Unit 3（知识清单） -2024-2025学年英语六年级下册单元速记·巧练系列（人教PEP版）

Unit 3 Where did you go? 知 识 归 纳 必记单词 四会 went(go的过去式)去 camp 野营 fish钓鱼;捕鱼 rode(ride的过去式)骑(马;自行车) hurt(hurt的过去式)(使)受伤 ate(eat的过去式)吃 took(take的过去式)拍照 bought(buy 的过去式)买 gift礼物 三会 fell(fall的过去式)摔倒 off从(某处)落下 mule 骡子 Turpan吐鲁番 could(can的过去式)能 till 直到 beach海滩;沙滩 basket 篮;筐 part 角色 laughed(laugh 的过去式)笑 licked(lick的过去式)舔 常考短语 a phone call from Amy来自埃米的电话 make her happy 使她开心 hurt my foot 弄伤我的脚 Labour Day劳动节 dressed up 装扮 look like a mule看起来像头骡子 go to Turpan去吐鲁番 fell off摔下;掉下 rode a bike骑自行车 went camping(尤指在假日)野营 rode a horse 骑马 went fishing 去钓鱼 by spaceship 乘坐宇宙飞船 lots of 许多 meet at school 在学校见面 bought gifts买礼物 winter holiday 寒假 be far from 距……遥远 by plane 乘坐飞机 took pictures 照相 went swimming 去游泳 ate fresh food 吃新鲜的食物 on the moon在月亮上 how much 多少钱 sat in a basket 坐在篮子里 played the part of 扮演⋯的角色 made a funny play 演一出滑稽的戏 on the front of the bike在自行车的前面 went to a forest park去了一个森林公园 必会句型 1.询问某人在过去某个时间去了哪里的问句及其答句： —Where did+主语+ go +时间状语? —主语+ went(to)+地点. —Where did you go last Saturday? 你上周六去了哪里? —I went to a forest park.我去了一个森林公园。 2.询问某人是否去过某地的问句及其答句： —Did+主语+ go(to)+地点? —Yes,主语+ did./ No,主语+ didn't. —Did you go to Turpan? 你们去吐鲁番了吗? —Yes, we did.是的,去了。 3.询问某人过去去某地所采用的交通工具的问句及其答句： —How did +主语+ go(to)+地点? —主语+ went there by +交通工具. —How did you go there? 你们怎么去的? —We went there by plane.我们坐飞机去的。 核心语法 1.一般过去时的用法(二)：一般过去时的四种句型结构 (1)肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他. I played the piano yesterday.我昨天弹钢琴了。 (2)否定句：主语+ did + not+动词原形+其他. I didn't play football yesterday.我昨天没有踢足球。 (3)一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他? Did you go to school yesterday? 你昨天去上学了吗? (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ did +主语+动词原形+其他? What did you do last weekend?你上周末干什么了? 2.动词过去式的不规则变化 考 点 速 记 [考点1] 一般过去时的用法(二) You didn't come to school. What happened? 你是没来学校的。发生了什么事? Where did you go?你去哪儿了？ 一、含有 be动词的一般过去时的四种句型结构 1.肯定句句型结构：主语+ was/ were+其他.例: I was very happy yesterday.我昨天很高兴。 2.否定句句型结构：主语+ was/ were+ not+其他.例: They weren't at home last night.昨晚他们不在家。 3.一般疑问句句型结构：Was/ Were+主语+其他? 肯定回答: Yes,人称代词+ was/ were. 否定回答: No,人称代词+ wasn't/ weren't.例: —Was Kate in the bedroom just now?刚才凯特在卧室吗? —No, she wasn't.不,她不在。 4.特殊疑问句句型结构：特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他?例: How was your last weekend? 你上周末过得怎么样? 二、含有行为动词的一般过去时的四种句型结构 1.肯定句句型结构：主语+动词过去式+其他.例： She cooked dinner for her parents last night.她昨天晚上给她的父母做了晚餐。 2.否定句句型结构：主语+ did+ not+动词原形+其他.例: I didn't have a Chinese class yesterday.我昨天没有语文课。 ★肯定句变否定句技巧：无论主语是第几人称，是单数形式还是复数形式，只需要在动词前加 did not/ didn't,其后的谓语动词用原形。 3.一般疑问句句型结构：Did+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答: yes,人称代词+ did. 否定回答: No,人称代词+ didn't.例: —Did you go to school yesterday?你昨天去上学了吗? —Yes,I did.是的,我去了。 注意： 含有实义动词的一般过去时的否定句和疑问句都应用助动词 do的过去式“did”来帮助完成。若句中含有情态动词，则疑问句中将情态动词提前，否定句中在情态动词后加 not。 4.特殊疑问句句型结构：特殊疑问词+ did+主语+动词原形+其他?例： —What did you do last weekend?你上周末干什么了? —I went swimming with my cousin.我和堂弟去游泳了。 提分练 一、用动词的适当形式填空。 1.—What ________(is) the weather like yesterday? —It ________(is) rainy. 2. There ________(are) lots of trees many years ago in my town. 3. I________(read) some interesting books in the library last weekend. 4. Tom ________(run) faster than me last Friday. 5. Sarah ________(see) a film about the spaceship last night. 提分练 二、单项选择。 ( )1.—Did you ________ pictures in Lhasa? —Yes,I did. A. take B. took C. taking ( )2. I went camping with friends ________. A. now B. every week C. yesterday ( )3. I rode a horse last Sunday. It ________ fun. A. are B. was C. were ( )4. My father didn't ________ tea with my grandma yesterday afternoon. A. drink B. drank C. drinking ( )5.—Where ________ you go over the summer holiday? —I went to Shanghai. A. are B. do C. did 提分练 三、连词成句。 1. rode, bike,I,a, Friday, last (.) ________________________________________________________ 2. you, go, yesterday, fishing, did (?) ________________________________________________________ 3. were, lots, horses, Tianshan, there, of, in(.) ________________________________________________________ 4. did, go, how, London, you, to (?) ________________________________________________________ 5. didn't, to, winter, Xinjiang, holiday, I, last, go(.) ________________________________________________________ 提分练 四、按要求完成句子。 1. I ate fresh food in Sanya.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ 2. I went to Sanya with my family last week.(对画线部分提问) ________________________________________________________ 3. Judy went to Sydney last summer holiday.(对画线部分提问) ________________________________________________________ 4. I cleaned my room yesterday.(改为否定句) ________________________________________________________ 5. Did Sam watch TV last night?(改为肯定句) ________________________________________________________ 提分练 五、用所给单词的正确形式填空，补全短文。 Mark Twain was a great American writer. He 1.________(be) very busy every day, and he often forgot(忘记) things. On a usual morning, he 2.________(take) the train to another city. When he 3.________(get) on the train, the conductor(列车长) 4. ________(ask) him to show his ticket. But he couldn't find it. The conductor 5. ________(know) him. So he 6. ________(say), “Don't worry! You can show it to me on your way back. "But Mark Twain said, "No! I must find it out. Or(否则) how can I know where I am going?” [考点2] 动词过去式的不规则变化 I fell off my bike and hurt my foot. 我从自行车上摔下来，伤了脚。 I saw lots of grapes and ate lots of mutton kebabs. 我看了很多葡萄，还吃了很多羊肉串。 解析：英语中的不规则动词是指其过去式和过去分词不遵循规则动词的-ed等形式，而是具有独特的、不规则的变化。 ➊ 不需要变化的动词。如： cut→cut cost→cost hurt→hurt let→let put→put read→read ❷ 需要改变元音字母的动词。如： drink→drank get→got hold→held dig(挖)→dug choose→chose ❸ 需要改变辅音字母的动词。如： build→built send→sent make→made ❹ 需要改变元音和辅音字母的动词。如： keep→kept tell→told speak→spoke take→took stand→stood ❺ 有两种变化形式的动词。 (1)词尾加 ed 或t。如: learn→learned/ learnt burn(燃烧)→burned/ burnt (2)词尾加 ed 或把 ell改为 elt。如: smell→smelled/ smelt spell→spelled/ spelt 提分练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. We ________(have) a big dinner with our family last Spring Festival. 2. Bobby ________(throw) a banana skin on the ground just now. 3. There ________(are) a lot of white clouds in the blue sky a moment ago. 4. Yang Ling ________(read) an interesting story yesterday evening. 提分练 二、把下列句子改成一般过去时。 1. I meet him on my way to school. ________________________________________________ 2. We take some photos during the trip. ________________________________________________ 3. He has a great time at the party. ________________________________________________ 4. They don't get good jobs. ________________________________________________ 参考答案 [考点1] 一、1. was; was 解析：根据“yesterday”可知该对话时态为一般过去时，is的过去式为 was。 2. were 解析：根据“many years ago”可知该句时态为一般过去时，are的过去式为 were。 3. read 解析：根据“last weekend”可知该句时态为一般过去时，read 的过去式仍为 read。 4. ran 解析：根据“last Friday”可知该句时态为一般过去时，run的过去式为 ran。 5. saw 解析：根据“last night”可知该句时态为一般过去时，see的过去式为 saw。 二、1. A 解析：以 Did开头的一般疑问句中的谓语动词用原形。 2. C 解析：根据“went camping”可知该句时态为一般过去时，所以时间状语用表示过去的 yesterday。 3. B 解析：根据“last Sunday”可知该句时态为一般过去时，且It为第三人称单数，所以 be动词用 was。 4. A解析：含有实义动词的一般过去时的否定句结构为“主语+ didn’t+动词原形+其他.”。 5. C 解析：根据“over the summer holiday”和“went”可知该句时态为一般过去时，助动词应用 did。 三、1. I rode a bike last Friday. 2. Did you go fishing yesterday? 3. There were lots of horses in Tianshan. 4. How did you go to London?5. I didn’t go to Xinjiang last winter holiday. 解析：解答此类题时先分析每个单词的词义，再结合标点符号，将单词根据相应的句式结构连成句子即可。 四、1. Did you eat fresh food in Sanya? No, I didn't.解析：含有实义动词的一般过去时的一般疑问句由助动词 did引导，过去式要改为原形, 否定回答结构为“No,主语+ didn't.”。 2. When did you go to Sanya with your family? 解析：画线部分为时间，所以用疑问词 when，特殊疑问句的句式为“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?”。 3. Where did Judy go last summer holiday? 解析：画线部分为地点，所以用疑问词 where，特殊疑问句的句式为“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?”。 4. I didn't clean my room yesterday. 解析：含有实义动词的一般过去时的否定句结构为“主语+ didn't+动词原形+其他.”。 5. Sam watched TV last night. 解析：一般过去时的肯定句结构为“主语+动词过去式+其他.”。 五、1. was 2. took 3. got 4. asked 5. knew 6. said 解析：马克·吐温是一个生活在过去的人，故文中描述的事情发生在过去，所填动词应该用过去式。 [考点2] 一、1. had 2. threw 3. were4. read 二、1. I met him on my way to school. 2. We took some photos during the trip. 3. He had a great time at the party. 4. They didn't get good jobs. 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$