高三英语开学摸底考（北京专用）-2024-2025学年高中下学期开学摸底考试卷

2025届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 2、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was my first day of high school, and it was my first day of school in a new city. There was only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A good image is everything, so it was important for me to 1 the people who I would spend the next four years with. For the first time in my life, I thought about how convenient it would be to wear the school uniform. After carefully selecting, I emerged proudly in a patterned dress. An hour later, I felt 2 as I stepped off the bus and headed toward room 1136. But as I turned the corner into my first class, my jaw dropped to the floor. Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, 3 the exact same dress as I. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant introductions in front of the whole class, and soon enough it was my 4 . I made it through my minute speech, until Mrs. Hutfilz stood up, jokingly adding that she liked my 5 . Although this was the moment I had been worrying from the moment I walked in, all the 6 that had increased surprisingly melted away; the students who had previously been staring at their phones 7 their heads as I shared my story. My smile grew as I laughed with my peers, ending my speech with “And I am very stylish, much like my first period 8 .” After class, I stayed behind and talked to Mrs. Hutfilz, sharing my previous worry about coming into a new school and city. I was 9 to make a humorous and genuine connection with my first teacher, one that would continue for the rest of the year. While my first period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would, it certainly made the day 10 in the best way, and taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesome sense of style! 1．A．impress B．surprise C．please D．encourage 2．A．shy B．lucky C．free D．powerful 3．A．preparing B．wearing C．hiding D．designing 4．A．turn B．chance C．reward D．solution 5．A．writing B．style C．speech D．voice 6．A．happiness B．confidence C．boredom D．anxiety 7．A．nodded B．buried C．raised D．touched 8．A．neighbor B．peer C．teacher D．friend 9．A．relieved B．nervous C．patient D．embarrassed 10．A．unpredictable B．unforgettable C．unbearable D．unchangeable 【参考答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学的第一天和老师穿了一样的衣服，在作者感到尴尬时，老师用幽默的话语缓解了尴尬，给作者留下了难忘的记忆。 【详情解析】 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好的形象就是一切，所以对我来说，给那些和我一起度过接下来四年的人留下深刻印象是很重要的。A. impress使印象深刻；B. surprise使惊讶；C. please使快乐；D. encourage鼓励。根据上文“A good image is everything”可知，作者想留下深刻印象。故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，当我下了车，朝1136房间走去时，我感到很有力量。A. shy害羞的；B. lucky幸运的；C. free自由的； D. powerful有力量的。根据上文“After carefully selecting, I emerged proudly in a patterned dress.”可知，作者感到很有力量。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在她桌前的是我的英语老师胡菲尔兹夫人，她穿着和我一模一样的衣服。A. preparing准备；B. wearing穿；C. hiding 躲藏；D. designing设计。根据上文“what to wear”以及下文“the exact same dress as”可知，作者和老师穿着一样的衣服。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我低着头，踮着脚尖走到座位上，但第一天的课程意味着要在全班同学面前做自我介绍，很快就轮到我了。A. turn转动，轮流；B. chance机会；C. reward回报；    D. solution解决措施。根据下文“I made it through my minute speech”可知，轮到作者自我介绍了。故选A项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了一分钟的演讲，直到哈菲尔茨夫人站起来，开玩笑地补充说她喜欢我的风格。A. writing写作；B. style风格；C. speech演讲； D. voice声音。作者和老师穿着同样一款衣服，所以老师开玩笑地说很喜欢作者的风格。故选B项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然从我走进来的那一刻起，我就一直在担心，但所有增加的焦虑都令人惊讶地消失了。A. happiness幸福；B. confidence自信；C. boredom厌倦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“worrying”可知，作者的焦虑增加了。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我分享我的故事时，之前一直盯着手机的学生都抬起了头。A. nodded点头；B. buried埋葬；C. raised提高； D. touched触摸。根据上文“the students who had previously been staring at their phones”可知，盯着手机看的同学在作者分享故事时抬起了头。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和同学们一起大笑时，我的笑容越来越灿烂，最后以“而且我很时尚，很像我的第一节课的老师”结束了我的演讲。A. neighbor邻居；B. peer同辈人；C. teacher教师；D. friend朋友。根据上文“Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher”可知，这里指的是老师。故选C项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我的第一位老师建立了一种幽默而真诚的联系，这让我松了一口气，这种联系在那一年剩下的时间里一直持续着。A. relieved 放心的；B. nervous紧张的；C. patient耐心的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“make a humorous and genuine connection with my first teacher”可知，作者和作者的第一位老师建立了一种幽默而真诚的联系，这让作者松了一口气，不那么焦虑了。故选A项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的第一段高中生活可能并不完全像我想象的那样，但它确实以最好的方式让这一天难忘，并让我知道哈菲尔兹夫人有一种令人敬畏的时尚感!。A. unpredictable不可预测的；B. unforgettable难以忘记的；C. unbearable不可忍受的；D. unchangeable不变化的。根据上文可知，作者和老师穿着同样一款衣服，且老师很有幽默感以及下文“taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesome sense of style!”可知，这一天很难忘。故选B项。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当 的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指 定区域作答。 A The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 11 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 12 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 13 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. 【参考答案】11．attached 12．represents 13．is preferred 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马面裙的历史以及受欢迎的情况。 【详情解析】 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，它有两个嵌板连接在一条腰带上，它们在身体前面重叠形成一个“裙门”，就像古代城墙上的马面防御一样。此处attach与panels构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填attached。 12．考查时态。句意：它主要代表了一种中国哲学观念，即和谐的力量和温柔。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式。故填represents。 13．考查时态语态。句意：它受到传统服装爱好者的青睐，他们一直在继续发展它。主语It与谓语构成被动关系，根据语境可知陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is preferred。 B Research suggests a connection between deforestation, 14 (result) in poorer air quality, and increased rates of depression and anxiety. It has been revealed that countries with more forested land tend to see 15 (few) cases of mental health disorders. In the 1980s, “forest bathing” was introduced as a therapeutic practice centered around trees to enhance the psychological benefits of outdoor experiences. Up till now, this practice 16 (use) for treating patients. 【参考答案】14．resulting 15．fewer 16．has been used 【语篇解读】本文的体裁为说明文。文章解释了森林砍伐与空气质量、心理健康之间的联系，并介绍了一种基于此的治疗方法（森林浴）。 【详情解析】 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究指出，森林砍伐导致空气质量变差，并且抑郁症和焦虑症的发病率上升。本句谓语为suggests，此处为非谓语动词，本空用result“导致”的现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填resulting。 15．考查形容词比较级。句意：据透露，森林覆盖率较高的国家，精神健康障碍的案例较少。结合句意和more forested land可知，本空用few的比较级fewer“更少的”，修饰名词cases“案例”，作定语。故填fewer。 16．考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这种实践已经被用于治疗病人。根据Up till now可知，use“使用”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，且this practice与use为被动关系，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been used。 C In America, people use both “fall” and “autumn” to describe the 17 (three) season of the year. According to Dictionary. com, these two words were first documented within a few 18 (century). The period between summer and winter was called “harvest” 19 old English. This word has Germanic origins highlighting the act of gathering and preserving crops before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers 20 (begin) referring to the season between cold and warm months as the “fall of the leaf” which later shortened to “fall”. 【参考答案】17．third 18．centuries 19．in 20．began 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了两个词“fall”和“autumn”的相关信息。 【详情解析】 17．考查数词。句意：在美国，人们用“fall”和“autumn”来形容一年中的第三个季节。the+序数词，表示第几。本句表示第三。故填third。 18．考查名词。句意：这两个词在几个世纪内首次被记录下来。a few修饰名词复数。故填centuries。 19．考查介词。句意：夏季和冬季之间的时期在古英语中被称为“harvest”。在古英语中用介词in。 故填in。 20．考查时态。句意：16世纪，说英语的人开始把寒冷和温暖月份之间的季节称为“落叶”，后来缩写为“fall”。 根据“In the 1500s”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填began。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分) 第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities for 2024 that provide a rewarding experience that will stay with you for life? Every year thousands of teens choose to volunteer abroad with International Volunteer HQ(IVHQ)-the world’s most trusted provider of safe and affordable volunteer programs for teens. Service trips for teens are available in more than 50 destinations and there are 17 teen volunteer programs for 16 to 18 year-olds. Some of the best programs in 2024 include Turtle Conservation in Bali, Animal Care in Costa Rica and Childcare in Tanzania. Or, if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school, IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too! Benefits for volunteers: There is no doubt that volunteering as a teenager is a meaningful way to broaden your education and add experiences that will stand out on your college application. Crossing boundaries to work with partners from different parts of the world fosters global understanding. Living in a country different to your own means that you will be involved in a new culture, cuisine, and way of thinking. Guaranteed support: Chances are your parents will also want to learn more about IVHQ, whether or not they will go abroad with you. Having placed more than 130, 000 volunteers abroad, we’re always happy to speak with parents to ensure all their questions are fielded. Through our online safety training, comprehensive information brochures, on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams, IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad. If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective, please contact us. IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service. 21．What can IVHQ provide for a high school group? A．Rewards for volunteering. B．A free service trip. C．An opportunity to study abroad. D．A specialized program. 22．What does IVHQ promise to volunteers? A．Local teams’ assistance. B．Partners’ support. C．College recommendation letters. D．Parents’ company 23．The main purpose of the passage is to_____. A．advocate volunteering B．introduce requirements C．advertise a service D．suggest a lifestyle 【参考答案】21．D 22．A 23．C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，是International Volunteer HQ为志愿者提供的服务的广告。 【详情解析】 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Or, if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school, IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too!(或者，如果你想和你高中的一群学生一起做志愿者，IVHQ也可以为你的小组量身定制一个项目！)”可知，IVHQ能为高中团体提供一个专门的项目。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据Guaranteed support:部分的“Through our online safety training, comprehensive information brochures, on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams, IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad.(通过我们的在线安全培训、全面的信息手册、经验丰富的项目经理的持续支持以及当地团队的24小时支持，IVHQ志愿者可以充分利用国外的时间。)”可知，IVHQ对志愿者的承诺是当地团队的协助。故选A。 23．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective, please contact us. IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service.(如果您准备好打包行李，体验完全不同的生活方式，拓宽您的全球视野，请与我们联系。IVHQ将非常乐意为您提供服务。)”可知，本文是International Volunteer HQ为志愿者提供的服务的广告，因此目的是为一种服务做广告。故选C。 B When Emma woke up, she knew it was going to be one of those days. She felt unwell — a cold had taken hold of her. Still, she needed to brave the storm of responsibilities at work. Emma dragged herself out of bed and got ready for work. Then she put on her raincoat and went out into the pouring rain. As she walked, she fought against the bad weather. Emma’s umbrella was almost useless as it was raining cats and dogs. Then like a bolt from the blue, the wind blew it inside out. She was immediately wet from head to toe. She said to herself in a quiet voice. “What a day to forget my rain boots!” At the office, the day was as stormy as the weather. She had a mountain of tasks. Handling endless emails and phone calls should have been a light wind. But before long, she was desperate to take a break so she could get a second wind. Then, at exactly the moment, her coworker Alex came to her rescue. Alex was not a fair-weather friend but was always ready to lend a hand. With a warm smile, he offered to help Emma. Having Alex assist her was like a ray of sunshine on a rainy day. Their laughter and good-fellowship as they completed their tasks made the hours pass quickly. On her way home, Emma reflected on the day, which had ended up being surprisingly pleasant. She realized that every cloud did indeed have a silver lining. Today, that silver lining had been her wonderful colleague, Alex. When Emma arrived home, she decided to send Alex a heartfelt message of appreciation. She wrote, “Thanks for being my ray of sunshine in this rainy day!” It was a simple message, but it carried a lot of meaning. That night, listening to it rain cats and dogs outside, Emma couldn’t help but smile. She had weathered the storm with Alex’s help. 24．Why did Emma get totally wet? A．Because she forgot to take her umbrella. B．Because she didn’t wear her raincoat. C．Because her rain boots were broken. D．Because the wind was too strong. 25．What happened to Emma and Alex at the office? A．They finished the assignments with joy. B．They took a break to refresh themselves. C．They talked about the weather while performing tasks. D．Alex came to rescue Emma because she was in danger. 26．How did Emma feel at last? A．Grateful and warm. B．Pleased and amused. C．Shocked and confused. D．Confident and determined. 27．What can we conclude from the passage? A．Save for a rainy day. B．Hard work pays off. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. 【参考答案】24．D 25．A 26．A 27．D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲的是Emma在同事的帮助下完成了工作任务，让她在雨天也感受到了温暖。 【详情解析】 24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Then like a bolt from the blue, the wind blew it inside out. She was immediately wet from head to toe.(然后，风像蓝色的闪电，把它吹了出去。她立刻从头到脚都被弄湿了。)”可知，因为风太大，所以她全身都被弄湿了。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Their laughter and good-fellowship as they completed their tasks made the hours pass quickly.(他们完成任务时的笑声和友谊使时间过得很快。)”可知，他们高兴地完成了所有的任务。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When Emma arrived home, she decided to send Alex a heartfelt message of appreciation. She wrote, ‘Thanks for being my ray of sunshine in this rainy day!’(当艾玛回到家时，她决定给亚历克斯发个衷心的感谢之信。她写道：“谢谢你在这个雨天成为我的阳光！”)”可知，她内心对同事充满了感激，让她在雨天感受到了温暖。故选A。 27．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段“She had weathered the storm with Alex’s help.(她在亚历克斯的帮助下经受住了暴风雨。)”可知，本文主要讲的就是Emma在同事的帮助下完成了工作任务，让她在雨天也感受到了温暖，患难见真情。故选D。 C Women experience a “gender tenure gap”, lasting in CEO roles at publicly listed companies for shorter periods than men, according to new research which may support the idea that female leaders are subject to a “ glass cliff ” where they are set up to fail. The concept of the glass cliff is that women are more likely to be appointed as leaders when an organization is in a time of crisis, so that their position is seen as more precarious than male counterparts. Researchers at the University of Exeter found in 2005 that women were more likely to be appointed as board members after a company’s share price had performed badly. Professor Ryan told the Observer that the Russell Reynolds analysis was “ robust and added to the body of work in this area”. “If women are more likely to take on leadership roles in times of crisis, then it follows that their time in office is likely to be stressful, more heavily scrutinised and shorter in tenure. This reduced tenure could be for a number of reasons — because there is often higher turnover in times of crisis, because they are judged as not performing well, even though poor performance was in train before their appointment, or because when things start to turn around, men come back into leadership roles.” she said. Chief executive roles have a very low turnover, she said, which makes progress harder. “I think men can enjoy a greater followership — support within the organization. They can suffer big setbacks and rise again. Women who have been CEOs tend to go off to an alternative career. However, she said that there was cause for optimism. The number of women on FTSE 350 boards is now 41%, up from 9.5% in 2011, and appointing women is “now the norm”. Russell Reynolds also found in a survey of 1,500 leaders worldwide that there were no significant differences in how women and men were perceived by the people who worked for them, showing that they were equally effective as leaders, although women were seen as being better at coaching and development. 28．What does the underlined word “precarious” probably mean? A．Dangerous. B．Profitable. C．Essential. D．Available. 29．Which of the following statements is correct? A．“gender tenure gap” can be found in the majority of companies. B．Male leaders are less likely to be appointed as board members. C．Woman leaders in times of crisis tend to be shorter in tenure. D．Female leaders are generally not performing well during their appointment. 30．What does the last paragraph indicate? A．Women leaders are destined to eliminate glass cliff in the future. B．Nowadays woman leaders differ hugely from man leaders in followership. C．Man leaders are superior to woman leaders in every aspect. D．Woman leaders are no less competent than man counterparts. 【参考答案】28．A 29．C 30．D 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。讲述了一项新的研究结果，即女性在上市公司担任首席执行官的时间比男性短，这支持了女性领导者更容易陷入“玻璃悬崖”的观点。 【详情解析】 28．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Women experience a “gender tenure gap”, lasting in CEO roles at publicly listed companies for shorter periods than men, according to new research which may support the idea that female leaders are subject to a “ glass cliff ” where they are set up to fail.(一项新的研究表明，女性在上市公司担任首席执行官的时间比男性短，这可能会支持女性领导者面临“玻璃悬崖”的观点，即她们注定会失败)”以及第二段“The concept of the glass cliff is that women are more likely to be appointed as leaders when an organization is in a time of crisis, so that their position is seen as more precarious than male counterparts.(玻璃悬崖的概念是，当组织处于危机时期时，女性更有可能被任命为领导者，因此她们的地位被视为比男性同行更precarious)”可知，女性在上市公司担任首席执行官的时间比男性短，她们注定会失败可知，此处glass cliff对女性并不是一个友好的词，所以推知应是“因此她们的地位被视为比男性同行更危险的”之意，推知precarious意为“危险的”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。 29．细节理解题。根据第四段““If women are more likely to take on leadership roles in times of crisis, then it follows that their time in office is likely to be stressful, more heavily scrutinised and shorter in tenure. This reduced tenure could be for a number of reasons—because there is often higher turnover in times of crisis, because they are judged as not performing well, even though poor performance was in train before their appointment, or because when things start to turn around, men come back into leadership roles.” she said.(她说：“如果女性更有可能在危机时期担任领导角色，那么她们在任期间可能会面临很大压力，受到更严格的审查，任期也会更短。任期缩短的原因可能有很多，因为在危机时期人员流动率往往更高，或者即使业绩不佳在她们上任之前就已存在，她们仍可能因此被评判为表现不佳，又或者因为当情况开始好转时，男性会重新担任领导职务。”)”可知，在危机时期，女性领导人的任期往往较短。故选C项。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, she said that there was cause for optimism. The number of women on FTSE 350 boards is now 41%, up from 9.5% in 2011, and appointing women is “now the norm”. Russell Reynolds also found in a survey of 1,500 leaders worldwide that there were no significant differences in how women and men were perceived by the people who worked for them, showing that they were equally effective as leaders, although women were seen as being better at coaching and development.(然而，她表示我们仍有理由保持乐观。富时350指数(FTSE 350)公司董事会中的女性成员占比现已达到41%，高于2011年的9.5%，而且如今任命女性担任要职已“成为常态”。罗素·雷诺兹还在一项针对全球1500名领导者的调查中发现，员工对男女领导的看法并无显著差异，这表明他们作为领导者的效率是相同的，尽管女性更擅长指导和培养下属)”可知，本段主要表明女性领导者的能力并不比男性同行差。故选D项。 D When I was named CEO of a global company in 2006, I was determined to run the company so that it would both deliver good short-term performance and thrive in the long term, years after I was gone. It was already in good shape, but I dreamed of creating a defining corporation of the 21st century, proud of its root, yet global and responsible in the shifting times. For months, I quietly read all I could about the big social trends influencing business. I walked the market, and examined employees’ feedback. I also dug deep into the obligations of public corporations. From all of this emerged a vision for the company that guided us for the next dozen years or so. I called it “Performance with Purpose”. The goal was to deliver great financial returns, as we always had, with three additional clear objects: to nourish humanity and the communities, to protect our environment and to cherish our people. My motivation was wholly to “future proof”, or de-risk. And it worked. In my 12 years as CEO, total shareholder return was 149%, and net profit jumped 80%. We cut the salt, fat, and sugar in so da and chips, added more healthful brands and products, and lowered the amount of water needed. We kept innovation going and our design studios won many awards. Our talent academy was so brilliant that nine senior managers left to take CEO jobs elsewhere. I believe that leaders must think from the future back, even when things are going fine. And we now have a framework to help: the evolving templates (模板) for environmental, social, and governance metrics (ESG衡量标准) that, in essence, serve to de-risk companies and markets. These criteria force discussion of hard truths for anyone with the ambition to stay relevant in the long term. If the metrics are carefully selected, ESG is not contrary to investors’ interests. Importantly, de-risking the company actually creates shareholder value. “Performance with Purpose” presented tough moments for me, including when one investor questioned, “Who do you think you are? A philanthropist (慈善家)?” But skepticism faded when a collective mission took hold that included both the bottom line and much beyond. This was my hope from the start. 31．The author’s new vision for the company came from _________. A．its unique cultural root B．her thorough research C．customers’ fundamental needs D．shareholders’ strong requirements 32．According to “Performance with Purpose”, an ideal company should _________. A．shift its strategies properly B．value employees’ feedback C．shoulder social responsibility D．prioritize financial returns 33．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The risks a company may face. B．The author’s ambition to create value. C．The interests investors seek after. D．The author’s recipe for successful business. 34．As CEO, the author can be best described as _________. A．inspiring and warm-hearted B．determined and far-sighted C．ambitious and generous D．modest and strategic 【参考答案】31．B 32．C 33．D 34．B 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，作者于2006年成为一家全球公司的CEO时，决心让公司在短期内取得佳绩，并在作者离开后依然长期繁荣。作者提出“绩效与目的”的愿景，旨在实现财务成功的同时，关注社会责任、环境保护和员工发展。 【详情解析】 31．推理判断题。由文章第二段“For months, I quietly read all I could about the big social trends influencing business. I walked the market, and examined employees’ feedback. I also dug deep into the obligations of public corporations. From all of this emerged a vision for the company that guided us for the next dozen years or so. I called it “Performance with Purpose”. The goal was to deliver great financial returns, as we always had, with three additional clear objects: to nourish humanity and the communities, to protect our environment and to cherish our people. (几个月来，我静静地阅读了所有影响商业的重大社会趋势。我在市场里走了一圈，查看了员工的反馈。我还深入研究了公共企业的义务。从这一切中，我们看到了公司未来十几年的发展方向。我称之为“有目的的表现”。我们的目标是提供巨大的经济回报，就像我们一直做的那样，同时还有三个明确的目标：滋养人类和社区，保护我们的环境，珍惜我们的人民。)”可知，作者进行了大量的研究工作，包括阅读有关影响商业的重大社会趋势的资料、考察市场以及深入研究公共公司的义务，基于这些研究形成了新的公司愿景。故选B项。 32．推理判断题。由文章第二段“I called it “Performance with Purpose”. The goal was to deliver great financial returns, as we always had, with three additional clear objects: to nourish humanity and the communities, to protect our environment and to cherish our people. (我称之为“有目的的表现”。我们的目标是提供巨大的经济回报，就像我们一直做的那样，同时还有三个明确的目标：滋养人类和社区，保护我们的环境，珍惜我们的人民。)”可知，一个理想的公司应该承担社会责任。故选C项。 33．主旨大意题。由文章第四段“I believe that leaders must think from the future back, even when things are going fine. And we now have a framework to help: the evolving templates (模板) for environmental, social, and governance metrics (ESG衡量标准) that, in essence, serve to de-risk companies and markets. These criteria force discussion of hard truths for anyone with the ambition to stay relevant in the long term. If the metrics are carefully selected, ESG is not contrary to investors’ interests. Importantly, de-risking the company actually creates shareholder value. (我认为，领导者必须从未来的角度考虑问题，即使事情进展顺利。我们现在有了一个可以提供帮助的框架：不断发展的环境、社会和治理指标模板（ESG衡量标准），从本质上讲，这些模板有助于企业和市场降低风险。这些标准迫使任何有志于长期保持相关性的人讨论残酷的事实。如果这些指标经过精心挑选，ESG并不会违背投资者的利益。重要的是，降低公司风险实际上创造了股东价值。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了作者如何通过ESG衡量标准来为公司“去风险”，这是作者成功经商的秘诀。故选D项。 34．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“When I was named CEO of a global company in 2006, I was determined to run the company so that it would both deliver good short-term performance and thrive in the long term, years after I was gone.   It was already in good shape, but I dreamed of creating a defining corporation of the 21st century, proud of its root, yet global and responsible in the shifting times. (2006年，当我被任命为一家跨国公司的首席执行官时，我决心管理这家公司，让它在我离开多年后，既能提供良好的短期业绩，又能保持长期繁荣。它已经处于良好的状态，但我梦想着创建一个21世纪的标志性公司，为自己的根源感到自豪，同时在不断变化的时代具有全球性和责任感。)”可知，作者作为CEO，不仅决心要让公司在短期内表现良好，还致力于长期发展，提出了前瞻性的“Performance with Purpose”愿景，并成功实施，使公司在经济、社会和环境等多方面取得显著成效。这表明作者既坚定又具有远见卓识。故选B项。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a doctor, I can give you a lot of useful advice about how to get healthy and stay that way, but you don’t need me to tell you that exercise is good for you. Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind. 35 More than 60% of American adults don’t exercise regularly, and many say they don’t exercise at all. More than 72 million are overweight, and almost all of them would like to lose the extra pounds. So, if exercise is such a good idea, why don’t more people do it? 36 Even as I write this, I am watching my two-year-old run around in circles. Kids seem to be born in constant motion, but along the way that behavior changes. The slowdown occurs for most at the beginning of college. Academic pressure and lack of organized sports are certainly part of the problem. A bigger part may be looking at life changes as an occasion to blow up old rules and not create new ones in their place. 37 The demands of a new job usually mean less time at the gym. How about a new marriage? How many times have we seen just-married couples looking a lot heavier in first-anniversary photos than they did in the wedding pictures? 38 People who set general goals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far worse job of sticking to that plan than did people who made a firm commitment, like “I will walk to my friend’s house and back every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.” The good news is, there are solutions to all these. We can begin with exercises as simple as remembering to sit straighter or drink enough water. Specific workout plans can turn a general desire to exercise into a firm commitment. 39 We may never again have the energy of a two-year-old, but getting back even a little of our early-life energy can make our later lives a whole lot healthier. A．Being in college is certainly part of the problem. B．This is especially so when it comes to staying fit. C．Not having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt. D．We often wish to go back to our two-year-old selves. E．For instance, you can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends. F．Still, there’s a real disconnect between what we know and what we do. G．The most puzzling part of our inactive nature is that we don’t start out that way. 【参考答案】35．F 36．G 37．B 38．C 39．E 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人们知道运动有益于健康，而人们却不去运动的原因，并提出了如何去运动的建议。 【详情解析】 35．根据空前的“Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind.(保持活跃对心脏、腰围、甚至思维都有好处。)”可知，人们知道运动有益健康，根据空后“More than 60% of American adults don’t exercise regularly, and many say they don’t exercise at all.(超过60%的美国成年人不经常锻炼，许多人说他们根本不锻炼。)”可知，调查结果发现，美国成年人大多数却不怎么运动甚至根本不运动，由此可猜测，此空处应承上启下的作用，G选项“Still, there’s a real disconnect between what we know and what we do.(尽管如此，我们所知道的和我们所做的之间还是有很大的差距。)”讲述的是人们想的与做的有差距，起到承上启下的作用。故选F项。 36．根据空前的“So, if exercise is such a good idea, why don’t more people do it?(那么，如果运动是一个好主意，为什么不让更多的人去做呢?)”可知，既然运动是好想法，为什么却不去做呢，提出问题，引出下文分析原因，根据空后的“Even as I write this, I am watching my two-year-old run around in circles.(就在我写这篇文章的时候，我正看着我两岁的儿子在原地打转。)”可知，小孩子还是很喜欢运动的，G选项“The most puzzling part of our inactive nature is that we don’t start out that way.(我们不活跃的天性中最令人费解的部分是，我们一开始并不是这样的。)”讲述的是我们不运动可不是从一开始就这样，与空后内容吻合。故选G项。 37．根据空前的“A bigger part may be looking at life changes as an occasion to blow up old rules and not create new ones in their place.(更大的一部分可能是把生活的变化看作是一个打破旧规则的机会，而不是创造新的规则。)”可知，很大的原因是人们把改变生活看作打破旧规，而不是创建新规，而根据空后“The demands of a new job usually mean less time at the gym.(新工作的要求通常意味着在健身房锻炼的时间更少。)”可知，新工作的要求可能意为着更少锻炼的时间，B选项“This is especially so when it comes to staying fit.(在保持健康方面尤其如此。)”讲述的内容从空前的对改变生活的看法转述到空后的文章谈论的运动与健康的主题中，符合语境。故选B项。 38．根据空后的“People who set general goals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far worse job of sticking to that plan than did people who made a firm commitment, like “I will walk to my friend’s house and back every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.”(那些设定一般目标的人，比如“我要在空闲时间锻炼”，在坚持计划方面的表现要比那些做出坚定承诺的人糟糕得多，比如“我每周一、三、五走路去朋友家，然后回家”。)”可知，该段落分析的是人们不运动与没有恰当的运动规划相关，C选项“Not having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt.(没有一个明确的锻炼计划会带来伤害。)”讲述的内容概括了本段的主题，内容与空后一致。故选C项。 39．根据空前的“Specific workout plans can turn a general desire to exercise into a firm commitment.(具体的锻炼计划可以把一般的锻炼愿望变成坚定的承诺。)”可知，具体的锻炼计划能把一个锻炼的想法转换为坚定的承诺，分析语篇可知，此空应为具体的做法，E选项“For instance, you can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends.(例如，你可以安排每周和朋友去一次健身房。)”通过举例来说明空前的具体做法，内容与空前一致，逻辑合理。故选E项。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分) 第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I had a great interest in researching the topic of how to improve your sense of direction, because my own sense of direction is absolutely terrible. Take going to the toilet in a restaurant, for example. I can find my way there easily enough because there are signs pointing me in the right direction. But getting back to my table is another story. After all, there are no helpful signs saying, “This is where you were sitting less than five minutes ago”. However, rather than accept the situation of myself frequently walking into cupboards and backtracking down dead ends, I’m determined to give my sense of direction a much-needed improvement. Nowadays, of course, it’s easy to rely on GPS (全球卫星定位系统) to find your way. But if you really want to improve your sense of direction, it’s a good idea to count on yourself. Studying a map and memorizing the way before you set out does have its benefits—not least because the amount of mental energy it requires means it’s more likely to stick in your mind. Looking at electronic maps on a big screen—or even studying a paper map—also allows you to get a sense of that all-important bigger picture and how everywhere fits together. Paying full attention is key, too. It’s important to notice what’s around you—in    all directions. Instead of staring straight ahead, make sure you look up, down and behind you as well. This will come in particularly useful when you’re on the return journey—even if it’s just finding your way back from the toilet in a restaurant. Try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground. It’s all too easy to be anxious and afraid if you imagine you may be lost—but this sudden feeling of anxiety will only prevent you from calmly working out which way to go. Besides, getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever-growing mental map—both of which will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. Finally, your sense of direction is a use-it-or-lose-it skill. If you only stick to the ways you already know, it’s never going to get any better. So, now’s the time to start exploring! 40．What problem does the writer have according to the passage? 41．According to the passage, what can we do to improve the sense of direction? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, and then underline it and explain why. To become “direction smarter”, we need to stay calm instead of being anxious, so we must avoid getting lost in all circumstances. 43．In addition to the ways mentioned in the passage, what else can you do to find your ways in a new place? (In about 40 words) 【参考答案】 40、The sense of direction is absolutely terrible. 41．Study the map before departure, focus fully, try to relax, get lost, increase mental maps, and explore more 42．To become “direction smarter”, we need to stay calm instead of being anxious, so we must avoid getting lost in all circumstances. Because getting lost will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. 43．Using the Sun: during the day, the sun generally points south at noon. Using Stars: at night, the North Star is located due north and is the best sign to search for the north. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们如何培养自己的方向感。 【详情解析】 40．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“I had a great interest in researching the topic of how to improve your sense of direction, because my own sense of direction is absolutely terrible (我非常有兴趣研究如何提高你的方向感，因为我自己的方向感绝对很糟糕)”可知，作者的问题是方向感很差，故答案为The sense of direction is absolutely terrible. 41．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“Studying a map and memorizing the way before you set out does have its benefits (在出发前研究地图并记住路线确实有好处)”、第五段“Paying full attention is key too. (全神贯注也是关键。)”、第六段“Try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground. (当你在陌生的地方时，试着放松。)”、第六段“Besides, getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever-growing mental map—both of which will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. (此外，迷路是发现新地方和为不断增长的心理地图添加更多细节的最佳方式之一—从长远来看，这两种方式都将帮助你变得“更聪明”。)”、最后一段“Finally, your sense of direction is a use-it-or-lose-it skill. If you only stick to the ways you already know, it’s never going to get any better. So, now’s the time to start exploring! (最后，你的方向感是一种要么使用要么失去的技能。如果你只坚持你已经知道的方式，它永远不会变得更好。现在是时候开始探索了。)”可知，提高方向感的方法有：出发前研究地图、全神贯注、试着放松、迷路和增加心里地图以及多多探索，故答案为Study the map before departure, focus fully, try to relax, get lost, increase mental maps, and explore more。 42．考查细节理解。根据文章第六段“Besides, getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever-growing mental map—both of which will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. (此外，迷路是发现新地方和为不断增长的心理地图添加更多细节的最佳方式之一—从长远来看，这两种方式都将帮助你变得“更聪明”。)”可知，迷路帮助你变得“更聪明”，故答案为To become “direction smarter”, we need to stay calm instead of being anxious, so we must avoid getting lost in all circumstances. Because getting lost will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. 43．考查开放回答。只要能够科学的指出辨明方向的方法即可，故答案为Using the Sun: during the day, the sun generally points south at noon. Using Stars: at night, the North Star is located due north and is the best sign to search for the north. 第二节 (20 分) 假设你是郑州外国语学校高三学生李华，临近毕业，你们班的英语老师请每位同学给新高一学弟学妹写封英文邮件，邮件内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 你的祝愿。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear fellow students, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考答案】 Dear fellow students, Congratulations on becoming a part of our wonderful school community. At the request of our English teacher, I’m reaching out to offer you some advice on navigating your time here. First, treasure every moment spent with your teachers and classmates. Your time here will pass quickly, so seize the opportunity to forge meaningful and lasting connections. Secondly, let go of your past achievements or failures. Instead, focus on the tasks at hand. It is the dedication and effort you invest now that will shape your future. Finally, explore what truly sparks your passion. Take English learning for instance. Whether it’s watching movies or reading novels, try to find what genuinely motivates you. Wishing you all a fulfilling and rewarding journey ahead filled with joy, growth, and success. Yours, Li Hua 【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写出对高一学弟学妹各方面的建议，最后表达美好的祝愿。 【详情解析】 1.词汇积累 珍视：treasure→cherish 抓住：seize → grasp/catch hold of 专注于：focus on→concentrate on 以……为例：take sth. for instance→take sth. for example 2.句式拓展 宾语从句变定语从句 原句：Whether it’s watching movies or reading novels, try to find what genuinely motivates you. 拓展句：Whether it’s watching movies or reading novels, try to find something that genuinely motivates you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is the dedication and effort you invest now that will shape your future.（运用了强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分） 【高分句型2】Finally, explore what truly sparks your passion.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 1 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 2、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was my first day of high school, and it was my first day of school in a new city. There was only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A good image is everything, so it was important for me to 1 the people who I would spend the next four years with. For the first time in my life, I thought about how convenient it would be to wear the school uniform. After carefully selecting, I emerged proudly in a patterned dress. An hour later, I felt 2 as I stepped off the bus and headed toward room 1136. But as I turned the corner into my first class, my jaw dropped to the floor. Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, 3 the exact same dress as I. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant introductions in front of the whole class, and soon enough it was my 4 . I made it through my minute speech, until Mrs. Hutfilz stood up, jokingly adding that she liked my 5 . Although this was the moment I had been worrying from the moment I walked in, all the 6 that had increased surprisingly melted away; the students who had previously been staring at their phones 7 their heads as I shared my story. My smile grew as I laughed with my peers, ending my speech with “And I am very stylish, much like my first period 8 .” After class, I stayed behind and talked to Mrs. Hutfilz, sharing my previous worry about coming into a new school and city. I was 9 to make a humorous and genuine connection with my first teacher, one that would continue for the rest of the year. While my first period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would, it certainly made the day 10 in the best way, and taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesome sense of style! 1．A．impress B．surprise C．please D．encourage 2．A．shy B．lucky C．free D．powerful 3．A．preparing B．wearing C．hiding D．designing 4．A．turn B．chance C．reward D．solution 5．A．writing B．style C．speech D．voice 6．A．happiness B．confidence C．boredom D．anxiety 7．A．nodded B．buried C．raised D．touched 8．A．neighbor B．peer C．teacher D．friend 9．A．relieved B．nervous C．patient D．embarrassed 10．A．unpredictable B．unforgettable C．unbearable D．unchangeable 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当 的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指 定区域作答。 A The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 11 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 12 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 13 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. B Research suggests a connection between deforestation, 14 (result) in poorer air quality, and increased rates of depression and anxiety. It has been revealed that countries with more forested land tend to see 15 (few) cases of mental health disorders. In the 1980s, “forest bathing” was introduced as a therapeutic practice centered around trees to enhance the psychological benefits of outdoor experiences. Up till now, this practice 16 (use) for treating patients. C In America, people use both “fall” and “autumn” to describe the 17 (three) season of the year. According to Dictionary. com, these two words were first documented within a few 18 (century). The period between summer and winter was called “harvest” 19 old English. This word has Germanic origins highlighting the act of gathering and preserving crops before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers 20 (begin) referring to the season between cold and warm months as the “fall of the leaf” which later shortened to “fall”. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分) 第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities for 2024 that provide a rewarding experience that will stay with you for life? Every year thousands of teens choose to volunteer abroad with International Volunteer HQ(IVHQ)-the world’s most trusted provider of safe and affordable volunteer programs for teens. Service trips for teens are available in more than 50 destinations and there are 17 teen volunteer programs for 16 to 18 year-olds. Some of the best programs in 2024 include Turtle Conservation in Bali, Animal Care in Costa Rica and Childcare in Tanzania. Or, if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school, IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too! Benefits for volunteers: There is no doubt that volunteering as a teenager is a meaningful way to broaden your education and add experiences that will stand out on your college application. Crossing boundaries to work with partners from different parts of the world fosters global understanding. Living in a country different to your own means that you will be involved in a new culture, cuisine, and way of thinking. Guaranteed support: Chances are your parents will also want to learn more about IVHQ, whether or not they will go abroad with you. Having placed more than 130, 000 volunteers abroad, we’re always happy to speak with parents to ensure all their questions are fielded. Through our online safety training, comprehensive information brochures, on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams, IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad. If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective, please contact us. IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service. 21．What can IVHQ provide for a high school group? A．Rewards for volunteering. B．A free service trip. C．An opportunity to study abroad. D．A specialized program. 22．What does IVHQ promise to volunteers? A．Local teams’ assistance. B．Partners’ support. C．College recommendation letters. D．Parents’ company 23．The main purpose of the passage is to_____. A．advocate volunteering B．introduce requirements C．advertise a service D．suggest a lifestyle B When Emma woke up, she knew it was going to be one of those days. She felt unwell — a cold had taken hold of her. Still, she needed to brave the storm of responsibilities at work. Emma dragged herself out of bed and got ready for work. Then she put on her raincoat and went out into the pouring rain. As she walked, she fought against the bad weather. Emma’s umbrella was almost useless as it was raining cats and dogs. Then like a bolt from the blue, the wind blew it inside out. She was immediately wet from head to toe. She said to herself in a quiet voice. “What a day to forget my rain boots!” At the office, the day was as stormy as the weather. She had a mountain of tasks. Handling endless emails and phone calls should have been a light wind. But before long, she was desperate to take a break so she could get a second wind. Then, at exactly the moment, her coworker Alex came to her rescue. Alex was not a fair-weather friend but was always ready to lend a hand. With a warm smile, he offered to help Emma. Having Alex assist her was like a ray of sunshine on a rainy day. Their laughter and good-fellowship as they completed their tasks made the hours pass quickly. On her way home, Emma reflected on the day, which had ended up being surprisingly pleasant. She realized that every cloud did indeed have a silver lining. Today, that silver lining had been her wonderful colleague, Alex. When Emma arrived home, she decided to send Alex a heartfelt message of appreciation. She wrote, “Thanks for being my ray of sunshine in this rainy day!” It was a simple message, but it carried a lot of meaning. That night, listening to it rain cats and dogs outside, Emma couldn’t help but smile. She had weathered the storm with Alex’s help. 24．Why did Emma get totally wet? A．Because she forgot to take her umbrella. B．Because she didn’t wear her raincoat. C．Because her rain boots were broken. D．Because the wind was too strong. 25．What happened to Emma and Alex at the office? A．They finished the assignments with joy. B．They took a break to refresh themselves. C．They talked about the weather while performing tasks. D．Alex came to rescue Emma because she was in danger. 26．How did Emma feel at last? A．Grateful and warm. B．Pleased and amused. C．Shocked and confused. D．Confident and determined. 27．What can we conclude from the passage? A．Save for a rainy day. B．Hard work pays off. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C Women experience a “gender tenure gap”, lasting in CEO roles at publicly listed companies for shorter periods than men, according to new research which may support the idea that female leaders are subject to a “ glass cliff ” where they are set up to fail. The concept of the glass cliff is that women are more likely to be appointed as leaders when an organization is in a time of crisis, so that their position is seen as more precarious than male counterparts. Researchers at the University of Exeter found in 2005 that women were more likely to be appointed as board members after a company’s share price had performed badly. Professor Ryan told the Observer that the Russell Reynolds analysis was “ robust and added to the body of work in this area”. “If women are more likely to take on leadership roles in times of crisis, then it follows that their time in office is likely to be stressful, more heavily scrutinised and shorter in tenure. This reduced tenure could be for a number of reasons — because there is often higher turnover in times of crisis, because they are judged as not performing well, even though poor performance was in train before their appointment, or because when things start to turn around, men come back into leadership roles.” she said. Chief executive roles have a very low turnover, she said, which makes progress harder. “I think men can enjoy a greater followership — support within the organization. They can suffer big setbacks and rise again. Women who have been CEOs tend to go off to an alternative career. However, she said that there was cause for optimism. The number of women on FTSE 350 boards is now 41%, up from 9.5% in 2011, and appointing women is “now the norm”. Russell Reynolds also found in a survey of 1,500 leaders worldwide that there were no significant differences in how women and men were perceived by the people who worked for them, showing that they were equally effective as leaders, although women were seen as being better at coaching and development. 28．What does the underlined word “precarious” probably mean? A．Dangerous. B．Profitable. C．Essential. D．Available. 29．Which of the following statements is correct? A．“gender tenure gap” can be found in the majority of companies. B．Male leaders are less likely to be appointed as board members. C．Woman leaders in times of crisis tend to be shorter in tenure. D．Female leaders are generally not performing well during their appointment. 30．What does the last paragraph indicate? A．Women leaders are destined to eliminate glass cliff in the future. B．Nowadays woman leaders differ hugely from man leaders in followership. C．Man leaders are superior to woman leaders in every aspect. D．Woman leaders are no less competent than man counterparts. D When I was named CEO of a global company in 2006, I was determined to run the company so that it would both deliver good short-term performance and thrive in the long term, years after I was gone. It was already in good shape, but I dreamed of creating a defining corporation of the 21st century, proud of its root, yet global and responsible in the shifting times. For months, I quietly read all I could about the big social trends influencing business. I walked the market, and examined employees’ feedback. I also dug deep into the obligations of public corporations. From all of this emerged a vision for the company that guided us for the next dozen years or so. I called it “Performance with Purpose”. The goal was to deliver great financial returns, as we always had, with three additional clear objects: to nourish humanity and the communities, to protect our environment and to cherish our people. My motivation was wholly to “future proof”, or de-risk. And it worked. In my 12 years as CEO, total shareholder return was 149%, and net profit jumped 80%. We cut the salt, fat, and sugar in so da and chips, added more healthful brands and products, and lowered the amount of water needed. We kept innovation going and our design studios won many awards. Our talent academy was so brilliant that nine senior managers left to take CEO jobs elsewhere. I believe that leaders must think from the future back, even when things are going fine. And we now have a framework to help: the evolving templates (模板) for environmental, social, and governance metrics (ESG衡量标准) that, in essence, serve to de-risk companies and markets. These criteria force discussion of hard truths for anyone with the ambition to stay relevant in the long term. If the metrics are carefully selected, ESG is not contrary to investors’ interests. Importantly, de-risking the company actually creates shareholder value. “Performance with Purpose” presented tough moments for me, including when one investor questioned, “Who do you think you are? A philanthropist (慈善家)?” But skepticism faded when a collective mission took hold that included both the bottom line and much beyond. This was my hope from the start. 31．The author’s new vision for the company came from _________. A．its unique cultural root B．her thorough research C．customers’ fundamental needs D．shareholders’ strong requirements 32．According to “Performance with Purpose”, an ideal company should _________. A．shift its strategies properly B．value employees’ feedback C．shoulder social responsibility D．prioritize financial returns 33．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The risks a company may face. B．The author’s ambition to create value. C．The interests investors seek after. D．The author’s recipe for successful business. 34．As CEO, the author can be best described as _________. A．inspiring and warm-hearted B．determined and far-sighted C．ambitious and generous D．modest and strategic 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a doctor, I can give you a lot of useful advice about how to get healthy and stay that way, but you don’t need me to tell you that exercise is good for you. Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind. 35 More than 60% of American adults don’t exercise regularly, and many say they don’t exercise at all. More than 72 million are overweight, and almost all of them would like to lose the extra pounds. So, if exercise is such a good idea, why don’t more people do it? 36 Even as I write this, I am watching my two-year-old run around in circles. Kids seem to be born in constant motion, but along the way that behavior changes. The slowdown occurs for most at the beginning of college. Academic pressure and lack of organized sports are certainly part of the problem. A bigger part may be looking at life changes as an occasion to blow up old rules and not create new ones in their place. 37 The demands of a new job usually mean less time at the gym. How about a new marriage? How many times have we seen just-married couples looking a lot heavier in first-anniversary photos than they did in the wedding pictures? 38 People who set general goals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far worse job of sticking to that plan than did people who made a firm commitment, like “I will walk to my friend’s house and back every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.” The good news is, there are solutions to all these. We can begin with exercises as simple as remembering to sit straighter or drink enough water. Specific workout plans can turn a general desire to exercise into a firm commitment. 39 We may never again have the energy of a two-year-old, but getting back even a little of our early-life energy can make our later lives a whole lot healthier. A．Being in college is certainly part of the problem. B．This is especially so when it comes to staying fit. C．Not having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt. D．We often wish to go back to our two-year-old selves. E．For instance, you can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends. F．Still, there’s a real disconnect between what we know and what we do. G．The most puzzling part of our inactive nature is that we don’t start out that way. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分) 第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I had a great interest in researching the topic of how to improve your sense of direction, because my own sense of direction is absolutely terrible. Take going to the toilet in a restaurant, for example. I can find my way there easily enough because there are signs pointing me in the right direction. But getting back to my table is another story. After all, there are no helpful signs saying, “This is where you were sitting less than five minutes ago”. However, rather than accept the situation of myself frequently walking into cupboards and backtracking down dead ends, I’m determined to give my sense of direction a much-needed improvement. Nowadays, of course, it’s easy to rely on GPS (全球卫星定位系统) to find your way. But if you really want to improve your sense of direction, it’s a good idea to count on yourself. Studying a map and memorizing the way before you set out does have its benefits—not least because the amount of mental energy it requires means it’s more likely to stick in your mind. Looking at electronic maps on a big screen—or even studying a paper map—also allows you to get a sense of that all-important bigger picture and how everywhere fits together. Paying full attention is key, too. It’s important to notice what’s around you—in    all directions. Instead of staring straight ahead, make sure you look up, down and behind you as well. This will come in particularly useful when you’re on the return journey—even if it’s just finding your way back from the toilet in a restaurant. Try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground. It’s all too easy to be anxious and afraid if you imagine you may be lost—but this sudden feeling of anxiety will only prevent you from calmly working out which way to go. Besides, getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever-growing mental map—both of which will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. Finally, your sense of direction is a use-it-or-lose-it skill. If you only stick to the ways you already know, it’s never going to get any better. So, now’s the time to start exploring! 40．What problem does the writer have according to the passage? 41．According to the passage, what can we do to improve the sense of direction? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, and then underline it and explain why. To become “direction smarter”, we need to stay calm instead of being anxious, so we must avoid getting lost in all circumstances. 43．In addition to the ways mentioned in the passage, what else can you do to find your ways in a new place? (In about 40 words) 第二节 (20 分) 假设你是郑州外国语学校高三学生李华，临近毕业，你们班的英语老师请每位同学给新高一学弟学妹写封英文邮件，邮件内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 你的祝愿。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear fellow students, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用） 英语·参考答案 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A D B A B D C C A B 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 11． attached 12．represents 13．is preferred 14．resulting 15．Fewer 16．has been used 17．third 18．centuries 19．in 20．began 第二部分 阅读理解(共19小题,每小题2分，共38 分) 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 D A C D A A D A C D 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 B C D B F G B C E 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分) 第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分) 40、The sense of direction is absolutely terrible. 41．Study the map before departure, focus fully, try to relax, get lost, increase mental maps, and explore more 42．To become “direction smarter”, we need to stay calm instead of being anxious, so we must avoid getting lost in all circumstances. Because getting lost will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. 43．Using the Sun: during the day, the sun generally points south at noon. Using Stars: at night, the North Star is located due north and is the best sign to search for the north. 第二节 (20 分) Dear fellow students, Congratulations on becoming a part of our wonderful school community. At the request of our English teacher, I’m reaching out to offer you some advice on navigating your time here. First, treasure every moment spent with your teachers and classmates. Your time here will pass quickly, so seize the opportunity to forge meaningful and lasting connections. Secondly, let go of your past achievements or failures. Instead, focus on the tasks at hand. It is the dedication and effort you invest now that will shape your future. Finally, explore what truly sparks your passion. Take English learning for instance. Whether it’s watching movies or reading novels, try to find what genuinely motivates you. Wishing you all a fulfilling and rewarding journey ahead filled with joy, growth, and success. Yours, Li Hua 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷(北京专用) 英语·答题卡 姓名: 准考证号 条 码 粘 贴 处 _ 准考证号 注意事项 。-co410o0 答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清 2. 请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的条码粘贴处的方相 内. 3. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔真涂;非选择题必须用0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写,字体工整. 1 4. 请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答,超出范围的 答案无效,在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 5. 保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 6. 填涂样例 正确 []错误[一]Iv][×] 第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分 第一节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,共15分) 1.[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D] 2.[A][B][C][D] 7IA][B][C][D] 3[A][B][C][D 8.[A][B][C][D 4.[A][B][C][D 9[A][B][C][D] 5.[A][B][C][D 10.[A][B][C][D 第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,共15分 14. 11 15 19 6 18 17 20. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分) 21.[A][B][C][D]26.[A][B][C][D]31.[A][B][C][D] 35.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 22.[A][B][C][D]27[A][B][C][D]32[A][B][C][D] 36.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G 23.]A][B][C][D]28.[A][B][C][D]33[A][B][C][D] 37.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 24.[A][B][C][D]29.[A][B][C][D]34.[A][B][C][D] 38.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G 25.[A][B][C][D]30.[A][B][C][D] 39.[A][B][C][D][E][FIIG] 第三部分书面表达(共两节,32分) 第一节 (满分12分) 40 (2分) (2分) (3分) 43 (5分) 第二节(满分20分) Dear fellow students. Yours, Li Hua ■□ 请在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出黑色短形边框限定区域的答案无效■ 2025届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷（北京专用) 英语·答题卡 ■ ◆ 姓名： ■ 准考证号 记 条 码粘贴处 ■ ■ 准考证号 ■ ■ 注流布项 0 0 0 1,答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清 2.请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的条码粘贴处]的方柜 内 3 3.选择题必须使用B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.5 4 4 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 5 4.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的 ■ 答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 6 6 6 6 5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准 7 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 8 8 8 8 8 6.填涂样例正确■铝误下-Ⅱ1【×刘 ■ 9 9 9 0 9 ■ ■ 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第-节（供10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） ■ ■ 1.[A][B][C1[D] 6.[A][B][C]ID] ■ 2.[A][B][C][D] 7.[AJ[B][C][D] 3.[A][B][C][D] 8.[A][B][C][D] ■ 4.[A][B][C][D] 9.[A][B][C][D] 5.[A][B][C][D] 10.[A][B][C][D] 第二节供10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 11. 12 13 14 ■ 16 18 19 20. 17 ■ ■ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） ■ 21.[A][B1[C][DJ26[A][B][C][D]31[A][B][CJ[D]35.[A][B][C1[D][E][F1[G] 22.[A][B][C][D]27.[A][B][C][D]32.[A][B][C][D]36.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] ■ 23.[A][B][c][D]28.[A][B][C][D]33.[A][B][C][D]37.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] ◆ 24.[A][B][C][DJ29.A][B][C][D]34[AJ[B][CJ[D]38.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] ■ 25[A][B][C][D]30.[A][B][C][D] 39.[AJ[B][C][D][E][F][G] 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（满分12分） 40. ■ (2分) 41 (2分) 42 (3分) 43 ■ (5分) 第二节（满分20分） ■ Dear fellow students. ■ Yours, Li Hua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区城的答案无效！