Unit 2 Topic 2 Section D 导学案 2024-2025学年仁爱科普版八年级英语上册

课题 仁爱版八上英语 unit 2topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking. Section D导学案 学习目标 1. 掌握情态动词 must/mustn't, may, can 的用法。 2. 理解并能运用与保持健康相关的词汇和句型。 3. 能够根据所学知识完成相关练习，提高语言综合运用能力。 学习重难点 1. 重点 情态动词 must/mustn't, may, can 的正确运用。 与健康话题相关的词汇和表达方式。 2. 难点 区分不同情态动词在语境中的含义和用法。 运用所学知识进行书面表达，描述如何保持健康。 学习过程 （一）预习导学 1. 预习课本 Sections A-C 的内容，尝试理解文章大意。 2. 复习情态动词 must, may, can 的基本用法。 （二）课堂探究 1. 词汇与短语 （1）litter [ˈlɪtə(r)] 垃圾，废弃物 例如：Don't throw litter everywhere.（不要到处扔垃圾。） （2）relax [rɪˈlæks] 放松，休息 例如：I like to relax by listening to music.（我喜欢通过听音乐来放松。） （3）cause [kɔːz] 导致，引起 例如：Smoking can cause many diseases.（吸烟会导致很多疾病。） （4）cancer [ˈkænsə(r)] 癌症 例如：Lung cancer is a serious disease.（肺癌是一种严重的疾病。） （5）be bad for 对......有害 例如：Eating too much junk food is bad for your health.（吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。） 2. 语法：情态动词（II） （1）must / mustn't must 表示“必须”，强调主观上的必要性和义务。例如：You must finish your homework on time.（你必须按时完成作业。） mustn't 表示“禁止，不许”，语气比较强烈。例如：You mustn't play football on the road.（你不许在马路上踢足球。） （2）may may 表示“可能，也许”，表示推测或可能性较小的情况。例如：It may rain tomorrow.（明天可能会下雨。） may 还可以用于请求许可，语气比较委婉。例如：May I come in?（我可以进来吗？） （3）can can 表示“能，会”，表示能力或可能性。例如：I can speak English.（我会说英语。） can 也可以用于请求许可，语气比 may 更随便。例如：Can I use your pen?（我能用一下你的笔吗？） 3. 句子分析 （1）You mustn't throw litter around. （你不许到处扔垃圾。） “mustn't”表示禁止，强调不允许做某事。 （2）He thinks smoking may help him relax. （他认为吸烟可能会帮助他放松。） “may”在这里表示可能性较小的推测。 （3）It may even cause cancer. （它甚至可能会导致癌症。） “may”表示“可能”，“even”加强了可能性的程度。 （4）I must ask him to give up smoking. （我必须让他戒烟。） “must”表示强烈的主观意愿，“give up”是“放弃”的意思。 4. 文本理解 Read through Sections A-C and fill in the blanks with the correct words. 1. You ___ throw litter around. （mustn't） 2. He thinks smoking ___ help him relax. （may） 3. It even cause cancer. （may） 4. I ___ ask him to give up smoking. （must） 5. May I borrow your newspaper and show it to my father? （May） （三）巩固练习 一、单项选择 1. You ___ play football in the street. It's dangerous. A. mustn't B. may C. can 2. —___ I use your dictionary? —Sure. Here you are. A. Must B. May C. Need 3. Smoking ___ be bad for your health. A. must B. may C. can 4. He ___ come tomorrow. I'm not sure. A. may B. must C. can 5. You ___ hand in your homework on time. A. must B. may C. can 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. We must ___ (keep) our classroom clean. 2. You may ___ (go) shopping with your mother. 3. He can ___ (swim) very well. 4. Smoking must ___ (stop) in public places. 5. May I ___ (borrow) your pen? 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 熬夜对你的健康有害。 Staying up late ___ ___ ___ your health. 2. 不要在太阳下看书。 Don't read ___ ___ ___. 3. 它会让你在白天保持清醒。 It will keep you ___ during the day. 4. 我们应该经常洗澡。 We should ___ ___ often. 5. 我们不应该吃太多垃圾食品。 We ___ ___ too much junk food. （四）拓展提升 阅读理解 Some people think that smoking can help them relax. In fact, smoking is really unhealthy. Do you know that there are over 4,000 chemicals in cigarettes? These chemicals are bad for our bodies. They can cause cancer and other diseases. The smoke from cigarettes harms not only smokers but other people. It's called “second-hand smoke” and it can be more dangerous and has higher risks. Smokers shouldn't use smoking to help them relax. They must give up smoking as soon as possible. 1. Smoking is ___. A. healthy B. unhealthy C. good for relaxing 2. There are ___ chemicals in cigarettes. A. less than 4,000 B. over 4,000 C. 4,000 3. The smoke from cigarettes can ___. A. only harm smokers B. only harm other people C. harm both smokers and other people 4. “Second-hand smoke” is ___. A. less dangerous B. more dangerous C. not dangerous 5. Smokers must ___. A. go on smoking B. give up smoking C. smoke less 写作训练 Testing How Healthy You Are 1. Choose the answer to each question according to your lifestyle. How often do you walk to school? A. Never. B. Sometimes. C. Always. 2.How often do you eat candy? A. Often. B. Seldom. C. Never. 3.How long do you usually sleep at night? A. Less than 7 hours. B. More than 10 hours. C. 7 10 hours. 4. How often do you exercise? A. Less than three times a week. B. Three to six times a week. C. Every day. 5.How often do you eat fruit and vegetables? A. Never. B. Seldom. C. Often. 6. How long do you watch TV every day? A. More than 4 hours. B. 2 4 hours. C. Less than 2 hours. Scores: A = 1 point B = 2 points C = 3 points Total score: ___ Conclusion: What you should do to keep healthy 2. Write a passage about how to keep healthy. You may use the questions above as a guide. 参考范文 How to Keep Healthy Health is very important for us. To keep healthy, we should do the following things. First of all, we should have a balanced diet. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less junk food. Candy is sweet but we should seldom eat it. Secondly, we should get enough sleep. It's good for us to sleep 7 10 hours every night. Staying up late is bad for our health. Thirdly, we should do exercise regularly. We can exercise every day or at least three to six times a week. Also, we should walk to school if possible. It's a good way to keep fit. Finally, we should limit the time we spend watching TV. We'd better watch TV less than 2 hours a day. In a word, if we follow these suggestions, we can keep healthy and enjoy a happy life. 四、课堂小结 1. 总结情态动词 must/mustn't, may, can 的用法。 2. 强调保持健康的重要性以及如何在日常生活中保持健康。 五、课后作业 1. 复习本节课所学内容，整理笔记。 2. 完成课本上的相关练习题。 3. 写一篇关于保持健康的短文，不少于 80 词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$