01.Module 2 Experiences 【速记清单】2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练(外研版)

Module2 Experiences 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 Unit 1 1、I'm entering a competition.我在报名参加一个比赛。(教材第10页) （1）enter 此处用作及物动词,意为"(使)报名:(使)参加”,多指参加考试、比赛等。 e.g.More than 2,000 children entered the competition. 超过2000名孩子报名参加了比赛。 【拓展】enter用作动词,还可意为“进人”。 My sister entered the house. 我妹妹进了房子。 【拓展练习】 1)、I will (enter) a speaking competition tomorrow.-Good luck! 2)、Don't cross the line! The sign says “No ”. (enter) 2、And maybe you will win a prize.或许你还会获奖。(教材第10页) (1)辨析:maybe与may be ①maybe 副词,意为“也许;大概”,通常用于句首,也可放在句中。 e.g.Maybe she is angry. 她可能生气了。 ②may be may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,意为“也许是;可能是" e.g.She may be angry. 她可能生气了。 【拓展练习】________ (Maybe / May be) your mother is at Lucy’s home. (2)win (won,won)此处用作及物动词,意为“赢得，获得”。win也可用作不及物动词。 辨析:win与beat ①win 宾语通常是game,match ,"赢得,获得",表示在竞争中取胜prize,race 等词。win后不能接表示某人或某队的单词或短语 e.g.She won the match. 她赢得了这次比赛。 ②beat“击败,战胜",常指在游戏、比赛中打败对手。宾语常是人或某支队伍 e.g.We beat them at chess. 我们下国际象棋击败了他们。 【拓展练习】 The football team played well, but they didn't the competition. A.score B.do C.succeed D.win 3、The first prize is"My dream holiday".一等奖是“我梦寐以求的假日”。(教材第10页) dream 此处用作名词,意为“梦寐以求的”,只用于名词前作定语。 e.g. That's my dream school.那是我梦寐以求的学校。 【拓展】 ① dream 作名词,还可意为“梦;梦想”。 I have a dream.我有一个梦想。 ②dream 作动词,意为“做梦;梦到;梦想”。dream of/about...意为“梦见/梦想……”,后接名词、代词或动名词。 I dreamed of/about flying in the sky. 我梦到在天空中飞行。 【拓展练习】 Without hard work, our （dream ）will not come true. This famous composer dreamed of  (create) a new kind of music without boundaries. 4、Have you ever won any prizes before?你以前曾经得过奖吗?(教材第10页) (1)ever 副词,意为“曾经;从来;在任何时候”,常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中,位于过去分词之前,以加强语气。"Have/Has+主语+ever+过去分词+其他?”句式常用来询问某人是否做过某事。 e.g. Have you ever gone to Beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗? 辨析: before 与ago ①before 副词，意为“以前，过去”，单独使用常用于现在完成时态句子的末尾 e.g.Her father has studied French before.她父亲以前学过法语。 ②ago 副词，意为“以前”，不能单独使用，“一段时间+ago”意为“......以前”,通常用于一般过去时态句子的末尾。 e.g.Her father studied English 3 years ago. 她父亲三年前学习了英语。 【拓展练习】 1）.He came back to his hometown five years 2）.He never goes to bed nine o'clock. 5、But I can't afford it. 但我负担不起。(教材第10页) ①afford及物动词，意为"(有财力)买得起,付得起”。 The car is too expensive. I can't afford it. 这辆车太贵了,我买不起。 ②afford 常与can , could.be able to连用，表示“有能力负担”。 I can't afford to visit Beijing this summer. 今年夏天我没有足够的钱去北京旅游。 ③afford后常跟名词、代词或动词不定式。 【拓展练习】 I can’t afford _____ the expensive house. A．buys B．buying C．to buy D．bought 6、I've stopped trying now.我现在已经不再尝试了。(教材第10页) ①stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。停止的是正在做的事。 e.g.They were very tired, so they stopped working. 他们很累了,所以他们停止工作了。 【拓展】stop to do sh.意为“停下(原先做的事)去做另一件事”。做的是另一件事。 e.g.He felt rather tired, so he stopped to drink a cup of coffee. 他感到很累,于是停下来去喝了杯咖啡。 【拓展练习】 If you feel a little tired, you should stop _______ a short rest. A．have B．to have C．having D．to having 8、You can make it up.你可以编嘛。(教材第10页) make up意为“编写:创作”。make up为“动词+副词”结构,人称代词作宾语时,应放在make与up中间。 e.g.The boy made up a story in forty days. 这个男孩在40天内编写了一个故事。 【拓展】 make up还有“组成,构成”的意思。 The three stories make up a passage. 这三个故事构成了一篇文章。 【拓展练习】 —Tom ________ stories to make his brother laugh. —I think it’s a good method (方法). A．talks to B．shares with C．makes up D．looks up 9、... then I will invite you to come with me.….那么我会邀请你和我一起去旅行。(教材第10页) invite及物动词，意为“邀请”。 ①invite sb. to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事” e.g.They invited their parents to watch the movie together. 他们邀请他们的父母一起看这部电影。 ②invite sb.to+地点...意为“邀请某人去……”。 e.g.I will invite you to my birthday party. 我将邀请你参加我的生日聚会。 【拓展】invitation名词，意为“邀请;邀请函;请帖”常与介词to连用。 Did you get an invitation to the party? 你获邀参加那个聚会了吗? 【拓展练习】 My friends invited me ________ basketball with them. I felt really warm. A．played B．playing C．to play D．plays 10、Her dream was to study at a good university one day.她的梦想是有一天在一所好的大学学习。(教材第11页) (1)动词不定式短语to study at a good university 在句中作表语。动词不定式(短语)作表语时,句子的主语通常是dream, work , job, task , hobby等名词。 e.g. My dream was to be a scientist when I was a child. 当我还是一个孩子时,我的梦想是成为一名科学家。 Her job is to look after the children. 她的工作是照顾这些孩子。 (2)one day 意为“有一天;某一天”。 辨析:one day与 some day one day 可用于过去时或将来时 Some day只能用于将来时 【拓展练习】 last summer they made a trip to the country. 去年夏天的某一天，他们到乡下旅行了。 I hope to see you .我希望有一天会见到你。 Unit 2 1、Mike Robinson is a fifteen-year-old American boy and his sister Clare is fourteen. 迈克·罗宾逊是一个15岁的美国男孩,他的妹妹克莱尔14岁。(教材第12页) fifteen-year-old为复合形容词,意为“15岁的",其结构为“数词+连字符(-)+名词单数+连字符(-)+ 形容词”,另外也有“数词+连字符(-)+单数名词”结构的复合形容词。复合形容词只能放在名词前 作定语,不能作表语。 e.g.We'll have a three-day holiday. 我们将有一个3天的假期。 【拓展练习】 She’s _______ girl. A．an fifteen-years-old B．a fifteen-year-old C．a fifteen-years—old D．an fifteen-year-old 2、At the moment, Mike and Clare are in Cairo in Egypt, one of the biggest and busiest cities in Africa.现在,迈克和克莱尔在埃及开罗--非洲事情的捷径就是最大、最繁华的城市之一。(教材第12页) (1)at the moment意为“此划;目前;眼下”,常用于现在时:at that moment 意为“在那时”,常用于过去时。其中moment为可数名词，意为"瞬间;片刻;某个时间;当时”。 I have nothing to do at this moment,现在我无事可做。 (2)one of the biggest and busiest cities 意为“最大。最繁华的城市之一”,其结构为"one of the+形容词最高级+可数名间复数”,表示“最…一的…之一” Mozart is one of the most famous musicians in the world.莫扎特是世界上最著名的音乐家之一。 [拓展]one of+复数名词或代词,当它作主语时,请语动词用单数。 One of my questions is how to speak English well. 我的一个问题是如何讲好英语。 【拓展练习】 1)We often share happy （moment）with our family members. 2)Green Lake Park is one of the parks in Kunming. (beautiful) 3、and it has sent Peter to work in Germany,France and China before.……之前公司曾派彼得去德国、法国和中国工作过。(教材第12页) ①send ( sent, sent)此处用作及物动词,意为“派遣去;命令……去”。 ②send sb. to do sth.意为“派某人去做某事” e.g. The boss often sends his workers to learn in big cities. 这位老板经常派遣他的工人到大城市去学习。 ③“send sb.to+地点“意为“派某人去某地”。 e.g.Who sent you to the village? 谁派你去那个村子的? 【拓展练习】 1).China _______ (send) up several Shenzhou manned spacecraft into space since 2003. 2).Today is Father’s Day. I am going to send a gift _______ my father. A．to B．for C．from D．with 4、The Robinsons love seeing the world.罗宾逊一家喜欢周游世界。(教材第12页) the Robinsons表示“罗宾逊一家”。“the+姓氏复数”通常表示“…一家”或“……夫妇”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 e.g.The Smiths are having dinner. 史密斯一家正在吃晚饭。 【拓展练习】 1) . _______ like _______ by air. A．Greens, travelling B．The Green, traveling C．The Greens, travel D．The Greens, traveling 4、They have been to many interesting places.他们去过很多有趣的地方。(教材第12页) ①have/has been to 意为“已经去过……”,表示过去曾经去过，但现在不在那儿。 I have been to the Great Wall.我去过长城。 ②have/has been to 后可接次数(如 once, twice,three times等),表示“去过某地几次”,也可与just, never.ever等连用。 He has been to America three times.他去过美国三次了。 【拓展】have/has gone to意为“已经去了某地”,表示现在不在说话处。 My mother has gone to the library . She will come back in ten minutes我妈妈已经去图书馆了,她将在10分钟内回来。 【拓展练习】 1). — Where is Mr. Li? — He ________ England and he ________ London for two weeks. A．has been to, has been to B．has gone to, has been to C．has gone to, has been in D．has been in, has been in 5、This language is different from English in many ways... 这种语言在很多方面与英语不同..(教材第12页) be different from 意为“与……不同”，与the same as(与.相同)意思相反。 e.g.English names are different from Chinese names. 英国人的名字与中国人的名字不同。 Look! My new watch is the same as yours. 瞧!我的新手表和你的一样。 【拓展练习】 1).They ______ (be) from different countries. 2).The plan made by my classmates last week _______ (be) different from mine. 6... and they find it hard to spell and pronounce the words.……他们发现阿拉伯语的拼写和发音都不容易。(教材第12页) “find it+ 形容词+to do sth."意为“发现做某事……”。代词it 在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定 式(短语)，形容词作宾语补足语。 e..g. We find it important to learn English well. 我们发现学好英语很重要。 【拓展】除 find 外,动词make, think , feel等也有此类用法。 Do you think it necessary to drive a car there? 你认为开车去那儿有必要吗? 【拓展练习】 1).We find it difficult ________ (keep) our classroom clean. 2).I find it difficult (remember) all the new words, but I won't give up. 7、So far they have learnt to speak German,French,Chinese and Arabic.到目前为止,他们已学习了说德语、法语、汉语和阿拉伯语。(教材第12页) so far 意为“到目前为止”,指从过去某一时刻开始一直到现在的这一段时间,常用于现在完成时态，多位于句首或句末作时间状语。 So far we've planted more than 2,000 trees. 到目前为止,我们已种了2000多棵树。 【拓展练习】 The 13-year-old artist ________ more than 50 paintings so far. A．has created B．will create C．is creating 8、 They are counting down the days.他们正在倒计时。(教材第12页) (1)count down 意为“倒数;倒计时”。 They are counting down the days to the end of this summer holiday. 他们正在对这个暑假的结束进行倒计时。 (2)count动词,意为“数;清点”。 The little girl can count from one to a hundred in English.这个小女孩能用英语从1数到100。 Please help me count the money. 请帮我清点一下这些钱。 【拓展练习】 They ________ (count) down and preparing for the New Year together now. 9、How long have the Robinsons been in Egypt?罗宾逊一家在埃及待了多长时间?(教材第13页) 辨析:how long, how soon 与how often ①how long 1)“多长时间”,提问时间长度,用for 或since引导的时间状语回答 e.g. How long have you lived here? 你在这儿住了多久了? -Since I was born.我自从出生以来(一直住在这里)。 2)“物体多长”,提问物体长度 e.g. How long is the river?这条河多长? It's about 600 km.大约600千米。 ②how soon“多久以后",多用于将来时，用“in+一段时间”回答 e.g. How soon will they comeback?他们多久以后回来? They'll come back in two week.他们两周之后回来。 ③how often“多久一次",提问动作发生的频率，可用表示频率的词always,usually,every two days 等回答 e.g.How often do you go home?你多久回家一次? Once a week一周一次。 【拓展练习】 - is Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge? - About 55 kilometers long. A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How far 10、Are they looking forward to going home?他们盼望回家吗?(教材第13页) look forward to为动词短语,意为“希望,盼望，注意期望”，其中to为介词,后面常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 The students are looking forward to the English party. 学生们正在盼望着英语聚会。 【拓展练习】 I’m looking forward to the Moon in the future. A．visit B．visited C．visiting D．visits 语法知识 1.现在完成时定义: ①强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 例如: Lily has been to the zoo before.(强调不仅去过动物园，而且了解动物园的状况) ②表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 He has worked here for three years. 2.现在完成时的谓语结构:have/has+动词的过去分词 例如: My classmates have watched the match. 句中的谓语结构为:have watched Lily has visited the UK.句中的谓语结构为:has visited 3.句式结构 (1)肯定句式:主语+have/ has+动词过去分词+其他。 (2)否定句式:主语+have / has+not+动词过去分词+其他。 (3)一般疑问句式:Have/ Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 肯定答语：Yes,主语+have/ has.; 否定答语：No,主语+haven’t/ hasn’t. 4.过去分词的构成 规则动词过去分词的构成规则与规则动词过去式的构成规则相同。 (1)动词一般在词尾加“-ed”。如:work→worked cook→cooked (2)以“e”结尾的动词，词尾直接加“-d”。如:live→lived like→liked (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“-ed”。如: try→tried study→studied (4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”。 如:stop→stopped→stopped plan→planned 【拓展练习】 2.形容词比较级的基本句型 (1) 将两者作某一方面的比较时，基本句型为“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B.”，表示“A 比B更…”。 Tom is older than Jack. 汤姆比杰克大。 (2)进行选择性比较时，可用“Which/Who+be+形容词比较级，A or B?”表示“A和B中，哪一个/谁更……?” Who is taller ， Sally or Sandy? 萨莉和桑迪谁更高? (3)“A+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two.”表示“A是两个…中较……的”。 Sally is the taller of the two girls. 萨莉是这两个女孩中较高的。 【拓展练习】 1．How long _______________ (study) English? A．do; study B．have; studied C．are; studying D．did; study 2．—Who knows the documentary China the Mission (任务) to the Moon? —Everyone in the class. We ________ it several times so far since our geography teacher ________ it. A．watched; introduced B．watch; introduces C．have watched; introduced D．will watch; introduces 3．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making 4．— Have you found your dictionary? —  ______. A．No, you have B．Not yet C．Yes, I do D．Yes, I found 5．— Wow! The room is so tidy. Who ______ the room? — It may be Sally. She is really a good girl. A．cleaned B．has cleaned C．had cleaned D．have cleaned 03 素养提升 第一部分 词汇默写 adv.曾经;从来;在任何时候 v.(使)参加;(使)报名 n.比赛;竞争 n.奖品;奖项 一等奖 n.梦;梦想;[只用于名词前]梦寐以求的 v. 做梦;梦到;梦想 v.(有财力)买得起，付得起 编写;写作 编写，创作 v.邀请 v.搬家;改变……的位置 v.派遣去;命令……去 德国 法国 n.塔 adj.古老的;古代的 n.国王;君王 n.女王;王后 n.阿拉伯语 n.方面:态度 v.相混合;融合 v.惦念;怀念;想念 v.数;清点 倒数;倒计时 第二部分 拓展练习 一、根据句意及汉语提示，正确拼写单词 1．It’s hard for them to (买得起) these expensive cars. 2．We entered a writing (比赛) last week. 3．The tourists have (进入) our village. Let’s welcome them. 4．If you (错过) that train then you’ll have to get a taxi. 5．Chinese (发送；派遣) 365 million parcels during the Spring Festival holiday. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．When Jimmy looked at the old photos, he couldn’t stop (miss) his childhood. 2．I think you shouldn’t sit in the same way for too long without . (move) 3．Don’t trouble him. He (enter) the information into the computer. 4．I invite you (help) with my homework. 5． the young man ever (travel) to England? 三、单项选择 1．The living ________ of half the population in the world are still very difficult. A．conditions B．competition C．pollution 2．According to the rule, children should ________ a nearby school to receive education. A．experience B．excuse C．enter 3．The boy’s parents were so poor that they could not ________ to send him to school. A．offer B．pay C．afford 4．—Tom broke the school ________ for the boys’ 800-meter race in our school sports meet. —That’s great! A．dream B．future C．record 5．—Are you going to Xiamen on National Day, Tony? —I’m afraid that it’s not a good ________. There will be so many people. A．way B．choice C．address 6．— Are all the students from ________ in your class? — No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．Germans; Germany 7．—Are you looking forward to your trip next week? —Of course! I’ve already started ______ the days. A．counting down B．writing down C．looking up 8．The baby girl is sleeping, so her mother ________ her with a coat. A．covers B．leaves C．moves 9．So far we ________ many places of interest in Canada. We are having a wonderful time. A．visited B．visit C．have visited 10．—Have you ______ read this novel before?—Yes. I read it last month. A．never B．ever C．often 四、阅读理解 A Go to Thailand (泰国)—it's a great place to spend your holidays. I spent my last summer vacation in Thailand. It's really a beautiful place to travel to. Thai people are very helpful. They helped me a lot during traveling. I enjoyed outdoor activities like swimming, biking and diving (潜水). All of these were wonderful. I visited many temples (寺庙) and learned about their history. Their history is very old and interesting. It's very different from ours. I shopped at the special (特殊的) market. It's on a river and everyone sells their goods (货物) from their boats. Thai food is delicious, too! I also learned a little Thai boxing (拳击) from their schools. You'll love Thailand, too. 1．When did the writer go to Thailand? A．Last winter. B．Last spring. C．Last summer. 2．How are Thai people? A．They're friendly. B．They're excited. C．They're surprised. 3．The temples' history is________. A．short but interesting B．long and interesting C．old and boring 4．Where did the writer shop? A．In a bus. B．In a bookstore. C．In a boat market. 5．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A．The writer visited many temples but didn't learn their history. B．The writer did a lot of outdoor activities such as swimming and diving. C．The writer also learned some Thai boxing from the schools. B MikeNormally, we don’t refuse something directly. For example, when a waiter asks me whether I need more coffee or food, I would say “No, thanks. I’m good.” Similarly, when my workmate asks me if I want some desserts, I just say “I’m good. Thanks.” TimOn my first day in a Chinese middle school, I asked my Chinese friend where I could find a restroom. To my surprise, he asked me if something was wrong with me and if I needed to see a doctor instead of having a rest. Deng PengAs the final exam was coming last term, many of my American classmates said they would burn (烧) the midnight oil. I was so shocked to hear that because burning things was so dangerous and didn’t help to get good grades. Luckily, my best friend John told me the phrase meant staying up late to study. That phrase reminded me of some people reading by candlelight in the past. 1．Why does Mike say so to his workmate? A．Because he wants to be polite. B．Because his workmate helps him a lot. C．Because he always refuses others directly. 2．What did Tim want to do? A．To have a rest. B．To see a doctor. C．To go to the toilet. 3．What can be your reply to your friend saying “I need to burn the midnight oil these days”? A．All the best for your exam. B．That must be very dangerous. C．Study under the bright light instead of the candlelight. 4．Which is probably TRUE about the people? A．Mike works in a middle school. B．Tim was ill on his first day of middle school. C．Tim and Deng Peng have experiences of studying abroad. 5．What’s the theme of the passages? A．Cultural changes. B．Language expressions. C．Educational differences. 五、补全对话 A:Hello, Alice! Nice to meet you. B:Me, too! How are you? A:Fine. 1 I haven't seen you for a long time.A．What's the weather like there? B．What did you do there? C．Would you like to see them? D．Where did you go? E．How did you get there? F．Did you have a good time? B:Oh, I went to Sydney with my parents. Sydney is the biggest city in Australia. A:That's great. 2 Is it too hot? B:No, it is cold. Because it's winter now. A: 3 B:First by plane, then we went to Sydney by car. A: 4 B:Yes, we had a good time. By the way, I took many photos. 5 A:That's wonderful! Let's go. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module2 Experiences 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 Unit 1 1、I'm entering a competition.我在报名参加一个比赛。(教材第10页) （1）enter 此处用作及物动词,意为"(使)报名:(使)参加”,多指参加考试、比赛等。 e.g.More than 2,000 children entered the competition. 超过2000名孩子报名参加了比赛。 【拓展】enter用作动词,还可意为“进人”。 My sister entered the house. 我妹妹进了房子。 【拓展练习】 1)、I will enter (enter) a speaking competition tomorrow.-Good luck! 2)、Don't cross the line! The sign says “No entering ”. (enter) 2、And maybe you will win a prize.或许你还会获奖。(教材第10页) (1)辨析:maybe与may be ①maybe 副词,意为“也许;大概”,通常用于句首,也可放在句中。 e.g.Maybe she is angry. 她可能生气了。 ②may be may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,意为“也许是;可能是" e.g.She may be angry. 她可能生气了。 【拓展练习】____Maybe_____ (Maybe / May be) your mother is at Lucy’s home. (2)win (won,won)此处用作及物动词,意为“赢得，获得”。win也可用作不及物动词。 辨析:win与beat ①win 宾语通常是game,match ,"赢得,获得",表示在竞争中取胜prize,race 等词。win后不能接表示某人或某队的单词或短语 e.g.She won the match. 她赢得了这次比赛。 ②beat“击败,战胜",常指在游戏、比赛中打败对手。宾语常是人或某支队伍 e.g.We beat them at chess. 我们下国际象棋击败了他们。 【拓展练习】 The football team played well, but they didn't D the competition. A.score B.do C.succeed D.win 3、The first prize is"My dream holiday".一等奖是“我梦寐以求的假日”。(教材第10页) dream 此处用作名词,意为“梦寐以求的”,只用于名词前作定语。 e.g. That's my dream school.那是我梦寐以求的学校。 【拓展】 ① dream 作名词,还可意为“梦;梦想”。 I have a dream.我有一个梦想。 ②dream 作动词,意为“做梦;梦到;梦想”。dream of/about...意为“梦见/梦想……”,后接名词、代词或动名词。 I dreamed of/about flying in the sky. 我梦到在天空中飞行。 【拓展练习】 Without hard work, our dream （dream ）will not come true. This famous composer dreamed of  creating (create) a new kind of music without boundaries. 4、Have you ever won any prizes before?你以前曾经得过奖吗?(教材第10页) (1)ever 副词,意为“曾经;从来;在任何时候”,常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中,位于过去分词之前,以加强语气。"Have/Has+主语+ever+过去分词+其他?”句式常用来询问某人是否做过某事。 e.g. Have you ever gone to Beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗? 辨析: before 与ago ①before 副词，意为“以前，过去”，单独使用常用于现在完成时态句子的末尾 e.g.Her father has studied French before.她父亲以前学过法语。 ②ago 副词，意为“以前”，不能单独使用，“一段时间+ago”意为“......以前”,通常用于一般过去时态句子的末尾。 e.g.Her father studied English 3 years ago. 她父亲三年前学习了英语。 【拓展练习】 1）.He came back to his hometown five years ago 2）.He never goes to bed before nine o'clock. 5、But I can't afford it. 但我负担不起。(教材第10页) ①afford及物动词，意为"(有财力)买得起,付得起”。 The car is too expensive. I can't afford it. 这辆车太贵了,我买不起。 ②afford 常与can , could.be able to连用，表示“有能力负担”。 I can't afford to visit Beijing this summer. 今年夏天我没有足够的钱去北京旅游。 ③afford后常跟名词、代词或动词不定式。 【拓展练习】 I can’t afford ___C_____ the expensive house. A．buys B．buying C．to buy D．bought 6、I've stopped trying now.我现在已经不再尝试了。(教材第10页) ①stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。停止的是正在做的事。 e.g.They were very tired, so they stopped working. 他们很累了,所以他们停止工作了。 【拓展】stop to do sh.意为“停下(原先做的事)去做另一件事”。做的是另一件事。 e.g.He felt rather tired, so he stopped to drink a cup of coffee. 他感到很累,于是停下来去喝了杯咖啡。 【拓展练习】 If you feel a little tired, you should stop ___C_____ a short rest. A．have B．to have C．having D．to having 8、You can make it up.你可以编嘛。(教材第10页) make up意为“编写:创作”。make up为“动词+副词”结构,人称代词作宾语时,应放在make与up中间。 e.g.The boy made up a story in forty days. 这个男孩在40天内编写了一个故事。 【拓展】 make up还有“组成,构成”的意思。 The three stories make up a passage. 这三个故事构成了一篇文章。 【拓展练习】 —Tom ____C____ stories to make his brother laugh. —I think it’s a good method (方法). A．talks to B．shares with C．makes up D．looks up 9、... then I will invite you to come with me.….那么我会邀请你和我一起去旅行。(教材第10页) invite及物动词，意为“邀请”。 ①invite sb. to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事” e.g.They invited their parents to watch the movie together. 他们邀请他们的父母一起看这部电影。 ②invite sb.to+地点...意为“邀请某人去……”。 e.g.I will invite you to my birthday party. 我将邀请你参加我的生日聚会。 【拓展】invitation名词，意为“邀请;邀请函;请帖”常与介词to连用。 Did you get an invitation to the party? 你获邀参加那个聚会了吗? 【拓展练习】 My friends invited me ___C_____ basketball with them. I felt really warm. A．played B．playing C．to play D．plays 10、Her dream was to study at a good university one day.她的梦想是有一天在一所好的大学学习。(教材第11页) (1)动词不定式短语to study at a good university 在句中作表语。动词不定式(短语)作表语时,句子的主语通常是dream, work , job, task , hobby等名词。 e.g. My dream was to be a scientist when I was a child. 当我还是一个孩子时,我的梦想是成为一名科学家。 Her job is to look after the children. 她的工作是照顾这些孩子。 (2)one day 意为“有一天;某一天”。 辨析:one day与 some day one day 可用于过去时或将来时 Some day只能用于将来时 【拓展练习】 One day last summer they made a trip to the country. 去年夏天的某一天，他们到乡下旅行了。 I hope to see you one day.我希望有一天会见到你。 Unit 2 1、Mike Robinson is a fifteen-year-old American boy and his sister Clare is fourteen. 迈克·罗宾逊是一个15岁的美国男孩,他的妹妹克莱尔14岁。(教材第12页) fifteen-year-old为复合形容词,意为“15岁的",其结构为“数词+连字符(-)+名词单数+连字符(-)+ 形容词”,另外也有“数词+连字符(-)+单数名词”结构的复合形容词。复合形容词只能放在名词前 作定语,不能作表语。 e.g.We'll have a three-day holiday. 我们将有一个3天的假期。 【拓展练习】 She’s ____B____ girl. A．an fifteen-years-old B．a fifteen-year-old C．a fifteen-years—old D．an fifteen-year-old 2、At the moment, Mike and Clare are in Cairo in Egypt, one of the biggest and busiest cities in Africa.现在,迈克和克莱尔在埃及开罗--非洲事情的捷径就是最大、最繁华的城市之一。(教材第12页) (1)at the moment意为“此划;目前;眼下”,常用于现在时:at that moment 意为“在那时”,常用于过去时。其中moment为可数名词，意为"瞬间;片刻;某个时间;当时”。 I have nothing to do at this moment,现在我无事可做。 (2)one of the biggest and busiest cities 意为“最大。最繁华的城市之一”,其结构为"one of the+形容词最高级+可数名间复数”,表示“最…一的…之一” Mozart is one of the most famous musicians in the world.莫扎特是世界上最著名的音乐家之一。 [拓展]one of+复数名词或代词,当它作主语时,请语动词用单数。 One of my questions is how to speak English well. 我的一个问题是如何讲好英语。 【拓展练习】 1)We often share happy moments （moment）with our family members. 2)Green Lake Park is one of the most beautiful parks in Kunming. (beautiful) 3、and it has sent Peter to work in Germany,France and China before.……之前公司曾派彼得去德国、法国和中国工作过。(教材第12页) ①send ( sent, sent)此处用作及物动词,意为“派遣去;命令……去”。 ②send sb. to do sth.意为“派某人去做某事” e.g. The boss often sends his workers to learn in big cities. 这位老板经常派遣他的工人到大城市去学习。 ③“send sb.to+地点“意为“派某人去某地”。 e.g.Who sent you to the village? 谁派你去那个村子的? 【拓展练习】 1).China ___sent_____ (send) up several Shenzhou manned spacecraft into space since 2003. 2).Today is Father’s Day. I am going to send a gift ____A____ my father. A．to B．for C．from D．with 4、The Robinsons love seeing the world.罗宾逊一家喜欢周游世界。(教材第12页) the Robinsons表示“罗宾逊一家”。“the+姓氏复数”通常表示“…一家”或“……夫妇”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 e.g.The Smiths are having dinner. 史密斯一家正在吃晚饭。 【拓展练习】 1) . ___D____ like _______ by air. A．Greens, travelling B．The Green, traveling C．The Greens, travel D．The Greens, traveling 4、They have been to many interesting places.他们去过很多有趣的地方。(教材第12页) ①have/has been to 意为“已经去过……”,表示过去曾经去过，但现在不在那儿。 I have been to the Great Wall.我去过长城。 ②have/has been to 后可接次数(如 once, twice,three times等),表示“去过某地几次”,也可与just, never.ever等连用。 He has been to America three times. 他去过美国三次了。 【拓展】have/has gone to意为“已经去了某地”,表示现在不在说话处。 My mother has gone to the library . She will come back in ten minutes我妈妈已经去图书馆了,她将在10分钟内回来。 【拓展练习】 1). — Where is Mr. Li? — He _____C___ England and he ________ London for two weeks. A．has been to, has been to B．has gone to, has been to C．has gone to, has been in D．has been in, has been in 5、This language is different from English in many ways... 这种语言在很多方面与英语不同..(教材第12页) be different from 意为“与……不同”，与the same as(与.相同)意思相反。 e.g.English names are different from Chinese names. 英国人的名字与中国人的名字不同。 Look! My new watch is the same as yours. 瞧!我的新手表和你的一样。 【拓展练习】 1).They ____are____ (be) from different countries. 2).The plan made by my classmates last week ____is____ (be) different from mine. 6... and they find it hard to spell and pronounce the words.……他们发现阿拉伯语的拼写和发音都不容易。(教材第12页) “find it+ 形容词+to do sth."意为“发现做某事……”。代词it 在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定 式(短语)，形容词作宾语补足语。 e..g. We find it important to learn English well. 我们发现学好英语很重要。 【拓展】除 find 外,动词make, think , feel等也有此类用法。 Do you think it necessary to drive a car there? 你认为开车去那儿有必要吗? 【拓展练习】 1).We find it difficult ____to keep____ (keep) our classroom clean. 2).I find it difficult to remember (remember) all the new words, but I won't give up. 7、So far they have learnt to speak German,French,Chinese and Arabic.到目前为止,他们已学习了说德语、法语、汉语和阿拉伯语。(教材第12页) so far 意为“到目前为止”,指从过去某一时刻开始一直到现在的这一段时间,常用于现在完成时态，多位于句首或句末作时间状语。 So far we've planted more than 2,000 trees. 到目前为止,我们已种了2000多棵树。 【拓展练习】 The 13-year-old artist ____A____ more than 50 paintings so far. A．has created B．will create C．is creating 8、 They are counting down the days.他们正在倒计时。(教材第12页) (1)count down 意为“倒数;倒计时”。 They are counting down the days to the end of this summer holiday. 他们正在对这个暑假的结束进行倒计时。 (2)count动词,意为“数;清点”。 The little girl can count from one to a hundred in English.这个小女孩能用英语从1数到100。 Please help me count the money. 请帮我清点一下这些钱。 【拓展练习】 They counting____ (count) down and preparing for the New Year together now. 9、How long have the Robinsons been in Egypt?罗宾逊一家在埃及待了多长时间?(教材第13页) 辨析:how long, how soon 与how often ①how long 1)“多长时间”,提问时间长度,用for 或since引导的时间状语回答 e.g. How long have you lived here? 你在这儿住了多久了? -Since I was born.我自从出生以来(一直住在这里)。 How long is the river? 2)“物体多长”,提问物体长度 e.g. It's about 600 km.这条河多长? 大约600千米。 ②how soon“多久以后",多用于将来时，用“in+一段时间”回答 e.g. How soon will they comeback?他们多久以后回来? They'll come back in two week.他们两周之后回来。 ③how often“多久一次",提问动作发生的频率，可用表示频率的词always,usually,every two days 等回答 e.g.How often do you go home?你多久回家一次? Once a week一周一次。 【拓展练习】 - B is Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge? - About 55 kilometers long. A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How far 10、Are they looking forward to going home?他们盼望回家吗?(教材第13页) look forward to为动词短语,意为“希望,盼望，注意期望”，其中to为介词,后面常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 The students are looking forward to the English party. 学生们正在盼望着英语聚会。 【拓展练习】 I’m looking forward to C the Moon in the future. A．visit B．visited C．visiting D．visits 语法知识 1.现在完成时定义: ①强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 例如: Lily has been to the zoo before.(强调不仅去过动物园，而且了解动物园的状况) ②表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 He has worked here for three years. 2.现在完成时的谓语结构:have/has+动词的过去分词 例如: My classmates have watched the match. 句中的谓语结构为:have watched Lily has visited the UK.句中的谓语结构为:has visited 3.句式结构 (1)肯定句式:主语+have/ has+动词过去分词+其他。 (2)否定句式:主语+have / has+not+动词过去分词+其他。 (3)一般疑问句式:Have/ Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 肯定答语：Yes,主语+have/ has.; 否定答语：No,主语+haven’t/ hasn’t. 4.过去分词的构成 规则动词过去分词的构成规则与规则动词过去式的构成规则相同。 (1)动词一般在词尾加“-ed”。如:work→worked cook→cooked (2)以“e”结尾的动词，词尾直接加“-d”。如:live→lived like→liked (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“-ed”。如: try→tried study→studied (4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”。 如:stop→stopped→stopped plan→planned 【拓展练习】 2.形容词比较级的基本句型 (1) 将两者作某一方面的比较时，基本句型为“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B.”，表示“A 比B更…”。 Tom is older than Jack. 汤姆比杰克大。 (2)进行选择性比较时，可用“Which/Who+be+形容词比较级，A or B?”表示“A和B中，哪一个/谁更……?” Who is taller ， Sally or Sandy? 萨莉和桑迪谁更高? (3)“A+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthe two.”表示“A是两个…中较……的”。 Sally is the taller of the two girls. 萨莉是这两个女孩中较高的。 【拓展练习】 1．How long ________ you ________ (study) English? A．do; study B．have; studied C．are; studying D．did; study 2．—Who knows the documentary China the Mission (任务) to the Moon? —Everyone in the class. We ________ it several times so far since our geography teacher ________ it. A．watched; introduced B．watch; introduces C．have watched; introduced D．will watch; introduces 3．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making 4．— Have you found your dictionary? —  ______. A．No, you have B．Not yet C．Yes, I do D．Yes, I found 5．— Wow! The room is so tidy. Who ______ the room? — It may be Sally. She is really a good girl. A．cleaned B．has cleaned C．had cleaned D．have cleaned 参考答案： 1．B 【详解】句意：你学英语多久了？ 考查现在完成时。根据句意可知，本句时态可用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，故选B。 2．C 【详解】句意：——谁知道纪录片《中国探月任务》？——班上每个人都知道。自从我们地理老师介绍后，到目前为止，我们已经看了好几次了。 考查现在完成时。根据“since”可知，此句应该用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是“we”，所以用“have watched”；根据“since”引导的时间状语从句应该用一般过去时，可知第二空应该用“introduce”的过去式“introduced”。故选C。 3．C 【详解】句意：近年来，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。 考查时态。根据“In the last few years”可知，应该与现在完成时连用，结构为have/has done，主语China为单数，应用has made。故选C。 4．B 【详解】句意：——你找到你的字典了吗？——还没有。 No, you have.不，你有； Not yet=have not……yet.还没有；Yes, I do.是的，我是；Yes, I found.是的，我找到了。根据Have you done sth？“你已经做了某事吗？”肯定回答为，Yes, I have. 否定回答问No, I haven’t。故选B。 5．B 【详解】句意：“哇！房间这么干净。谁打扫了这个房间？”“也许是萨莉。她确定是个好姑娘。” cleaned是一般过去时，had cleaned是过去完成时，has cleaned是现在完成时的第三人称单数形式，have cleaned是现在完成时的复数形式。根据The room is so tidy.可知“房间现在这么干净”，谓语强调对现在的影响，因此要用现在完成时。主语who是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数，故答案为B。 03 素养提升 第一部分 词汇默写 ever adv.曾经;从来;在任何时候 enter v.(使)参加;(使)报名 competition n.比赛;竞争 prize n.奖品;奖项 first prize 一等奖 dream n.梦;梦想;[只用于名词前]梦寐以求的v. 做梦;梦到;梦想 afford v.(有财力)买得起，付得起 write about 编写;写作 make up 编写，创作 invite v.邀请 move v.搬家;改变……的位置 send v.派遣去;命令……去 Germany 德国 France 法国 tower n.塔 ancient adj.古老的;古代的 king n.国王;君王 queen n.女王;王后 Arabic n.阿拉伯语 way n.方面:态度 mix v.相混合;融合 miss v.惦念;怀念;想念 count v.数;清点 count down 倒数;倒计时 第二部分 拓展练习 一、根据句意及汉语提示，正确拼写单词 1．It’s hard for them to (买得起) these expensive cars. 2．We entered a writing (比赛) last week. 3．The tourists have (进入) our village. Let’s welcome them. 4．If you (错过) that train then you’ll have to get a taxi. 5．Chinese (发送；派遣) 365 million parcels during the Spring Festival holiday. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．When Jimmy looked at the old photos, he couldn’t stop (miss) his childhood. 2．I think you shouldn’t sit in the same way for too long without . (move) 3．Don’t trouble him. He (enter) the information into the computer. 4．I invite you (help) with my homework. 5． the young man ever (travel) to England? 三、单项选择 1．The living ________ of half the population in the world are still very difficult. A．conditions B．competition C．pollution 2．According to the rule, children should ________ a nearby school to receive education. A．experience B．excuse C．enter 3．The boy’s parents were so poor that they could not ________ to send him to school. A．offer B．pay C．afford 4．—Tom broke the school ________ for the boys’ 800-meter race in our school sports meet. —That’s great! A．dream B．future C．record 5．—Are you going to Xiamen on National Day, Tony? —I’m afraid that it’s not a good ________. There will be so many people. A．way B．choice C．address 6．— Are all the students from ________ in your class? — No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．Germans; Germany 7．—Are you looking forward to your trip next week? —Of course! I’ve already started ______ the days. A．counting down B．writing down C．looking up 8．The baby girl is sleeping, so her mother ________ her with a coat. A．covers B．leaves C．moves 9．So far we ________ many places of interest in Canada. We are having a wonderful time. A．visited B．visit C．have visited 10．—Have you ______ read this novel before? —Yes. I read it last month. A．never B．ever C．often 四、阅读理解 Go to Thailand (泰国)—it's a great place to spend your holidays. I spent my last summer vacation in Thailand. It's really a beautiful place to travel to. Thai people are very helpful. They helped me a lot during traveling. I enjoyed outdoor activities like swimming, biking and diving (潜水). All of these were wonderful. I visited many temples (寺庙) and learned about their history. Their history is very old and interesting. It's very different from ours. I shopped at the special (特殊的) market. It's on a river and everyone sells their goods (货物) from their boats. Thai food is delicious, too! I also learned a little Thai boxing (拳击) from their schools. You'll love Thailand, too. 1．When did the writer go to Thailand? A．Last winter. B．Last spring. C．Last summer. 2．How are Thai people? A．They're friendly. B．They're excited. C．They're surprised. 3．The temples' history is________. A．short but interesting B．long and interesting C．old and boring 4．Where did the writer shop? A．In a bus. B．In a bookstore. C．In a boat market. 5．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A．The writer visited many temples but didn't learn their history. B．The writer did a lot of outdoor activities such as swimming and diving. C．The writer also learned some Thai boxing from the schools. MikeNormally, we don’t refuse something directly. For example, when a waiter asks me whether I need more coffee or food, I would say “No, thanks. I’m good.” Similarly, when my workmate asks me if I want some desserts, I just say “I’m good. Thanks.” TimOn my first day in a Chinese middle school, I asked my Chinese friend where I could find a restroom. To my surprise, he asked me if something was wrong with me and if I needed to see a doctor instead of having a rest. Deng PengAs the final exam was coming last term, many of my American classmates said they would burn (烧) the midnight oil. I was so shocked to hear that because burning things was so dangerous and didn’t help to get good grades. Luckily, my best friend John told me the phrase meant staying up late to study. That phrase reminded me of some people reading by candlelight in the past. 1．Why does Mike say so to his workmate? A．Because he wants to be polite. B．Because his workmate helps him a lot. C．Because he always refuses others directly. 2．What did Tim want to do? A．To have a rest. B．To see a doctor. C．To go to the toilet. 3．What can be your reply to your friend saying “I need to burn the midnight oil these days”? A．All the best for your exam. B．That must be very dangerous. C．Study under the bright light instead of the candlelight. 4．Which is probably TRUE about the people? A．Mike works in a middle school. B．Tim was ill on his first day of middle school. C．Tim and Deng Peng have experiences of studying abroad. 5．What’s the theme of the passages? A．Cultural changes. B．Language expressions. C．Educational differences. 五、补全对话 A:Hello, Alice! Nice to meet you. B:Me, too! How are you? A:Fine. 1 I haven't seen you for a long time.A．What's the weather like there? B．What did you do there? C．Would you like to see them? D．Where did you go? E．How did you get there? F．Did you have a good time? B:Oh, I went to Sydney with my parents. Sydney is the biggest city in Australia. A:That's great. 2 Is it too hot? B:No, it is cold. Because it's winter now. A: 3 B:First by plane, then we went to Sydney by car. A: 4 B:Yes, we had a good time. By the way, I took many photos. 5 A:That's wonderful! Let's go. 参考答案： 一、 1．afford 【详解】句意：他们很难买得起这些昂贵的汽车。afford“买得起”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填afford。 2．competition 【详解】句意：我们上周参加了一个写作比赛。根据汉语提示可知，“比赛”对应的英文为competition，此处为可数名词，冠词a后跟名词单数。故填competition。 3．entered 【详解】句意：游客们已经进入了我们的村庄。让我们欢迎他们。enter“进入”，动词；由have判断时态为现在完成时，结构为have done，故此处动词应用过去分词。故填entered。 4．miss 【详解】句意：如果你错过那趟火车，那你就得打车了。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。“错过”用“miss”，主语是“you”，所以此处用动词原形miss。故填miss。 5．send/sent 【详解】句意：在春节期间，中国人发送了3.65亿个包裹。send“发送，派遣”，动词；此处时态可用一般现在时，用于介绍一般事实，主语Chinese为复数，动词使用原形；也可使用一般过去时，介绍过去发生的事情，此时动词使用过去式。故填send/sent。 二、 1．missing 【详解】句意：当吉米看着这些老照片时，他无法停止怀念他的童年。couldn’t stop doing sth“忍不住做某事”，此空应填动名词，故填missing。 2．moving 【详解】句意：我认为你不应该久坐不动。without是介词，意为“没有”，介词后的动词要用动名词（-ing）形式。故填moving。 3．is entering 【详解】句意：别麻烦他。他正在把信息输入电脑。根据“Don’t trouble him. He…the information into the computer.”及提示词可知，句子为现在进行时，结构为am/is/are+doing，句子主语为he，助动词应选择is。故填is entering。 4．to help 【详解】句意：我邀请你帮忙我的家庭作业。表达“邀请某人做某事”用动词短语“invite sb. to do”，表达“帮忙”用动词不定式“to help”作宾补。故填to help。 5． Has travelled 【详解】句意：这个年轻人曾经去过英国吗？travel“去……（旅行）”，根据“ever”可知，此处用现在完成时，主语the young man是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填Has；travelled。 三、 1．A 【详解】句意：世界上有一半人仍然生活条件十分艰辛。 考查名词辨析。conditions条件；competition竞争；pollution污染。根据“The living…of half the population in the world are still very difficult”可知，此处指人们生活条件很困难，living conditions“生活条件”，固定搭配。故选A。 2．C 【详解】句意：根据规定，孩子们应该就近入学接受教育。 考查名词辨析。experience经历；excuse原谅；enter进入。根据“a nearby school”可知，此处表示进入学校，接受教育。故选C。 3．C 【详解】句意：这个男孩的父母很穷，没有钱供他上学。 考查动词辨析。offer提供；pay付款；afford付得起。根据“The boy’s parents were so poor”可知，因为家庭很穷，所以负担不起上学的费用。故选C。 4．C 【详解】句意：——汤姆在我们学校的运动会上打破了男子800米赛跑的学校记录。——太好了！ 考查名词辨析。dream梦想；future未来；record记录。根据“Tom broke the school...for the boys’ 800-meter race in our school sports meet.”可知，是打破记录，故选C。 5．B 【详解】句意：——Tony，国庆节你打算去厦门吗？——恐怕这不是一个好的选择。那里会有那么多人。 考查名词辨析。way方法，道路；choice选择；address地址。根据“There will be so many people.”可知，国庆节去厦门不是一个好的选择，因为人太多了。故选B。 6．B 【详解】句意：——你班上所有的学生都来自德国吗？——不，我们班只有三个德国人。其他人来自别的国家。 考查名词辨析及名词的复数变化。Germany德国；German德国人；Germans德国人（复数）。第一个空前有介词from，表示学生们来自哪个国家，用Germany德国；第二空前有基数词three，表示三个德国人，用German德国人，其复数形式是Germans。所以选B。 7．A 【详解】句意：——你期待下周的旅行吗？——当然！我已经开始倒计时了。 考查动词短语辨析。counting down倒计时；writing down写下；looking up抬头。根据“Are you looking forward to your trip next week?”和“Of course!”可知，期待下周的旅行，已经开始倒计时了，counting down符合语境。故选A。 8．A 【详解】句意：女婴正在睡觉，所以她妈妈给她盖了一件外套。 考查动词辨析。cover遮盖；leave离开；move移动。根据“...her with a coat.”可知妈妈给女婴盖了一件外套。故选A。 9．C 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们已经参观了加拿大的许多名胜古迹。我们玩得很开心。 考查现在完成时。根据“So far”可知，此处应使用现在完成时表示时间的延续，故选C。 10．B 【详解】句意：——你以前读过这本小说吗？——读过，我上个月读过它。 考查副词辨析。never从不，ever曾经，often经常。根据“Yes. I read it last month.”可知，此处询问是否曾经读过它，问句是现在完成时，是一般疑问句，故用副词ever。故选B。 四、 A 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者游览泰国的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“I spent my last summer vacation in Thailand.”可知，作者去年夏天去了泰国。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Thai people are very helpful.”可知，泰国人是乐于助人的，即友好的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Their history is very old and interesting.”可知，泰国的寺庙既古老又有趣。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“I shopped at the special market. It's on a river and everyone sells their goods from their boats.”可知，作者在船市购物。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“I visited many temples and learned about their history.”可知，作者参观了泰国的寺庙，并了解了它们的历史。故选A。 B 【导语】本文主要展示了三位同学的经历来体现语言表达（如拒绝方式、习语理解）的不同。 1．细节理解题。根据“Normally, we don’t refuse something directly.”可知，Mike说这些话是为了更礼貌的拒绝，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“On my first day in a Chinese middle school, I asked my Chinese friend where I could find a restroom. To my surprise, he asked me if something was wrong with me and if I needed to see a doctor instead of having a rest.”结合常识可知，restroom在美式英语中意为“洗手间”，因此Tim应该是想去洗手间，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Luckily, my best friend John told me the phrase meant staying up late to study.”可知，“I need to burn the midnight oil these days”意为“这些天我需要熬夜学习”，因此你应该回应“祝你考试顺利。”故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据Tim和Deng Peng的经历可推断，他们当时在非母语环境下的学习与误解，因此他们有留学经历。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。文中展示了不同人物对于不同语言表达（如拒绝方式、习语理解）所产生的误解，因此主题是语言表达，故选B。 五、 【解析】本文是A、B两个人的对话。A得知B去悉尼旅行，询问了她一些旅行的细节，最后二人一块去看B拍摄的旅行照片。 1．根据B的回答“I went to Sydney with my parents.”可知，A询问B去了哪里。选项D“你去了哪里？”符合情景，故选D。 2．根据B的回答“No, it is cold. Because it's winter now.”可知，A询问B那儿的天气情况。选项A“那的天气怎么样？”符合情景，故选A。 3．根据B的回答“First by plane, then we went to Sydney by car.”可知，A询问的是怎么去的悉尼。选项E“你们怎么去那儿的？”，符合情景，故选 E。 4．根据B的回答“Yes, we had a good time.”可知，A询问B是否玩得开心。选项F“你们玩得开心吗”，符合情景，故选F。 5．根据“I took many photos.”和“That's wonderful! Let's go.”可知，B询问A是否要去看旅行时拍的照片。选项C“你想要看它们吗？”符合情景，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$