内容正文:
班级 姓名 学号 分数
Unit 1 Past and present
现在完成时(1)
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
现在完成时定义
现在完成时(present perfect)过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或后果,过去一段时间发生一直延续到现在并有可能延续到将来的动作或状态。
e.g I have lost my wallet. / You have learned English for eight years.
现在完成时的构成
构成:主语+have/has+past participle+其他.(该句式中的have或has是助动词,当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have)
肯定式:主语+have/has+PP+其他.
e.g I 've eaten my lunch. e.g She's eaten her lunch.
否定式:主语+haven't/hasn't+PP+其他.
e.g I have not (haven’t) seen the film.
e.g She has not (hasn’t) seen the film.
疑问式:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他?回答: Yes,主语+have/has.
No,主语+haven't/hasn't.
e.g Have you known Sandy for a long time?
Yes, I have/ No, I haven’t.
现在完成时的的标志词
影响时:already, yet, still, just,before,
延续性:since, for, so far, by now, up to now, till now,
经验:ever, never, once, twice,all/in one’s life .....
现在完成时的用法
1.延续:过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态(有可能延续到将来),只与某些带有延续意义的动词连用,常与since,for连用
e.g He has studied English for 6 years.
e.g Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.
2.影响:过去发生的动作和事情对现在产生的影响和结果。
e.g I Have had your supper.
e.g I have read the book already.
3.经验:在过去发生过一次或多次的动作,已成为某种经验
e.g We have been to the Great Wall three times.
e.g We have never been to England.
有些动词的过去分词和过去式的变化形式相同,其变化情况大致分类如下:
变化
举例
与原形相同
hit-hit-hit
hurt-hurt-hurt
在原形后加t或d
learn-learnt-learnt
hear-heard-heard
原形中的元音字母有变化
get-got-got
sit-sat-sat
原形中的辅音字母有变化
make-made-made
spill-spilt-spilt
原形中的元音、辅音字母都有变化
feel-felt-felt
smell-smelt-smelt
有些动词的过去分词和过去式的变化形式不同,其变化情况大致分类如下:
变化
举例
与原形相同
come-came-come
run-ran-run
原形中的元音字母有变化
ring-rang-rung
sing-sang-sung
在原形上加en
eat-ate-eaten
fall-fell-fallen
在原形上加n
see-saw-seen
give-gave-given
在过去式上加n
steal-stole-stolen
break-broke-broken
原形,过去式和过去分词词形差异较大
do-did-done
go-went-gone
一、单项选择(本大题共30小题,每小题20分,共60分)
1.(23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中)Most young people ________ online with a mobile recently.
A.are used to paying B.have been used to paying
C.have used to pay D.used to pay
2.(23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中)Mr. Howard thought Jean ________ present her science project yesterday, but she ________ it up to now.
A.was going to; didn’t finish B.was going to; hasn’t finished
C.would; didn’t finish D.would; hasn’t finished
3.(22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)—It’ s raining! When did it start?
—I don’t know. In fact, it ________ all the afternoon.
A.lasts B.lasted C.has lasted D.will last
4.(23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中)—What changes ________ in your lives?
—Our lives have changed a lot.
A.have there had B.has there been C.have there been D.has there had
5.(23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中)—________ you ________ the book ________ to the library?
—Yes, I have.
A.Have; returned; / B.Have; returned; back
C.Did; return; / D.Did; return; back
6.(22-23八年级下·江苏泰州·期中)—How long ________ your English teacher ________ this school?
—For less than fifteen years.
A.has; arrived at B.has; reached C.did; get to D.has; taught in
7.(23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习)In the past five years, great changes ________ in Nanjing.
A.take place B.took place
C.have taken place D.have been taken place
8.(23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习)Mike has been ill ________ a long time. He has been in hospital ________ October.
A.since; for B.since; since C.for; for D.for; since
9.(23-24八年级下·江苏常州·阶段练习)—I can’t find my book, Mum. ________ you ________ it anywhere?
—I _________ it on your bed just now.
A.Did, see; saw B.Did, see; have seen C.Have, seen; saw D.Have, seen; have seen
10.(23-24八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习)The sandstorm weather ________ in Beijing many times this year.
A.happens B.happened
C.has happened D.have happened
11.(22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期中)She ________ in Beijing, but she ________ the village life since she moved here four years ago.
A.used to living; has got used to B.used to living; has been used to
C.was used to live; has got used to D.used to live; has been used to
12.(23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习)—Have you been in Haimen for a long time?
—Yes, ________ the end of 2007.
A.at B.since C.for D.in
13.(22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)—It’s raining! When did it start?
—I don’t know. In fact, it ________ all the afternoon.
A.lasts B.lasted C.has lasted D.will last
14.(23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习)—Show me your homework right now, Daniel.
—I’m terribly sorry, Mr Wu. I _______ it at home.
A.left B.forgot C.have left D.have forgotten
15.(23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习)—Would you like to see the film YOLO with us?
—I’d love to! But I ________ it.
A.saw B.see C.will see D.have seen
16.(22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期中)—Must I go to the supermarket to buy milk now?
—No, you _________. I have already _________ some from our neighbour.
A.haven’t to; kept B.can’t; borrow
C.needn’t; borrowed D.mustn’t; borrow
17.(22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)—How long ________ your brother ________ a cold?
—For three days. I think he should go to see a doctor.
A.do; catch B.did; catch C.has; had D.has; caught
18.(22-23八年级下·江苏徐州·期中)It’s well-known that Xuzhou ________ the subway era over the years. Traffic is getting more and more convenient.
A.enters B.will enter C.has entered D.entered
19.(22-23八年级下·江苏泰州·期中)They left Xinghua ________ 2018. That means they have been away from Xinghua ________ 2018.
A.in; since B.in; in C.since; in D.since; since
20.(22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·期中)—How long have you lived here?
—________ the end of last year.
A.When B.Since C.For D.Before
21.(23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习)It has been two months _______ my family moved to Lianyungang.
A.for B.since C.because D.so
22.(23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习)—Have you ________ been to Nanjing, Han Mei?
—No, never. I plan to go there this summer holiday.
A.ever B.still C.yet D.already
23.(22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期中)Tom with his parents ________ quite a few places in China since last year.
A.will visit B.have visited C.has visited D.visited
24.(22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期中)—How often do you visit your grandparents, Lucy?
—Not quite often. It’s three months since I ________ them last time. I miss them very much.
A.have met B.meet C.met D.meeting
25.(22-23八年级下·江苏徐州·期中)—Do you know something about Deng Xiaolan?
—Yes, she ________ many children from Taihang Mountain and 44 children sang for 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A.is helping B.has helped C.helps D.will help
26.(22-23八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)—Why are the windows so dirty?
—Because we ________ them for a long time.
A.have cleaned B.haven’t cleaned C.didn’t clean D.don’t clean
27.(22-23八年级下·江苏泰州·期末)—Does Jim enjoy his stay in China?
—Yes. Not only Jim but also Lucy ________ quite a few wonderful cities since they came to China.
A.will visit B.visited C.has visited D.have visited
28.(2023·江苏南京·一模)—Why did Eddie leave in a hurry?
—I think there’s something wrong with him today. Look, he ________ his food.
A.isn’t touching B.doesn’t touch C.hasn’t touched D.didn’t touch
29.(22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·阶段练习)It’s the third time you ________ late for school this week.
A.were B.are C.had been D.have been
30.(22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习)The film A Plastic Ocean is so amazing that I ________ it twice.
A.watched B.have watched C.watch D.will watch
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
31.(23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中)She (realize) she is wrong at this matter, so she feels very sorry.
32.(23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中)Great changes (take) place in our city over the past ten years.
33.(23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)—Lily, can I borrow your bike?
—Sorry, I (lend) it to Jenny.
34.(23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中)Diana (translate) a few works by Canadian writers so far.
35.(23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中)Mrs Black (book) the room online, so they get everything ready for the trip now.
36.(23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中)—You’re Jack, right?
—Yes. But I’m sorry I (forget) your name.
37.(23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习)He (eat) up his food, but he still feels hungry.
38.(23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·阶段练习)Two years (pass) since I came to the school to teach English.
39.(23-24八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习)—Have you ever (ride) the most exciting roller coaster in America?
—Not yet.
40.(22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期中)The boy (realize) his problem and will take action right away to solve it.
三、翻译(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)
41.(23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末)自从结婚以来,他就住在城市的北部。
42.(23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末)自从我们认识以来,就一直保持联系。
43.(23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末)她已经下定决心为妇女平等权力而工作。
44.(22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末)近来我们已经习惯在线旅游。
45.(23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)自从九世纪晚期以来这个剧院就已经世界闻名了。
46.(23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中)自从我出生起,我就住在这里。
47.(23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)顺便说一下,我很久没有收到他的信件了。
48.(23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)自从她去澳大利亚出差,我们就没有见过彼此。
49.(23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·阶段练习)政府已经采取行动阻止工厂把废弃物倒入河中。(汉译英)
50.(23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习)现在,政府已经把镇中心的部分变成一座新公园。
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试卷第1页,共3页
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参考答案:
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
B
D
C
C
A
D
C
D
C
C
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
D
B
C
C
D
C
C
C
A
B
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
B
A
C
C
B
B
C
C
D
B
1.B
【详解】句意:最近,大多数年轻人已经习惯了用手机在线支付。
考查时态和动词短语。used to do过去常常做某事;be used to doing习惯做某事。根据“recently”可知,该句应用现在完成时,排除选项A和D;又结合语境可知,是指大多数年轻人已经习惯了用手机在线支付,故选B。
2.D
【详解】句意:霍华德先生原以为吉恩昨天会展示她的科学项目成果,但到目前为止她还没有完成。
考查动词时态。be going to含有“计划、准备”的意思,而will没有。根据“Mr. Howard thought”可知,宾语从句为霍德华先生的想法,而非吉恩的计划,所以排除选项A和B。又根据时间状语“up to now”直到现在,可知用现在完成时。故选D。
3.C
【详解】句意:——下雨了!从什么时候开始的?——我不知道。事实上,它已经持续了整个下午。
考查动词时态。lasts持续,一般现在时;lasted一般过去时;has lasted现在完成时;will last一般将来时。根据“In fact, it…all the afternoon.”可知已经持续了整个下午。需用现在完成时,故选C。
4.C
【详解】句意:——你的生活发生了哪些变化?——我们的生活发生了很大变化。
考查there be句型的完成时态结构。根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“生活中有……”,英语中应该用there be句型,而回答用的是完成时,所以这里也用完成时,there be句型的完成时的结构是:there have/ has been,而句中的名词是changes,是复数名词,所以这里应该用have,疑问句要把have提前,变成have there been的结构。故选C。
5.A
【详解】句意:——你把书还给图书馆了吗?——是的,我还了。
考查现在完成时和动词用法。根据return“归还”,give back“归还”,所以排除B、D,根据yet可知用现在完成时态。故选A。
6.D
【详解】句意:——你的英语老师在这所学校教了多长时间了?——不到15年。
考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据答语“For less than fifteen years.”可知,问句时态应用现在完成时,构成形式为:have/has done,一般疑问句将have/has提到主语之前,故排除C项;且句中的动词应用延续性动词,而arrived at“到达”和reached“到达”均为非延续性动词,taught“教”是延续性动词,故排除A、B项。故选D。
7.C
【详解】句意:在过去的五年里,南京发生了巨大的变化。
考查时态。take place发生,一般现在时,主语为复数;took place发生,一般过去时;have taken place已经发生,现在完成时;have been taken place已经被举行,现在完成时被动语态。根据“In the past five years”可知,过去五年里,在南京,变化已经发生,时态为现在完成时,主语为great changes,复数,谓语用“have+过去分词”的结构,taken为take的过去分词。故选C。
8.D
【详解】句意:Mike已经生病很长一段时间了。他从十月以来就在住院。
考查现在完成时。since自从;for后接一段时间。根据“has been ill”可知a long time表示一段时间,其前应用介词for;October是时间点,其前应用since。故选D。
9.C
【详解】句意:——我找不到我的书了,妈妈。你在什么地方见过吗?——我刚才看到它在你床上。
考查动词时态。第一个空,根据句意可知,是问“你现在是否知道它所处的地点”,是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果,应用现在完成时,其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词;第二个空,具体强调看见这一动作发生的时间,且句中的just now为一般过去时的标志,因此应用一般过去时态。故选C。
10.C
【详解】句意:今年在北京发生了几次沙尘暴天气。
考查时态。根据“many times”可知句子用现在完成时,主语是The sandstorm weather,助动词用has。故选C。
11.D
【详解】句意:她过去住在北京,但自从四年前搬到这里以来,她已经习惯了农村生活。
考查动词短语和时态。used to do sth过去常常做某事;be/get used to doing sth习惯做某事;be used to do sth被用来做某事。根据but可判断,前半句介绍过去的事情,第一空填used to live。后半句表示习惯做的事情,since+一般过去时的从句,主句用现在完成时,且动词要用延续性动词,be used to doing sth是延续性动词,故选D。
12.B
【详解】句意:——你来海门很久了吗?——是的,从2007年底开始。
考查介词辨析。at后跟具体时刻;since自从;for后跟一段时间;in后跟某年某月某季节等。根据“Have you been”可知,句子是现在完成时,且空后是时间点,所以应用since,故选B。
13.C
【详解】句意:——下雨了!从什么时候开始的?——我不知道。事实上,已经持续了整个下午。
考查动词的时态。lasts持续,一般现在时的三单形式;lasted一般过去时;has lasted现在完成时;will last一般将来时。根据“In fact, it…all the afternoon.”可知已经持续了整个下午。需用现在完成时,故选C。
14.C
【详解】句意:——丹尼尔,现在给我看看你的作业。——非常抱歉,吴老师。我把它忘在家里了。
考查动词辨析和动词的时态。leave遗忘,常用“leave sth.+地点”的结构;forget表示“遗忘”时,不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用。根据“it at home”可知,此处应用动词leave,排除选项B和D。结合语境和“Show me your homework right now, Daniel”可知,此处表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响,现在拿不出作业,所以应用现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”,主语为I,助动词用have,故选C。
15.D
【详解】句意:——你想和我们一起看电影《热辣滚烫》吗?——我很乐意!但我已经看过了。
考查时态。根据“I’d love to! But I...it”可知转折词后表示自己已经看过这部电影了,表示过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。
16.C
【详解】句意:——我现在必须去超市买牛奶吗?——不,你不需要。我已经从邻居那里借了一些。
考查情态动词和动词时态。haven’t to错误形式;can’t不能;needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;kept保留;borrow借,原形;borrowed借,过去分词。根据“Must I”可知否定回应应用“needn’t”;第二空结合“have already…some from our neighbour”可知是已经借了一些牛奶,原句是现在完成时,此空应填动词的过去分词形式。故选C。
17.C
【详解】句意:——你弟弟感冒多久了?——三天。我想他应该去看医生。
考查现在完成时。根据“How long…your brother…a cold?”以及“For three days.”可知句子用现在完成时,且一段时间要与持续性动词一起连用,had是持续性动词,caught是短暂性动词,所以空格处填has;had。故选C。
18.C
【详解】
句意:众所周知,徐州这些年已经进入了地铁时代。交通越来越方便。
考查动词的时态。enters进入,一般现在时;will enter将会进入,一般将来时;has entered已经进入,现在完成时;entered进入了,一般过去时。根据句意可知,徐州进入地铁时代是已经发生过的事情,其带来的影响是人们的生活正变得越来越方便,由此可知,句子时态应用现在完成时,其结构为:have/has+动词的过去分词,结合主语是Xuzhou,所以谓语动词要用单数形式。故选C。
19.A
【详解】句意:他们于2018年离开兴化。那意味着自从2018年他们就离开了兴化。
考查介词。in在某年/月/季节;since自从。根据“left Xinghua ... 2018”可知,空一处时态为一般过去时,用in+年份;根据“they have been away from Xinghua ... 2018.”可知,空二处时态是现在完成时,用since+时间点,表示自从2018年以来他们就离开了兴化。故选A。
20.B
【详解】句意:——你在这里住了多久了?——自去年年底以来。
考查从属连词词义辨析。When当……时;Since自……以来;For因为;Before在……以前。根据问句中“have ... lived”为现在完成时态及空后“the end of last year”为一个时间点可知,此处应用since。故选B。
21.B
【详解】句意:自从我家搬到连云港已经两个月了。
考查连词辨析。for因为,为了,后面加原因;since自从,后面加时间;because因为,后面加原因;so所以,后面加结果。根据“has been”可知,这里是现在完成时,指自从我家搬到连云港已经两个月了。结构是:It has been+一段时间+since“自……以来已有多长时间了”。故选B。
22.A
【详解】句意:——韩梅,你去过南京吗?——没有,从来没有。我计划这个暑假去那里。
考查副词辨析。ever曾经;still仍然;yet仍然,还;already已经。根据“Have you ... been to Nanjing, Han Mei?”可知,此处指是否曾去过南京,一般疑问句中用ever。故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:自去年以来,汤姆和他的父母参观了中国的许多地方。
考查现在完成时。根据since last year可知句子时态是现在完成时,结构是have/has done,主语Tom with his parents符合“就远原则”,由Tom决定主语是三单,故助动词用has。故选C。
24.C
【详解】句意:——露西,你多久去看望你的祖父母一次?——不经常去。我上次见到他们已经三个月了。我非常想念他们。
考查时态。“It’s+时间段+since从句”,表示“自从……已有……”,since后加一般过去时的从句,故此处用过去式。故选C。
25.B
【详解】句意:——你知道邓小岚吗?——是的,她帮助了许多太行山的孩子,44个孩子为2022年冬奥会唱歌。
考查动词时态。根据“many children from Taihang Mountain and 44 children sang for 2022 Winter Olympic Games.”可知,强调对现在的影响,用现在完成时have/has done的结构。故选B。
26.B
【详解】句意:——为什么窗户这么脏?——因为我们很久没有清洗过了。
考查动词时态。have cleaned现在完成时;haven’t cleaned现在完成时,否定;didn’t clean过去时,否定;don’t clean现在时,否定。根据“Why are the windows so dirty”可知因为我们很久没有清洗过了,根据for a long time可知本句用现在完成时。故选B。
27.C
【详解】句意:——吉姆喜欢待在中国吗?——是的。自从他们来到中国以来,不仅吉姆,露西还参观了许多很棒的城市。
考查时态和主谓一致。根据“since...”可知句子用现在完成时“have/has done”;not only...but also连接的成分作主语时,遵循就近原则,根据“Lucy”可知助动词用has。故选C。
28.C
【详解】句意:——为什么艾迪匆匆忙忙地离开了?——我认为他今天一定有问题。看,他还没有碰他的食物。
考查动词的时态。根据“ Look, he...his food.”可知,应该用现在完成时。故选C。
29.D
【详解】句意:这是本周的第三次你上学迟到。
考查时态。句型“it is+序数词+time+that从句”表示“第几次……”,从句时态应用现在完成时。故选D。
30.B
【详解】句意:电影《塑料海洋》太棒了,我都看了两遍了。
考查动词时态。根据“I ... it twice.”可知,句子应用现在完成时。故选B。
31.has realized
【详解】句意:她已经意识到她在这件事情上错了,因此,她感到很难过。结合语境可知此句要用现在完成时态has/have done。主语she,谓语动词用has,故填has realized。
32.have taken
【详解】句意:在过去十年里我们城市发生了巨大变化。根据“over the past ten years”可知,该句为现在完成时,主语great changes为复数,故填have taken.
33.have lent
【详解】句意:——Lily,我可以借你的自行车吗?——抱歉,我已经把它借给Jenny了。根据“Sorry”可知自行车已经借给了Jenny,句子应用现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,主语为I,助动词用have,lend的过去分词为lent。故填have lent。
34.has translated
【详解】句意:到目前为止Diana已经翻译了几部加拿大作家的作品。根据“so far”可知,时态为现在完成时,结构为have/has+过去分词,主语“Diana”为第三人称单数,助动词用has,translate的过去分词为translated。故填has translated。
35.has booked
【详解】句意:布莱克夫人已经在网上预订了房间,所以他们现在已经为旅行做好一切准备。根据“so they get everything ready for the trip now”可知,他们已经为旅行做好一切准备,所以此处是强调布莱克夫人预订房间对现在造成的影响,应用现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”,主语为Mrs Black,助动词用has,故填has booked。
36.have forgotten
【详解】句意:——你是杰克,对吧?——是的。但很抱歉我忘记了你的名字。根据“But I’m sorry I…(forget) your name.”和语境可知,指已经忘记对方的名字了,对现在造成了影响。此句应用现在完成时,结构为have/has done。主语是第一人称单数,助动词用have。故填have forgotten。
37.has eaten
【详解】句意:他已经把食物吃光了,但他仍然觉得饿。根据“up his food, but he still feels hungry.”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时,主语是He,助动词用has。故填has eaten。
38.has passed
【详解】句意:我来这所学校教英语已经两年了。since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,谓语动词由“have/has+过去分词”构成。主语two years是一段时间,是一个整体,看作是第三人称单数,助动词用has,pass的过去分词是passed。故填has passed。
39.ridden
【详解】句意:——你有没有坐过美国最刺激的过山车?——还没有。此处用过去分词ridden和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填ridden。
40.has realized
【详解】句意:这个男孩已经意识到自己的问题,并将立即采取行动解决它。根据“and will take action right away to solve it”可知,此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,所以用现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数形式,助动词用has,后跟realize的过去分词realized。故填has realized。
41.He has lived in the northern part of the city since he got married.
【详解】根据汉语意思可知,此句为肯定句,包含since引导的时间状语从句,从句应用一般过去时,主句应用现在完成时。he“他”,人称主格作主句主语;live“居住”,主句应用现在完成时,构成为have/ has done,he为人称单数形式,因此用has lived;in the northern part of the city“城市的北部”;since“自从”;get married“结婚”,从句应用一般过去时,因此用got married。故填He has lived in the northern part of the city since he got married.
42.We have kept in touch with each other since we met.
【详解】 自从:since;我们:we;认识:meet;一直和……保持联系:keep in touch with;互相:each other。根据题意,主句时态应用现在完成时(have/has done),主语是第一人称复数,助动词用have。从句时态应用一般过去时。故填We have kept in touch with each other since we met.
43.She has made up her mind to work for the equal rights of (girls and) women.
【详解】根据句意可知,句子时态为现在完成时have/has done;她:she,作主语,置于句首需大写首字母;主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has;下定决心做某事:make up one’s mind to do sth.;为……而工作:work for;……的平等权力:the equal rights of;妇女:(girls and) women。故填She has made up her mind to work for the equal rights of (girls and) women.
44.We have been used to travelling online recently.
【详解】我们:We;习惯做某事:be used to doing sth.;旅游:travel,此处位于be used to后应用travelling;在线上online;近来recently,作时间状语,位于句末。根据汉语可知句子应用现在完成时,主语是复数,助动词用have,be动词用过去分词been。故答案为:We have been used to travelling online recently.
45.The theatre has been world-famous since the late ninth/9th century.
【详解】自从:since;九世纪晚期:the late ninth/9th century;这个剧院:the theatre;世界闻名:be world-famous。结合语境可知,时态是现在完成时,结构是:have/has+动词过去分词,主语the theatre表示单数,所以助动词用has,be动词变成been。故填The theatre has been world-famous since the late ninth/9th century.
46.I have lived here since I was born.
【详解】自从since,引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,我I,作主语;出生be born,一般过去时,be动词用was;住在这里live here,现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词,主语是I,助动词用have,live的过去分词为lived。故填I have lived here since I was born.
47.By the way, I haven’t received his letter for a long time./By the way, I haven’t heard from him for a long time.
【详解】by the way“顺便说一下”;I“我”;for a long time“很久”;receive his letter/hear from him“收到他的信件”;句中时态为现在完成时(have/has done),主语为I,助动词使用have,其后加not构成否定句,have not可缩写为haven’t。故填By the way, I haven’t received his letter for a long time./By the way, I haven’t heard from him for a long time.
48.We haven’t seen each other since she went to Australia on business.
【详解】自从:since;她:she,作主语;去澳大利亚:go to Australia;出差:on business;我们:we,作主语;见过彼此:see each other。从句的动作“去出差”发生在过去,用一般过去时,go的过去式是went;since+一般过去时的从句,其主句用现在完成时;主语we是第一人称复数形式,助动词用have,see的过去分词是seen。故填We haven’t seen each other since she went to Australia on business.
49.The government has taken action to stop factories from pouring waste into the river.
【详解】根据语境可知该句用现在完成时。政府:government;采取行动:take action;阻止某人做某事:stop sb from doing sth;倒入:pour into;河:river。故填The government has taken action to stop factories from pouring waste into the river.
50.Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.
【详解】现在:now;政府:government;把……变成……:turn...into...;镇中心的部分:part of town centre;新公园:new park。结合题干可知,句子为陈述句肯定形式,时态为现在完成时,now“现在”,位于句首,作状语,句首首字母n需大写,主语为the government,单数,表特指,谓语用“has+过去分词”的结构,turned为动词turn的过去分词,part of the town centre表示“镇中心的部分”,介词into后接名词短语,a new park表示“一个新公园”,表泛指。故填Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.
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