life is not easy for everyone. (B) I did something wrong today. While at the beach this afternoon, I met a boy called Bob. We talked a lot. He said that it was fun playing on the cliffs (悬崖). I told him that I was not allowed to go near that place (Mom and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there). He called me a coward. I wanted to show him that I was just as brave as him, so I agreed to go with him. We wanted to make our way down to explore (探索) the area, so Bob started to climb down and I followed him. Unluckily, some rocks came down after us. One of them nearly hit my head. We could not get back up. We shouted and shouted for help, but for a long time no help came. I was really scared. I wanted to cry. Then, we heard some sounds. Someone had heard us. A woman tied (系) a rope around herself while a man at the cliff top held the rope. She made her way down to save us. My parents were relieved (宽慰的) that I was unhurt, but they were angry that I had done such a risky thing. I apologized (道歉) and promised that I would not do anything like that again. 4. Where did the writer meet Bob? A. At school. B. In the park. C. At the beach. D. On the cliffs. 5 The underlined word “coward” means ________. A. a person who is not brave B. a person who is not clever C. a person who is not strong D. a person who is not polite 6. What had the writer’s parents always warned him about? A. The wind was very strong. B. The beach was too far away. C. The cliffs were not a safe place. D. Bob was difficult to get on with. 7. How did the writer feel about what he had done? A. Surprised. B. Excited. C. Glad. D. Sorry. (C) Do you know Eskimos (爱斯基摩人)? Let me tell you something about their lives. Eskimos live near the North Pole (北极). There are only two seasons there, winter and summer. There is no spring or autumn there. The winter nights are long. You can’t see the sun for more than two months, even at midday. The summer days are long. For more than two months, the sun never goes down and there’s no night. Eskimos have warm clothes. They make their clothes from the skins (毛皮) of animals. From skins they make coats, caps and shoes. Near the North Pole trees can’t grow, for it is too cold there. Eskimos have to make their houses from skins, snow or stone. When they get out in storms and can’t get back home, they make houses of snow. They leave these houses when the storm is over. Life is hard for Eskimos, but they still like to live there. 8. Near the North Pole there are _____ in a year. A. two seasons — winter and summer B. two seasons — spring and autumn C. four seasons D. two seasons sometimes and four seasons sometimes 9. Eskimos use skins of animals to make _____. A. clothes B. houses C. beds D. both A and B 10. There are no _____ near the North Pole. A. days B. nights C. trees D. animals 11. Eskimos make houses of snow to protect themselves from _____. A. animals B. storms C. snow D. rain (D) People from other countries will find many different surprising things in Britain. A man from Greece sees a special way of driving in Britain. ____12____ but the British people never feel surprised. The Greek man said, “I’ve been in Britain for nearly a month now. But at first, I couldn’t always remember to drive on the left. Every time, my friend reminded me.” Japanese people can’t understand why British people keep their shoes on at home. ____13____ If a visitor keeps his shoes on at home in Japan, the Japanese people will think he is very impolite. The Spanish people mind the way that the British people greet each other. ____14____ When they meet, they just smile or nod but never kiss or hug (拥抱) in Spain. But the British people think kissing is a very usual greeting when they meet! ____15____ When we go to a foreign country, we should follow the etiquette (礼节) of the country. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. People drive on the left in the British street B. There is an old saying, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” C. In Japan, people walk in the room without shoes. D. I think it is polite for British people. E. They themselves seem to be afraid of touching. 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） Then she saw another door that was only forty centimeters(厘米) high. The little gold key unlocked(开锁) this door easily, but of course Alice could not get through it — she was much too ____16____. So she lay on the floor and looked through the open door into a beautiful ____17____ with green trees and bright flowers. Poor Alice was very ____18____ “What a wonderful garden!” she said to herself. “I’d like to be out there — not in this ____19____ room. Why can’t I get smaller?” It was already a very strange(奇怪的) day, and Alice was beginning to think that anything was possible. After a while she locked the door again, got up and went back to the glass table. She put the key down and then she saw a little bottle on the table. “I’m sure ____20____ wasn’t here before,” said Alice. Round the neck of the bottle was a piece of paper with the words “____21____ ME” in large letters. But Alice was a ____22____ girl. “It can be dangerous to drink out of strange bottles,” she said. “What will it do to me?” She drank a little bit very slowly. The ____23____ was very nice, like chocolate and oranges and hot sweet coffee, and very soon Alice finished the bottle. “What a strange ____24____!” said Alice, “I think I’m getting _____25_____ every second.” A few minutes later she was only twenty-five centimeters high. “And now,” she said happily, “I can get through the little door into that beautiful garden.” An excerpt(节选) from Alice in Wonderland 16. A. young B. short C. small D. big 17. A. park B. lake C. garden D. zoo 18. A. tired B. weak C. unhappy D. happy 19. A. dark B. ugly C. old D. bright 20. A. she B. it C. he D. they 21. A. EAT B. TAKE C. FOLLOW D. DRINK 22. A. shy B. careful C. brave D. careless 23. A. weather B. food C. taste D. sound 24. A. movie B. feeling C. story D. experience 25. A. taller and taller B. bigger and bigger C. younger and younger D. smaller and smaller 第Ⅱ卷 三、根据音标或首字母完成短文(共10小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分) 26. As students, we must pay ________ [ə'tenʃən] to our study. 27. The need for food is i_______ quickly in some countries now because of the fast-growing population. 28. The doctor told me to take the _______ /ˈmedsn/ three times a day. 29. I ________ [θru:] the ball to him and he caught it. 30. My mother was ________ [prɪ’peərɪŋ] dinner when I got home yesterday. 31 Allen f________ down a hole but luckily she got out of it quickly. 32. Thanks for ________ [sɒlvɪŋ] the problem for me. 33. The ________ ['sɜːvɪsɪz] in that restaurant are the best. 34. If you don’t go to hospital in time, you will get even w________ later on. 35. There will be less p________ if people take buses to work instead of driving cars. 四、词汇应用（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） Jo is fifteen and lives in Parkville. When Jo’s grandparents first ____36____ (come) to Parkville it was a quiet village. They had a small house, close to fields and hills. Parkville was near Arnwick, a city ____37____ 10, 000, 000 people. People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs, and they needed places to live in. However, it was expensive ____38____ (live) in the city centre, so the government built flats outside the centre. Soon, Parkville became part of Arnwick, and the population of Arnwick became even ____39____ (large). The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and ____40____ (get) to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus. The traffic is always bad, not ____41____ (mention) the air pollution. ____42____ (luck), the government is making a great effort ____43____ (solve) Arnwick’s problems . The government is ____44____ (reduce) air pollution from traffic. The story of Arnwick is just a story, but it describes what is happening in the real world. With population rising, cities should try to create a more enjoyable, ____45____ (comfort) and convenient living environment. 五、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） however, it, aging, government, way, followed, allows, enough, society, hoped Everyone knows “the one-child policy”. It is a (n) ____46____ to control (控制) population. Chinese government ____47____ to control the increasing population at first. Chinese people understood that and ____48____ that policy for about 40 years. ____49____ as time goes by, a problem appears in our society. China is now getting into an aging ____50____. There will be more and more old people in the following years. But the society won’t have ____51____ doctors or nurses to look after them. That’s why Chinese ____52____ began “the two-child policy” on 1st January 2016. It ____53____ each family to have two children. The government thinks ____54____ can help stop our country from entering the ____55____ society. 六、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） The world population in June 2019 was about 7.5 billion. The number far exceeded (超过) the world population of 7.2 billion in 2015. And now, a UN report shows the world population is over 7.7 billion. a. ______________ Only two countries have a population of more than 1 billion in the world. One is China, which is the most populous (人口众多的) country with a population of over 1.4 billion. The other is India. In 2018, India had a population of over 1.355 billion. Its population increase is expected (预计) to last at least to 2050. By 2030, India may become the most populous country in the world. This is because India’s population is still growing, while China is expected to keep a low birth rate (率). b. Other populous countries After India, the 11 most populous countries in the world each have a population of more than 100 million. These countries are the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russia, Mexico, Japan, Ethiopia and the Philippines. The populations of these countries are all expected to keep growing except Russia and Japan, whose populations will decline by 2030. c. Countries with a small population There are also countries that just have hundreds of people. For example, the Vatican City has the smallest population in the world. Only 801 people live there. 56. How much does the world population increase from 2015 to now? （根据内容回答问题） ___________________________________ 57. Complete the subtitle (副标题) for “a”.（在文中a处添加合适的副标题） ___________________________________ 58. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. (请把文中画线的句子翻译成汉语) ___________________________________ 59. Which is the country with the smallest population? （根据内容回答问题） ___________________________________ 60. What’s the passage mainly about? （根据内容回答问题） ___________________________________ 七、书面表达(满分20分) 61. 写作 下面六幅图描述了昨天发生在你朋友Tony身上的事。请你根据图片内容，发挥想象，写一篇英语短文，描述一下事情发生的经过，并向学校英语广播站投稿。 要求：（1)语句通顺连贯、想象合理、语法正确； (2)不少于80单词（开头已给出, 不计入总词数）。 提示词汇：give sb an injection给某人打针. kind-hearted好心的 An accident My friend Tony had an accident while he was on his way home from school yesterday. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八年级英语第二次阶段性检测试题 时间:90分钟 满分:110分 第Ⅰ卷 一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） (A) Once upon a time, there was a wild donkey (毛驴) and a tame donkey. The wild donkey was thin and small. He spent his life outdoors. The grass on the hill was his food all the year round. Sometimes, he had to walk miles to find fresh water and night there was always danger from wolves. The tame donkey was fat and strong. During summer he ate the rich grass while in winter he had corn and hay (干草) to eat. There was always fresh water for him to drink and at night he stayed safely in a stable (马厩). The wild donkey always wished he could live like the tame donkey. One day, the wild donkey was looking for grass on the hill. Looking down, he saw the tame donkey walking slowly along the road, carrying lots of wood. As he watched, the tame donkey stopped to eat some grass by the roadside. Suddenly, his owner began to beat him with a stick. “I’ve changed my mind about your way of life,” thought the wild donkey. “I see that you have to pay heavily for the food they give you.” 1. What does the underlined word “tame” in the passage mean in Chinese? A. 驯养的 B. 漂亮的 C. 傲慢的 D. 强壮的 2. The wild donkey looked down at the hill and saw ________. A. the tame donkey was carrying wood B. the tame donkey was eating and drinking freely C. another donkey was carrying wood D. a man was giving his donkey something to eat 3. What can we learn from this passage? A. The wild donkey lived a bad life. B. The tame donkey lived a good life. C. We should always help others. D. Life is not easy for everyone. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过野驴和驯养的驴之间的生活对比告诉我们：生活对每个人都是不容易的。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“The tame donkey was fat and strong. During summer he ate the rich grass while in winter he had corn and hay (干草) to eat. There was always fresh water for him to drink and at night he stayed safely in a stable (马厩).”可知，夏天它吃肥美的草，冬天它吃玉米和干草，总是有新鲜的水喝，晚上可以安全地待在马厩里，所以这头驴是被驯养的，所以划线部分的含义是“驯养的”。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One day, the wild donkey was looking for grass on the hill. Looking down, he saw the tame donkey walking slowly along the road, carrying lots of wood.”可知，这头野驴看见那头被驯养的驴子驮着沉重的木头。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I see that you have to pay heavily for the food they give you.”并通读全文可知，这两头驴的生活都不容易，由此可推断，生活对于每个人来说都不容易，看到他人光彩一面的同时，不要忽视他人受过的苦和累。故选D。 (B) I did something wrong today. While at the beach this afternoon, I met a boy called Bob. We talked a lot. He said that it was fun playing on the cliffs (悬崖). I told him that I was not allowed to go near that place (Mom and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there). He called me a coward. I wanted to show him that I was just as brave as him, so I agreed to go with him. We wanted to make our way down to explore (探索) the area, so Bob started to climb down and I followed him. Unluckily, some rocks came down after us. One of them nearly hit my head. We could not get back up. We shouted and shouted for help, but for a long time no help came. I was really scared. I wanted to cry. Then, we heard some sounds. Someone had heard us. A woman tied (系) a rope around herself while a man at the cliff top held the rope. She made her way down to save us. My parents were relieved (宽慰的) that I was unhurt, but they were angry that I had done such a risky thing. I apologized (道歉) and promised that I would not do anything like that again. 4. Where did the writer meet Bob? A. At school. B. In the park. C. At the beach. D. On the cliffs. 5. The underlined word “coward” means ________. A. a person who is not brave B. a person who is not clever C. a person who is not strong D. a person who is not polite 6. What had the writer’s parents always warned him about? A. The wind was very strong. B. The beach was too far away. C. The cliffs were not a safe place. D. Bob was difficult to get on with. 7. How did the writer feel about what he had done? A. Surprised. B. Excited. C. Glad. D. Sorry. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在受了别人的刺激时，做了一些自己不应该做的事情，因此也学到了一些教训。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“While at the beach this afternoon, I met a boy called Bob.”可知，作者在海滩上遇到了一个叫鲍勃的男孩。故选C。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“He called me a coward. I wanted to show him that I was just as brave as him, so I agreed to go with him.”可知，作者想向鲍勃证明和他一样勇敢，所以推测coward是“胆小鬼”的含义。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Mom and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there”可知，爸爸妈妈总是告诉我在悬崖那里玩很危险，故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I apologized (道歉) and promised that I would not do anything like that again.”可知，作者道歉了，并保证不会再做那样的事了。由此可知，作者为自己做的事感到抱歉，故选D。 (C) Do you know Eskimos (爱斯基摩人)? Let me tell you something about their lives. Eskimos live near the North Pole (北极). There are only two seasons there, winter and summer. There is no spring or autumn there. The winter nights are long. You can’t see the sun for more than two months, even at midday. The summer days are long. For more than two months, the sun never goes down and there’s no night. Eskimos have warm clothes. They make their clothes from the skins (毛皮) of animals. From skins they make coats, caps and shoes. Near the North Pole trees can’t grow, for it is too cold there. Eskimos have to make their houses from skins, snow or stone. When they get out in storms and can’t get back home, they make houses of snow. They leave these houses when the storm is over. Life is hard for Eskimos, but they still like to live there. 8. Near the North Pole there are _____ in a year. A. two seasons — winter and summer B. two seasons — spring and autumn C. four seasons D. two seasons sometimes and four seasons sometimes 9. Eskimos use skins of animals to make _____. A. clothes B. houses C. beds D. both A and B 10. There are no _____ near the North Pole. A. days B. nights C. trees D. animals 11. Eskimos make houses of snow to protect themselves from _____. A. animals B. storms C. snow D. rain 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了爱斯基摩人的生活情况。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“There are only two seasons there, winter and summer.”可知，在北极只有两个季节，冬天和夏天，故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“They make their clothes from the skins of animals. From skins(皮毛) they make coats, caps and shoes.和最后一段第二句“The Eskimos have to make their houses from skins, snow or stone.”可知，爱斯基摩人常用皮做衣服或房子，故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Near the North Pole trees can’t grow, for it is too cold there.”可知，在北极附近没有树木，故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“When they got out in storms and can’t get back home, they make houses of snow.”可知，当他们因暴风雨无法回家时，他们用雪做房子，故选B。 (D) People from other countries will find many different surprising things in Britain. A man from Greece sees a special way of driving in Britain. ____12____ but the British people never feel surprised. The Greek man said, “I’ve been in Britain for nearly a month now. But at first, I couldn’t always remember to drive on the left. Every time, my friend reminded me.” Japanese people can’t understand why British people keep their shoes on at home. ____13____ If a visitor keeps his shoes on at home in Japan, the Japanese people will think he is very impolite. The Spanish people mind the way that the British people greet each other. ____14____ When they meet, they just smile or nod but never kiss or hug (拥抱) in Spain. But the British people think kissing is a very usual greeting when they meet! ____15____ When we go to a foreign country, we should follow the etiquette (礼节) of the country. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. People drive on the left in the British street B. There is an old saying, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” C. In Japan, people walk in the room without shoes. D. I think it is polite for British people. E. They themselves seem to be afraid of touching. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. E 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了其他国家的人在英国会发现许多不同的令人惊讶的事情。 【12题详解】 根据上文“A man from Greece sees a special way of driving in Britain.”可知，此处与驾驶方式有关，选项A“人们在英国街上靠左行驶”符合语境。故选A。 【13题详解】 根据上文“Japanese people can’t understand why British people keep their shoes on at home.”及下文“If a visitor keeps his shoes on at home in Japan, the Japanese people will think he is very impolite.”可知，在日本，人们在家里不穿鞋，选项C“在日本，人们不穿鞋走进房间。”符合语境。故选C。 【14题详解】 根据上文“The Spanish people mind the way that the British people greet each other.”及下文“When they meet, they just smile or nod but never kiss or hug (拥抱) in Spain.”可知，此处与打招呼的方式有关，在西班牙，人们见面时只是微笑或点头，从不亲吻或拥抱，选项E“他们自己似乎也害怕接触。”符合语境。故选E。 【15题详解】 根据下文“When we go to a foreign country, we should follow the etiquette (礼节) of the country.”可知，此处指入乡随俗，选项B“有句老话说：‘入乡随俗’。”符合语境。故选B。 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） Then she saw another door that was only forty centimeters(厘米) high. The little gold key unlocked(开锁) this door easily, but of course Alice could not get through it — she was much too ____16____. So she lay on the floor and looked through the open door into a beautiful ____17____ with green trees and bright flowers. Poor Alice was very ____18____ “What a wonderful garden!” she said to herself. “I’d like to be out there — not in this ____19____ room. Why can’t I get smaller?” It was already a very strange(奇怪的) day, and Alice was beginning to think that anything was possible. After a while she locked the door again, got up and went back to the glass table. She put the key down and then she saw a little bottle on the table. “I’m sure ____20____ wasn’t here before,” said Alice. Round the neck of the bottle was a piece of paper with the words “____21____ ME” in large letters. But Alice was a ____22____ girl. “It can be dangerous to drink out of strange bottles,” she said. “What will it do to me?” She drank a little bit very slowly. The ____23____ was very nice, like chocolate and oranges and hot sweet coffee, and very soon Alice finished the bottle. “What a strange ____24____!” said Alice, “I think I’m getting _____25_____ every second.” A few minutes later she was only twenty-five centimeters high. “And now,” she said happily, “I can get through the little door into that beautiful garden.” An excerpt(节选) from Alice in Wonderland 16. A. young B. short C. small D. big 17. A. park B. lake C. garden D. zoo 18. A. tired B. weak C. unhappy D. happy 19. A. dark B. ugly C. old D. bright 20. A. she B. it C. he D. they 21. A. EAT B. TAKE C. FOLLOW D. DRINK 22. A. shy B. careful C. brave D. careless 23. A. weather B. food C. taste D. sound 24. A. movie B. feeling C. story D. experience 25. A. taller and taller B. bigger and bigger C. younger and younger D. smaller and smaller 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文节选自《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，讲了爱丽丝如何进入花园的故事。 【16题详解】 句意：小的金钥匙很容易就打开了这个门，当然，爱丽丝不能通过它——她身体太大了。 young年轻的；short矮的；small小的；big大的。根据“Why can’t I get smaller”可知她想变小，说明此时她太大了，故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：所以她躺在地板上，通过打开的门，看见里面是一个有绿树和鲜艳的花朵的漂亮的花园。 park公园；lake湖；garden花园；zoo动物园。根据“What a wonderful garden”可知，爱丽丝看到的是一个花园，故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：可怜的爱丽丝非常沮丧。 tired累；weak虚弱；unhappy沮丧；happy开心。根据“I’d like to be out there”可知，爱丽丝想进去却进不去，所以心情很沮丧，故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：我想要出去，而不是在这个黑屋子里。 dark黑暗；ugly丑陋；old旧；bright明亮的。根据“a beautiful garden with green trees and bright flowers”可知，花园很美，而这个房间不好，这里选修饰房间的表示“不好”的词，A选项“黑暗”更符合句意，故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：爱丽丝说，我确信它之前不在这。 she她；it它；he他；they他们。根据“she saw a little bottle on the table.”可知，此处指代“a little bottle”用“it”，故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：一张纸挂在瓶颈，纸上用大写字母写着：喝掉我。 EAT吃；TAKE拿走；FOLLOW跟着；DRINK喝。根据“She drank a little bit very slowly.”可知，纸上写的是“喝”，故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：但是爱丽丝是一个谨慎的女孩。 shy害羞的；careful谨慎的；brave勇敢的；careless粗心的。根据“It can be dangerous”及“She drank a little bit very slowly.”可知，她很谨慎，没有直接喝掉，故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：味道非常好，像巧克力，橙子，和热的甜咖啡。 weather天气；food食物；taste味道；sound声音。根据“like chocolate and oranges and hot sweet coffee”可知，这里说的是味道，故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：多么奇妙的感觉！ movie电影；feeling感受；story故事；experience经历。根据“I think I’m getting smaller and smaller every second.”可知，变小是一种感受，故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：我觉得我每秒钟都在变得越来越小。 taller and taller越来越高；bigger and bigger越来越大；younger and younger越来越年轻；smaller and smaller越来越小。根据“A few minutes later she was only twenty-five centimeters high.”可知，她从40厘米变成25厘米，是变得越来越小，故选D。 第Ⅱ卷 三、根据音标或首字母完成短文(共10小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分) 26. As students, we must pay ________ [ə'tenʃən] to our study. 【答案】attention 【解析】 【详解】句意：作为学生，我们必须注意我们的学习。根据句意和音标提示可知，此处应填名词attention“注意力”，固定短语pay attention to表示“注意……”。故填attention。 27. The need for food is i_______ quickly in some countries now because of the fast-growing population. 【答案】(i)ncreasing 【解析】 【详解】句意：由于人口的快速增长，一些国家对食物的需求正在快速增长。根据“The need for food is…quickly in some countries now”以及首字母提示可知，此处指一些国家对食物的需求正在快速增长，increase“增加”，动词；句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“be doing”，空前为is，空处应用increasing。故填(i)ncreasing。 28. The doctor told me to take the _______ /ˈmedsn/ three times a day. 【答案】medicine 【解析】 【详解】句意：医生告诉我一天吃三次药。根据音标提示可知，medicine“药”，名词；take the medicine“吃药”，固定搭配。故填medicine。 29. I ________ [θru:] the ball to him and he caught it. 【答案】threw 【解析】 【详解】句意：我把球扔给他，他接住了。根据句意和所给音标提示可知，此处应填threw，是动词throw的过去式，表示“投，掷，扔”，符合语境。故填threw。 30. My mother was ________ [prɪ’peərɪŋ] dinner when I got home yesterday. 【答案】preparing 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天我回家的时候我妈妈正在准备晚饭。根据所给音标可知，空格处为preparing“准备”，现在分词，和前面的was一起构成过去进行时。故填preparing。 31. Allen f________ down a hole but luckily she got out of it quickly. 【答案】(f)ell 【解析】 【详解】句意：Allen掉进了一个洞里，但幸运的是她很快就出来了。根据“she got out of it quickly”及首字母f可知，此处指Allen跌倒了，其英文表达为fall；结合本句时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(f)ell。 32. Thanks for ________ [sɒlvɪŋ] the problem for me. 【答案】solving 【解析】 【详解】句意：感谢你为我解决了这个问题。根据音标[sɒlvɪŋ]可知，对应的单词是solving，意为“解决”，故填solving。 33. The ________ ['sɜːvɪsɪz] in that restaurant are the best. 【答案】services 【解析】 【详解】句意：那家餐馆的服务是最好的。根据音标可知，此处为services“服务”。故填services。 34. If you don’t go to hospital in time, you will get even w________ later on. 【答案】(w)orse 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你不及时去医院，你以后会变得更糟。根据“If you don’t go to hospital in time, you will get even …later on.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指如果不及时去医院，情况以后会变得更糟，worse“更糟的”符合。故填(w)orse。 35. There will be less p________ if people take buses to work instead of driving cars. 【答案】(p)ollution 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果人们乘坐公交去上班而不是开车去上班的话，会减少很多污染。根据给出的首字母提示“p”和“if people take buses to work instead of driving cars.”，可知坐公交车会更环保，减少污染，应该填入名词“pollution”，表示“污染”。故填(p)ollution。 四、词汇应用（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） Jo is fifteen and lives in Parkville. When Jo’s grandparents first ____36____ (come) to Parkville, it was a quiet village. They had a small house, close to fields and hills. Parkville was near Arnwick, a city ____37____ 10, 000, 000 people. People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs, and they needed places to live in. However, it was expensive ____38____ (live) in the city centre, so the government built flats outside the centre. Soon, Parkville became part of Arnwick, and the population of Arnwick became even ____39____ (large). The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and ____40____ (get) to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus. The traffic is always bad, not ____41____ (mention) the air pollution. ____42____ (luck), the government is making a great effort ____43____ (solve) Arnwick’s problems . The government is ____44____ (reduce) air pollution from traffic. The story of Arnwick is just a story, but it describes what is happening in the real world. With population rising, cities should try to create a more enjoyable, ____45____ (comfort) and convenient living environment. 【答案】36. came 37. with 38. to live 39. larger 40. getting 41. to mention 42. Luckily 43. to solve 44. reducing 45. comfortable 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了城市扩张对小村庄的影响，以及由此带来的交通和环境问题。 【36题详解】 句意：当乔的祖父母第一次来到帕克维尔时，这还是一个安静的小村庄。根据“it was a quiet village.”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填came。 【37题详解】 句意：帕克维尔靠近阿恩威克，一座有1000万人口的城市。根据“a city...10, 000, 000 people”可知，是指有1000万人口的城市，应用介词with表示“有”。故填with。 【38题详解】 句意：然而，在市中心生活很昂贵，所以政府在市中心外建造公寓。be+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”，故填to live。 【39题详解】 句意：很快，帕克维尔成为了阿恩威克的一部分，阿恩威克的人口变得更加庞大。even修饰形容词比较级。故填larger。 【40题详解】 句意：五年前帕克维尔的小地方学校关闭了，而到达阿恩威克最近的学校需要坐一个小时的公交车。根据“to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus”可知，此处的谓语动词是三单形式takes，所以主语应用动名词。故填getting。 【41题详解】 句意：交通总是很糟糕，更不用说空气污染了。not to mention表示“不用说”，为固定短语。故填to mention。 【42题详解】 句意：幸运是，政府正在努力解决阿恩威克的问题。空处修饰句子，应用副词。故填Luckily。 【43题详解】 句意：幸运的是，政府正在努力解决阿恩威克的问题。make a great effort to do sth“努力做某事”，故填to solve。 【44题详解】 句意：政府正在减少交通造成的空气污染。reduce是动词，和主语是主动关系，所以这里用动词的现在分词和is构成进行时。故填reducing。 【45题详解】 句意：随着人口的增加，城市应该努力创造一个更令人愉悦、舒适和便利的生活环境。空处是和enjoyable，convenient并列，应用形容词comfortable。故填comfortable。 五、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） however, it, aging, government, way, followed, allows, enough, society, hoped Everyone knows “the one-child policy”. It is a (n) ____46____ to control (控制) population. Chinese government ____47____ to control the increasing population at first. Chinese people understood that and ____48____ that policy for about 40 years. ____49____, as time goes by, a problem appears in our society. China is now getting into an aging ____50____. There will be more and more old people in the following years. But the society won’t have ____51____ doctors or nurses to look after them. That’s why Chinese ____52____ began “the two-child policy” on 1st January 2016. It ____53____ each family to have two children. The government thinks ____54____ can help stop our country from entering the ____55____ society. 【答案】46. way 47 hoped 48. followed 49. However 50. society 51. enough 52. government 53 allows 54. it 55. aging 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国政府执行二孩政策的原因及目的。 【46题详解】 句意：这是控制人口的一种方法。本句it指代的“the one-child policy”，属于控制人口的一种方法；way“方法”，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。故填way。 【47题详解】 句意：中国政府起初希望控制不断增长的人口。本句缺少谓语动词，备选词汇hope“希望”符合语境；结合“at first”，本句时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填hoped。 【48题详解】 句意：中国人民明白这一点，并遵循了这一政策约40年。根据“Chinese people understood”可知，中国人民“遵守”了这项政策；follow“遵循；接受”，本句时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填followed。 【49题详解】 句意：然而，随着时间的推移，我们的社会出现了一个问题。“a problem appears in our society”与前文所述内容发生转折，however“然而”符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填However。 【50题详解】 句意：中国现正步入老龄化社会。固定短语aging society“老龄化社会”。故填society。 【51题详解】 句意：但社会将没有足够的医生或护士来照顾他们。根据“There will be more and more old people in the following years. But...”可知，社会上出现了越来越多的老人，此处转折陈述，却没有“足够的”医护人员，enough“足够的”，形容词作定语。故填enough。 【52题详解】 句意：这就是为什么中国政府在2016年1月1日开始二孩政策的原因。“the two-child policy”是政府颁布的政策，government“政府”。故填government。 【53题详解】 句意：它允许每个家庭有两个小孩。此处讲述政策内容，allow“允许”符合语境；本句为主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时，动词用三单形式。故填allows。 【54题详解】 句意：政府认为这有助于阻止我们的国家进入老龄化社会。设空处指代“the two-child policy”，代词it“它”符合语境，作从句主语。故填it。 【55题详解】 句意：政府认为这有助于阻止我们的国家进入老龄化社会。固定短语aging society“老龄化社会”。故填aging。 六、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） The world population in June 2019 was about 7.5 billion. The number far exceeded (超过) the world population of 7.2 billion in 2015. And now, a UN report shows the world population is over 7.7 billion. a. ______________ Only two countries have a population of more than 1 billion in the world. One is China, which is the most populous (人口众多的) country with a population of over 1.4 billion. The other is India. In 2018, India had a population of over 1.355 billion. Its population increase is expected (预计) to last at least to 2050. By 2030, India may become the most populous country in the world. This is because India’s population is still growing, while China is expected to keep a low birth rate (率). b. Other populous countries After India, the 11 most populous countries in the world each have a population of more than 100 million. These countries are the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russia, Mexico, Japan, Ethiopia and the Philippines. The populations of these countries are all expected to keep growing except Russia and Japan, whose populations will decline by 2030. c. Countries with a small population There are also countries that just have hundreds of people. For example, the Vatican City has the smallest population in the world. Only 801 people live there. 56. How much does the world population increase from 2015 to now? （根据内容回答问题） ___________________________________ 57. Complete the subtitle (副标题) for “a”.（在文中a处添加合适的副标题） ___________________________________ 58. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. (请把文中画线的句子翻译成汉语) ___________________________________ 59. Which is the country with the smallest population? （根据内容回答问题） ___________________________________ 60. What’s the passage mainly about? （根据内容回答问题） ___________________________________ 【答案】56. 0.5 billion. 57. Two most/largest/biggest populous countries. 58. 这是因为印度的人口仍在增长，而中国的人口预计保持低生育率。 59. The Vatican City. 60. The world population. 【解析】 【分析】本文主要介绍了世界人口的情况，以及人口超过10亿——中国和印度，世界上11个人口最多的国家的人口都超过了1亿。这些国家是美国、印度尼西亚、巴西、巴基斯坦、尼日利亚、孟加拉国、俄罗斯、墨西哥、日本、埃塞俄比亚和菲律宾，以及人口最小的国家。 【56题详解】 根据“The number far exceeded (超过) the world population of 7.2 billion in 2015. And now, a UN report shows the world population is over 7.7 billion.”可知，2015年世界人口的72亿，而现在，世界人口已经超过77亿，所以从2015年到现在增长了5亿，故填0.5 billion. 【57题详解】 根据“Only two countries have a population of more than 1 billion in the world”可知，本段介绍的是两个人口最多的国家，故填Two most/largest/biggest populous countries. 【58题详解】 this is because“这是因为”；India’s population“印度的人口”；still“仍”；grow“增长”；while“而”；China“中国”；be expected to do sth“预计做某事”；keep a low birth rate“保持低生育率”，故填：这是因为印度的人口仍在增长，而中国的人口预计保持低生育率。 【59题详解】 根据“the Vatican City has the smallest population in the world”可知，梵蒂冈城是世界上人口最少的城市，故填The Vatican City. 【60题详解】 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是世界人口的情况，故填The world population. 七、书面表达(满分20分) 61. 写作 下面六幅图描述了昨天发生在你朋友Tony身上事。请你根据图片内容，发挥想象，写一篇英语短文，描述一下事情发生的经过，并向学校英语广播站投稿。 要求：（1)语句通顺连贯、想象合理、语法正确； (2)不少于80单词（开头已给出, 不计入总词数）。 提示词汇：give sb an injection给某人打针. kind-hearted好心的 An accident My friend Tony had an accident while he was on his way home from school yesterday. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My friend Tony had an accident while he was on his way home from school yesterday. As he was walking and eating a hamburger, a big dog suddenly appeared and ran to him. It was a homeless dog. It wanted to eat his hamburger but bit his hand. A kind-hearted man helped Tony drive the dog away.Then the man quickly took him to hospital. At the hospital, the doctor checked Tony. She gave Tony an injection and asked him to take some medicine. Then Tony left the hospital with the man. What a good man！ 【解析】 【详解】题干解读：本文是一篇看图作文，图片描述了昨天发生在你朋友Tony身上的事，要求你根据图片描述一下事情发生的经过，写一篇英语短文并向广播站投稿。 例文点评：文章主要采用第三人称进行客观叙述，时态以一般过去时为主。文章逻辑清晰，把整件事情的前因后果描述得很清楚，主要讲述了好朋友托尼在路上不小心被流浪狗咬了，一位好心的男人帮助他赶走了狗还送他去医院的事情。 高分亮点： 短语：run to sb.；want to do；help sb. do sth.；drive away；take sb. to；give sb. sth.。 句型：while引导的时间状语从句；what引导的感叹句。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$