07 UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibility Period 7 单元回顾及综合检测-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步讲义(译林版2020)

Period 7　 默写背诵(Honesty and responsibility) 1．barely adv．刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 2．cigar n．雪茄烟 3．keen adj．灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于 4．jaw n．下巴；颌 5．scar n．伤疤；(精神上的)创伤；污点 6．eyebrow n．眉毛 7．scarfpin n．围巾夹，领带别针 8．diamond n．钻石 9．collar n．衣领；颈圈；圈，箍 10．inch n．英寸；少量，短距离 11．wire vt．给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) n．金属丝；电线；铁丝网 12．criminal n．罪犯 adj．犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 13．principle n．道德原则；法则；信条 14．decent adj．正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的 15．burden n．(义务、责任等的)重担，负担 16．geophysicist n．地球物理学家 17．core adj．核心的；最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分 18．socialist adj．社会主义的 n．社会主义者 19．ward n．病房 20．substantial adj．大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的 21．mineral n．矿物，矿物质 22．superb adj．极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 23．wrap vt．包，裹；用……缠绕 n．披肩，围巾；包裹材料 24．parcel n．包裹，小包；一块地 vt．裹好，打包 25．bow n．蝴蝶结；弓 vi．鞠躬；低(头) 26．nephew n．侄子，外甥 27．wrinkle n．皱纹；褶皱，皱痕 vt．& vi．(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起 28．privilege n．荣幸；特殊利益 vt．给予特权，特别优待 29．embrace vt．& vi．欣然接受；包含；拥抱 30．phase n．阶段，时期 31．anchor n．锚；给以安全感的人(或物) vi．& vt．抛锚；使固定 32．likewise adv．同样地；也，而且 33．deadline n．最后期限，截止日期 34．integrity n．诚实正直；完整，完好 35．starfish n．海星，星鱼 36．jade n．玉，碧玉 37．rejoice vi．& vt．非常高兴，深感欣喜 38．quote n．引语 vt．& vi．引用，引述；举例说明 39．pause vi．停顿，暂停 n．停顿，停顿的时间 40．sew vi．& vt．缝，做针线活；缝上 1．worthwhile adj．值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 2．outline vt．概述，略述 n．概述；轮廓线，略图 3．suspect vt．& vi．疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 4．arrest n．& vt．逮捕，拘捕 5．anyhow adv．不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地 6．resign vt．& vi．辞职，辞去 7．photographer n．摄影师，拍照者 8．guilty adj．感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的 9．ashamed adj．惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 10．cheat vt．欺骗，蒙骗 vi．作弊，舞弊 11．pretend vi．& vt．假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为 12．fault n．过错，责任；弱点，缺点 13．organic adj．有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 14．garbage n．垃圾；废话 15．bonus n．意外收获；奖金，红利 16．harvest n．收成，收获量；收获季节，收割 vt．& vi．收割，捕猎 17．sow vt．& vi．播种，种 1．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕→merciful adj．宽大的；仁慈的→merciless adj．残忍的；无慈悲心的 2．guide vt．指导，指引，影响 n．指南；导游→guidance n．指导；导航 3．disappoint vt．使失望→disappointed adj．失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj．令人失望的→disappointment n．失望，灰心 4．save v．保存；节省；储蓄；拯救；免得→saving n．节省物，节省；储蓄金 5．appoint vt．任命；委任；安排→appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务 6．rely vi．依靠，依赖；信任→reliable adj．可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 7．legal adj．合法的；法律的→legally adv．合法地；法律上→illegal adj．非法的，违法的；违反规则的 8．innocent adj．无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n．无辜者，单纯的人→innocence n．清白，无辜，无罪→innocently adv．纯真地；天真无邪地 9．forgive vt．& vi．原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)→forgiveness n．宽恕 10．discourage vt．使失望→discouraged adj．灰心的→discouraging adj．令人泄气的，令人沮丧的→discouragement n．挫折；气馁；泄气；阻拦 11．bless vt．(表示惊奇)；祝福→blessed adj．有福的；无忧无虑的→blessing n．祝福；好事；有益之事 1．tear down 拆毁，拆除 2．make one's fortune 发财 3．at the mercy of sb．/sth． 任……处置，对……无能为力 4．lose contact 失去联系 5．arm in arm 臂挽着臂 6．weigh on sb．/sth． 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 1．In the doorway of a store stood a man，with an unlit cigar in his mouth． 一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。 2．The light showed a pale face，with keen eyes，a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow． 火光下可看见他苍白的脸，锐利的眼睛，方下巴以及右边眉毛附近有一道白色的小疤痕。 3．About twenty minutes later，a tall man in a long overcoat，with collar turned up to his ears，hurried toward him． 大约二十分钟后，一个穿着长大衣，领子翻到耳边的高个子男子，匆匆向他走来。 4．The two men walked up the street，arm in arm． 两个人臂挽着臂沿街走着。 5．Honoured guests，teachers and students，it is my pleasure and privilege to welcome you here today and present my thoughts on this special occasion． 尊敬的来宾、老师和同学们，今天，我很高兴也非常荣幸能在这里欢迎各位，并在这样一个特别的场合，与大家分享我的想法。 6．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be． 无论你打算做什么，无论多么困难，都要全力以赴。 7．However just as the Chinese saying goes，“Jade is good-for-nothing if not carved．” 但正如中国一句俗语所说，“玉不琢，不成器。” 8．Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow． 今天播下成功的种子，明天就会有丰硕的收获。 假如你是某中学学生李津。你们学校英语俱乐部要举行主题是“诚信”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，要点如下： 1．诚信的重要性及失信对社会造成的危害； 2．号召大家做到诚信。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：逃税evade payment of taxes [高分范文背诵] Hello，everyone! I'm happy to have a chance to talk about integrity． As we all know，integrity is always a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation．It is very important not only to our personal character but also to our society．But now there are many phenomena of dishonesty in our life，which does harm to our society．It is high time that we emphasized integrity．Strict rules and regulations should be carried out to stop people cheating in exams，evading payment of taxes，etc． In the end，I sincerely hope that everyone can be honest． That's all．Thanks for your listening． 片段1 On sunshiny summer mornings，the grass is often wet with dew．There may be drops of dew on flowers and bushes，and spider webs，too．The drops of dew sparkle like jewels when the sun shines on them． 在晴朗的夏天的清晨，草上和花丛上常常沾满露珠，甚至蜘蛛网上也有。当阳光照耀在露珠上时，露珠像珠宝一样闪闪发光。 片段2 The river is very clean and pure．We rented a boat and enjoyed the beautiful scenes along the river．The mountains are so special．I've seen many other kinds of mountains，but I like Guilin's mountains most．I've seen many rivers before，but I like Lijiang River most． 河水非常清澈透明，我们租了一条小船，沿江欣赏着美景。山很奇特。我见过许多其他类型的山，但我最喜欢桂林的山。我也见过许多河流，但我最喜欢漓江。 单元综合检测(一) 第一部分　阅读 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Best New Restaurants in the World Restaurants are some of the most amazing destinations around the whole world．Here are some of the best for you to have a unique eating experience． Place des Fêtes —New York City This famous wine bar provides a spot with a rare sweet and warm atmosphere．For date night，go to the bar with views of the open kitchen，or fill up the large table in the back with a group and taste the entire 20-item menu．Either way，do not miss the famous mushroom soup． Le Doyenné —Saint-Vrain，France Australian chefs James Henry and Shaun Kelly transformed the former stables(马厩)of a 19th-century private estate into a working farm，restaurant，and guesthouse driven by the principles of regenerative agriculture．More than one hundred varieties of fruits，vegetables，and herbs make their way into Henry's cooking after being carefully nurtured by Kelly． Mi Compa Chava —Mexico City Seafood is a hangover cure in Mexico，and almost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night's damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today's．On the sidewalk，crowds of locals and tourists alike line up for fisherman Salvador Orozco's creative takes on Sinaloa and Baja seafood．Anything from the raw half of the menu is a sure bet，though cooked dishes like fish can help fill out a meal． Vilas—Bangkok Can a dish inspired by a Spanish recipe using Japanese ingredients still be considered Thai? For Chef Prin Polsuk，one of Bangkok's most famous Thai chefs，it most certainly can．At his latest restaurant，a small dining room at the base of Bangkok's landmark King Power Mahanakhon Tower，he draws inspiration from King Chulalongkorn's 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and cooking techniques he added to the royal cookbooks． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了全球四个城市中的最佳新餐厅，并对每个餐厅的特色、环境和提供的菜品进行了详细描述，旨在为读者提供旅行时餐饮选择的参考和推荐。 1．Which of the following restaurants follows the principle of regenerative agriculture? A．Place des Fêtes． B．Le Doyenné． C．Mi Compa Chava． D．Vilas． B　[细节理解题。根据Le Doyenné—Saint-Vrain，France部分中的“Australian chefs James Henry and Shaun Kelly transformed the former stables of a 19th-century private estate into a working farm，restaurant，and guesthouse driven by the principles of regenerative agriculture．”可知，Le Doyenné遵循再生农业的原则。故选B。] 2．What does the fisherman Salvador Orozco specialize in? A．Delicious seafood soup． B．Distinct foreign flavors． C．Innovative seafood cooking． D．A treatment for drunkenness． C　[细节理解题。根据文章Mi Compa Chava —Mexico City部分中的“On the sidewalk，crowds of locals and tourists alike line up for fisherman Salvador Orozco's creative takes on Sinaloa and Baja seafood．Anything from the raw half of the menu is a sure bet，though cooked dishes like fish can help fill out a meal．”可知，渔民Salvador Orozco擅长创新烹饪海鲜。故选C。] 3．Where does the text probably come from? A．A travel magazine． B．A scientific report． C．An advertisement． D．A textbook． A　[文章出处题。根据文章第一段“Restaurants are some of the most amazing destinations around the whole world．Here are some of the best for you to have a unique eating experience．”以及全文内容可知，文章介绍了全球四个城市中的最佳新餐厅，并对每个餐厅的特色、环境和提供的菜品进行了详细描述，旨在为读者提供旅行时餐饮选择的参考和推荐。这种类型的文章通常出现在旅游杂志、在线旅游平台或餐饮指南中，帮助读者在旅行中享受美食体验。故选A。] B About 15 years ago，Andrew McLindon，a business owner and passionate cyclist，was riding his bike in Austin，Texas，when he thought about a friend's 12-year-old son．The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from a brain condition that often caused balance disturbances． When he got home，McLindon，now 60，went online and found a three-wheel recumbent (侧卧的) bike with a seat belt，perfect for a child with balance issues．Soon the boy was cycling around the street with his peers，having fun and getting exercise．But there was more，as McLindon learned from his friend's reaction．“To see his son interacting with other kids，” McLindon says．“I'll never forget the smile on his face．” That smile launched the McLindon Family Foundation．Funded by donations，the group works with pediatric rehab (小儿康复) clinics to find children who can benefit from owning an adaptive bike and to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child．A bike may include a headrest，a shoulder band，a seat belt，and a caregiver's steering and braking system in the back．The bikes are expensive—$3，000 to $4，000，and that's with the foundation's large discount．For kids lucky enough to get one，they're a life changer． “We worked with a 14-year-old girl who had a back problem，” says McLindon．She spent most days on the couch watching TV．Soon after she got her bike，she was training for special-needs triathlons (铁人三项)．In a magazine interview，she said，“I always knew there was an athlete in me．” So far，the foundation has given away 450 bikes，and that's just a start．“I do a lot of things．I run a lot of companies，” McLindon says．“But getting these kids their bikes is the most important thing that I do．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了安德鲁·麦克林登建立了一个基金会，和小儿康复医院合作，给身体有残疾的小孩提供适应性自行车来帮助他们获得锻炼和快乐的故事。 4．What inspired Andrew McLindon to search for a special bike online? A．His enthusiasm for cycling． B．His ambition to start a new business． C．His goal to invent a new type of bike． D．His desire to help a boy with balance issues． D　[细节理解题。由第一段内容和第二段中的“When he got home，McLindon，now 60，went online and found a three-wheel recumbent bike with a seat belt，perfect for a child with balance issues．”可知，安德鲁·麦克林登想帮助朋友的儿子，这个孩子因脑部疾病在平衡感上有问题，故他上网去搜索适合有平衡问题的孩子的特殊自行车。故选D。] 5．Why was McLindon Family Foundation established? A．To sponsor special-needs triathlons． B．To raise money for pediatric rehab clinics． C．To provide adaptive bikes for disabled children． D．To offer a social network to children with special needs． C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“That smile launched the McLindon Family Foundation．Funded by donations，the group works with pediatric rehab clinics to find children who can benefit from owning an adaptive bike and to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child．”可知，麦克林登家族基金会的创立是为了满足孩子的特殊需求，给残疾儿童提供适合他们的适应自行车。故选C。] 6．What benefit can adaptive bikes bring? A．They can offer medical treatment． B．They can provide exercise and fun． C．They can relieve physical suffering． D．They can improve academic performance． B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When he got home，McLindon，now 60，went online and found a three-wheel recumbent bike with a seat belt，perfect for a child with balance issues．Soon the boy was cycling around the street with his peers，having fun and getting exercise．”可知，适应性自行车能提供锻炼和乐趣。故选B。] 7．What does McLindon think of his work with the McLindon Family Foundation? A．It is a worthwhile effort． B．It is a temporary solution． C．It is financially rewarding． D．It is technically challenging． A　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So far，the foundation has given away 450 bikes，and that's just a start．‘I do a lot of things．I run a lot of companies，’ McLindon says．‘But getting these kids their bikes is the most important thing that I do．’”可知，麦克林登认为给孩子们自行车是他做的最重要的事情，说明他认为自己付出的努力是值得的。故选A。] C With one's eyes closed，Beijing's main roads sound like any Chinese city．All around is the roar of traffic，featuring recorded safety warnings from buses and the occasional bell of a rental-bicycle．But in the capital's last hutongs，as its ancient grey-walled alleys are known，fragments of an older soundscape can be heard． The song of caged crickets is one．Hung in the doorways of courtyard homes，the insects bring a rural note into the city．A quarter-century ago their song was common． Another relic is the musical sound produced by steel plates，announcing a knife sharpener's arrival．Several such specialists still work in Beijing's streets．Their sounding-plates attract customers from hutong homes and high-rise flats．But numbers are falling． An almost-vanished Beijing sound is one of the strangest．Like the noise of flying saucers in an old science-fiction film，it is made by pigeon whistles．Tiny flutes made from bamboo，these are sewn into the tail feathers of pigeons kept in rooftop cage．The birds are released twice a day to circle in the sky．Even 20 years ago，it was possible to hear this melodic noise in the hutongs． Modern Beijing is a city in a hurry．Many hutongs have been torn down to make way for wide avenues and shiny skyscrapers，leaving no room for pigeon lofts(鸽舍)．Zhang Baotong is one of Beijing's last master pigeon-whistle makers．He is advising a museum of sound in Songzhuang，a suburb of Beijing that is popular with artists．A rooftop cage is planned，with more than 100 pigeons that will take to the skies for visitors． The co-founder of the museum，Colin Siyuan Chinnery，is a British-Chinese artist and collector of Beijing's sounds．He lists the rattles and rhythmic cries used by fortune tellers and medicine sellers，doctors，barbers and knife sharpeners．Many of these will be showcased in an exhibition about old Beijing narrated by an animation of Mr．Zhang．Other places had traders' cries，but true Beijingers dismiss sellers elsewhere as mere loud shouters; Beijingers' pride is one tradition that never fades，Mr．Chinnery says． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了老北京胡同的传统声音以及艺术家和工艺大师联手为保护老北京的声音所采取的行动。 8．Why does the author mention the song of caged crickets in paragraph 2? A．To promote insect conservation． B．To highlight urban development． C．To explain the decline of hutongs． D．To illustrate a typical hutong sound． D　[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But in the...fragments of an older soundscape can be heard．”以及第二段开头“The song of caged crickets is one．”可知，作者提到笼中蟋蟀的歌声用来说明一个典型的胡同声音。故选D。] 9．What can be heard both in hutongs and on streets? A．Warnings from buses． B．Song of caged crickets． C．Noise of flying saucers． D．Cries of knife sharpeners． D　[细节理解题。从第三段内容可知，在胡同和街道上都能听到的是磨刀师傅的叫喊声。故选D。] 10．What has contributed to the decline of pigeon whistles? A．The changing taste of artists． B．The decreasing number of hutongs． C．The rapid expansion of pigeon lofts． D．The new method of road construction． B　[推理判断题。根据第五段的“Modern Beijing is a city in a hurry．Many hutongs have been torn down to make way for wide avenues and shiny skyscrapers，leaving no room for pigeon lofts．”可知，胡同数量减少导致了鸽舍的减少从而导致鸽哨的减少。故选B。] 11．What is the ultimate goal of the museum in Songzhuang? A．To attract artists and craftsmen． B．To rebuild rooftop cages for pigeons． C．To preserve the sounds of old Beijing． D．To display sounds from all walks of life． C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He lists the rattles and rhythmic cries used by fortune tellers and medicine sellers，doctors，barbers and knife sharpeners．Many of these will be showcased in an exhibition about old Beijing narrated by an animation of Mr．Zhang．”可推知，艺术家们将即将消失的声音重新放回博物馆中，他们的最终目的是保护老北京的声音。故选C。] D Some people hold the idea that being starving is the most effective way of losing body fat．Remember，if we go on a starvation diet，we lose weight but not much fat．In starvation mode，we use up our energy stores of carbohydrate (碳水化合物) first (in the form of a substance called glycogen)．However，the body can store only a little glycogen，and this is used up within two days．Then we start breaking down fat and protein．But we can't afford to lose body proteins：our muscle mass decreases，we become noticeably weaker，and our immunity is threatened because the lack of protective immunoglobulin proteins (保护性免疫球蛋白) means we are subject to an increased risk of infection． Sure，we look slimmer，and we certainly weigh less，but we are weaker and becoming unhealthy．There is no point in dieting if it's going to make us ill．And，of course，because we need our muscles，when we are even slightly distracted from the diet，our bodies immediately rebuild muscles and we regain all of the “lost” weight very quickly．Not only have we gone through a period of reduced immunity and a lack of proteins，minerals，vitamins，antioxidants and other essential nutrients，but there is evidence that so-called immediately effective dieting is detrimental to health in the longer term． Quite simply，we are going to virtually eliminate all refined carbohydrates and sugars (which are also carbohydrates)，leaving us with a low-carbohydrate，high-protein diet．On this diet，you will be cutting out virtually all refined carbohydrates so that body fat is burned with priority，to provide energy．Sugar，white flour，cakes，bread，pasta and rice are the usual trouble-makers．These foods have very little nutritional value and，what's more，can cause medical and fat problems．Of course，there are forms of these carbohydrates—such as whole-meal rice，whole-meal bread and whole-meal pasta—that do have nutritional benefits and which you can reintroduce later，but in the initial stage of the diet，you have to reduce all carbohydrates，to switch on the fat-burning mechanism． One point to be aware of is that refined carbohydrates can appear in many unexpected sources．You probably know that bread，cakes，biscuits，potato crisps and fried potato chips all contain refined carbohydrates，but pasta，rice，most breakfast cereals，most tinned foods，many pre-packaged foods，and prepared sauces do as well...In fact，the list goes on and on．Virtually all “fast foods” contain very high proportion of refined carbohydrates and if your diet is high in refined carbohydrates，you will definitely put on weight．If you're worried that by cutting out refined carbohydrates，you'll have virtually no foods left to choose from，fear not．In fact，high-protein and nutritious foods such as meat，fish，shellfish and eggs are all open to you，along with vegetables，cheese，spices and herbs，from which you can easily produce delicious，healthy and quick meals．You'll be relieved to hear that you don't have to live on a diet of lettuce and tomato．On the contrary，you will be eating virtually limitless quantities of very tasty food with delicious sauces and dressings：in other words，real food! 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章指出节食减肥法虽然能够减轻体重，但会导致肌肉流失、免疫力下降以及缺乏必要的营养素，从而使身体变得虚弱和不健康。文章建议采用低碳水化合物、高蛋白的饮食方式来实现健康减肥，指出要避免精制碳水化合物，逐渐引入全谷类食物，同时警惕精制碳水化合物隐藏在许多食物中。 12．What do you know about people following a starvation diet? A．They are more likely to develop diseases． B．They run the risk of immediate health problems． C．Their fat and protein will be burnt prior to carbohydrates． D．Their appetite will be spoiled gradually． A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“However...But we can't afford to lose body proteins：our muscle mass decreases，we become noticeably weaker，and our immunity is threatened because the lack of protective immunoglobulin proteins means we are subject to an increased risk of infection．”可知，采用节食减肥法的人免疫力会下降，更容易患病。故选A项。] 13．What's the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A．Damaging． B．Insignificant． C．Unpredictable． D．Constructive． A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Not only have we gone through a period of reduced immunity and a lack of proteins，minerals，vitamins，antioxidants and other essential nutrients”可知，此处介绍节食减肥法对人体带来的伤害，画线词所在句是进一步说明这种伤害。由此推知，所谓立竿见影的节食从长远来看对健康是“有害的”，画线词意思应该是“有害的”，与damaging意思相近。故选A项。] 14．What can you learn about the carbohydrates in a high protein diet? A．They are banned although considered beneficial． B．They are used as a primary source of energy． C．They can be consumed only under certain circumstances． D．Carbohydrates foster the consumption of sugary food． C　[细节理解题。根据第三段内容尤其是“Of course，there are forms of these carbohydrates—such as whole-meal rice，whole-meal bread and whole-meal pasta—that do have nutritional benefits and which you can reintroduce later，but in the initial stage of the diet，you have to reduce all carbohydrates，to switch on the fat-burning mechanism．”可知，在高蛋白饮食法中，碳水化合物只有在特定情况下才能吃，初始阶段不能吃。故选C项。] 15．What can you do if you follow the new high protein diet? A．You can become less muscular and athletic． B．You should only eat meat，fish，shellfish and eggs． C．You should monitor all the protein you take in． D．You can have and make delicious dishes． D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In fact，high-protein and nutritious foods such as meat，fish，shellfish and eggs are all open to you，along with vegetables，cheese，spices and herbs，from which you can easily produce delicious，healthy and quick meals．”可知，如果遵循高蛋白饮食法，你可以吃到并制作出美味的菜肴。故选D项。] 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The next time you're at an airport or hotel，you might notice a traveling group that consists of young kids，parents，and grandparents vacationing together． 16 But more and more families tend to bring multiple generations with them． 17 In larger groups，for example，childcare responsibilities can be shared across family members，allowing parents to take a break．But the real value of these trips might be how they give relatives an opportunity to freshen their perception of the people they've known for perhaps their entire life．Travel can take us out of our familiar contexts and offer people a chance to see one another differently． The shift toward multi-generational travel has a few explanations．For one，grandparents today stay healthy later in life，allowing them more energy for travel． 18 Plus，the average U．S．household has become more multi-generational．Americans are not just traveling with grandparents in order to spend time with them，they are traveling with them because they are more likely to live with them in the first place． 19 Americans are taking fewer vacation days than they did in the 1970s．They might want to make the most of that time by including as many people as possible． Whatever the reason for its popularity，a multi-generational trip can be a rare time when younger and older generations can glimpse the complex people they have each become．Away from the family home，older generations get to see their adult children as responsible parents．Kids get to see their grandparents encounter a new environment． 20 A．Another explanation is time pressure． B．The benefits of multi-generational trips are numerous． C．Decades ago，only wealthy families vacationed together． D．A scene like this would have been rare a few decades ago． E．Multi-generational family travel tops the list of travel trends． F．Everyone gets to break out of their family roles and figures out how to be together． G．Also，big-group accommodation has become more affordable through online platforms． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了多代同游的现象。 16．D　[根据空后一句“But more and more families tend to bring multiple generations with them．”越来越多的家庭倾向于多代同游，前后之间是转折关系，空处应讲在过去，多代同游是少见的。D项“几十年前，这样的场景是罕见的。”符合题意。故选D。] 17．B　[根据后文可知，本段分析了多代同游的好处。B项“多代同游的好处很多。”符合题意。故选B。] 18．G　[根据第三段首句“The shift toward multi-generational travel has a few explanations．”可知，本段解释了多代同游流行的原因。空前一句是第一个原因。选项G“此外，通过在线平台，大团体住宿变得更加实惠。”中的“Also”说明是第二个原因，后文的“Plus”说明是第三个原因，故选G。] 19．A　[根据前文的“For one”，“Also”，“Plus”分别对应解释了三个原因，A选项“另一种解释是时间压力。”中的“Another explanation”说明是第四个原因，且跟后文的“Americans are taking fewer vacation days than they did in the 1970s...as many people as possible．”相照应，说明时间有限也是原因之一，故选A。] 20．F　[根据前文内容可知，每个人都能从远离家庭的环境中感受到新的东西，由此可知，多代同游可以让每个人都摆脱家庭角色。F选项“每个人都可以摆脱家庭角色，懂得怎样在一起。”符合题意。故选F。] 第二部分　语言运用 第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As I grew up，my grandma，would say things such as：“that is not a ladylike way to sit”，or “that is not a word that ladies use”．My grandma is one of the most 21 women that I know．I 22 to be half the person she is． I have always considered myself a “lady”．I dress 23 ．I pay close attention to my manners．I smile at strangers，offer my seat to the elderly，and hold the door 24 for the person behind me．However，I recently met a woman in passing that made me 25 what I have been taught for the last 21 years．The conversation we had was about “girls these days” and how they differ from the way girls were in the past．She said that there was a big 26 between a “lady” and a “woman”．I looked at her curiously． “A real lady does not give her opinions or feelings，while those who do are women．And women these days constantly make the 27 of offering their opinions，and feelings，and talking out of turn．” I smiled at her politely，wished her a pleasant evening，and we 28 ways． 29 to most conversations one would have with a stranger，this one stuck with me．It turns out that I am not a “lady”．But I have 30 that truth with my whole heart．I take great pride in my opinions，my brain，and the bravery in which I can 31 myself and the things that I believe in．I am this way，because I am a young 32 of my grandma．And I know that she would swear that she is “ladylike”．But，in reality，she is a strong，independent and smart woman． With this，I would like to 33 young women that it is 34 to voice your opinions，embrace your beliefs，and be independent．Throughout your life，if someone comes along and 35 your voice，makes your opinions feel wrong，or take no notice of your feelings：smile，nod politely，and keep doing what you were doing anyway． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小被奶奶教育要成为一名淑女，自己也一直按照那样的方式去做一名淑女。有一天，在和一位女士交谈后，作者对她的观点深感困惑，但是依然礼貌地给予回应。作者认为说出自己的观点，接受自己的信仰，保持独立也是淑女的正确行为。 21．A．outgoing　 B．genuine C．humorous　 D．creative B　[根据上文“As I grew up，my grandma，would say things such as：‘that is not a ladylike way to sit’，or‘that is not a word that ladies use’．”可知，奶奶谆谆教诲作者要成为一名真正的淑女，由此推之，奶奶本身是一名淑女，是最为真正的女性之一。故选B。] 22．A．achieve　 B．aid　 C．afford　 D．attempt D　[根据下文“to be half the person she is”可推知，attempt“尝试”符合语境，attempt to do sth．意为“尝试做某事”，表示作者想成为奶奶那样的人，尝试做到她一半的程度。故选D。] 23．A．fashionably　 B．casually　 C．appropriately　 D．luxuriously C　[根据上文“I have always considered myself a‘lady’．”可知，作者认为自己是淑女，她穿着得体。故选C。] 24．A．closed　 B．tight　 C．wide　 D．open D　[根据上文“I pay close attention to my manners．”可知，作者非常注意自己的举止，因此会为身后的人开门，体现礼仪和友善。故选D。] 25．A．confirm　 B．question　 C．clarify　 D．position B　[根据下文“I looked at her curiously．”可知，作者听完这位女士的话后很疑惑，因此对之前所接受的教育产生了质疑。故选B。] 26．A．issue　 B．distance　 C．conflict　 D．difference D　[根据下文“A real lady does not give her opinions or feelings，while those who do are women．”可知，这位女士认为淑女和女性之间存在着很大区别。故选D。] 27．A．mistake　 B．assumption　 C．decision　 D．adjustment A　[根据上文“A real lady does not give her opinions or feelings，while those who do are women．”可知，此处指这位女士认为现在的女人经常犯这样的错误：说出自己的观点和感受，说话不合时宜。故选A。] 28．A．divided　 B．exchanged　 C．parted　 D．classified C　[根据语境和上文“However，I recently met a woman in passing”可知，两人是偶然遇到的，因此谈话结束后就分别了，part ways意为“分别，分道扬镳”。故选C。] 29．A．Identical 　 B．Opposite　 C．Senior　 D．Junior B　[根据下文“most conversations one would have with a stranger，this one stuck with me”和常识可推知，通常情况下，与陌生人的谈话不会对我们产生触动，但作者却对此难以忘怀，因此这里是指与大多数这样的谈话相反。故选B。] 30．A．embraced　 B．declined　 C．expanded　 D．denied A　[根据上文“It turns out that I am not a ‘lady’．”和“But”可知，此处有转折，虽然按照这位女士的理解，作者并非淑女，但是作者接受了这个事实。故选A。] 31．A．watch out for　 B．make way for　 C．reach out for　 D．stand up for D　[根据上文“the bravery”和下文“myself and the things that I believe in”可推知，此处表示维护自己和自己所信仰的事物的勇气。故选D。] 32．A．model　 B．version　 C．script　 D．assistant B　[根据下文“And I know that she would swear that she is ‘ladylike’．”可知，奶奶坚定地认为自己是淑女，因此作者是奶奶的年轻版本，同样坚定地坚持自己的想法。故选B。] 33．A．accuse　 B．convince　 C．inform　 D．suspect B　[根据下文“smile，nod politely，and keep doing what you were doing anyway”可知，作者是在给年轻女性建议，说服她们这样的做法是正确的。故选B。] 34．A．proper　 B．passive　 C．conventional　 D．contradictory A　[根据上文“I take great pride in my opinions，my brain，and the bravery in which I can myself and the things that I believe in．”可知，作者为这样的做法感到自豪，因此认为这样做是正确的。故选A。] 35．A．slows　 B．smooths　 C．quietens　 D．upsets C　[根据下文“your voice”可推知，此处表示让你安静。故选C。] 第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Delicate，shining，and soft to the touch．The fabric called silk 36． (find) its way into the hearts of Chinese people in the past thousands of years．37． origin of it is not clear，but the ancient Chinese people 38． (credit) their own wisdom to Leizu，wife of the Yellow Emperor，as the inventor of sericulture (养蚕业)． The style and texture of silk are 39． (variety)．Hangluo satin from Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province，is famous for its airy and thin texture，40． Yunjin brocade from Nanjing，Jiangsu Province，a luxurious fabric often 41． (use) for royal clothes，represents China's silk weaving technique at its best time．Yunjin brocade is best made 42． hand，in a complex procedure that comprises more than a hundred steps．Even the most skilled artisans can only weave a few centimeters a day． In the Western Han Dynasty，with Zhang Qian 43． (open) up the routes to the western regions，silk graced countries in Central Asia，and later other parts of Eurasia and beyond．44． (appropriate)，its name marked China's major international trade 45． (route)，the ancient Silk Road and Maritime Silk Road． As one of the wonders of ancient China，silk is not merely a type of fabric but a cultural symbol and a representative of elegance． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸的历史以及重要作用。 36．has found　[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几千年里，这种被称为丝绸的织物已经进入了中国人的内心。根据后文“in the past thousands of years”可知，为现在完成时，主语为“The fabric called silk”，助动词用has。故填has found。] 37．The　[考查冠词。句意：它的起源并不清楚，但中国古人把自己的智慧归功于黄帝的妻子嫘祖，她是养蚕的发明者。此处特指丝绸的起源，应用定冠词the，首字母大写。故填The。] 38．credited　[考查时态。句意同上。结合“the ancient Chinese people”可知，事情发生在过去，谓语动词credit用一般过去时。故填credited。] 39．various　[考查形容词。句意：丝绸的式样和质地多种多样。空处作表语，应用形容词various。故填various。] 40．while/and　[考查连词。句意：来自浙江杭州的杭罗以其轻盈的质地而闻名，而来自江苏南京的云锦，一种经常用于皇室服装的奢华面料，代表了中国丝绸编织技术的最佳时期。此处前后表示对比或并列，可用并列连词while或and。故填while/and。] 41．used　[考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，非谓语动词use与逻辑主语fabric构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。] 42．by　[考查介词。句意：云锦是最好的手工织锦，在一个复杂的程序中，包括一百多个步骤。短语by hand表示“手工”。故填by。] 43．opening　[考查非谓语动词。句意：西汉时期，随着张骞开辟西域之路，丝绸在中亚、欧亚大陆乃至更远的地区风靡一时。with复合结构，此处Zhang Qian和非谓语动词open为逻辑主动关系，故open用动词-ing形式作宾补。故填opening。] 44．Appropriately　[考查副词。句意：它的名字恰如其分地代表了中国主要的国际贸易路线——古丝绸之路和海上丝绸之路。修饰后文句子应用副词appropriately作状语，首字母大写。故填Appropriately。] 45．routes　[考查名词的数。句意同上。根据后文“the ancient Silk Road and Maritime Silk Road”可知，名词route应用复数形式。故填routes。] 第三部分　写作 第一节 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将于下周开展以“Volunteers to Serve the Community”为主题的社区服务活动。请你以学生会的名义向全校同学发出倡议，号召大家积极参与到这次志愿者活动中来，内容包括： 1．活动内容； 2．志愿者工作的意义； 3．发出倡议。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 My fellow students， The Students' Union [参考范文] My fellow students， In a bid to raise our awareness of volunteer service，an activity themed “Volunteers to Serve the Community” is scheduled to be held next week． All the participants will be divided into two groups，who are to complete two tasks，namely cleaning public facilities and visiting elderly people，under the instructions of the local community directors．Volunteer service，as its name suggests，means making contributions to the world with nothing in return．It improves community cohesion and even contributes to the development of the whole society．Meanwhile，we students can enhance the team spirit，interpersonal skills and organizational ability，by actively engaging in volunteer work． Therefore，volunteer service is of great significance to oneself and society．I appeal to every one of you to get passionately involved in this activity． The Students' Union 第二节 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Not so long ago，most people didn't know who Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was going to become．She was just an average high school athlete．There was every indication that she was just another Jamaican teenager without much of a future．However，one person wanted to change this．Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly-Ann at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness．Her times were not exactly impressive，but even so，he sensed there was something trying to get out．He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessions．Their cooperation quickly produced results，and a few years later at Jamaica's Olympic Games in early 2008，Shelly-Ann，who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world，beat Jamaica's unchallenged queen of the sprint (短跑)． “Where did she come from？” asked an astonished sprinting world，before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time，only to disappear again without signs．But Shelly-Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder．At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold． Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile．Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on Earth has been anything but smooth and effortless．She grew up in one of Jamaica's toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse，one of the poorest communities in Jamaica．Sometimes her family didn't have enough to eat．She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn't afford shoes．Her mother Maxime had been an athlete herself as a young girl but，like so many other girls in Waterhouse，had to stop after she had her first baby．Maxime's early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty．One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track，and she was ready to sacrifice (牺牲) everything． 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to meet her mother's expectations． But Shelly-Ann's victory was far greater than that． [参考范文] It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to meet her mother's expectations． On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008，all those long，hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit．The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty，had written a new chapter in the history of sports．Shelly-Ann won gold medals at international competitions many times and she gained good fame as well as a big fortune．She completely got out of Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty at last． But Shelly-Ann's victory was far greater than that． The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing，the dark cloud above one of the world's toughest criminal neighborhoods simply disappeared for a few days．“I have so much fire burning for my country，” Shelly said．She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse．She intends to fight to make it a woman's as well as a man's world．A desire，a dream，a vision deep inside the heart determines Shelly's success． 24 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$