精品解析：天津市第八中学2024-2025学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

2024—2025学年第一学期高一年级英语学科 第二次统练 时间: 90分钟; 满分100分 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 听力(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a furniture shop. B. At a coffee bar. C At the woman’s home. 2. What is Mr. Thompson probably related to Meg? A. Her boss. B. Her father. C. Her doctor. 3. When will the party be over? A At 11:00 pm. B. At 10:30 pm. C. At 10:00 pm. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Living in Austria. B. Looking for jobs. C. Preparing for a trip. 5. What is the man’s news? A. He will get married. B. He will study abroad. C. He will live on an island. 第二节 (共10 小题; 每小题1分，满分10分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项、并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. How did the man find the apartment? A. From a newspaper. B. From the Internet. C. From a friend. 7. What does the man want most? A. A big kitchen. B. A big bedroom. C. A big living room. 8. What will the woman probably do this Friday? A. Entertain some friends. B. Rent an aparument. C. Pay the man a visit. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. How long will the course run this year? A.6 weeks. B.7 weeks. C.8 weeks. 10 What surprised the woman last year? A. The weather was extremely hot. B. The assistants lacked experience. C. Many children attended the course. 11. What new activities will be added this year? A. Adventure sports. B. Fun programs. C. Creative classes. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. What color is Pauly’s head? A. A little blue. B. Totally green. C. Mostly red. 13. Why is the speaker worried about Pauly? A. He won’t survive on his own. B. He refuses to eat anything. C. He has a broken tail. 14. In what season did Pauly get lost? A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Summer. 15. What does the speaker expect people to do if they hear Pauly? A. Record Pauly’s loud call. B. Tell him right away. C. Give Pauly something to eat. 二、单项选择(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 1. ---What do you think of the play we watched last night, Jenny? ---________ I want to watch it a second time. A. What a good idea! B. It was so boring. C. It couldn’t be better! D. It was just so-so. 2. –What’s that noise? –Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______. A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested 3. The computer has not been working properly for a long time. We need to it for a better one. A. design B. replace C. consume D. publish 4. The activities organized by our school really gave us a platform ____ we learned team spirit. A. that B. where C. which D. when 5. While in freezing weather, you'd better ________heat from escaping from your body and do more exercise. A. prevent B. take C. disable D. protect 6. We can never forget the days the two astronauts in spaceship worked together and the days we spent together. A. when; which B. when; when C. what; that D. on which; when 7. You have to take some necessities such as ropes, a flash, boots, ________ you may get lost in the mountain if going hiking. A. in case B. in order that C. now that D. so that 8. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired. A. can’t B. dare not C. needn’t D. may not 9. It was indeed a long journey, but ______ we arrived. A. bitterly B. anxiously C. significantly D. eventually 10. The two things _______ they felt very proud were their daughter's polite behaviour and excellent academic performance. A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which 11. The old man got his bachelor's degree __________ the help of his teachers and classmates. A. rather than B. in addition C. with the hope of D. thanks to 12. It has taken more than 10 years to turn our village a nice neighbourhood. A. up B. from C. into D. through 13. It's said that the newly-made drug has a special ________ on cancer. A. affects B. result C. effect D. affection 14. In order to go to a key university, I must ______ my study from now on. A. belong to B. concentrate on C. get away from D. come up with 15. The audience were ______ by his _______ performance on the stage. A. amazed; amazed B. amazed; amazing C. amazing; amazed D. amazing; amazing 三、完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1分，满分20分) Mr. Brown, the wife of a famous doctor, was good at cooking. Once the Browns invited some of their friends to lunch. Mrs. Brown thought it was a good chance for her to ____16____ how wonderfully she could cook, so she ____17____ a new way of cooking a fish dish. She was quite pleased with herself when the dish was ____18____. “I have never cooked such ___19___ dish before!” she thought. As the dish was very ____20____ she put it near the open window to cool for a few minutes. But, several minutes ____21____, when she came back ____22____it, she was shocked(震惊) to find the neighbor’s cat, Chester, at the dish. She was in time to stop the cat ____23____ it was too late. When all the guests sat, the dinner began. The fish dish _____24_____ really wonderful and everyone ___25___ it very much. They talked and laughed ___26___ four o'clock. At the end of the afternoon, when she was alone again, Mrs. Brown felt ____27____but also happy. She sat in a chair near a window to have a ___28___. She happened to look down ____29____ the window, and saw something ____30____ a little animal in the garden. “Oh, it is Chester. Dear, she is dead! Why? The fish dish must be bad! What will ____31____ to my friends?” she was frightened. Immediately she telephoned her husband for ____32____. The doctor told her to telephone ___33___ of the guests to meet him at the hospital as soon as they could. Finally the danger was ___34___. Once again, Mrs. Brown was alone in her chair in the sitting room, still tired but no longer happy. Just then the telephone rang. It was her ___35___ who cried, “Oh, Mrs. Brown, Chester is dead. She was killed by a car and someone put it in your garden.” 16. A. enjoy B. show C. make D. say 17. A. did B. made C. tried D. found 18. A. ready B. gone C. finishing D. already 19. A. an expensive B. an excellent C. a terrible D. a pretty 20. A. hot B. cold C. warm D. heat 21. A. early B. earlier C. later D. late 22. A. with B. to C. for D. after 23. A. after B. before C. when D. until 24. A. tasted B. was eaten C. felt D. looked 25. A. ate B. enjoyed C. had D. ate up 26. A. at B. from C. to D. till 27. A. worried B. sad C. tired D. sorry 28. A. bread B. break C. breath D. stop 29. A. through B. throughout C. past D. out 30. A. as B. seem C. to seem D. like 31. A. change B. happen C. become D. come 32. A. thought B. advice C. ways D. ideas 33. A. both B. any C. all D. some 34. A. end B. missed C. over D. passed 35. A. husband B. doctor C. neighbour D. guest 四、 阅读理解:(共10小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分25分) A Being in an unfamiliar school can be frightening. If you start a new school, you'll have to worry about making friends. Here are some simple tips which help you make new friends more easily. ·Try speaking to the students you're sitting next to in class. As they're close by, it is easy to chat to them first. ·Try to speak to everyone in your class. You will study here for three years, so it helps if you get along well with them. ·If you don't have many friends in your class, try and make new friends in your neighbor classes. You can also chat to them at lunchtimes and after school. ·Join a lunchtime or afterschool club. You'll get to meet kids of all years that way. ·Ask your teacher to pair you With another student ·Use your "celebrity status"(名人身份）! Since you're the new person, you'll have got celebrity status, which you can use for a couple of weeks. ·Talk to classmates, remember to smile, and be open and friendly. Don't break in while your classmates are speaking. When your classmates talk to you, you should listen carefully and look at them in the eye to make them feel important. ·As you grow older, it's natural to make new friends and sometimes that means you begin to grow apart from your old friends. So try and make time for all your friends. But what if a friendship group is pushing you out? If this is happening to you, ask someone you're friendly with what has happened .If the friendship is hopeless, try to find new friends. 36. According to the passage, moving to an unfamiliar school is_______. A. interesting B. exciting C. uncomfortable D. boring 37. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To explain how to make new friends easily. B. To show how to be used to new school life． C. To encourage people to make new friends. D. To introduce how to live in a new school. 38. It is suggested that you should ________. A. try to study well to be popular with the classmates B. try all your best to help your new classmates C. sit close to a familiar classmate in the classroom D. catch every opportunity to communicate with others 39. To make your classmates feel that they are important to you, you can A. smile while talking with them B. watch and listen to them carefully C. be friendly and open to them D. make use of your celebrity status 40. If a friendship group is leaving you out, you should A. make your different friends know each other B. forget them and make new friends at once C. try to know the reason from a close friend D. turn to your teachers or parents for help B Beer and eggs are commonly seen in the kitchen. However, scientists recently found that they were used in historic paintings, too. To preserve Danish paintings, a group of researchers studied what was the composition of ancient paint or what it was made of. They did experiments on small pieces of paintings that had already been cut off from the original artwork. According to their paper published in Science-Advances, grains and yeast (酵母) were found on the base of the paintings. Beer was the most common drink in the 19th century in Denmark, and its by-products were spent (用过已废的) grains and yeast. The study showed that they were used to provide a stable painting surface. Researchers also pointed out that beer by-product was used as a “glue” because it had a lot of sugar. With beer added, the paint can also dry faster. Apart from beer, egg has long been found in oil-based paints used by artists in the 15th century, such as Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci. A recent study published in Nature Communications may have “cracked” the secret of how eggs can help preserve artworks. The researchers re-created the ancient paint by adding egg yolks (蛋黄) to oil paint They then looked into how it changed over time. The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth. However, the oil paint with added egg usually takes longer to dry. It seemed fine for artists. They were willing to accept that their work would be preserved for a longer period. The more we understand how artists choose and use their materials, the more we can “appreciate what they’re doing”, Ken Sutherland, an expert at the Art Institute of Chicago, US, told Science News. Sutherland added that research like this could help people have a deeper understanding of the artworks. 41. What is the main purpose of the research mentioned in the passage? A. To find out how eggs can help to protect the artworks. B. To study the history of beer and egg consumption in Denmark. C. To explore the benefits of beer and egg consumption for artists. D. To research the composition of ancient paint for protecting Danish paintings. 42. Why were beer by-products used in historic Danish paintings? A. To keep the paintings clean. B. To help the colors stick better. C. To give the painting a different look. D. To make the paintings more colorful. 43. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Kept. B. Shared. C. Controlled. D. Discovered. 44. How did yolk’s proteins help preserve artworks? A. By adding color to the paint. B. By making the paint dry faster. C. By wrinkling the paint with oil. D. By slowing down the oxidation of the paint. 45. According to Ken Sutherland, the research like this provides . A. preservation techniques for paintings B. deeper understanding of the artworks C. more appreciation for artists’ materials D. insights into the history of art materials 五、阅读表达(共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full-time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called “open”. The university was started in order to help a known group of people who missed having a university education when they were young. The first name for the Open University was “the University of the Air”. The idea was to teach “on the air”, in other words, on radio and television. Most of the teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people’s homes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education. The Open University student also receives advice at one of the 283 study centers in the country. In 36 weeks of the year he has to send written work to a “tutor”, the person who guides his students. He must also spend weeks every summer as a full-time student. Tutors and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University’s first year, the results were good. 3 out of 4 students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies in 4 or 5 years. 46. What is the best title of this passage? 47. Why is the university called “open”? 48. What does the “University of the Air” in paragraph 2 mean? 49. Who does the known group refer to ? 50. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 六、书面表达(满分15分) 51. 假设你是校学生会主席，为了解决城市空气污染问题，你代表学生会向全校师生发出倡议。请根据以下要点，用英语写一份倡议书。 1. 简述城市空气污染的危害； 2. 提出解决该问题的建议： （1）尽量少开车； （2）不随地扔垃圾； （3）关闭一些工厂； 3. 发出号召。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年第一学期高一年级英语学科 第二次统练 时间: 90分钟; 满分100分 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 听力(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a furniture shop. B. At a coffee bar. C. At the woman’s home. 2. What is Mr. Thompson probably related to Meg? A. Her boss. B. Her father. C. Her doctor. 3. When will the party be over? A. At 11:00 pm. B. At 10:30 pm. C. At 10:00 pm. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Living in Austria. B. Looking for jobs. C. Preparing for a trip. 5. What is the man’s news? A. He will get married. B. He will study abroad. C. He will live on an island. 第二节 (共10 小题; 每小题1分，满分10分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项、并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. How did the man find the apartment? A. From a newspaper. B. From the Internet. C. From a friend. 7. What does the man want most? A. A big kitchen. B. A big bedroom. C. A big living room. 8. What will the woman probably do this Friday? A. Entertain some friends. B. Rent an aparument. C. Pay the man a visit. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. How long will the course run this year? A.6 weeks. B.7 weeks. C.8 weeks. 10. What surprised the woman last year? A. The weather was extremely hot. B. The assistants lacked experience. C. Many children attended the course. 11. What new activities will be added this year? A. Adventure sports. B. Fun programs. C. Creative classes. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. What color is Pauly’s head? A. A little blue. B. Totally green. C. Mostly red. 13. Why is the speaker worried about Pauly? A. He won’t survive on his own. B. He refuses to eat anything. C. He has a broken tail. 14. In what season did Pauly get lost? A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Summer. 15. What does the speaker expect people to do if they hear Pauly? A. Record Pauly’s loud call. B. Tell him right away. C. Give Pauly something to eat. 二、单项选择(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 1. ---What do you think of the play we watched last night, Jenny? ---________ I want to watch it a second time. A. What a good idea! B. It was so boring. C. It couldn’t be better! D. It was just so-so. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查习惯用语。句意：——你觉得我们昨晚看的戏怎么样，珍妮？——没有比这更好的了！我想再看一遍。A. What a good idea! 多好的主意啊!B. It was so boring. 太无聊了。C. It couldn’t be better! 没有比这更好的了。D. It was just so-so.一般般。根据后文“I want to watch it a second time.”可知，昨晚的戏非常好，好得都想再看一遍。故选C项。 2. –What’s that noise? –Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______. A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：---那是什么噪音？---哦，我忘记告诉你了。新机器正在被测试。主语the new machine和谓语test是被动的关系，故用被动语态。从上文可判断出该动作一直在进行中，所以本题应该使用进行时的被动语态 ，故选C项。 3. The computer has not been working properly for a long time. We need to it for a better one. A. design B. replace C. consume D. publish 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这台电脑已经很长时间不能正常工作了。我们需要换一个更好的。A. design设计；B. replace替换；更换；C. consume消耗；消费；D. publish出版；发行。根据“The computer has not been working properly for a long time.”可知，需要将能正常工作的电脑更换成更好的电脑。故选B。 4. The activities organized by our school really gave us a platform ____ we learned team spirit. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些由学校组织的活动真的给我们提供了一个学习团队精神的平台。句中先行词platform在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故选B。 5. While in freezing weather, you'd better ________heat from escaping from your body and do more exercise. A. prevent B. take C. disable D. protect 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在寒冷的天气里，你最好防止热量从你身体流失，并且多做运动。A.prevent 防止；B.take 拿走；C.disable 使…残疾/失去能力；D.protect 保护。由句意“在寒冷的天气里”可推断，应该是要防止身体热量的流失，结合介词from可知使用的是固定短语：prevent …from doing sth表示“防止……”，符合题意，故选A项。 6. We can never forget the days the two astronauts in spaceship worked together and the days we spent together. A. when; which B. when; when C. what; that D. on which; when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们永远不会忘记宇宙飞船上两位宇航员一起工作的日子和我们一起度过的日子。第一空先行词 the days 在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导；第二空先行词 the days 在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故选A。 7. You have to take some necessities such as ropes, a flash, boots, ________ you may get lost in the mountain if going hiking. A. in case B. in order that C. now that D. so that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你去徒步旅行，你不得不带着一些必要的东西例如绳子，手电和靴子，以防万一你在山里迷路了。in case以防；万一；in order that为了； now that既然；so that以便。故选A。 8. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired. A. can’t B. dare not C. needn’t D. may not 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：我已经点了一些披萨，所以我们回家累了就不用担心做饭了。A. can’t表示“无能力”；B. dare not表示“无勇气”；C. needn’t意为“无必要”；D. may not表示“推断”。 因为买了比萨饼，无必要担心回家后疲劳还要做饭。故选择C项。 9. It was indeed a long journey, but ______ we arrived. A. bitterly B. anxiously C. significantly D. eventually 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这确实是一段漫长的旅程，但最终我们到达了。A. bitterly愤怒地、痛苦地；B. anxiously焦急地；C. significantly意味深长地；D. eventually最终。根据后文“we arrived”指旅程虽然漫长，但最终还是到达了。故选D。 10. The two things _______ they felt very proud were their daughter's polite behaviour and excellent academic performance. A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们感到非常自豪的两件事是他们女儿的礼貌行为和优秀的学习成绩。分析句子可知，该空为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰The two things ，指物，该处应用of which；从句中固定短语feel proud of的介词of提前，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，指物，只能用which。故选B。 11. The old man got his bachelor's degree __________ the help of his teachers and classmates. A. rather than B. in addition C. with the hope of D. thanks to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：多亏他老师和同学的帮助，那位老人拿到了他的学士学位。A. rather than而不是； B. in addition另外；C. with the hope of 希望；D. thanks to多亏。由语意可知，老人能拿到学士学位，是因为他老师和同学的帮助，所以空处是表因果关系的，结合选项，故选D项。 12. It has taken more than 10 years to turn our village a nice neighbourhood. A. up B. from C. into D. through 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：把我们的村庄变成一个漂亮的社区花了十多年的时间。A. up向上；B. from来自；C. into变成；D. through通过。turn...into...是一个固定短语，意思是“把……变成……”。根据“a nice neighbourhood.”可知，把村庄变成一个漂亮的社区。故选C。 13. It's said that the newly-made drug has a special ________ on cancer. A. affects B. result C. effect D. affection 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说这种新制的药对于癌症有特效。A. affects影响(动词)；B. result结果；C. effect影响；D. affection情感。分析句子可知，空处应填名词做has的宾语。have an effect on为固定搭配，意为“对……有效果”。故选C项。 14. In order to go to a key university, I must ______ my study from now on. A. belong to B. concentrate on C. get away from D. come up with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了能上一个顶尖大学，从现在开始我必须专心学习。A. belong to属于； B. concentrate on集中，专心；C. get away from远离； D. come up with想出。由语意可知，为了上好大学，我必须集中精力在我学习上，即专心学习，故选B项。 15. The audience were ______ by his _______ performance on the stage. A. amazed; amazed B. amazed; amazing C. amazing; amazed D. amazing; amazing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：观众对他舞台上的令人惊叹的表演感到惊叹。amazing令人惊叹的，修饰物， amazed感到惊叹的，修饰人。第一个空的主语为The audience，第二个空修饰performance。故选B。 三、完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1分，满分20分) Mr. Brown, the wife of a famous doctor, was good at cooking. Once the Browns invited some of their friends to lunch. Mrs. Brown thought it was a good chance for her to ____16____ how wonderfully she could cook, so she ____17____ a new way of cooking a fish dish. She was quite pleased with herself when the dish was ____18____. “I have never cooked such ___19___ dish before!” she thought. As the dish was very ____20____ she put it near the open window to cool for a few minutes. But, several minutes ____21____, when she came back ____22____it, she was shocked(震惊) to find the neighbor’s cat, Chester, at the dish. She was in time to stop the cat ____23____ it was too late. When all the guests sat, the dinner began. The fish dish _____24_____ really wonderful and everyone ___25___ it very much. They talked and laughed ___26___ four o'clock. At the end of the afternoon, when she was alone again, Mrs. Brown felt ____27____but also happy. She sat in a chair near a window to have a ___28___. She happened to look down ____29____ the window, and saw something ____30____ a little animal in the garden. “Oh, it is Chester. Dear, she is dead! Why? The fish dish must be bad! What will ____31____ to my friends?” she was frightened. Immediately she telephoned her husband for ____32____. The doctor told her to telephone ___33___ of the guests to meet him at the hospital as soon as they could. Finally the danger was ___34___. Once again, Mrs. Brown was alone in her chair in the sitting room, still tired but no longer happy. Just then the telephone rang. It was her ___35___ who cried, “Oh, Mrs. Brown, Chester is dead. She was killed by a car and someone put it in your garden.” 16. A. enjoy B. show C. make D. say 17. A. did B. made C. tried D. found 18. A. ready B. gone C. finishing D. already 19. A. an expensive B. an excellent C. a terrible D. a pretty 20. A. hot B. cold C. warm D. heat 21. A. early B. earlier C. later D. late 22. A. with B. to C. for D. after 23. A. after B. before C. when D. until 24. A. tasted B. was eaten C. felt D. looked 25. A. ate B. enjoyed C. had D. ate up 26. A. at B. from C. to D. till 27. A. worried B. sad C. tired D. sorry 28. A. bread B. break C. breath D. stop 29. A. through B. throughout C. past D. out 30. A. as B. seem C. to seem D. like 31. A. change B. happen C. become D. come 32. A. thought B. advice C. ways D. ideas 33. A. both B. any C. all D. some 34. A. end B. missed C. over D. passed 35. A. husband B. doctor C. neighbour D. guest 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个幽默的小故事。布朗太太有一手好厨艺， 有次招待客人，为了展示自己的厨艺，布朗太太尝试着用一种新的方法做鱼，客人吃过后都非常开心，她以为这个鱼被邻居的猫吃过，客人走后她碰巧发现猫死了，非常害怕，让所有的客人都去看医生，最后危险解除，她也收到了邻居的电话，告知猫是被车撞死的。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：布朗太太认为这是一个展示自己厨艺的好机会，所以她试着用一种新的方法做一盘鱼。A. enjoy喜欢；B. show展示；C. make做；D. say说。根据上文“Mr. Brown, the wife of a famous doctor, was good at cooking”所以应该是展示厨艺，故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. did做；B. made使；C. tried尝试；D. found发现。根据下文“a new way of cooking a fish dish”所以她试着用一种新的方法做一盘鱼，故选C。 【18题详解】 考查形容词和副词辨析。句意：菜准备好了，她非常满意。A. ready准备好的；B. gone用完了的；C. finishing完工的；D. already已经。根据上文“She was quite pleased with herself”可知是菜准备好了，故选A。 19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我从来没做过这么好吃菜!”她想。A. an expensive昂贵的；B. an excellent极好的；C. a terrible糟糕的；D. a pretty漂亮的。根据上文“She was quite pleased with herself when the dish was ____3____“可知下文应该是菜做的好，故选B。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义和名词辨析。句意：由于菜很烫，她把它放在开着的窗户附近冷却几分钟。A. hot热的；B. cold冷的；C. warm暖和的；D. heat温度。根据下文”she put it near the open window to cool for a few minutes”可知是菜很热，设空处为be动词后的表语，应用形容词，故选A。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，几分钟后，当她回来取的时候，她震惊地发现邻居家的猫，切斯特在盘子旁边。A. early早的；B. earlier比较早；C. later后来的；D. late晚的。根据下文“when she came back ____7____it”可知是几分钟后来取鱼，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. with和；B. to朝向；C. for为了；D. after在…之后。根据上文说把鱼放在窗户那边凉一下，然后来取，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她及时制止了猫。A. after在…之后；B. before在…之前；C. when当…的时候；D. until直到…才…。根据上文她及时制止了猫，可知应该是在不会太迟之前，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：鱼尝起来真的很好吃，每个人都非常喜欢。A. tasted尝起来；B. was eaten被吃；C. felt触摸；D. looked看起来。根据下文可知每个人都喜欢吃，因此是尝起来好吃，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. ate吃；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. had有；D. ate up 吃光。根据“ really wonderful”可知，每个人都非常喜欢。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们有说有笑一直到4点钟。A. at在；B. from从；C. to向；D. till直到。根据下午的4点钟，以及前文招待客人，可知应该是直到4点钟结束，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午结束时，又只剩布朗太太一个人了，她感到累了，但也很高兴。A. worried担心的；B. sad悲伤的；C. tired累的；D. sorry遗憾的。根据下文的转折及前文的招待客人，应该是累了更符合语境，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她坐在靠窗的椅子上休息了一会儿。A. bread面包；B. break休息；C. breath呼吸；D. stop停止。根据上文感觉累了，可知这里为休息，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：她碰巧透过窗户往下看，看到花园里有一种像小动物的东西。A. through透过；B. throughout遍及；C. past超出；D. out在外。根据下文从窗户往花园里看，应该是透过窗户符合语境，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. as作为；B. seem似乎，好像；C. to seem似乎，好像；D. like像。因为是透过窗户看，所以看到花园里有一种像小动物的东西。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友会怎么样？A. change改变；B. happen发生；C. become成为；D. come来。根据上文“The fish dish must be bad”可推测应该是考虑朋友会怎么样，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她立刻打电话给丈夫征求意见。A. thought想法；B. advice建议；C. ways方法；D. ideas想法。根据上文不知道朋友们都怎么样了，所以打电话给她丈夫征求意见，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：医生告诉她尽快给所有的客人打个电话，让他们到医院来检查。A. both两者；B. any任何一个；C. all所有；D. some一些。根据下文让他们到医院来见他，所以应该是所有客人，因为所有人都吃了鱼。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查副词和动词义辨析。句意：危险终于过去了。A. end结束；B. missed错过；C. over结束；D. passed通过。根据下文可知，猫的死是因为车祸，而不是因为猫吃了鱼，鱼是没有任何问题的，所以所有的宾客都没有任何危险，危险就这样过去了。故C。 35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时她的邻居哭着说:“噢，布朗太太，切斯特死了。A. husband丈夫；B. doctor医生；C. neighbour邻居；D. guest客人。根据前文he was shocked(震惊) to find the neighbor’s cat, Chester，可知是邻居给布朗夫人打电话，故选C。 四、 阅读理解:(共10小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分25分) A Being in an unfamiliar school can be frightening. If you start a new school, you'll have to worry about making friends. Here are some simple tips which help you make new friends more easily. ·Try speaking to the students you're sitting next to in class. As they're close by, it is easy to chat to them first. ·Try to speak to everyone in your class. You will study here for three years, so it helps if you get along well with them. ·If you don't have many friends in your class, try and make new friends in your neighbor classes. You can also chat to them at lunchtimes and after school. ·Join a lunchtime or afterschool club. You'll get to meet kids of all years that way. ·Ask your teacher to pair you With another student. ·Use your "celebrity status"(名人身份）! Since you're the new person, you'll have got celebrity status, which you can use for a couple of weeks. ·Talk to classmates, remember to smile, and be open and friendly. Don't break in while your classmates are speaking. When your classmates talk to you, you should listen carefully and look at them in the eye to make them feel important. ·As you grow older, it's natural to make new friends and sometimes that means you begin to grow apart from your old friends. So try and make time for all your friends. But what if a friendship group is pushing you out? If this is happening to you, ask someone you're friendly with what has happened .If the friendship is hopeless, try to find new friends. 36. According to the passage, moving to an unfamiliar school is_______. A. interesting B. exciting C. uncomfortable D. boring 37. What is the purpose of the passage? A To explain how to make new friends easily. B. To show how to be used to new school life． C. To encourage people to make new friends. D. To introduce how to live in a new school. 38. It is suggested that you should ________. A. try to study well to be popular with the classmates B. try all your best to help your new classmates C. sit close to a familiar classmate in the classroom D. catch every opportunity to communicate with others 39. To make your classmates feel that they are important to you, you can A. smile while talking with them B. watch and listen to them carefully C. be friendly and open to them D. make use of your celebrity status 40. If a friendship group is leaving you out, you should A. make your different friends know each other B. forget them and make new friends at once C. try to know the reason from a close friend D. turn to your teachers or parents for help 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【分析】试题分析：这篇文章就如何结交新朋友这一问题给出一些建议。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Being in an unfamiliar school can be frightening. If you start a new school, you'll have to worry about making friends.”可知，在一所不熟悉的学校里是很可怕的。如果你开始一所新学校，你将不得不担心结交朋友。来到一个新的学校很不舒服。Interesting有趣的；exciting令人激动的；uncomfortable不舒服的；boring无聊的。故选C。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Here are some simple tips which help you make new friends more easily.” 这里有一些简单的建议，可以帮助你更容易地结交新朋友。由此判断出这篇文章的目的是给出一些结交新朋友的建议。故选A。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Try speaking to the students you're sitting next to in class. As they're close by, it is easy to chat to them first.·Try to speak to everyone in your class. You will study here for three years, so it helps if you get along well with them.·If you don't have many friends in your class, try and make new friends in your neighbor classes. You can also chat to them at lunchtimes and after school. ”可知，试着和课堂上坐在你旁边的学生交谈。因为他们离得很近，所以很容易先和他们聊天。试着和你班上的每个人说话。你将在这里学习三年，所以如果你和他们相处得好将会很有帮助。·如果你在班上没有很多朋友，试着在你邻班交新朋友。你也可以在午餐时间和放学后和他们聊天。由此通过这些建议判断出，可以看出作者建议要抓住每一个和别人相处的机会。故选D。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When your classmates talk to you, you should listen carefully and look at them in the eye to make them feel important.”可以看出为了让你的同学们感觉他们对你很重要，看着他们，并且认真听他们说话。故选B。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But what if a friendship group is pushing you out? If this is happening to you, ask someone you're friendly with what has happened .”可知，但如果一个朋友圈把你排挤出去呢?如果这种情况发生在你身上，问问与你亲密的朋友到底发生了什么。故选C。 B Beer and eggs are commonly seen in the kitchen. However, scientists recently found that they were used in historic paintings, too. To preserve Danish paintings, a group of researchers studied what was the composition of ancient paint or what it was made of. They did experiments on small pieces of paintings that had already been cut off from the original artwork. According to their paper published in Science-Advances, grains and yeast (酵母) were found on the base of the paintings. Beer was the most common drink in the 19th century in Denmark, and its by-products were spent (用过已废的) grains and yeast. The study showed that they were used to provide a stable painting surface. Researchers also pointed out that beer by-product was used as a “glue” because it had a lot of sugar. With beer added, the paint can also dry faster. Apart from beer, egg has long been found in oil-based paints used by artists in the 15th century, such as Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci. A recent study published in Nature Communications may have “cracked” the secret of how eggs can help preserve artworks. The researchers re-created the ancient paint by adding egg yolks (蛋黄) to oil paint. They then looked into how it changed over time. The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth. However, the oil paint with added egg usually takes longer to dry. It seemed fine for artists. They were willing to accept that their work would be preserved for a longer period. The more we understand how artists choose and use their materials, the more we can “appreciate what they’re doing”, Ken Sutherland, an expert at the Art Institute of Chicago, US, told Science News. Sutherland added that research like this could help people have a deeper understanding of the artworks. 41. What is the main purpose of the research mentioned in the passage? A. To find out how eggs can help to protect the artworks. B. To study the history of beer and egg consumption in Denmark. C. To explore the benefits of beer and egg consumption for artists. D. To research the composition of ancient paint for protecting Danish paintings. 42. Why were beer by-products used in historic Danish paintings? A. To keep the paintings clean. B. To help the colors stick better. C. To give the painting a different look. D. To make the paintings more colorful. 43. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Kept. B. Shared. C. Controlled. D. Discovered. 44. How did yolk’s proteins help preserve artworks? A. By adding color to the paint. B. By making the paint dry faster. C. By wrinkling the paint with oil. D. By slowing down the oxidation of the paint. 45. According to Ken Sutherland, the research like this provides . A. preservation techniques for paintings B. deeper understanding of the artworks C. more appreciation for artists’ materials D. insights into the history of art materials 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。啤酒和鸡蛋在厨房里很常见，科学家通过研究发现它们也被以前的艺术家添加在绘画颜料中，用于保护画作。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“To preserve Danish paintings, a group of researchers studied what was the composition of ancient paint or what it was made of. They did experiments on small pieces of paintings that had already been cut off from the original artwork.(为了保存丹麦绘画，一组研究人员研究了古代绘画的成分或它是由什么制成的。他们在已经从原作上剪下来的小块画上做实验。)”可知，为了保存丹麦绘画研究人员研究了古代绘画的成分或它是由什么制成的；由此可知，这项研究的目的是研究古代绘画颜料的成分以保护丹麦绘画。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Researchers also pointed out that beer by-product was used as a ‘glue’ because it had a lot of sugar. With beer added, the paint can also dry faster.(研究人员还指出，啤酒副产品被用作‘胶水’是因为它含有大量的糖。加入啤酒后，颜料也能干得更快。)”可知，在丹麦的历史绘画中啤酒副产品起到“胶水”的作用，让颜料粘得更牢，此外加入啤酒后，颜料也能干得更快。故选B。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段“The researchers re-created the ancient paint by adding egg yolks (蛋黄) to oil paint. They then looked into how it changed over time. The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth.(研究人员通过在油画颜料中加入蛋黄，重现了这种古老的颜料。然后他们研究了它是如何随时间变化的。研究结果表明，蛋黄中的蛋白质有助于减缓颜料的氧化和减少褶皱，因为鸡蛋使颜料更光滑。)”以及第七段中“However, the oil paint with added egg usually takes longer to dry. It seemed fine for artists. They were willing to accept that their work would be preserved for a longer period.(然而，加入鸡蛋的油画颜料通常需要更长的时间才能干透。这对艺术家来说似乎还不错。他们愿意接受他们的作品将被保存更长的时间。)”可知，研究人员发现蛋黄中的蛋白质有助于减缓颜料的氧化和减少褶皱，加入鸡蛋的油画颜料通常需要更长的时间才能干透，让作品能够保存更长时间；由此可知，研究人员发现颜料中添加鸡蛋如何帮助保存画作，划线词所在句“A recent study published in Nature Communications may have “cracked” the secret of how eggs can help preserve artworks.(最近发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究可能已经‘cracked’了鸡蛋如何帮助保存艺术品的秘密。)”表达的意思是：最近发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究可能已经破解了鸡蛋如何帮助保存艺术品的秘密；划线单词cracked为“破解，发现”的意思，与D项Discovered“发现”意思一致。故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth.(研究结果表明，蛋黄中的蛋白质有助于减缓颜料的氧化和减少褶皱，因为鸡蛋使颜料更光滑。)”可知，蛋黄中的蛋白质通过减缓颜料的氧化来帮助保存艺术品。故选D。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sutherland added that research like this could help people have a deeper understanding of the artworks.(Sutherland补充说，这样的研究可以帮助人们更深入地了解这些艺术品。)”可知，Ken Sutherland认为这样的研究可以帮助人们更深入地了解这些艺术品。故选B。 五、阅读表达(共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full-time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called “open”. The university was started in order to help a known group of people who missed having a university education when they were young. The first name for the Open University was “the University of the Air”. The idea was to teach “on the air”, in other words, on radio and television. Most of the teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people’s homes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education. The Open University student also receives advice at one of the 283 study centers in the country. In 36 weeks of the year he has to send written work to a “tutor”, the person who guides his students. He must also spend weeks every summer as a full-time student. Tutors and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University’s first year, the results were good. 3 out of 4 students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies in 4 or 5 years. 46. What is the best title of this passage? 47. Why is the university called “open”? 48. What does the “University of the Air” in paragraph 2 mean? 49. Who does the known group refer to ? 50. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 【答案】46. The Open University 47. Because students do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. 48. The University of the Air means to teach “on the air”, in other words, on radio and television. 49. The known group refer to people who missed having a university education when they were young. 50. 四分之三的学生通过了考试。 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开放大学的基本情况，包括其创办宗旨、名字由来、教学特色等。 【46题详解】 考查主旨大意。通读文章可知，根据第一段“This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full-time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called “open”. The university was started in order to help a known group of people who missed having a university education when they were young.”这是开放大学不同于其他大学的一个例子。它的学生必须要么全职工作，要么整天呆在家里，例如，有家庭的母亲。他们在被录取为学生之前不需要通过任何考试。这就是为什么这所大学被称为“开放的”。这所大学的创办是为了帮助那些在年轻的时候错过了大学教育的人。全文都围绕“the Open University”(开放大学)来展开。介绍了它的创办宗旨、名字由来、教学特色等。所以可用该校名作为文章题目，故答案为The Open University.。 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called “open”.（他们在被录取之前不必通过任何考试。这就是为什么这所大学被称为“开放”大学。）”可知，该所大学之所以被称为“开放大学”，是因为与其他学校不一样，该学校不需要入学考试，是开放性的。故答案为Because students do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students.。 【48题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“The first name for the Open University was “the University of the Air”. The idea was to teach “on the air”, in other words, on radio and television.（开放大学的第一个名字是“空中大学”。这个想法是利用“广播”教学，换句话说，在广播和电视上教学。）”可知，空中大学的意思是利用广播或者电视进行教学，故答案为The University of the Air means to teach “on the air”, in other words, on radio and television.。 【49题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“The university was started in order to help a known group of people who missed having a university education when they were young.（这所大学的创办是为了帮助一群年轻时错过大学教育的人们。）”可知，那些人们指的是年轻时错过大学教育的人们，故答案为The known group refer to people who missed having a university education when they were young.。 【50题详解】 考查词句猜测。3 out of 4意为“四分之三”，passed their examinations意为“通过考试”。整句话可翻译成：四分之三的学生通过了考试。故答案为：四分之三的学生通过了考试。 六、书面表达(满分15分) 51. 假设你是校学生会主席，为了解决城市空气污染问题，你代表学生会向全校师生发出倡议。请根据以下要点，用英语写一份倡议书。 1. 简述城市空气污染的危害； 2. 提出解决该问题的建议： （1）尽量少开车； （2）不随地扔垃圾； （3）关闭一些工厂； 3. 发出号召。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear teachers and students, These days one major environmental problem in our city is air pollution. Every day we have to take in very dirty air, which does great harm to our health. To make the air in the city fresher, we should keep the following in mind. Firstly, we should take a bus or ride a bicycle instead of driving a car and try to use cleaner fuels. Secondly, we should not throw litter here and there but put it into the dustbin. Thirdly, some factories should be closed or moved out of the city. Finally, we need to plant more trees or grass to make the air fresh. Let's take action and try our best to make the air in the city cleaner! Thank you! 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以校学生会主席的名誉，代表学生会，为解决城市空气污染问题向全校师生发出倡议，写一份英语倡议书。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 简述城市空气污染的危害； 2. 提出解决该问题的建议： （1）尽量少开车； （2）不随地扔垃圾； （3）关闭一些工厂； 3. 发出号召。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） one major environmental problem; air pollution; dirty air; do great harm to our health; take a bus; ride a bicycle; instead of driving a car; not throw litter here and there; put it into the dustbin; close some factories; plant more trees; take action; make the air cleaner 第三步：连词成句 1. These days one major environmental problem in our city is air pollution. 2. Every day we have to take in very dirty air, which does great harm to our health. 3. To make the air in the city fresher, we should keep the following in mind. 4. Firstly, we should take a bus or ride a bicycle instead of driving a car and try to use cleaner fuels. 5. Secondly, we should not throw litter here and there but put it into the dustbin. 6. Thirdly, some factories should be closed or moved out of the city. 7. Finally, we need to plant more trees or grass to make the air fresh. 8. Let's take action and try our best to make the air in the city cleaner! 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 如范文中表文章结构顺序：Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型1] Every day we have to take in very dirty air, which does great harm to our health.（非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] To make the air in the city fresher, we should keep the following in mind.（非谓语动词不定式作目的状语） [高分句型3] Firstly, we should take a bus or ride a bicycle instead of driving a car and try to use cleaner fuels.（动名词作介词宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$