云南省镇雄县第四中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

null 镇雄县第四中学 2024年秋期中考试试卷（高二英语） 考试范围：必修一、二、三，选修一全册 考试时间： 命题人： 审题人： 注意事项: 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man mean? A. He doesn't know why the coffee tastes bad. B. He thinks they ought to go to the coffee shop. C. He only wants coffee because he isn't hungry. 2.Why did the man want to go to the library? A. To return a book. B. To borrow a book. C. To find someone. 3. What does the man mean? A. Margie has gone home. B. He's known Margie for a long time. C. He just met Margie. 4. Why was Carl at the hospital? A. He was sick. B. His wife was sick. C. He was visiting his daughter. 5. What is the woman riding? A. In a train. B. On a plane. C. In a taxi. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Father and daughter. 7. What does the man tell the woman to do at first? A. Get her things. B. Arrive on time. C. Stop talking. 8. What do we know about the woman? A. She is warm-hearted. B. She is cold-blooded. C. She is hot-tempered. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. What are the two speakers generally talking about? A. Shopping in different places. B. People served in shops. C. Goods in various qualities 10. What is the man? A. A staff of a department store. B. A manager of a supermarket. C. A salesman in a small shop. 11. What might the woman think of supermarket staff? A. They're very nice. B. They're well-paid. C. They're unfriendly. 听下面一段对话，回答第12至第14三个小题。 12. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. At a clothes shop. B. At a bus stop. C. At a Lost and Found. 13. How many coats are mentioned by the man? A.3. B.4. C.2. 14. What do we know about the man? A. He is lying to the woman. B. He pretends to be poor. C. He does not need a coat. 听下面一段对话，回答第15至第17三个小题。 15. What are the man and the woman talking about? A. Eating in a restaurant. B. A fast food restaurant. C. The history of a city. 16. Why would workers buy lunches in McDonald's? A. The food tasted better than their lunches from home. B. The employees there are helpful and polite. C. The tables and floors are clean. 17. Who first owned McDonald's? A. Richard McDonald. B. Ray Kroe. C. Two brothers. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. What kind of car does Mrs. Hill have? A. A fast, new car. B. A fast, old car. C.A slow, old car. 19. What kind of pictures does Mike paint? A. He often paints pictures in black. B. He paints very colourful pictures. C. He paints pictures with only a few colours. 20. How many people go out in Joe's ear on Sundays? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven, 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Some Music Festivals Pitchfork Music Festival Anyone who adores indie(独立的) music and up-and-coming artists will have an amazing time at the Pitchfork Music Festival in Chicago's Union Park. This is a wonderful festival that explores more underground and less known bands than the other big Chicago summer festival, Lollapalooza. Date: July 14－16 Location: Chicago, Illinois Music Type: Indie Price: $75－$365 Essence Music Festival No matter what time of the year it is, New Orleans is an incredible place to be if you love live music. The Essence Music Festival is a celebration of great artists like Diana Ross, Chaka Khan, and Mary J. Blige. Date: June 29－July 2 Location: New Orleans, Louisiana, USA Music Type: R & B, soul Price: $126－$2, 700 Sziget Festival Budapest knows how to organize a party, and Sziget is one of the biggest celebrations of music and culture in all of Europe. You can expect to watch favorite artists like Bad Religion and Mac DeMarco appearing on the stages here during this sevenday festival. Date: August 9－15 Location: Budapest, Hungary Music Type: Eclectic, indie, rock Price: $70－$96 Flow Festival The Flow Festival is a great excuse to explore the city of Helsinki. Artists including Lana Del Rey and The XX will be playing, among many others. Come to this festival to enjoy a relaxing atmosphere with an earth-friendly attitude. Date: August 11－13 Location: Helsinki, Finland Music Type: Rock, soul, jazz Price: $106－$199 21. What is special about Pitchfork Music Festival? A. It is more independent. B. It is held underground. C. It is more famous than other festivals. D. It focuses on unknown bands. 22. Where can you enjoy a music festival lasting a week? A. In Budapest. B. In Helsinki. C. In Chicago. D. In New Orleans. 23. Which music festival will be held in Finland? A. Sziget Festival. B. Flow Festival. C. Essence Music Festival. D. Pitchfork Music Festival. B Do you make money by doing small jobs? If you do, you may have heard of the idea of spending only some of it, saving some of it and donating some to people who need it more. The head of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, and his wife announced they were giving away 99% of their money from Facebook during their lives to help others! That alone is amazing considering most people donate about 3% to 5% of the money they have. It is even more amazing when you realize they’re donating about $45 billion. That’s $45, 000, 000, 000!!!! Don’t worry. They’ll still have about $455 million to live on! They made this decision partly because they had a baby girl, Max, and thought about what kind of world they’d like her to grow up in. It must be an amazing feeling to have that kind of money spent on people in need. Mark Zuckerberg is one of the richest persons in the world, so most of us will never know what that would be like. But we don’t have to be super wealthy to make meaningful change. Sometimes change can come from change! Ten-year-old Joey Roth from America started saving up change he found anywhere--around his house, on the street, on his way to school…And then he started putting it in a jar. He even asked the tooth fairy to donate some change in his letter to her after he lost a tooth! (The tooth fairy is an imaginary person.) His collection, Jar for Change, has grown into a community-wide effort and he has raised over $10, 000 all from people dropping coins into jars! The money he raises goes to help connect parents with their very sick babies. See what these people have done? You, too, can help others—no matter how old you are, where you live and how much you earn! 24. How much would most people donate if they had 20, 000 yuan? A. 60-100 yuan. B. 300-500 yuan. C. 600-1000 yuan. D. 30-50 yuan. 25. Mark Zuckerberg and his wife decided to make such a donation partly because of ________. A. Joey Roth B. their childhood C. their education D. their daughter 26. What does the underlined word “that” in the third paragraph refer to? A. Making money. B. Giving away $45 billion to help others. C. Being the richest person in the world. D. Spending money unwisely. 27. What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning Joey Roth’s story? A. Everyone can make a difference. B. Giving makes people happy. C. Pocket money can be helpful. D. Giving is better than receiving. C Blood donations save lives. But blood can only be stored under refrigeration (冷藏) for up to six weeks. After that, it’s no longer usable for transfusions(输血). “Because of that limitation, people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs. But also, in places where refrigeration may not be available, that can also be a challenge. It’s difficult to have blood available when needed.” University of Louisville bioengineer Jonathan Kopechek says. He also says disruptions to regular blood donations due to COVID-19 have put stress on the blood supply, and COVID-19 strengthens the need for more reliable long-term storage methods. But it’s pretty rare because of all the challenges and complexities with that process. Instead Kopechek’s team has developed a method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated(脱水的) state at room temperature. To do so, they turned to an unusual preservative(防腐剂): a sugar called trehalose, which is a common ingredient(成分) in donuts（甜甜圈）to help make them look fresh even when they might be months old, and people wouldn’t know the difference. At that point, the blood could be dried and made into a powder(粉末). And then we can rehydrate(再水化) the blood and have it return back to normal. The team is still trying to improve yields but thinks the dried blood could be stored at room temperature for years. Kopechek says the technique could be ready for clinical trials in three to five years. If successful, it could be used to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters, and for first aid work, military operations or even missions to Mars. Maybe first aid kits on the Red Planet will include dried red blood cells. 28. Why we need a more reliable method to preserve blood? A. Refrigeration can’t be afforded. B. The cost to store blood is very high. C. People can’t donate their blood for COVID-19. D. Blood can only be stored under refrigeration for a short time. 29. What makes the food or blood look fresh? A. Trehalose. B. Donuts. C. Powder. D. The new technique. 30. What can we know about the technique? A. It is successful now. B. It has been put into use. C. It will be widely used. D. It has been researched for 3 to 4 years. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. How to store blood. B. Shortage of refrigeration . C. A new technique of storing blood. D. A new technique used in many fields. D Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering often takes a backseat-but it’s more pressing than we may think. Some may say that a banana peel out of your car along the motorway would be a harmless action. Actually, they are wrong. A banana peel can take up to two years to decompose(分解)，and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of discarded banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading(生物降解)term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminium cans last up to 100 years, and plastic bottles last forever, so do glass bottles and plastic bags. Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we can’t only measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading span, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown away in the UK every day. Similarly, our regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s mouse population to increase by 60 million. This suddenly isn’t so mysterious when you consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an amazing 500%. It’s not a cheap habit either: UK taxpayers spent $500 million on keeping the streets clean. So, it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping, you could face a $20, 000 fine. Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2, 000 were punished out of 825, 000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people observe the rules. To take back our beautiful cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need to care more about the world around us. 32. Which of the following is easiest to decompose ? A. An aluminium can. B. A plastic bag. C. An orange peel. D. A glass bottle. 33. What can we know from Para. 3? A. Annual littering has increased a little in UK since the 1960s. B. Shorter-lasting materials will be less harmful to the environment. C. Cigarette-related litter is a severe environmental problem in UK. D. Regular littering has caused the UK’s mouse population to reach 60 million. 34. Which of the following can best describe UK’s punishment on littering according to Para. 4? A. Every little helps. B. A drop in the bucket. C. No pains, no gains. D. Fear is often greater than the danger. 35. What is the best title of the passage? A. Littering, a surprisingly big issue. B. Environment issue, a big concern. C. Long-lasting material, a hidden danger. D. Rubbish collection, an urgent task. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Methods to Help Solve Air Pollution With the development of the industry, air pollution has become an internationally concerned issue. The governments are taking efficient measures to prevent the situation getting worse.But as a member of the earth village, you can also help a lot. 36. Leave your cars at home. Cars，being the greatest source of air pollution， can be left at home this weekend. 37. Other greener options are carpooling, riding a bike or you can also walk if you want a healthier option and if your workplace is not that far away from your home. Volunteer yourself. This is one of the best things you can do. Why? Because it will do you good too. 38. If you have time, there are lots of opportunities out there to pitch in, for instance，planting trees, cleaning a park or simply coming up with ways you can preserve mother Earth. Green-up your home. This is one of the most common things that people do whenever Earth Day rolls around. That is to switch off their lights. However, this is not something you should do just for a day and for only an hour. 39. In addition, take out all the plugs from plug points even after switching them off. Pledge(保证)to do more every day. You know what the best way to celebrate Earth Day is? Extend your celebrations. That's right! Do something every day that will improve your surroundings to make the planet a better place to live in. 40. The future of our planet is in your hands. A. Bathing every day is bad for our health. B. Voluntary work does good to your body and mind. C. Travelling via public transport is the better option. D. Join other like-minded individuals in a common task. E. Always remember that every step, every initiative counts. F. Here are what you can do to help. G. Conserve energy by switching off all power whenever they are not in use. 第三部分 英语知识应用（共两节，满分30分） 第1节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的4个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My wife and I moved into our home two years ago. We had a yard with a lot of 41. . Very often when we have flowers, Denise or I would plant some between the rocks, just to add some 42. to the area. Last summer, I found a tiny little plant in the yard that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either. We decided to let it 43. growing until we could find out what it was. Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 44. plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. I decided to 4 5. the weeds(杂草) around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something 46. . The sunflower had not 47. where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the 48. . That’s when I 49. that if a tiny little sunflower didn’t let a big rock stand in its way of developing, we too have the ability of doing the same thing. If we 50. ourselves like that little sunflower, we can reach where we 51. to go and get what we need for growth. We need to believe in ourselves knowing we have the 52. to achieve our goals. Like the sunflower, it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks because it had 53. in itself that it would succeed. Stand tall like the sunflower and be 54. of who and what we are, and then the environment will begin to 55. us. We will find a way to go under or around any “rocks” in order to reach our goals. 41. A. flower B. insects C. vegetables D. rocks 42. A. water B. fertilizer C. color D. shape 43. A. stop B. continue C. improve D. escape 44. A. weak B. strange C. lonely D. pretty 45. A. collect B. tend C. remove D. watch 46. A. unusual B. wonderful C. terrible D. valuable 47. A. passed B. started C. left D. died 48. A. air B. top C. sun D. house 49. A. hoped B. realized C. doubted D. regretted 50. A. fill in B. put in C. worry about D. believe in 51. A. forget B. hate C. aim D. wait 52. A. wish B. plan C. ability D. idea 53. A. faith B. energy C. virtue D. courage 54. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. tired 55. A. forgive B. support C. upset D. affect 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填上适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并填在答题卡的相应位置。 After four years of living here, I have a better 56. (understand) of northern China’s food. Northern China’s hearty food is 57. (general) more acceptable to Westerners. They can enjoy Beijing roast duck, beef and dairy from Inner Mongolia, and Korean dishes in the northeast. Northern China experiences cold and dry winters, and hot summers, 58. (make) calories and salt replacement more important. As a result, northern dishes have strong flavors, compared with the south 59. dishes are lighter in flavor. Wheat is the main crop of northern China, and you will find a variety of wheat-flour 60. (product). Rice is also eaten in the north, but it is certainly secondary to wheat. Dumplings are very popular in the north, 61. (serve) with vinegar for dipping. Northerners tend to eat more meat and dairy for the purpose 62. fighting against the cold weather. Most meat dishes 63. (base) on mutton, pork, beef, chicken, and fish. There are less fresh vegetables available because of 64. cold weather. Fruit is traditionally limited to a few hard seasonal varieties like apples, so it doesn’t feature much in the cuisine, although the northwest is famous for 65. (it) dried fruit and wine. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第1节 应用文写作 66.假定你是李华，你校英文报将刊登以“Body Language”为主题的文章。请给你的外国朋友Jack写一封邮件向他约稿，内容包括: 1.稿件内容; 2.稿件长度 3.交稿时间。 注意:写作词数应为100词左右,可适当增加细节。 Dear Jack， Yours, Li Hua 第2节 读后续写 67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to be a lonely girl sitting at the back of the classroom. Having failed the college entrance exams and changed schools twice, I seldom smiled. Every day I would sit at the desk, staring into textbooks and exercises. Motionless and heavy-hearted. However, my classmates were in a different picture. They were playing, laughing and chatting delightedly. Besides, I hated it when they were always answering the teachers' questions, loudly and confidently, Obviously, I had no friends in this fiercely competitive class The life is harder for senior students. Hardly does a day go by without exercises or tests. Every time when scores came out mine wouldn't be the first or second but last. I was especially tired of the endless exercises and exams, which I seemingly would never do well in. I was under a lot of pressure, feeling like a fish being fried in a pan. Hanging over me was a dark cloud. The only dim light came from Mr. Smith. Every time l stepped into the classroom, he welcomed me with a warm smile; every time my gaze began to wander over the classroom or stare out of the window, his caring eyes would draw me back to his class. Besides, he was the only teacher who invited me to the office, talking about my studies and scores. I remembered when I came out of his office. I felt refreshed believing that I could work harder. I was feeling everything was changing for the better. I prepared hard for the final exam of the first semester，desiring to prove that I was not the last one. So before Mr. Smith told us the test result, I was expecting something good in store for me. But I was still the last one in the class. A burst of sadness and shame consuming me, I was heartbroken. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答 Paragraph 1: Right at that moment, Mr. Smith invited me to his office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally, the college admission letter came. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 镇雄县第四中学 2024年秋期中考试试卷（高二英语）答案 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1-5 BABCC 6-10 BBCAB 11-15 CCAAB 16-20 ACABB 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 21-25 DABCD 26-30 BADAC 31-35 CCCBA 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36-40 FCDGE 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第1节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 41-45 DCBBC 46-50 ABCBD 51-55 CCACCB 第2节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 56. understanding 57. generally 58. making 59. where 60. products 61. served 62. of 63. are based 64. the 65. its 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第1节 应用文写作 Dear Jack, How are you doing? I'd like to invite you to write an article for our school's English magazine. In order to make us students have a better understanding of body language in different countries, we are going to cover some articles about body language. I wonder if you could write something concerning what is body language as well as the implications in different cultures. You can write anything relevant as long as students can appreciate the art of non-verbal humour. 350 words would be fine. Could we have your article before next Friday? Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 第2节 读后续写 Paragraph 1: Right at that moment, Mr. Smith invited me to his office. I entered with a heavy heart, expecting a lecture on my lack of progress. Instead, he surprised me with words of encouragement. He said, "Failure is not the end, but a stepping stone to success." He reminded me that everyone moves at their own pace and that I should focus on my own journey rather than comparing myself to others. His words were like a lifeline, pulling me back from the abyss of self-doubt. He suggested a personalized study plan and offered extra tutoring sessions. I left his office with a renewed sense of hope and determination. Paragraph 2: Finally, the college admission letter came. As I opened the envelope with trembling hands, I couldn't believe my eyes. I had been accepted into my dream university! The hard work, the late nights, and the countless hours of studying had paid off. I was no longer the last one; I was a student with a bright future ahead. I rushed to Mr. Smith's classroom to share the news. His face lit up with pride and joy. He knew the journey had been tough, but he had faith in me all along. It was a moment of triumph, not just for me, but for the bond we had formed. The dark cloud that once hung over me had finally cleared, and the sun was shining bright on a new chapter of my life. 解析： A 本文是一篇应用文。这篇短文介绍了几个音乐节，包括开放日期、地点和特点。 21.细节理解题。根据Pitchfork Music Festival 中的“This is a wonderful festival that explores more underground and less known bands than the other big Chicago summer festival, Lollapalooza. (这是一个精彩的音乐节，与其他大型的芝加哥夏季音乐节Lollapalooza相比，它探索了更多的地下和不太知名的乐队。)”可知，它探索了更多的不太知名的乐队，这正是他的之处。故选D。 22.细节理解题。根据Sziget Festival 中的“Date: August 9－15 Location: Budapest, Hungary(日期：8月9日至15日 地点：布达佩斯，匈牙利)”可知，在布达佩斯的音乐节持续一 周。故选A。 23. 细节理解题。根据Flow Festival中的“Location: Helsinki, Finland(地点：赫尔辛基，芬兰)”可知，芬兰举行的音乐节是Flow Festival。故选B。 B 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍不是非要有很多钱才能帮助他人，我们可以从小处做起。 24. 细节理解题。根据第二段“That alone is amazing considering most people donate about 3% to 5% of the money they have.(考虑到大多数人捐出大约3%到5%的钱，这本身就很令人惊讶。)”可知，大多数人会把自己所拥有资金的3%-5%捐出去，所以，如果有20000元，大多数会捐出600-1000元。故选C。 25. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They made this decision partly because they had a baby girl, Max, and thought about what kind of world they’d like her to grow up in.(他们做出这个决定的部分原因是，他们有了一个女儿Max，他们想象着她在一个什么样的世界里长大。)”可知，他们捐出这么一大笔钱是因为他们的女儿。故选D。 26. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“It is even more amazing when you realize they’re donating about $45 billion.(当你意识到他们捐赠了450亿美元时，你会更惊讶。)”和划线单词前一句“It must be an amazing feeling to have that kind of money spent on people in need.(把那么多钱花在有需要的人身上一定是一种很棒的感觉。)”以及划线单词所在句“Mark Zuckerberg is one of the richest persons in the world, so most of us will never know what that would be like. (马克·扎克伯格是世界上最富有的人之一，所以我们大多数人永远不会知道那会是什么样子。)”可知，此处说的是我们没有像他那么多的财富，所以我们大多数人都不知道把捐赠450亿美元用来帮助别人的感觉。故选B。 27. 推理判断题。文章第二段、第三段主要讲述了大富翁Mark Zuckerberg夫妇捐款助人的事迹；根据第四段“But we don’t have to be super wealthy to make meaningful change. (但我们不需要超级富有才能做出有意义的改变。)”可知，作者认为不是非要有很多钱才能帮助他人。接着讲述了Joey Roth这个普通小男孩攒钱助人的事迹。所以，作者提到这个小男孩是为了告诉我们每个人都可以帮助其他人、都可以给这个世界带来改变。故选A。 C 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种储存血液的新技术的实验制备过程和成效以及它的发展前景。 28. 细节理解题。根据第一段“But blood can only be stored under refrigeration (冷藏) for up to six weeks. After that, it’s no longer usable for transfusions(输血).（但是血液只能在冷藏条件下保存6周。在那之后，它就不能用于输血了。）”可知，我们需要更可靠的方法来保存血液是因为血液只能在冷藏条件下短时间保存。故选D。 29. 细节理解题。根据第三段“To do so, they turned to an unusual preservative(防腐剂): a sugar called trehalose, which is a common ingredient(成分) in donuts（甜甜圈）to help make them look fresh even when they might be months old, and people wouldn’t know the difference.（为了做到这一点，他们使用了一种不寻常的防腐剂:一种叫做海藻糖的糖，它是甜甜圈的常见成分，可以使它们看起来新鲜，即使它们可能已经几个月了，而人们不知道其中的区别。）”可知，是海藻糖让食物或血液看起来新鲜。故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If successful, it could be used to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters, and for first aid work, military operations or even missions to Mars.（如果成功的话，它可以用来储存干血，以防未来的流行病或自然灾害，以及用于急救工作、军事行动甚至火星任务。）”可知，这项技术如果成功，那它将被广泛使用。故选C。 31. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Instead Kopechek’s team has developed a method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated(脱水的) state at room temperature.（相反，科佩切克的团队已经开发了一种保存血液的方法，这样它就可以在室温下以脱水状态保存。）”及全文可知，本文主要是讲述一种储存血液的新技术。故选C。 D 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与我们每天听到的那些显而易见的环境问题相比，乱扔垃圾往往居于次要地位——但它比我们想象的更紧迫。 32. 细节理解题。根据第二段“A banana peel can take up to two years to decompose(分解)，and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of discarded banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading(生物降解)term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminium cans last up to 100 years, and plastic bottles last forever, so do glass bottles and plastic bags. (香蕉皮需要长达两年的时间才能分解，三分之一的司机承认在开车时乱扔垃圾，这是一堆丢弃的香蕉皮，甚至更糟。橘子皮和烟蒂的生物降解程度与香蕉相似，但锡罐和铝罐可以保存100年，塑料瓶可以保存100年，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也一样。)”可知，橘子皮需要两年时间才能分解；而铝罐、塑料袋和玻璃瓶需要100年，所以最容易分解的是橘子皮。故选C。 33. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we can’t only measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading span, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown away in the UK every day. (尽管更持久的材料会更长时间地破坏环境和动物，但我们不能只通过垃圾的寿命来衡量其严重程度。例如，尽管生物降解的时间相当短，但在英国，每天仍有120多吨与香烟有关的垃圾被丢弃。)”可推断，在英国，与香烟相关的垃圾是一个严重的环境问题。故选C。 34. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2, 000 were punished out of 825, 000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people observe the rules. (然而，不管处罚看起来有多严厉，在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了处罚，所以我们在确保人们遵守规则方面还有一段路要走。)”可知，作者认为在垃圾方面的处罚力度是远远不够的。选项A“Every little helps. (每一点都是有帮助的。)”；选项B“A drop in the bucket. (沧海一粟、九牛一毛)”；选项C“No pains, no gains. (没有付出就没有回报)”；选项D“Fear is often greater than the danger. (杞人忧天)”。故选B。 35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering often takes a backseat-but it’s more pressing than we may think. (与我们每天听到的那些显而易见的环境问题相比，乱扔垃圾往往居于次要地位——但它比我们想象的更紧迫。)”以及最后一段“To take back our beautiful cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need to care more about the world around us. (为了夺回我们美丽的城市，我们需要做的不仅仅是不把垃圾留在不该留在的地方。我们需要更多地关心我们周围的世界。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍的是乱扔垃圾是一个很严重的问题。故选A。 完形填空： 感悟:人需要相信自己才能实现目标取得成功。 41..考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的院子里有很多石头。A. lower花; B. insects 昆虫; C. vegetables 蔬菜: D. rocks岩石。根据下文"Dise or I would plant some between the rocks"(丹尼斯和我在石头之间种植)可知，说明院子里有很多石头，rocks为原词复现。故选D。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意:通常当我们有花的时候，丹尼斯或者是我会在石头之间种一些花，就是为了给这个区域增添一些色彩。A. water水: B. fertilizer 化肥: C. color颜色; D. shape形状。根据常识可知，因为花朵是有颜色的，所以种花能给这个区域增添色彩。故选C。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们决定让它继续成长，直到发现它是什么。A. stop停止: B. continue继续: C. improve改善:D. escape逃脱。根据后文 “until we could find out what it was."(直到我们发现它是什么)可知，作者想看看它到底是什么植物，推断出作者需要让花朵继续生长。故选B。 44.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一个星期过去了，当我返回看那颗奇怪的植物时，它看起来像是一朵向日葵。A. weak 虚弱的: B. strange奇怪的; C. lonely孤独的; D. pretty漂亮的。根据前文"We decided to let it3___ growing until we could find out what it was."(我们决定让它继续成长，直到发现它是什么。)可知，作者还不知道这是一株说明植物，推断出作者认为这颗植物很奇怪。故选B。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我决定拔掉它周围的杂草。A collect收集:B. tend 趋向: C. remove移走: D. watch 观看，根据后文"As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, "(当我从这片区域拔出石头去清除杂草时)可知，作者要移除杂草。故选C. 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我从这片地区拔出石头去除草时，我发现了某件不寻常的东西。A unusual不同寻常的; B. wonderful 极好的: C. terrible 糟糕的; D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“The sunflower had not7___where I saw it begin "(向日葵并不是从我看见它的地方开始生长的。)可知，向日葵并没有从作者看见它的地方开始生长，推断出这件事让作者感到不同寻常，故选A。 47.考查动词词义辨析。句意:向日葵并不是从我看见它的地方开始生长的。A. passed传递; B. started开始: C. left离开、留下; D. died 死亡。根据后文 “It actually had begun under a big rock"(它实际上是在一块大石头下开始生长的)可知，向日葵凡从一块大石头下面开始生长的，推断出它并不是从作者看到它的地方开始生长的。故选B。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意:它实际上是在一块大石头下开始生长的，他在岩石下面和周围生长是为了获得阳光。A. water 水; B. top 顶端; C. sun 太阳、阳光; D. house房子。根据常识可知，向日葵是朝着太阳生长的，推断出它绕过岩石是为了获得阳光。故选C。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那时我意识到如果一朵小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它的生长,我们也有能力做同样的事情。A. hoped 希望; B. realized意识到; C. doubted怀疑; D. regretted遗憾。根据后文“if a tiny little sunflower didn't let a big rock stand in its way of developing, we too have the ability of doing the same thing."(如果一朵小小的向日葵没有让一块大石头阻碍它的发展，我们也有能力做同样的事情。)可知，这些道理作者从向日葵身上得到感悟，换句话说就是作者从向日葵身上意识到了一个道理。故选B。 50.考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果我们像那朵小向日葵一样坚信自己,我们就可以达到我们的目标得到我们成长所需要的东西。A. fill in充满 B. put in放入 C. worry about担心 D. believe in相信。根据后文"We need to believe in ourselves,"(我们要相信我们自己)可知。此处believe in为原词复现。故选D。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们像那朵小向日葵一样坚信自己，我们就可以到达我们想去的地方并得到我们成长所需要的东西。A. forget忘记: B. hate憎恨; C. aim目标是、旨在; D. wait等待。根据后文*We need to believe in ourselves knowing we have the___12__o achieve our goals"(我们需要相信自己，知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。) 可知，坚信自己就可以让我们实现目标，这里的目标指的是前文提到的目标是到达想去的地方和得到成长的东西，aim to为固定搭配，意为“目标是”符合题意。故选C. 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们需要相信自己,知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。A. wish 希望:B. plan计划: C. ability能力:D. idea想法据后文“Like the sunflower, it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks"(就像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力越过岩石。)可知，作者认为人们要知道自己有能力去实现目标，就像向日葵知道自己有能力绕过岩石一样，ability为原词复现。故选C。 53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力绕过岩石因为它对自己有信心并相信自己会成功。A. faith信心; B. energy能量: C. virtue 美德: D. courage 勇气。根据前文 “it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks"(向日葵知道自己有能力会越过岩石)可知，向日葵对自己充满信心。故选A。 54． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:像向日葵一样昂首挺胸,为我们是谁和我们能达到什么样的高度感到骄傲，那么环境就开始支持我们。A. aware知道的: B. afraid害怕的: C. proud骄傲的; D. tired累的。根据前文 “Stand tall like the sunflower"(像向日葵一样昂首挺胸)可知，向日葵昂首挺胸这是拟人手法，暗示了向日葵为自己的能力感到骄做。故选C。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，为我们是谁和我们能达到什么样的高度感到骄傲，那么环境就开始支持我们。A. forgive原谅: B. support支持: C. upset使不安; D. affect影响。根据前文 “tiny little sunflower didn't let a big rock stand in its way of developing,"(向日葵不会让岩石阻碍它生长的道路)可知，推断出如果我们像向日葵一样了解目标并为自己骄傲，环境也会为我们改变，换句话说环境会支持我们，故选B. 语法填空 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国北方的食物特色。 56.考查固定短语。句意：在这里生活了四年之后，我对中国北方的食物有了更好的理解。短语：have a better understanding of对……有更好的理解。故填understanding。 57. 考查副词。句意：中国北方丰盛的食物通常更容易被西方人接受。修饰形容词acceptable用副词。故填generally。 58. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国北方经历了寒冷干燥的冬天和炎热的夏天，这使得热量和盐的替代变得更加重要。非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示主句一句话所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填making。 59. 考查定语从句。句意：因此，北方菜的味道比较重，而南方菜的味道比较淡。句中先行词为the south，在定语从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 60. 考查名词的数。句意：小麦是中国北方的主要作物，你会发现各种各样的小麦粉制品。product为可数名词，根上文的“a variety of”可知，空处填名词的复数形式。故填products。 61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：饺子在北方很受欢迎，用醋蘸着吃。非谓语动词担当状语，动词serve和主语dumplings之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填served。 62. 考查介词。句意：为了抵御寒冷的天气，北方人倾向于吃更多的肉和奶制品。短语：for the purpose of为了……的目的。故填of。 63. 考查时态和语态。句意：大多数肉类菜肴以羊肉、猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉和鱼为基础。根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语meat dishes为复数，和动词base之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填are based。 64. 考查冠词。句意：由于寒冷的天气，能买到的新鲜蔬菜较少。weather前用定冠词the，表示特指寒冷的天气。故填the。 65. 考查代词。句意：水果传统上仅限于一些季节性较强的品种，如苹果，所以在菜肴中并没有太多的特色，尽管西北地区以果脯和葡萄酒闻名。根据空后的dried fruit and wine可知，空处为形容词性物主代词。故填its。 67. 读后续写解析 文章讲述了一个曾经孤独、成绩不佳的女孩在高中时期的故事。她经历了高考失败和转学，感到沮丧和孤立。在竞争激烈的班级里，她没有朋友，成绩总是垫底，这让她倍感压力。然而，她的英语老师史密斯先生给了她希望和鼓励。他用温暖的笑容和关心的眼神激励她，甚至邀请她到办公室讨论学习问题，让她感到被重视。尽管她在期末考试中仍然排名最后，但史密斯先生的鼓励让她重新振作，开始努力准备下一次考试。文章的结尾暗示了女孩最终取得了成功，但具体细节未提及。整个故事强调了教师对学生的积极影响以及面对困难时不放弃的重要性。 在原文中，有几处伏笔为续写提供了基础： 1. 孤独与失败：文章开头提到女孩孤独、成绩不佳，这为续写中她与史密斯先生的关系发展和最终的成功转变埋下了伏笔。 2. 史密斯先生的关心：史密斯先生的特别关注和鼓励是文章中的一个关键伏笔，预示着他将在女孩的转变中扮演重要角色。 3. 成绩的挣扎：女孩在成绩上的挣扎和对失败的厌恶为续写中她努力学习和最终成功提供了对比和动力 4. 期末考试的期待：女孩对期末考试结果的期待为续写中她的成绩揭晓和情感反应提供了悬念。 在续写中，这些伏笔得到了回应： 1. 孤独与失败的转变：续写中提到女孩在史密斯先生的帮助下重新找到了希望和决心，这回应了她在文章开头的孤独和失败。 2. 史密斯先生的持续支持：续写中史密斯先生邀请女孩到办公室，提供了个性化的帮助和鼓励，这回应了他在文章中的初步关心。 3. 成绩的改善：续写中女孩通过努力和史密斯先生的帮助，最终被大学录取，这回应了她之前在成绩上的挣扎。 4. 期末考试结果的揭晓：续写中女孩收到了大学录取通知书，这是对她之前期末考试期待的回应，也是她情感转变的高潮。 通过这些伏笔和回应，文章构建了一个完整的故事弧线，展示了主角从孤独和失败到最终成功和自我实现的转变。 续写要点 续写要点第一段： 1. 史密斯先生的鼓励：续写中应强调史密斯先生如何通过积极的反馈和个性化指导来鼓励女孩，这与原文中他的温暖微笑和关心的眼神相呼应。 2. 女孩的内心变化：描述女孩如何从史密斯先生的鼓励中获得力量，开始改变自己的学习态度和方法。 3. 制定学习计划：续写中应提到史密斯先生和女孩一起制定的学习计划，以及她如何开始执行这个计划。 4. 女孩的努力：强调女孩在史密斯先生的指导下如何付出额外的努力，包括参加额外的辅导课程和自我学习。 续写要点第二段： 1. 大学录取通知书的到来：续写中应描述女孩收到大学录取通知书的情景，以及她的情感反应。 2. 史密斯先生的反应：描述史密斯先生对女孩成功的喜悦和骄傲，以及他对女孩成就的认可。 3. 女孩的自我实现：强调女孩如何通过自己的努力和史密斯先生的帮助，实现了自我超越，这与原文中她的孤独和失败形成对比。 4. 对未来的展望：续写中可以提到女孩对未来的期待和梦想，以及她如何准备迎接新的挑战。 这两段续写要点将构成一个完整的故事，展示了女孩从困境中崛起，最终实现自己目标的过程。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$