18 UNIT 3 Careers and skills Period 4 单元语法讲练-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课件(译林版2020)

Period 4　 UNIT 3　Careers and skills 主题语境 人与自我——个人职业倾向、未来规划等 课时学案　单元语法讲练(Grammer and usage) drop sb．a line　　　　 给某人写信 read between the lines 找出或发觉字里行间的言外之意 come into line (with sb．/sth．) 使一致；使规范； 使符合；(和……)一致 1．put sth．on the line 让……处于危险之中 Period 4　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The new policy is designed to come ____ line with international standards． ②Drop me _ line to say when you're coming． ③Reading ________ the lines，I'd say he isn't happy with the situation． ④这件事要是有差错，你将有失业的危险。 If this goes wrong，_____________________________． into a between your will put your job on the line 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 (1)on the label　　　　 在标签上 (2)label sth．with sth． 给……贴上……的标签 label...as... 称……为…… be labelled (as) 被称为…… 2．label n．标签；(不恰当的)称谓 vt．贴标签于；(尤指不公正地)把……称为 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①According to the symbol __ the label，this sweater should be washed by hand． ②You'd better label the bags ____ all necessary information so as not to confuse them． ③If you spend any time in prison，you are labelled __ a criminal for the rest of your life． ④每袋种子都标有种植者的名字。 Each bag of seeds ______________________________． on with as is labelled with the grower's name 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 复习名词性从句 一、名词性从句概述 1．含义及分类 在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，通常它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 2．常用引导词及语序 (1)从属连词：that，whether，if(连接作用，不作成分)。 (2)连接代词：who(ever)，what(ever)，which(ever)，whom(ever)(作主语，宾语，表语，定语等名词成分)。 (3)连接副词：how(ever)，where(ever)，when(ever)，why(作状语)。 (4)语序：名词性从句一律用陈述语序。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 二、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的用法和特点 1．主语从句 主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。 Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now． 是否将举行运动会现在不能确定。 How the book will sell depends on its author． 这本书将如何销售取决于作者本人。 若主语从句较长，可以使用形式主语it，把主语从句放于后面。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 It is certain that she will do well in her exam． 她在考试中会取得好成绩，这是确定无疑的。 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting． 我们将会在哪里开会都无关紧要。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [即时训练1]　单句语法填空 ①_____ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel． ②It is not get clear _____ was responsible for the accident． ③______ he had said surprised everyone present． How who What 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 2．宾语从句 宾语从句是在句中作宾语的从句。该从句分为两类：(1)动词后的宾语从句；(2)介词后的宾语从句(不能用that引导)。 Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter． 每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。 Please explain why this is impossible． 请说明为什么这不可能。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 She said nothing about how we should do the work． 对这项工作我们该怎么做，她什么也没说。 当宾语从句有补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放在补足语之后。 I find it strange that she doesn't want to go． 她居然不想去，我觉得奇怪。 He made it clear that he objected． 他明确表示反对。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [名师点津]　宾语从句一般用陈述语气，但是，当主句的谓语动词为advise，insist(坚决主张)，suggest(建议)，require，request，order等表示请求、命令、要求、主张的动词时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即用“should＋动词原形”。(should往往可以省略)。 She insisted that he (should) go there with her． 她坚决要求他跟她一起去那儿。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [即时训练2]　单句语法填空 ①I think it highly unlikely ____ I'll get the job． ②She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't． ③Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing _____ she was heading． ④So，how do you find a workout partner? First of all，decide ____ you want from that person． that whether where what 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 3．表语从句 表语从句是指在连系动词之后作表语的从句，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound等。 The question is whether we can finish the work in time． 问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。 You look as if you slept badly． 你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [名师点津]　(1)表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。 The fact is that he didn't notice the car until too late． 事实是他注意到汽车时已经太晚了。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 (2)主句的主语是名词idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。 My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of setting it aside． 我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不是把它放在一边。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [即时训练3]　单句语法填空 ①The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ____ one can be entirely free from dust． ②From space，the earth looks blue．This is _______ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water． ③This is ____ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best． ④By boat is the only way to get here，which is _____ we arrived． that because what how 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 4．同位语从句 在句中充当同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句常位于fact，doubt，hope，wish，idea，promise，decision，truth，conclusion等名词后面，对该名词的具体内容做进一步说明。 There is no doubt that the protection of folk music is of great significance． 毫无疑问，保护民间音乐意义非常重大。 He hasn't made the decision whether he will join us． 他还未决定是否加入我们。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 I have no idea when he will be back． 我不知道他将什么时候回来。 如果主句谓语较短，that引导的同位语从句可与同位的名词隔开。 The fact remains that there is no filling station here． 这里没有加油站这一事实依然存在。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [名师点津]　在suggestion，order，request等表示建议、命令或要求的名词后面的同位语从句中，其谓语要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 The manager put forward a suggestion that we (should) have an assistant．There is too much work to do． 经理建议我们找一个助手。有太多的工作要做了。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [即时训练4]　单句语法填空 ①Scientists have obtained more evidence ____ plastic is finding its way into the human body． ②The problem _______ he will have his college education at home or abroad remains untouched． ③I could no longer ignore the fact ____ he was deeply unhappy． that whether that 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 三、it作形式主语的主语从句 主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型： 1．It＋不及物动词或短语动词的适当形式＋从句． ·It seems that... ·It happened that... ·It has turned out that... It seemed that he had been to Beijing before． 好像他以前去过北京。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 2．It＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋从句． ·It is said that... ·It is reported that... ·It is believed that... ·It is hoped that... ·It has been proved that... It is said that he has read the novel． 据说他读过这本小说。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 3．It＋be＋形容词＋从句． ·It is necessary that... ·It is clear that... ·It is (un)likely that... ·It is important that... It is necessary that people should learn to face the reality． 人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 4．It＋be＋名词＋that从句． 适用该句型的名词(词组)有：a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，good news，one's duty等。 It is a pity that you missed the sports meeting last week． 很遗憾你错过了上周的运动会。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [即时训练5]　完成句子 ①看起来他们会赢得这场比赛。 It seems ________________________． ②有人建议会议应当延期。 It is suggested ________________________________． ③英语作为国际语言正被人们所接受，这是事实。 _____________ English is being accepted as an international language． that they will win the match that the meeting should be postponed It is a fact that 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 用名词性从句相关知识补全短文 I like reading very much．My classmates' question is 1．______ I began to love reading．Actually，I loved reading when I was a child and I grew up in a college town．What I meant was 2．____ I was surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read at that time．3．______ I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies．My love of reading was credited with the fact 4．____ my parents only allow me to watch TV for one hour a day．It was not really surprising 5．____ literature became my vocation． when that That that that 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural women's legends．6．_________ there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot．Thanks to Jane Goodall，her research showed me the answer．She argued 7．_____ wild animals should be left in the wild．After finishing her story，I still have some doubts about 8．______ she could achieve such a great success．Lin Qiaozhi，a doctor，devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children．9．______ made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients．10．_____ she didn't choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now． Whether that how What Why 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 ①candidate n．候选人；应试者；被认定适合者 ②gain the upper hand 处于有利地位，有优势 ③set off 动身，出发，启程；引爆，拉响；引发，触发 ④assess vt．评估，评定 ⑤applicant n．申请人 ⑥be suitable for 适合…… 课下预习　第二篇课文(Extended reading) Period 4　 ⑦prior adj．在前的；优先的，占先的 prior to 在……之前 ⑧profile n．概述；形象；侧面轮廓 vt．概述，写简介 ⑨criterion n．( pl．criteria)标准，准则 ⑩make a list of列出……的清单 ⑪concisely adv．简明地，简练地，简洁地 ⑫shave n．刮脸，剃须vi．& vt．剃(须发)，刮脸 ⑬refreshed adj．恢复了精力的，精神振作的 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 ⑭mode n．方式，风格，样式 ⑮delay n．延迟的时间；延期，耽搁 vi．& vt．延迟，延期；使迟到，使拖延 ⑯at least至少 ⑰duration n．持续时间，期间 for the duration直到……结束，在整个……期间 ⑱rude adj．粗鲁的，无礼的，粗野的 ⑲justify vt．对……作出解释，为……辩解；证明……正确 ⑳relevant adj．紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 ㉑infer vt．推断，推论，推理 ㉒convey vt．表达，传递；传送，运送 ㉓firm adj．强有力的，坚决的；坚固的；坚定的；牢固的 n．商行，公司 ㉔genuine adj．真诚的，可信赖的；真的，名副其实的 ㉕yawn vi．打哈欠 ㉖cross one's arms交叉双臂 ㉗imply vt．意味着；暗示；表明 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 ㉘defensive adj．怀有戒心的；防御的；保护的 ㉙seize vt．抓住，把握；捉住，夺；攻占；没收 ㉚bring up谈及，提出；养育，抚养 ㉛corporate adj．公司的；全体的，共同的 ㉜look back on回顾 ㉝put one's best foot forward全力以赴 ㉞rainbow n．虹，彩虹 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 Tips for job interviews Good morning，everyone．Today I'll be talking about what to do if you're asked to go for a job interview．The odds are that you've never been a candidate① for a particular job before，but my advice will help you gain the upper hand② as you set off③ and step into the world of employment． 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 Before we go any further，it's important to understand the purpose of an interview．An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee，which allows the interviewer to assess④ the job applicant⑤ to see if he or she is suitable for⑥ the position[1]．Meanwhile，it provides an opportunity for the applicant to learn more about the job and the company，and to discover whether this job is right for him or her[2]． 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [1]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a conversation；动词不定式短语to see...position作目的状语；if引导宾语从句。 [2]whether引导宾语从句。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 Prior⑦ to the interview，ensure you make good preparations．Find out about the company and the post you are interviewing for[3] through the company profile⑧．This information will give you a good basis for what criteria⑨ are used for selecting candidates．List your strengths and skill set that will help the company achieve its goals[4]．It's equally important to analyse your weaknesses and have a plan in mind to show how you intend to overcome them[5]． 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [3]此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the post，从句省略了关系代词that/which。 [4]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词your strengths and skill set。 [5]how引导宾语从句。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 Once you've done your homework about the company and the position[6]，make a list of⑩ questions that could be asked during the interview[7] and think about how to best answer them．Better yet，do practice interviews with a friend．You can film the interviews to review your performance[8]．Pay attention to your voice and body language．Practice makes perfect．Keep at it until you can concisely⑪ and confidently present your best self． 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [6]Once引导时间状语从句，once意为“一旦”。 [7]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词questions。 [8]此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 Prepare to make a good first impression．Dress appropriately for your interview and gentlemen，be sure to have a good shave⑫．Get a good night's rest so that you feel and look refreshed⑬．Check the address of the interview，decide what mode⑭ of transport to use and allow extra time for traffic delays⑮．Remember，be an early bird and arrive at least⑯ half an hour before your confirmed interview time． 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 For the duration⑰ of the interview，listen carefully to the questions，and if you need clarification，it is not rude⑱ to say so．When answering[9]，try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much．Justify⑲ yourself with relevant⑳ examples from your personal experience and be specific about your achievements．However，you'll also need to pay attention to the interviewer's responses to determine whether to provide more details or not[10]． 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [9]此处为状语从句的省略。其完整形式为When you are answering。 [10]此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 The interviewer can infer㉑ a lot from your body language．Positive body language conveys㉒ the impression that you are confident and relaxed[11]．So start with a firm㉓ handshake and a genuine㉔ smile when greeting the interviewer．While speaking，make constant eye contact but do not stare fixedly at the interviewer．Keep your back straight throughout the interview．Negative body language，such as yawning㉕，looking around and crossing your arms㉖，is to be avoided because it implies㉗ that you are bored，anxious or defensive㉘[12]． [11]that引导同位语从句，作名词impression的同位语。 [12]that引导宾语从句。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 Towards the end of the interview，don't forget to seize㉙ the moment and ask questions．An interview is a two-way street． Asking questions[13] not only gives you a better picture of the company，but also allows you to address any strengths you weren't able to bring up㉚ naturally[14]．For example，“Japanese was a minor subject I took and I know that expanding into Japan is part of your corporate㉛ plan．Will this position provide opportunities to work in emerging markets there？” 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 [13]此处为动词-ing形式短语作主语。 [14]此为为定语从句，修饰先行词any strengths，从句省略了关系代词that/which。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 After the interview，you should follow it up by writing to thank the interviewer for giving you the opportunity and again express your interest in working for the company．This is not only a polite thing to do，but also a final chance to recommend yourself．It's also vital to look back on㉜ the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed[15]． 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 If you follow these steps and put your best foot forward㉝ in your interview，you will be one step closer to reaching the end of the rainbow㉞ and obtaining your dream job．I wish you the best of luck！ 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 求职面试技巧 各位上午好。今天我想讲一下，如果你被通知去参加求职面试，应该怎么做。可能你之前从未当过某项职位的求职者，但是(没关系)，我的建议能让你在初涉职场时赢得先手。 首先要说的是，了解面试的目的非常重要。面试是雇主和潜在雇员之间的一次对话，它使面试官可以评估求职者是否适合这个职位。同时，它也为求职者提供机会来更好地了解该工作和该公司的情况，并弄清楚这份工作是否适合自己。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 面试之前，要确保做好准备。通过公司的简介对该公司以及应聘职位做一些了解。这些信息能为你提供一个很好的依据来判断他们筛选候选人的标准。把你能帮助该公司达成其目标的优点和技能组合列出来。同样重要的是要分析一下自己的弱点，并且在心里计划好自己打算如何克服这些弱点。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 针对公司和职位做足功课之后，列出在面试中可能会被问到的问题，并想想如何给出最佳答案。更好的是，找一位朋友进行面试练习。你可以把面试练习过程录下来，然后回顾自己的表现。关注一下自己的谈吐和肢体语言。熟能生巧。坚持练习，直到你能够简洁而自信地展现出最好的自我。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 准备好给人留下良好的第一印象。参加面试要穿着得体，并且，先生们，请务必把胡须剃干净。好好休息一晚，这样你就会感觉并显得精神焕发。查一下面试地址，选好使用哪种交通工具，并预留额外时间以免交通延误。切记，一定要早起，至少比确认的面试时间提前半小时到场。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 面试时要认真听问题，如果你需要对方表达更清楚些，可以提出来，这并不失礼。回答时试着把握好交谈的分寸，既要给出面试官所需的一切信息，使其对你有全面的了解，又不能过于啰唆。从自己的个人经历中找出相关事例来解释，并且具体说说自己取得的成绩。但是，你也需要注意面试官的反应来决定是否提供更多细节。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 面试官可以从你的肢体语言推断出很多信息。积极的肢体语言传达着自信而放松的印象。因此，和面试官打招呼时，首先要强有力地握手并面带真诚的微笑。交谈时要保持眼神交流，但不可一直盯着面试官看。在整个面试过程中，背部要挺直。要避免打哈欠、东张西望、交叉双臂这类消极的肢体语言，因为这暗示着你处于厌倦、紧张或警戒之中。 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 面试快结束时，别忘了抓住机会问问题。面试是双向的。提问不仅能让你更好地了解这家公司，也能让你说说自己无法自然提及的优势。例如：“我选修了日语，并且我了解到拓展日本业务是贵公司计划的一部分。这个职位会提供在日本新兴市场工作的机会吗？” 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 面试后，你应该紧接着写信感谢面试官给你这次机会，并再次表达你为公司工作的兴趣。这不仅是一种礼貌的做法，也是推荐自己的最后机会。回顾面试过程也极为重要，梳理一下哪些地方你做得好，哪些地方还需要改进。 如果你依照这些步骤，在面试中全力以赴，你离到达理想的彼岸并获得梦寐以求的工作就更近一步了。祝你好运！ 课时学案 课下预习 Period 4　 $$