精品解析：2025届上海市闵行区高三上学期质量调研（一模）英语试题

2024学年第一学期高三年级学业质量调研 英语学科 (考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分) I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank. I moved to a new city and took a job in marketing. ____1____ I initially felt uncertain about whether the marketing job was right for me, I soon realized it didn’t fulfill my need for purpose. I enjoyed doing things I found meaningful. As the months passed, I felt it just wasn’t ____2____ me. I needed to find a way out. A job advertisement for an editor for a new youth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was successful. My role was ____3____ (help) teams of young people edit their content and help them with their work, which involved ____4____ (guide) them through the editing process and providing support for their tasks. I ____5____ (assume) the magazine would be a mixture of games and boring reviews, so I was surprised when one of the first pieces written was about social welfare. Finally, I found something I was interested in. I felt a change in me straight away. I had a purpose again, when days ____6____ (lose) to discussing hot topics and reading the words of their strong and opinionated voices. ____7____ (invest) in their world, I could see myself making a difference to the team’s writing ability. As our website hits increased and the work shifted to reflect ____8____ our audiences wanted, I developed a greater understanding of what young people might want to read. The biggest change the job brought, though, was to my well-being. It is rare that you find ____9____ in a job you love, one that you are happy to go into each day. I was growing in this creative environment, inspired by the talented young people ____10____ careers I was helping to further. Now, I realize that there are jobs that will keep you happy, energetic, and inspired. 【答案】1. Although##While##Though 2. for 3. to help 4. guiding 5. had assumed 6. were lost 7. Invested 8. what 9. yourself 10. whose 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的职业转变经历。作者最初从事营销工作，但发现这份工作并不能满足自己的目标需求。后来，作者成功应聘了一家新青年杂志的编辑职位，这份工作让作者找到了自己的目标和兴趣所在，也让作者对年轻人的阅读习惯有了更深入的了解。 【1题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然我最初不确定这份营销工作是否适合我，但我很快意识到它并不能满足我的目标需求。结合语意可知，尽管最初作者不确定工作是否适合自己，但很快作者意识到了工作不能满足自己的需求，设空处应用连词although/while/though引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/While/Though。 【2题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着几个月的过去，我觉得它并不适合我。根据上文“ I soon realized it didn’t fulfill my need for purpose. I enjoyed doing things I found meaningful.”可知，作者意识到这份工作不适合自己，表示“适合”可用短语be for sb.。故填for。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我的职责是帮助年轻团队编辑他们的内容，并在他们的工作中帮助他们，这包括指导他们完成编辑过程，并为他们的任务提供支持。设空处用于was之后，作表语，表示“我的职责是去帮助年轻团队编辑他们的内容”，故使用动词不定式作表语。故填to help。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。involve doing sth为固定短语，意为“包括做某事”，此处使用动名词作宾语，与后文的providing构成并列关系。故填guiding。 【5题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我本以为这本杂志会是游戏和无聊评论的混合体，所以当第一篇关于社会福利的文章写出来时，我感到很惊讶。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句中would be和was可知，句子描述过去的动作，且结合语意，assume这一动作发生在过去的动作之前，即“过去的过去”，故使用过去完成时，表示“我本以为”。故填had assumed。 【6题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：当日子被用来讨论热门话题，阅读他们强烈而固执己见的话语时，我又有了目标。设空处使用动词作when引导时间状语从句的谓语动词，lose与逻辑主语days构成被动关系，且此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为days，be动词用were。故填were lost。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：投身于他们的世界，我可以看到自己给团队的写作能力带来了改变。句中could see为谓语动词，设空处作非谓语动词，此处invest与逻辑主语I构成被动关系，故使用过去分词形式作状语。句首单词首字母大写。故填Invested。 【8题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：随着我们网站点击量的增加，我们的工作也开始转向反映观众想要的内容，我对年轻人可能想读什么有了更深的理解。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少wanted的宾语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。 【9题详解】 考查代词。句意：你很少能在你热爱的工作中找到自己，一份你每天都乐意去做的工作。设空处与主语you一致，应使用反身代词作宾语，表示“你自己”。故填yourself。 【10题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我在这个充满创意的环境中成长，受到那些我帮助推动职业生涯的才华横溢的年轻人的启发。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词young people，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作定语，表示“年轻人的职业”，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. display B. features C. home D. peak E. timing F. mass G. equivalent H. favor I. extensive J. upsets K. distinction The Atacama Desert stretches along the coast of northern Chile, covering over 40,000 square miles of dry land. It has a reputation as the harshest desert in the world, although that ____11____ technically belongs to the Antarctica desert. In fact, some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded rainfall. Despite the severe conditions, the Atacama Desert is ____12____ to a surprising number of plant species, many of which have evolved to survive long periods of drought. These flowers lie inactive, coming to life in a breathtaking ____13____ that can stretch across thousands of square kilometers when conditions are favorable. This phenomenon is called a desert bloom. It occurs when infrequent rains cause a(n) ____14____ growth of seeds that have lain inactive in the soil for years. These seeds are capable of resisting extreme heat and extended dryness. The current flowering isn’t yet ____15____ enough to be regarded as a desert bloom, covering only a few hundred square kilometers. But here’s the strange thing: this phenomenon usually happens in the spring. Now, in Chile, it’s winter —— so it’s unusually early for something like this to happen. El Niño, a natural climate phenomenon that influences global weather, often plays a crucial role in the desert bloom. However, it is not yet confirmed whether it is to blame for the ____16____ of this bloom. This phenomenon ____17____ normal weather patterns, regularly bringing increased rainfall to regions that are typically dry. In the case of the Atacama desert, it can lead to occasional but significant rain events, which creates the perfect conditions for a desert bloom. The desert bloom ____18____ a collection of native flowers, each of which has adapted itself uniquely to the harsh environment. The current event, however, seems to ____19____ a specific purple flower that doesn’t need a lot of water and grows in sandy sites. At its ____20____, a desert bloom can include up to 200 species, showcasing the toughness of life in this unpleasant environment. 【答案】11. K 12. C 13. A 14. F 15. I 16. E 17. J 18. B 19. H 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了阿塔卡马沙漠这一地理现象，包括其作为世界上最严酷沙漠的声誉（尽管技术上这一称号属于南极洲沙漠）、其极端的气候条件、以及在这些条件下仍然能够生长的植物种类。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：它以世界上最严酷的沙漠而闻名，尽管严格来说，这一殊荣属于南极洲沙漠。本句是although引导的让步状语从句，从句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据句意，应是distinction意为“荣誉”符合语境。故选K项。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：尽管条件恶劣，阿塔卡马沙漠仍然是数量惊人的植物物种的家园，其中许多物种已经进化到能够在长期干旱中生存。根据句意，此处表达“沙漠仍然是数量惊人的植物物种的家园”之意，所以此处用固定搭配：be home to意为“为……的所在地”符合语境。故选C项。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些花处于静止状态，当条件有利时，它们会在数千平方公里的地方绽放出令人惊叹的生命。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是display意为“表现”符合语境。故选A项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当罕见的降雨导致在土壤中休眠多年的种子大量生长时，就会发生这种情况。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是mass意为“数量极多的”符合语境。故选F项。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：目前的开花还不够广泛，不足以被视为沙漠开花，仅覆盖了几百平方公里。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，应是extensive意为“广泛的”符合语境。故选I项。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，目前还不能确定这是否是这次开花时间的罪魁祸首。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是timing意为“时间的选择”符合语境。故选E项。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：这种现象扰乱了正常的天气模式，经常给通常干旱的地区带来降雨增加。本句缺少谓语，空处应填动词，根据句意，应是upset意为“打乱”符合语境，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故选J项。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：沙漠开花的特点是当地的花朵，每一个都适应了自己独特的恶劣环境。本句缺少谓语，空处应填动词，根据句意，应是feature意为“以……为特色”符合语境，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，目前的事件似乎有利于一种特殊的紫色花，这种花不需要大量的水，生长在多沙的地方。空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是favor意为“有利于”符合语境。故选H项。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：在其鼎盛时期，沙漠开花可以包括多达200个物种，展示了在这种不愉快的环境中生活的韧性。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是peak意为“顶峰”符合语境。故选D项。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Effective monitoring of endangered species is key to their survival. Studying the ___21___ , range, and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure their habitat remains free from development and illegal hunters. Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging (无线电标记). To do this, individual animals must at first be captured so that collars can be ___22___ . One organization that ___23___ this technique was WildTrack. In the late 1990s, the team was using radio-collars to monitor black rhinos (犀牛) in Namibia. However, the team soon realized that the chemicals used to immobilize the rhino to fit the collars ___24___ female fertility. Not only that but also a large proportion of the radio-collars ___25___ within the first 6 months and had to be replaced. ___26___ , as animals grew, the collars would tighten, annoying or even hurting them. The method was costly and had the unintended ___27___ of altering the rhinos’ behavior, making the collected data unreliable. At the same time, the team was working alongside local ___28___ . Animal tracking is one of the oldest human skills, and these experts have years of experience in identifying individual animals by their footprints. They could effectively create a true picture of individual rhinos’ activities without the use of any invasive (侵入的) techniques. Consequently, the team were interested to know whether the trackers’ knowledge could be effectively ___29___ a computerized technique for monitoring animal movement. Within each species, each individual has its own unique foot ____30____ . If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be ____31____ whenever it is sighted again. If that is done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a ____32____ of all, or at least a significant proportion of the individuals within the population. After that, conservationists can use it to identify an animal and its movements by its print. The data gathered can be used for a range of ____33____ , for example, to monitor biodiversity. WildTrack is currently using footprint identification technology in Greece to study the potential effect of a large highway construction through brown bear habitat. Identifying an animal from its footprint is not without its ____34____ , however, as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement. To account for these ____35____ , it is necessary to collect multiple tracks from each animal on a range of surfaces. 21. A. flexibility B. diet C. movement D. behavior 22. A. fixed B. updated C. removed D. examined 23. A. opposed B. developed C. promoted D. adopted 24. A. enhanced B. harmed C. tested D. ensured 25. A. lasted B. matched C. failed D. bent 26. A. Therefore B. However C. Likewise D. Moreover 27. A. consequence B. mistake C. cause D. target 28. A. programmers B. photographers C. trackers D. officials 29. A. compared to B. translated into C. integrated into D. classified into 30. A. features B. sizes C. colors D. shapes 31. A. copied B. recognized C. erased D. marked 32. A. budget B. schedule C. blueprint D. database 33. A. purposes B. experiments C. solutions D. services 34. A. limitations B. losses C. challenges D. concerns 35. A. variations B. signs C. factors D. standards 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效监测濒危物种的重要性，以及传统监测方法与现代技术（如无线电标记和脚印识别技术）在野生动物监测中的应用和挑战。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究野生动物的行动、活动范围和习性对于确保它们的栖息地免受开发和非法猎杀至关重要。A. flexibility灵活性；B. diet饮食；C. movement运动；D. behavior行为。根据空后“range, and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure their habitat remains free from development and illegal hunters.”以及“Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging(无线电标记).”可推测，本段讲述的是检测动物，由此可知空处指的是野生动物的活动。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为此，首先需要捕获单个动物，以便为它们佩戴项圈。A. fixed固定；B. updated更新；C. removed移除；D. examined检查。根据上文“Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging(无线电标记).”可知，传统的检测动物的方式包括无线电标记。由此可推测，首先要将动物捕获，然后给动物佩戴项圈，从而实现无线电检测故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：采用这种技术的组织之一是WildTrack。A. opposed反对；B. developed开发；C. promoted促进、提升；D. adopted采纳。根据下文“In the late 1990s, the team was using radio-collars to monitor black rhinos (犀牛) in Namibia.”可知，该组织采用了这种方法。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，团队很快意识到，用于使犀牛昏迷以便佩戴项圈的化学物质损害了雌性犀牛的生育能力。A. enhanced提高；B. harmed伤害；C. tested测试；D. ensured确保。根据上下文可知，这里指的是项圈的坏处。再根据空前的“the chemicals”可推测，这种化学物质损害了雌性犀牛的生育能力。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，有很大一部分无线电项圈在最初6个月内就失效了，不得不进行更换。A. lasted持续；B. matched匹配；C. failed失败、失效；D. bent弯曲。根据下文“had to be replaced”可知，无线电项圈6个月内就失效需要更换。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，随着动物的成长，项圈会收紧，令它们感到烦恼甚至受伤。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Likewise同样地；D. Moreover此外。根据上文可知，上文提到了项圈的坏处；而空后“as animals grew, the collars would tighten, annoying or even hurting them.”则进一步提出了项圈不好的方面。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法成本高昂，并产生了改变犀牛行为的意外后果，导致收集的数据不可靠。A. consequence后果；B. mistake错误；C. cause原因；D. target目标。根据空后“altering the rhinos’ behavior”可知，这种方法有改变犀牛行为的意外后果。而这样的结果则会导致收集的数据不可靠。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，该团队还与当地的追踪者合作。A. programmers程序员；B. photographers摄影师；C. trackers追踪者；D. officials官员。根据下文“Animal tracking is one of the oldest human skills, and these experts have years of experience in identifying individual animals by their footprints.”可知，该团队与当地的动物追踪者合作。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，该团队很想知道追踪者的知识是否可以被有效地转化为一种计算机化的技术，用于监测动物的活动。A. compared to与……相比；B. translated into翻译为、转化为；C. integrated into融合；D. classified into分类为。根据空前“the trackers’ knowledge”以及空后“a computerized technique for monitoring animal movement”可推测，空处指的是将追踪者的知识转化为计算机化的技术。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每个物种中，每个个体都有自己独特的脚部特征。A. features特征；B. sizes大小；C. colors颜色；D. shapes形状。根据下文“If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be ___11___ whenever it is sighted again.”可知，物种个体有独特的脚部特征。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一只动物被看到并识别过一次，并且其脚印的特征被适当地拍照和测量，那么每当它再次被看到时，其脚印就可以被识别出来。A. copied复制；B. recognized识别；C. erased擦除；D. marked标记。根据上文内容可知，物种个体有独特的脚部特征。再根据从句“If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured”可推测，既然每个物种个体有独特的脚部特征，那么一旦这个脚印被记录和保存，那么再被观察到时，其脚印可以被识别出。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这一步骤被反复进行，保护主义者就可以建立一个数据库，涵盖种群中全部或至少大部分个体的信息。A. budget预算；B. schedule时间表；C. blueprint蓝图；D. database数据库。根据上文内容可知，物种个体有独特的脚部特征。而不断地进行记录保存脚印，时间久了就可以建立数据库，从而涵盖种群中全部或至少大部分个体的信息。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：收集到的数据可以用于多种目的，例如监测生物多样性。A. purposes目的；B. experiments实验；C. solutions解决方法；D. services服务。根据下文“for example, to monitor biodiversity.”可知，数据可以用于多种目的。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，根据地面的类型、湿度以及动物的移动情况，每次动物将脚放在地上时，都会留下略有不同的脚印，因此，从脚印中识别动物并非没有挑战。A. limitations限制；B. losses损失；C. challenges挑战；D. concerns担忧。根据下文“as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement”可知，由于地面的类型、湿度以及动物的移动情况，每次动物将脚放在地上时，都会留下略有不同的脚印。由此可知，从脚印中识别动物是具有挑战性的。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了考虑这些变化，有必要在各种地面上从每只动物身上收集多个脚印。A. variations变化；B. signs迹象；C. factors因素；D. standards标准。根据上文“Identifying an animal from its footprint is not without its ___14___ , however, as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement.”可知，根据地面的类型、湿度以及动物的移动情况，每次动物将脚放在地上时，都会留下略有不同的脚印。因此为了考虑这些变化，有必要在各种地面上从每只动物身上收集多个脚印。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Back in her twenties, Linda Park was all about fashion. But she also started noticing something disturbing: the fashion industry was seriously hurting the environment. As she worked as a designer, she was shocked by the mountains of unsold clothes, fabrics that would hang around for decades, and the harmful dyes (染料) dumping into rivers. It hit her — if she was going to make a real difference, she’d have to roll up her sleeves (袖子) and tackle fashion’s waste problem herself. Every year, millions of tons of clothing are thrown aside, with almost half of it ending up in landfills. And here’s the kicker: most of it barely gets worn before it’s thrown away, thanks to the endless cycle of fast fashion. Park thought, “I can do better than this.” So, she pictured a new kind of store — one that wouldn’t just reduce waste but would also inspire people to make smarter, greener choices. In September 2020, Park launched GreenThread — her sustainable fashion dream came true. The store’s special touch? It sold upcycled clothing and fabric made from waste materials. Customers could bring in their old clothes and trade them for store credit, giving the items a second life. GreenThread’s clothes were a mix of repurposed fabrics and eco-friendly dyes, proving that sustainable fashion can be stylish. Now GreenThread’s clothes aren’t exactly cheap. A T-shirt might cost $25, while the same one at a regular store could be $15. But here’s the deal: people love the quality, the durability, and the fact that they’ re supporting an eco-friendly brand. It feels good to be part of the solution, right? When the pandemic (疫情) hit it wasn’t smooth sailing. But Park wasn’t ready to call it quits. She switched to an online model and started offering virtual style consultations. The response was awesome, and GreenThread’s fan base grew as more people realized the benefits of shopping sustainably. Park says the mission of her store goes beyond just selling clothes. “Each piece has its own story,” she smiles. “Customers can see how many lives a fabric has lived. It’s not just fashion; it’s a movement.” 36. ________ inspired Linda Park to start her business. A. A desire to promote eco-friendly dyes B. The high demand for recycled clothing C. The waste generated by the fashion industry D. Her background in sustainable design 37. The phrase “the kicker” in paragraph 2 most likely means ________. A the person kicking the football B. something unexpected and surprising C. the most exciting part of the situation D. the reason why fast fashion is successful 38. Which of the following best describes Park’s attitude towards her business? A. Optimistic and practical. B. Carefree and relaxed. C. Focused and cautious. D. Creative and determined. 39. According to the last paragraph, what do customers appreciate about GreenThread? A. The unique story and mission behind each piece. B. The emotional satisfaction of owning a unique piece. C. The chance to see how many times the fabric has been reused. D. The ability to trace the environmental impact of the material. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Linda Park因为注意到时尚产业对环境造成的严重伤害，决定亲自解决时尚产业的浪费问题，从而创立了GreenThread这家可持续时尚商店。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“But she also started noticing something disturbing: the fashion industry was seriously hurting the environment. As she worked as a designer, she was shocked by the mountains of unsold clothes, fabrics that would hang around for decades, and the harmful dyes (染料) dumping into rivers. It hit her — if she was going to make a real difference, she’d have to roll up her sleeves (袖子) and tackle fashion’s waste problem herself.(但她也开始注意到一些令人不安的事情：时装业正在严重损害环境。当她做设计师的时候，她被堆积如山的未售出的衣服、可以存放几十年的面料和流入河流的有害染料震惊了。她突然意识到，如果她真的想有所作为，她就必须卷起袖子，亲自解决时尚界的浪费问题)”可知，Linda Park开始注意到时尚产业对环境造成的严重伤害，特别是看到大量未售出的衣服和有害染料被倒入河流中，这让她决定亲自解决时尚产业的浪费问题。因此，是时尚产业产生的浪费激励了Linda Park开始她的生意。故选C。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Every year, millions of tons of clothing are thrown aside, with almost half of it ending up in landfills. (每年，数百万吨的衣服被扔到一边，其中近一半最终进入垃圾填埋场)”可知，每年有数百万吨的衣物被丢弃，其中几乎一半最终被填埋。同时根据划线词后的内容“most of it barely gets worn before it’s thrown away, thanks to the endless cycle of fast fashion.(由于快时尚的无限循环，大部分衣服几乎没穿就被扔掉了。)”可知，由于快速时尚的无限循环，大部分衣物在被丢弃前几乎没有被穿过，推测划线部分the kicker指的是令人惊讶和意外的情况，B选项“something unexpected and surprising (令人惊讶和意外的事情)”与划线词意思相近。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“ So, she pictured a new kind of store — one that wouldn’t just reduce waste but would also inspire people to make smarter, greener choices.(因此，她设想了一种新型的商店——一种不仅能减少浪费，还能激励人们做出更聪明、更环保的选择的商店)”、第三段中“In September 2020, Park launched GreenThread — her sustainable fashion dream came true. (2020年9月，Park推出了GreenThread——她的可持续时尚梦想实现了)”以及根据倒数第二段中“When the pandemic (疫情) hit, it wasn’t smooth sailing. But Park wasn’t ready to call it quits. She switched to an online model and started offering virtual style consultations.( 当大流行来袭时，并不是一帆风顺的。但Park并不打算就此放弃。她转向了在线模式，并开始提供虚拟造型咨询)”可知，文章对Linda Park的描述，她不仅注意到了时尚产业的环境问题，而且亲自采取行动，创立了一家名为GreenThread的可持续时尚商店。她在疫情期间也没有放弃，而是转向线上模式并提供虚拟风格咨询。这表明她对自己的业务既富有创意又充满决心。因此，选项D“Creative and determined (有创造力和决心的)”最能描述Park对她的事业的态度。故选D。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Park says the mission of her store goes beyond just selling clothes. “Each piece has its own story,” she smiles. “Customers can see how many lives a fabric has lived. It’s not just fashion; it’s a movement.”(Park说，她的店的使命不仅仅是卖衣服。“每件作品都有自己的故事，”她微笑着说。“顾客可以看到一种面料经历了多少生命。这不仅仅是时尚；这是一场运动。”)”可知，Park表示她的商店的使命不仅仅是卖衣服，每件作品都有自己的故事。顾客可以看到一块布料经历了多少生命，这不仅仅是时尚，而是一场运动。这表明顾客欣赏GreenThread的是每件作品背后的独特故事和使命。因此，选项A“The unique story and mission behind each piece (每件作品背后的独特故事和使命)”符合题意。故选A。 (B) Li Lin, a senior high 3 student, is preparing an argumentative essay on sea exploration. He has collected some texts for reference, two of which are shown below for his writing. Text 1 Exploring the sea usually means exploiting it, which has caused numerous problems and will continue to cause more. More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons (加仑) of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also harmful, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water. Mining for resources is damaging, especially in the Arctic. Climate change has led to less ice, which means we can look for more fossil fuels(化石燃料) further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more, thus worsening this negative cycle. Whales and dolphins are also overfished for their meat or for research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy. The sea stretches out immeasurably but it is more sensitive than we think. If we don’t protect it, future generations will not forgive us. Text 2 To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration matters to the future. Gaining more insights into the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may enable us to discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may provide hints of events such as earthquakes. The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals. The related environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we can have more options for managing this balance. 40. Which of the following can be inferred from the texts? A. Plastic pollution has directly contributed to the melting of Arctic ice. B. Logging new species could lead to advancements in medicine and food production. C. Overfishing has been completely stopped due to international bans introduced in 1982. D. The population growth worldwide has reduced the need for deep-sea resources. 41. Before writing, Li Lin puts forward some questions. Which question CAN NOT Li Lin find the answer to from the texts? A. What’s the purpose of sea exploration? B. How does sea exploration cause damage to the sea? C. What benefits can sea exploration bring to other research fields? D. What can we do to balance environmental protection and sea exploration? 42. If Li Lin is determined to write an essay based on opinions from both texts, which of the following will most probably be the central theme of his essay? A. Ways to improve the efficiency of sea development. B. Technological breakthroughs in sea exploration. C. Balance between the impact of sea exploration and its benefits. D. Appeal to protect the sea from unsustainable exploration. 【答案】40. B 41. D 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕海洋探索的利弊进行了讨论，提出了正反两方的观点。文本1主要阐述了海洋探索可能带来的问题，如污染、资源破坏等，并强调了保护海洋的重要性。文本2则强调了海洋探索对于了解地球、管理资源以及寻找新资源的重要性，并提出了在环境风险与经济需求之间寻求平衡的观点。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章文本2中的“It may enable us to discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy.(这可能使我们能够发现新的药物，以及新的食物和能源来源。)”可知，记录新物种可能有助于我们发现新药以及新的食物和能源来源，因此可以推断出记录新物种可能推动医学和食品生产的发展。故选B。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章文本1中“ More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million  gallons (加仑) of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also harmful, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water. Mining for resources is damaging, especially in the Arctic. Climate change has led to less ice, which means we can look for more  fossil fuels (化石燃料) further north. (更多的勘探意味着更多的污染。2010年，“深水地平线”钻井平台向海中泄漏了超过2亿加仑的石油。塑料污染也是有害的，杀死了许多鸟类和鱼类，甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。资源开采是破坏性的，尤其是在北极地区。气候变化导致冰层减少，这意味着我们可以在更北的地方寻找更多的化石燃料)”文章文本2中的“Gaining more insights into the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may enable us to discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may provide hints of events such as earthquakes. The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals. The related environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we can have more options for managing this balance.(更多地了解海洋也将帮助我们更好地管理海洋资源。采伐新物种将增进我们对地球上生命的了解。它可能使我们发现新的药物，以及新的食物和能源来源。进入深海可能会提供地震等事件的线索。世界人口在增长，我们需要新的资源来发展未来。海底和冰层下可能蕴藏着大量的资源，不仅有石油和天然气，还有宝贵的矿物。相关的环境风险应与经济需求相平衡。希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来管理这种平衡。)”可知，文本虽然提到了海洋探索可能带来的环境问题，海洋探索的目的以及探索海洋的益处，但并未明确提出如何平衡这两者。由此可知，选项D“What can we do to balance environmental protection and sea exploration?( 我们如何平衡环境保护和海洋探索？)”这个问题不能从文本中找到直接答案。故选D。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文本1主要阐述了海洋探索可能带来的问题，如污染、资源破坏等，并强调了保护海洋的重要性。文本2则强调了海洋探索对于了解地球、管理资源以及寻找新资源的重要性，并提出了在环境风险与经济需求之间寻求平衡的观点。因此，平衡这两方面的关系成为了文本的核心主题。由此可知，如果李琳决定根据两篇文本中的观点写一篇文章，那么文章的中心主题最有可能是选项C“Balance between the impact of sea exploration and its benefits. (海洋探索的影响与其带来的利益之间的平衡)”。故选C。 (C) The conversational tone of an AI chatbot or voice-based assistant is a good way to learn new concepts, but it may actually make us more willing to believe inaccuracies, compared with information presented in a static (静态的) article. To investigate this issue, Sonja Utz from Germany asked 1,200 participants to engage with one of three formats. The first involved text appearing letter by letter in the style of a large model, similar to ChatGPT; the second provided information through a voice-based device; and the third was a static, text-based copy of content. Participants couldn’t interact with the systems as they might with the real versions, in order to keep the experience consistent across the study. In some cases, participants were given accurate information, while in others, they saw factual errors. Some of these errors were plain wrong, such as naming Sofia as the capital of France, but others involved certain statements that were contradicted elsewhere in the same response. Participants were asked to rate the accuracy of the information on a seven-point scale, where7 is entirely accurate. In the answers where errors were introduced, the information presented in a static format was rated as 4.24 on average. The ChatGPT-like system managed 4.76, while the voice assistant scored 5.29. Participants rated all of the systems higher for answers where no errors were introduced, but the differences were smaller for the voice assistant and chatbot. “People find conversational chat agents more convincing because humans seem to be hardwired to assign credibility to things that seem lifelike,” says Mike Katell from UK. “The way the chatbots and voice agents are programmed to use a friendly and helpful conversational tone also confuses people. Chatbot makers are trying to put users at ease, which is achieved through believable content and inoffensive delivery.” People have learned that these models generate false information sometimes. “But people don’t realize that this interaction mode makes us tend to believe whatever is written there.” Utz says. “That should be in media literacy training.” 43. What was the main focus of Sonja Utz’s study? A. Features of AI chatbots or voice-based assistants. B. People’s preference for information sources. C. Why static articles differ from conversational content. D. How text formats influence information trustworthiness. 44. In paragraph 3, text errors in the study can be summarized as________ A. inevitable and conflicting B. minor and common C. obvious and internally inconsistent D. repetitive and randomly selected 45. According to Mike Katell, which of the following is NOT a reason why people find conversational chat agents more convincing? A. People’s inborn trust in lifelike things. B. Inoffensive delivery of personalized content. C. The chatbot’s use of a gentle conversational tone. D. The makers’ intention to make users feel relaxed. 46. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Utz suggests people improve media awareness and competence. B. People’s preference for lifelike things may be overstated. C. How information is presented doesn’t affect how much we believe it. D. The research results are uncertain due to the lack of man-system interaction. 【答案】43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于人工智能聊天机器人或语音助手的对话式语气可能使人们更愿意相信不准确信息的研究，通过具体的实验数据和专家观点来解释和说明这一现象，旨在提高人们对媒介素养的认识。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The conversational tone of an AI chatbot or voice-based assistant is a good way to learn new concepts, but it may actually make us more willing to believe inaccuracies, compared with information presented in a static(静态的) article.(人工智能聊天机器人或语音助手的对话式语气是学习新概念的好方法，但与静态文章中呈现的信息相比，它可能会让我们更愿意相信不准确的内容。)”以及第二段“To investigate this issue, Sonja Utz from Germany asked 1,200 participants to engage with one of three formats.(为了研究这个问题，来自德国的Sonja Utz邀请了1200名参与者参与三种不同形式的互动。)”可知，Sonja Utz研究主要关注的是文本格式（如静态文本、ChatGPT式的动态文本和语音助手）如何影响人们对信息的信任度。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In some cases, participants were given accurate information, while in others, they saw factual errors. Some of these errors were plain wrong, such as naming Sofia as the capital of France, but others involved certain statements that were contradicted elsewhere in the same response.(在某些情况下，参与者会收到准确的信息，而在其他情况下，他们则会看到事实错误。其中一些错误显然是错误的，比如将索菲亚命名为法国的首都，而其他错误则涉及在同一条回复中的其他位置相互矛盾的陈述。)”可知，第三段提到文本错误的两种类型：一种是明显的错误，如将索菲亚命名为法国的首都；另一种是内部不一致的错误，即在同一回答中的其他位置存在相互矛盾的陈述。也就是说，研究中的文本错误可以总结为明显的和内部不一致的。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段““People find conversational chat agents more convincing because humans seem to be hardwired to assign credibility to things that seem lifelike,” says Mike Katell from UK. “The way the chatbots and voice agents are programmed to use a friendly and helpful conversational tone also confuses people. Chatbot makers are trying to put users at ease, which is achieved through believable content and inoffensive delivery.”(“人们发现对话式聊天代理更具说服力，因为人类似乎天生就会对那些看起来逼真的事物赋予可信度，”来自英国的Mike Katell说道。“聊天机器人和语音助手被编程成使用友好且有帮助的对话语气，这也让人们感到困惑。聊天机器人制造商试图让用户感到轻松，这是通过可信的内容和不带冒犯性的表达方式来实现的。”)”可推测，选项B“Inoffensive delivery of personalized content.(个性化内容的无冒犯性传递。)”在Mike Katell的观点中并未提及。根据Mike Katell的观点，人们认为对话式聊天代理更具说服力的原因中，不包括个性化内容的无冒犯性传递。故选B。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“People have learned that these models generate false information sometimes. “But people don’t realize that this interaction mode makes us tend to believe whatever is written there.” Utz says. “That should be in media literacy training.”(人们已经知道这些模型有时会生成虚假信息。“但人们没有意识到这种交互模式会让我们倾向于相信上面写的任何内容。” Utz说。“这应该纳入媒介素养培训中。”)”可知，Utz建议人们提高媒介素养。故选A。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Can a Pill Fight Loneliness? “Have you ever taken a walk in the woods and jumped back because you saw a stick on the ground and thought it was a snake,” asks researcher Stephanie Cacioppo. “The lonely people see snakes all the time.” Cacioppo is talking about a long-term loneliness contradiction: A person’s brain feels that something is wrong and that they should connect with others. ___47___ Consequently, they focus on the negative signals they think they’re getting, which keeps them from connecting. ___48___ That’s the focus of a clinical experiment that Cacioppo is overseeing. For a year and a half, 96 lonely but healthy subjects have been taking a certain amount of pregnenolone, a chemical substance associated with memory enhancement and stress reduction. The goal of the research is to see how balancing pregnenolone levels affects the subjects. The pill could help reduce the fear that makes lonely people withdraw and act more calmly in social situations. ___49___ The idea is that a pill could clear your view, helping you see things clearly instead of feeling afraid of everyone. Then you become more willing to listen to others. While developing a pill to address the brain signals that lead to loneliness holds promise, it should not be seen as the only solution. ___50___ Building meaningful relationships is just as important as eating right and exercising. A. Could a pill make social situations feel less threatening? B. Social connections are also essential for a healthy lifestyle. C. It’s like driving in the winter when you can’t see clearly. D. Is there a strong connection between memory enhancement and stress reduction? E. At the same time, it can also make them defensive when judging others. F. Unfortunately, the fear will appear repeatedly and influence your perception of things. 【答案】47. E 48. A 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过提出一个问题——“药物能对抗孤独吗？”来引入主题，然后详细描述了研究者卡Cacioppo关于孤独与药物关系的实验和研究，旨在向读者普及关于孤独和药物作用的相关知识。 【47题详解】 根据上文“Cacioppo is talking about a long-term loneliness contradiction: A person’s brain feels that something is wrong and that they should connect with others.(Cacioppo谈论的是一个长期的关于孤独的悖论：一个人的大脑会感觉到出了问题，他们应该与他人建立联系。)”可推测，空处应该是和“they should connect with others”相矛盾。选项E“At the same time, it can also make them defensive when judging others.(它也会同时使他们在判断他人时产生防御心理。)”与上文内容相矛盾，指出大脑告诉他们应该和他人建立联系，但同时又会有防御心理。故选E。 【48题详解】 根据下文“That’s the focus of a clinical experiment that Cacioppo is overseeing. For a year and a half, 96 lonely but healthy subjects have been taking a certain amount of pregnenolone, a chemical substance associated with memory enhancement and stress reduction.(这正是Cacioppo正在监督的一项临床实验的重点。一年半以来，96名孤独但健康的人一直在服用一定量的孕烯醇酮，这是一种与记忆增强和压力减轻有关的化学物质。)”可推测，下文是在描述一个关于药物的临床实验。选项A“Could a pill make social situations feel less threatening?(药物能让社交场合感觉不那么有威胁性吗？)”能够引出下文，提出了药物可能带来的效果，即让社交场合感觉不那么有威胁性。故选A。 【49题详解】 根据上文“The pill could help reduce the fear that makes lonely people withdraw and act more calmly in social situations.(这种药物可以帮助减少让孤独的人退缩的恐惧，让他们在社交场合表现得更加冷静”)”以及空后“The idea is that a pill could clear your view, helping you see things clearly instead of feeling afraid of everyone.(这种药物的作用是清除你的视野，帮助你清楚地看待事物，而不是害怕每个人。)”可知，此处是在描述药物可能带来的好处，即减少恐惧，帮助孤独的人在社交场合表现得更加冷静。选项C“It’s like driving in the winter when you can’t see clearly.(这就像冬天开车时你看不清楚一样。)”能够与前文形成类比，用冬天开车时视线不清来类比孤独的人在社交场合因为恐惧而看不清事物，进而引出后文提到的药物可以清除视野，帮助人们清楚地看待事物。故选C。 【50题详解】 根据上文“While developing a pill to address the brain signals that lead to loneliness holds promise, it should not be seen as the only solution.(虽然开发一种针对导致孤独的大脑信号的药物很有前景，但它不应被视为唯一的解决方案。)”以及下文“Building meaningful relationships is just as important as eating right and exercising.(建立有意义的关系和吃得健康、锻炼一样重要。)”可知，此处是在强调除了药物之外，还有其他重要的解决孤独问题的方法，选项B“Social connections are also essential for a healthy lifestyle. (社交联系对于健康的生活方式也很重要)”能够承接前文，进一步强调了社交联系的重要性，与后文提到的建立有意义的关系相呼应。故选B。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Enjoy Small Treats without Guilt In today’s fast-paced world, it’s easy to feel guilty about taking time for ourselves. Whether it’s treating ourselves to a sweet treat, watching an episode of our favorite TV show, or buying something we don’t really need, we often associate these “guilty pleasures” with negative feelings. But what if we stopped feeling guilty? What if we enjoyed these small treats as part of our self-care routine? Life is all about balance. We work hard and manage responsibilities but we sometimes forget to take care of our mental well-being. Small pleasures, when done mindfully, can actually contribute to a healthier and more balanced life. They provide us with a chance to relax, recharge, and enjoy life’s little moments. There’s a difference between self-care and overdoing it. Self-care is about doing things that restore us; while going too far can lead to negative consequences. The key is moderation. For example, treating yourself to a chocolate bar after a long week isn’t a problem — it’s a form of self-care, a small act of kindness to yourself. But if we do this every day and it gets out of hand. then it might lead to guilt or other issues. Guilt is a major barrier to enjoying small treats. We often feel as though we don’t deserve a treat, or that we should always be working toward something bigger. But taking time to enjoy life is not a luxury — it’s necessary. Accepting guilty pleasures without guilt can actually improve our productivity and mental health. A relaxed and happy mind is far more effective than one filled with stress. So next time you feel tempted to treat yourself, remember that it’s okay. Life is too short not to enjoy the little things — so go ahead and embrace your guilty pleasures. You deserve it! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Life requires balance, and small pleasures help us recharge and enjoy it. The key is enjoying pleasures in moderation, while too much can cause problems. It's necessary to treat ourselves without guilt, which makes us more productive and mentally healthier. So, treat ourselves to small pleasures we deserve. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。我们常常会对一些小的享受感到内疚，但我们真的需要这样吗？生活需要平衡，小的快乐帮助我们充电并生活。关键是要适度地享受这些快乐，因为过度则可能带来问题。我们需要无内疚地享受这些小快乐，这能让我们更有生产力心理更健康。所以，享受我们应得的小快乐吧。 【详解】要点摘录 ①In today’s fast-paced world, it’s easy to feel guilty about taking time for ourselves.  ②But what if we stopped feeling guilty? What if we enjoyed these small treats as part of our self-care routine? ③Life is all about balance. ④Small pleasures, when done mindfully, can actually contribute to a healthier and more balanced life. They provide us with a chance to relax, recharge, and enjoy life’s little moments. ⑤The key is moderation. ⑥But if we do this every day and it gets out of hand. then it might lead to guilt or other issues. ⑦Accepting guilty pleasures without guilt can actually improve our productivity and mental health. A relaxed and happy mind is far more effective than one filled with stress. ⑧Life is too short not to enjoy the little things — so go ahead and embrace your guilty pleasures. You deserve it! 缜密构思 将第1、2要点合并，将第3、4要点整合，将5、6、7总结，将8总结。 遣词造句 Life requires balance, and small pleasures help us recharge and enjoy it. The key is enjoying pleasures in moderation, while too much can cause problems. It's necessary to treat ourselves without guilt, which makes us more productive and mentally healthier. So, treat ourselves to small pleasures we deserve. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The key is enjoying pleasures in moderation, while too much can cause problems. 使用while引导的并列复合句。 [高分句型2] It's necessary to treat ourselves without guilt, which makes us more productive and mentally healthier. 使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这位幼儿园退休教师最近迷上了烹饪。(fond) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】The retired kindergarten teacher has recently become fond of cooking. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。“这位幼儿园退休教师”翻译为The retired kindergarten teacher，在句中作主语；“最近”用副词recently，句中用现在完成时；“迷上”用短语become fond of；“烹饪”用名词cooking。故翻译为The retired kindergarten teacher has recently become fond of cooking. 53. 健康顾问建议服用药草来促进康复。(recommend)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】The health advisor recommends taking herbs to promote recovery. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和非谓语动词。“健康顾问”翻译为The health advisor，在句中作主语；“建议做某事”用短语recommend doing sth.；“服用药草”翻译为take herbs，后接不定式作目的状语；“促进康复”翻译为promote recovery；陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为The health advisor recommends taking herbs to promote recovery. 54. 社区志愿者在共享单车的把手上安装了防风手套，好贴心呀! (It)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is so thoughtful that community volunteers have installed windproof gloves on the handles of shared bicycles. 【解析】 【详解】考查it作形式主语和时态。“社区志愿者”community volunteer，名词使用复数形式表示泛指，表示“安装”应用动词install，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，因此使用现在完成时have installed；“防风手套”翻译为windproof gloves，名词使用复数形式表示泛指；“在共享单车的把手上”翻译为on the handles of shared bicycles；使用that引导从句作真正的主语，将it置于句首作形式主语，be动词使用is，表语“好贴心”so thoughtful!。故翻译为It is so thoughtful that community volunteers have installed windproof gloves on the handles of shared bicycles. 55. 随着一系列优惠政策落地，电动车企业对推动电池技术走向国际市场很乐观。(With)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】With a series of favorable policies carried out, the electric vehicle company is optimistic about advancing battery technology into international markets. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和with的复合结构。“随着”用介词with，“一系列优惠政策”翻译为a series of favorable policies；“落地”用短语carry out，与名词a series of favorable policies之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语；“电动车企业”翻译为 electric vehicle company；“对……很乐观”用短语be optimistic about；“推动”用动词advance；“电池技术”翻译为battery technology；“国际市场”翻译为international markets。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为With a series of favorable policies carried out, the electric vehicle company is optimistic about advancing battery technology into international markets. V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是高三学生李华，你校这学期邀请外教Tim做系列的英语讲座，上周Tim做了关于英语词汇学习的讲座，同学们感觉很有收获。请你给Tim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.表达感谢并说明原因； 2. 建议下周讲座的内容。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tim, I’m Li Hua, a senior three student. I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your wonderful lecture on English vocabulary learning last week. The reason why I’m so thankful is that your lecture was truly helpful. You provided us with practical and effective methods for memorizing and understanding English words. Your explanations were clear and easy to follow, which has greatly enhanced our confidence in vocabulary learning. I hope that in next week’s lecture, you could focus on English grammar. Many of us struggle with understanding and applying grammar rules correctly. I believe your guidance will make a big difference to our English learning. Thank you again for your efforts and contributions. Your lectures have been a great source of inspiration and knowledge for us. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的感谢信。要求考生给外教Tim写封信，感谢其上周所做的关于英语词汇学习的讲座，并就下周讲座内容给出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 真诚的：sincere→ genuine 感激的：thankful→ grateful 有帮助的：be helpful→ be of help 提高：enhance→ improve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your wonderful lecture on English vocabulary learning last week 拓展句：I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your wonderful lecture whose theme is English vocabulary learning last week 【点睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I’m so thankful is that your lecture was truly helpful.（运用了why引导的定语从句和that引导的表语从句） 【高分句型2】Your explanations were clear and easy to follow, which has greatly enhanced our confidence in vocabulary learning.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期高三年级学业质量调研 英语学科 (考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分) I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank. I moved to a new city and took a job in marketing. ____1____ I initially felt uncertain about whether the marketing job was right for me, I soon realized it didn’t fulfill my need for purpose. I enjoyed doing things I found meaningful. As the months passed, I felt it just wasn’t ____2____ me. I needed to find a way out. A job advertisement for an editor for a new youth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was successful. My role was ____3____ (help) teams of young people edit their content and help them with their work, which involved ____4____ (guide) them through the editing process and providing support for their tasks. I ____5____ (assume) the magazine would be a mixture of games and boring reviews, so I was surprised when one of the first pieces written was about social welfare. Finally, I found something I was interested in. I felt a change in me straight away. I had a purpose again, when days ____6____ (lose) to discussing hot topics and reading the words of their strong and opinionated voices. ____7____ (invest) in their world, I could see myself making a difference to the team’s writing ability. As our website hits increased and the work shifted to reflect ____8____ our audiences wanted, I developed a greater understanding of what young people might want to read. The biggest change the job brought, though, was to my well-being. It is rare that you find ____9____ in a job you love, one that you are happy to go into each day. I was growing in this creative environment, inspired by the talented young people ____10____ careers I was helping to further. Now, I realize that there are jobs that will keep you happy, energetic, and inspired. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. display B. features C. home D. peak E. timing F. mass G. equivalent H. favor I. extensive J. upsets K. distinction The Atacama Desert stretches along the coast of northern Chile, covering over 40,000 square miles of dry land. It has a reputation as the harshest desert in the world, although that ____11____ technically belongs to the Antarctica desert. In fact, some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded rainfall. Despite the severe conditions, the Atacama Desert is ____12____ to a surprising number of plant species, many of which have evolved to survive long periods of drought. These flowers lie inactive, coming to life in a breathtaking ____13____ that can stretch across thousands of square kilometers when conditions are favorable. This phenomenon is called a desert bloom. It occurs when infrequent rains cause a(n) ____14____ growth of seeds that have lain inactive in the soil for years. These seeds are capable of resisting extreme heat and extended dryness. The current flowering isn’t yet ____15____ enough to be regarded as a desert bloom, covering only a few hundred square kilometers. But here’s the strange thing: this phenomenon usually happens in the spring. Now, in Chile, it’s winter —— so it’s unusually early for something like this to happen. El Niño, a natural climate phenomenon that influences global weather, often plays a crucial role in the desert bloom. However, it is not yet confirmed whether it is to blame for the ____16____ of this bloom. This phenomenon ____17____ normal weather patterns, regularly bringing increased rainfall to regions that are typically dry. In the case of the Atacama desert, it can lead to occasional but significant rain events, which creates the perfect conditions for a desert bloom. The desert bloom ____18____ a collection of native flowers, each of which has adapted itself uniquely to the harsh environment. The current event, however, seems to ____19____ a specific purple flower that doesn’t need a lot of water and grows in sandy sites. At its ____20____, a desert bloom can include up to 200 species, showcasing the toughness of life in this unpleasant environment. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Effective monitoring of endangered species is key to their survival. Studying the ___21___ , range, and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure their habitat remains free from development and illegal hunters. Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging (无线电标记). To do this, individual animals must at first be captured so that collars can be ___22___ . One organization that ___23___ this technique was WildTrack. In the late 1990s, the team was using radio-collars to monitor black rhinos (犀牛) in Namibia. However, the team soon realized that the chemicals used to immobilize the rhino to fit the collars ___24___ female fertility. Not only that but also a large proportion of the radio-collars ___25___ within the first 6 months and had to be replaced. ___26___ , as animals grew, the collars would tighten, annoying or even hurting them. The method was costly and had the unintended ___27___ of altering the rhinos’ behavior, making the collected data unreliable. At the same time, the team was working alongside local ___28___ . Animal tracking is one of the oldest human skills, and these experts have years of experience in identifying individual animals by their footprints. They could effectively create a true picture of individual rhinos’ activities without the use of any invasive (侵入的) techniques. Consequently, the team were interested to know whether the trackers’ knowledge could be effectively ___29___ a computerized technique for monitoring animal movement. Within each species, each individual has its own unique foot ____30____ . If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be ____31____ whenever it is sighted again. If that is done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a ____32____ of all, or at least a significant proportion of the individuals within the population. After that, conservationists can use it to identify an animal and its movements by its print. The data gathered can be used for a range of ____33____ , for example, to monitor biodiversity. WildTrack is currently using footprint identification technology in Greece to study the potential effect of a large highway construction through brown bear habitat. Identifying an animal from its footprint is not without its ____34____ , however, as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement. To account for these ____35____ , it is necessary to collect multiple tracks from each animal on a range of surfaces. 21. A. flexibility B. diet C. movement D. behavior 22. A. fixed B. updated C. removed D. examined 23. A. opposed B. developed C. promoted D. adopted 24. A. enhanced B. harmed C. tested D. ensured 25. A. lasted B. matched C. failed D. bent 26. A. Therefore B. However C. Likewise D. Moreover 27. A. consequence B. mistake C. cause D. target 28. A. programmers B. photographers C. trackers D. officials 29. A. compared to B. translated into C. integrated into D. classified into 30. A. features B. sizes C. colors D. shapes 31. A. copied B. recognized C. erased D. marked 32. A. budget B. schedule C. blueprint D. database 33. A. purposes B. experiments C. solutions D. services 34. A. limitations B. losses C. challenges D. concerns 35. A. variations B. signs C. factors D. standards Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Back in her twenties, Linda Park was all about fashion. But she also started noticing something disturbing: the fashion industry was seriously hurting the environment. As she worked as a designer, she was shocked by the mountains of unsold clothes, fabrics that would hang around for decades, and the harmful dyes (染料) dumping into rivers. It hit her — if she was going to make a real difference, she’d have to roll up her sleeves (袖子) and tackle fashion’s waste problem herself. Every year, millions of tons of clothing are thrown aside, with almost half of it ending up in landfills. And here’s the kicker: most of it barely gets worn before it’s thrown away, thanks to the endless cycle of fast fashion. Park thought, “I can do better than this.” So, she pictured a new kind of store — one that wouldn’t just reduce waste but would also inspire people to make smarter, greener choices. In September 2020, Park launched GreenThread — her sustainable fashion dream came true. The store’s special touch? It sold upcycled clothing and fabric made from waste materials. Customers could bring in their old clothes and trade them for store credit, giving the items a second life. GreenThread’s clothes were a mix of repurposed fabrics and eco-friendly dyes, proving that sustainable fashion can be stylish. Now, GreenThread’s clothes aren’t exactly cheap. A T-shirt might cost $25, while the same one at a regular store could be $15. But here’s the deal: people love the quality, the durability, and the fact that they’ re supporting an eco-friendly brand. It feels good to be part of the solution, right? When the pandemic (疫情) hit, it wasn’t smooth sailing. But Park wasn’t ready to call it quits. She switched to an online model and started offering virtual style consultations. The response was awesome, and GreenThread’s fan base grew as more people realized the benefits of shopping sustainably. Park says the mission of her store goes beyond just selling clothes. “Each piece has its own story,” she smiles. “Customers can see how many lives a fabric has lived. It’s not just fashion; it’s a movement.” 36. ________ inspired Linda Park to start her business. A A desire to promote eco-friendly dyes B. The high demand for recycled clothing C. The waste generated by the fashion industry D. Her background in sustainable design 37. The phrase “the kicker” in paragraph 2 most likely means ________. A. the person kicking the football B. something unexpected and surprising C. the most exciting part of the situation D. the reason why fast fashion is successful 38. Which of the following best describes Park’s attitude towards her business? A. Optimistic and practical. B. Carefree and relaxed. C. Focused and cautious. D. Creative and determined. 39. According to the last paragraph, what do customers appreciate about GreenThread? A. The unique story and mission behind each piece. B. The emotional satisfaction of owning a unique piece. C. The chance to see how many times the fabric has been reused. D. The ability to trace the environmental impact of the material. (B) Li Lin, a senior high 3 student, is preparing an argumentative essay on sea exploration. He has collected some texts for reference, two of which are shown below for his writing. Text 1 Exploring the sea usually means exploiting it, which has caused numerous problems and will continue to cause more. More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons (加仑) of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also harmful, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water. Mining for resources is damaging, especially in the Arctic. Climate change has led to less ice, which means we can look for more fossil fuels(化石燃料) further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more, thus worsening this negative cycle. Whales and dolphins are also overfished for their meat or for research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy. The sea stretches out immeasurably but it is more sensitive than we think. If we don’t protect it, future generations will not forgive us. Text 2 To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration matters to the future. Gaining more insights into the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may enable us to discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may provide hints of events such as earthquakes. The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals. The related environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we can have more options for managing this balance. 40. Which of the following can be inferred from the texts? A. Plastic pollution has directly contributed to the melting of Arctic ice. B. Logging new species could lead to advancements in medicine and food production. C. Overfishing has been completely stopped due to international bans introduced in 1982. D. The population growth worldwide has reduced the need for deep-sea resources. 41. Before writing, Li Lin puts forward some questions. Which question CAN NOT Li Lin find the answer to from the texts? A What’s the purpose of sea exploration? B. How does sea exploration cause damage to the sea? C. What benefits can sea exploration bring to other research fields? D. What can we do to balance environmental protection and sea exploration? 42. If Li Lin is determined to write an essay based on opinions from both texts, which of the following will most probably be the central theme of his essay? A. Ways to improve the efficiency of sea development. B. Technological breakthroughs in sea exploration. C. Balance between the impact of sea exploration and its benefits. D. Appeal to protect the sea from unsustainable exploration. (C) The conversational tone of an AI chatbot or voice-based assistant is a good way to learn new concepts, but it may actually make us more willing to believe inaccuracies, compared with information presented in a static (静态的) article. To investigate this issue, Sonja Utz from Germany asked 1,200 participants to engage with one of three formats. The first involved text appearing letter by letter in the style of a large model, similar to ChatGPT; the second provided information through a voice-based device; and the third was a static, text-based copy of content. Participants couldn’t interact with the systems as they might with the real versions, in order to keep the experience consistent across the study. In some cases, participants were given accurate information, while in others, they saw factual errors. Some of these errors were plain wrong, such as naming Sofia as the capital of France, but others involved certain statements that were contradicted elsewhere in the same response. Participants were asked to rate the accuracy of the information on a seven-point scale, where7 is entirely accurate. In the answers where errors were introduced, the information presented in a static format was rated as 4.24 on average. The ChatGPT-like system managed 4.76, while the voice assistant scored 5.29. Participants rated all of the systems higher for answers where no errors were introduced, but the differences were smaller for the voice assistant and chatbot. “People find conversational chat agents more convincing because humans seem to be hardwired to assign credibility to things that seem lifelike,” says Mike Katell from UK. “The way the chatbots and voice agents are programmed to use a friendly and helpful conversational tone also confuses people. Chatbot makers are trying to put users at ease, which is achieved through believable content and inoffensive delivery.” People have learned that these models generate false information sometimes. “But people don’t realize that this interaction mode makes us tend to believe whatever is written there.” Utz says. “That should be in media literacy training.” 43. What was the main focus of Sonja Utz’s study? A. Features of AI chatbots or voice-based assistants. B. People’s preference for information sources. C. Why static articles differ from conversational content. D. How text formats influence information trustworthiness. 44. In paragraph 3, text errors in the study can be summarized as________ A. inevitable and conflicting B. minor and common C. obvious and internally inconsistent D. repetitive and randomly selected 45. According to Mike Katell, which of the following is NOT a reason why people find conversational chat agents more convincing? A. People’s inborn trust in lifelike things. B. Inoffensive delivery of personalized content. C. The chatbot’s use of a gentle conversational tone. D. The makers’ intention to make users feel relaxed. 46. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Utz suggests people improve media awareness and competence. B. People’s preference for lifelike things may be overstated. C. How information is presented doesn’t affect how much we believe it. D. The research results are uncertain due to the lack of man-system interaction. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Can a Pill Fight Loneliness? “Have you ever taken a walk in the woods and jumped back because you saw a stick on the ground and thought it was a snake,” asks researcher Stephanie Cacioppo. “The lonely people see snakes all the time.” Cacioppo is talking about a long-term loneliness contradiction: A person’s brain feels that something is wrong and that they should connect with others. ___47___ Consequently, they focus on the negative signals they think they’re getting, which keeps them from connecting. ___48___ That’s the focus of a clinical experiment that Cacioppo is overseeing. For a year and a half, 96 lonely but healthy subjects have been taking a certain amount of pregnenolone, a chemical substance associated with memory enhancement and stress reduction. The goal of the research is to see how balancing pregnenolone levels affects the subjects. The pill could help reduce the fear that makes lonely people withdraw and act more calmly in social situations. ___49___ The idea is that a pill could clear your view, helping you see things clearly instead of feeling afraid of everyone. Then you become more willing to listen to others. While developing a pill to address the brain signals that lead to loneliness holds promise, it should not be seen as the only solution. ___50___ Building meaningful relationships is just as important as eating right and exercising. A. Could a pill make social situations feel less threatening? B. Social connections are also essential for a healthy lifestyle. C. It’s like driving in the winter when you can’t see clearly. D. Is there a strong connection between memory enhancement and stress reduction? E. At the same time, it can also make them defensive when judging others. F. Unfortunately, the fear will appear repeatedly and influence your perception of things. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Enjoy Small Treats without Guilt In today’s fast-paced world, it’s easy to feel guilty about taking time for ourselves. Whether it’s treating ourselves to a sweet treat, watching an episode of our favorite TV show, or buying something we don’t really need, we often associate these “guilty pleasures” with negative feelings. But what if we stopped feeling guilty? What if we enjoyed these small treats as part of our self-care routine? Life is all about balance. We work hard and manage responsibilities but we sometimes forget to take care of our mental well-being. Small pleasures when done mindfully, can actually contribute to a healthier and more balanced life. They provide us with a chance to relax, recharge, and enjoy life’s little moments. There’s a difference between self-care and overdoing it. Self-care is about doing things that restore us; while going too far can lead to negative consequences. The key is moderation. For example treating yourself to a chocolate bar after a long week isn’t a problem — it’s a form of self-care, a small act of kindness to yourself. But if we do this every day and it gets out of hand. then it might lead to guilt or other issues. Guilt is a major barrier to enjoying small treats. We often feel as though we don’t deserve a treat or that we should always be working toward something bigger. But taking time to enjoy life is not a luxury — it’s necessary. Accepting guilty pleasures without guilt can actually improve our productivity and mental health. A relaxed and happy mind is far more effective than one filled with stress. So next time you feel tempted to treat yourself, remember that it’s okay. Life is too short not to enjoy the little things — so go ahead and embrace your guilty pleasures. You deserve it! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这位幼儿园退休教师最近迷上了烹饪。(fond) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ 53. 健康顾问建议服用药草来促进康复。(recommend)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ 54. 社区志愿者在共享单车的把手上安装了防风手套，好贴心呀! (It)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ 55. 随着一系列优惠政策落地，电动车企业对推动电池技术走向国际市场很乐观。(With)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是高三学生李华，你校这学期邀请外教Tim做系列的英语讲座，上周Tim做了关于英语词汇学习的讲座，同学们感觉很有收获。请你给Tim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.表达感谢并说明原因； 2. 建议下周讲座的内容。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$