Unit8单词默写、讲解、词组、语法基础-2023-2024学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

牛津英语8A Unit 8单词默写、讲解、词组、语法基础 8（上）Unit 8 单词默写 序号 汉语 词性 英文默写 序号 汉语 词性 英文默写 1 灾难，不幸，祸害 n. 36 （使）平静（使）镇定 v. 2 用拖把擦干净 vt. 37 冷静 3 完全地 adv. 38 由于，既然 conj. 4 地震 n. 39 仍然 adv. 5 成千上万的 40 活着的 adj. 6 事故，意外的事 41 黑暗 n. 7 长途汽车 n. 42 找到出路 8 猛撞；碰撞 v. 43 呼喊，喊叫声 n. 9 洪水，水灾 n. 44 最后，终于 10 冲走 45 日光 n. 11 村庄，乡村 n. 46 安全的 adj. 12 闪电 n. 47 睡着的 adj. 13 风暴，暴雨 n. 48 在…以后 conj. 14 雷声，雷 n. 49 损坏；打破 vi. 15 着火 50 出故障，坏掉 16 轻微的 adj. 51 因为，由于 17 摇动，震动 n. 52 尽可能… 18 响亮的；大声的；喧闹的 adj. 53 毛巾，浴巾 19 炸弹 n. 54 规则 n. 20 摇动，震动 v 55 铁路 n. 21 害怕，恐惧 n. 56 烧伤，烫伤 n. 22 方向 n. 57 女儿 n. 23 四面八方 58 （外）孙女 n. 24 当…时候，和…同时 conj. 59 儿子 n. 25 砖，砖块 n. 60 （外）孙子 n. 26 崩塌，坍塌 61 木板 n. 27 摇动，震动 n. 62 工作日 n. 28 寂静的 adj. 63 头痛 n. 29 一点也不 64 牙痛 n. 30 是否 conj. 65 乡下，农村 n. 31 紧张不安的 adj. 66 家务活 n. 32 心脏 n. 67 烙饼，薄饼 n. 33 （使）规律作响,作节奏运动 v 68 几乎，将近 adv. 34 困住的 adj. 69 清除，清理 vt. 35 头脑 n. 70 在后面 adv. 二、单元词组 Welcome to the unit 1. natural disasters 自然灾害 2. be all wet 全湿了 3. I was sleeping when it started to rain. 开始下雨的时候，我正在睡觉。 4. —Didn’t you hear the rain? —No, I didn’t. —难道你没听见下雨吗？—是的，我没有。 5. When I woke up, there was water everywhere. 当我醒来时，到处是水。 6. mop it up 把它拖干净 7. lose the final 输掉决赛 9. thousands of people 数千人 10. three thousand people 三千人 11. a car accident 一起车祸 12. The coach crashed into a tree. 长途汽车撞上了一棵树。 13. wash away 冲走 14. fall from a tree/fall off a tree 从树上摔下来 15. hear about 听说 16. a heavy storm with thunder and lightning 一场夹杂着电闪雷鸣的大暴雨 17. Lightning hit a classroom building and it caught fire. 闪电击中了一幢教学楼，然后着火了。 18. catch fire 着火（强调动作） 19. be on fire 着火（强调状态） 20. Was anyone hurt? 有人受伤了吗？ Reading 1. in the early morning 在清晨 2. at first = in the beginning 起初 3. feel a slight shake 感到一阵轻微的震动 4. hear a loud noise like thunder 听到雷声一般的巨响 5. Soon the real noise came, like bombs under the ground. 很快真正的响声来临了，像地底下的炸弹。 6. The earth started to shake. 地面开始摇晃。 7. scream in fear 恐惧地尖叫 8. run out of the building 跑出大楼 9. run out 跑出去[来源:Z_xx_k.Com] 10. try one’s best to do sth = do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力做某事 11. run in all directions 四处奔跑 12. The walls began to come down. 墙开始坍塌了。[来源:Z+xx+k.Com] 13. Finally, the noise and shaking ended. 嘈杂声和摇晃终于停止了。 14. It was dark and silent around me. 我周围一片黑暗和寂静。 15. be silent 安静，沉默 16. I didn’t know if anyone else was near me. 我不知道是否有其他人在我附近。 17. I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。 18. I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast. 我很不安，我的心跳得很快。 19. be trapped 被困住了 20. A moment of fear went through my mind. 我的脑中掠过一阵恐惧。 21. I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 我告诉自己要冷静，因为我还活着。 22. be /stay alive 活着 23. shout for help = scream for help 喊救命 24. pull myself slowly through the dark 在黑暗中缓慢移动。 25. Luckily, there was just enough space for me to move. 幸好，还有足够的空间让我移动。 26. As I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me. 当我正努力寻找出路时，我突然听见上面有嘈杂声。 27. hear shouts from excited people 听到激动的人们的喊声 28. quickly move away the bricks 快速把砖块搬走 29. move them away 把他们搬走 30. see the bright daylight 见到明亮的日光 31. be safe 安全 32. fall to the ground 掉到地面上 m] 33. be/ fall asleep 睡着，入睡 34. be trapped in a dark place 被困在一个黑暗的地方。 35. An earthquake hit Taiwan in 1999. 1999年台湾发生了一场地震。 36. The noise became louder. 响声更大了。 37. speak louder 再大声点说 38. hear his cry for help 听到了他的呼救 Grammar 1. I was sleeping at 10 p.m. last night. 昨晚10点我正在睡觉。 2. What a terrible snowstorm! 多么糟糕的暴风雪啊！ 3. stand on the side of the road. 站在路边 4. Were you waiting for a taxi? 你们在等出租车吗？ 5. break down 出故障，坏了 6. because of the cold weather = because the weather was cold 因为天气很冷 7. ring someone to come and help 打电话叫人来帮忙 8. When/ While/ As Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room. 当Millie在看电视时，Andy走进了房间。 9. Millie was watching TV when Andy came into the room. Andy走进了房间时，Millie正在看电视。 10. While Suzy and Kitty were building a snowman, Millie was taking photos. Suzy和Kitty在堆雪人的时候，Millie正在拍照。 11. Daniel fell over when/ while/ as he was making a big snowball. Daniel在滚一个大雪球时滑倒了。 12. hit him 击中他 13. hit at him 向他打过去，瞄准他 14. hide behind a tree 躲在树后 Integrated skills 1. Try to get out as soon as possible. 试着尽快逃出去。 2. as soon as possible = as soon as sb. can (could) 尽快 3. cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to protect yourself from thick smoke 用湿毛巾捂住口鼻以保护你自己不受浓烟的伤害 4. protect sb. from … 保护某人不受…的伤害 5. stay low to the ground 待在离地面低的地方 6. Never go back into the building on fire. 千万不要跑回起火的大楼。[来 7. Get to high ground, and stay there. 到达高地，并待在那儿。 8. Don’t walk through the flood water. 不要在洪水中行走。 9. hide under a strong desk or table to protect yourself 躲在牢固的课桌或桌子下以保护你自己 10. follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则 11. Do not sit, walk or ride your bicycles on the railways. 不要在铁路上坐着，行走或骑自行车。 12. What did you learn from yesterday’s talk? 你从昨天的讲座中学到了什么？[ 13. learn from sb. 向某人学习 14. keep ourselves safe from fires 在火灾中保证我们自己安全 15. What should we do if our building is on fire? 如果我们的大楼着火了我们应该做什么？ 16. when there’s a flood 当有洪灾发生时 17. when an earthquake happens 当地震发生时 18. burn one’s hands 烫伤了手 19. burn oneself 烫伤自己 20. keep your hand in cold water for about ten minutes 将手放在冷水中约10分钟。 21. cover the burn with a clean towel 用干净的毛巾裹住烫伤的地方 22. put some cream on it 涂上药膏 23. go and see a doctor 去看医生 Task 1. A snowstorm hit Beijing on Friday, 5 January. 一场暴风雪一月五日星期五袭击了北京。 2. get home 到家 3. I shared my umbrella with her while we were walking to the bus stop. 当我们走向车站时，我跟她共用了我的伞。 4. The snow kept falling. 雪不停地下着。 5. We could hear the wind blowing. 我们能听见风在刮的声音。 6. Suddenly, a strong wind came from the behind. 突然，从身后刮来了一阵大风。 7. lose my umbrella in the wind 在风中丢了伞 8. walk slowly in the deep snow 在厚厚的雪地里缓慢前行 9. see many people waiting there 看见很多人在那等 10. get on a bus to Millie’s home 上了前往Mille家的公交车 11. I heard the noise of the traffic the next morning. 第二天早晨，我听见了车辆的嘈杂声。 12. clear the snow from the streets 清除街道上的雪 三、Unit 8单元知识点 1、thousands of表示“成千上万的”，后接可数名词复数形式 hundred, thousand, million, billion和具体数字连用时，用单数形式，只有与介词of连用，表示大约数字时，才能用复数形式。 a) There are_______ (hundred) of people by the sea. b) There are ______ students in the playground,______ the students are girls. A. 4 hundred; 2 hundreds of B. 4 hundreds; 2 hundreds of C. 4 hundreds; 2 hundreds D. 4 hundred;2 hundreds c) ________ visitors come to Xingyi during May Day holidays every year. A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands 2、run out意为“跑出去”;run out of“从……跑出去” run out还可以表示“用完、用光”;run out of“把……用完” The girl ran out of the shopping mall when she heard the noise. Time is running out. We must hurry up. If you run out of your money, you can ask me for some. Some people ___________the shopping mall because of the earthquake. A. ran out B. ran out of C. ran out to D. run out 3、try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽最大努力做某事”=do one’s best to do sth. We should try/do our best to learn English well. --- Work hard, or you will fail in the examination. --- Well, I'll ________. A. try one's best B．try my best C．do one's best D．do my better 4、 in all directions表示“四面八方、在各个方向”，与in every direction同义。 In which_______（方向）are you going, north or south? Animals ran wildly everywhere.（改为同义句） Animals ran in_______ _______.. People ran ________ (quick) in all __________ (direction) when the earthquake __________ (happen). not...at all意为“根本不……、一点也不”。 I don’t like Beijing opera at all. 5、if表示“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，这时主句一般用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。 a)If you him tomorrow . Please ask him if he to work on the farm with us . A. see ; goes B. will see ; goes C. will see ; will go D. see ; will see b)─ Is the woman next door guilty? ─ We are not sure she will be charged theft or robbery. A. that;of B. if ; with C. Whether;of D. whether. with c)I don’t know if he ____________ (come)to see his daughter tomorrow. d)We don’t know ____________ the train leaves at half past three this afternoon. A. if B. when C. how D. where 6、 nervous作形容词，表示“紧张不安的” be nervous about....“对……感到紧张” a)The child felt even ___________(nervous) when it was dark and quiet around him. b)— In order not to feel too 　　　at the show, you need to spend some time preparing for it. — Thanks. I am busy getting ready for it these days. A. excited B. nervous C. surprised D. generous 7、 beat作动词可以表示“（心脏、脉搏）跳动、敲打、打败(人，队伍）”。 beat-beat-beaten After running, your heart usually beats faster. My brother likes beating the drum. We beat Class 1 at basketball. a) Our school basketball team_______（击败）his. b) Her heart ___________(beat) fast when she ran up the stairs . 8、through, over和across辨析 through表示从物体内部空间穿过；over表示从物体上方越过；across表示从物体表面穿过 。 go through表示“穿过、穿越” 9、since此处意为“既然、由于、因为”，表示众所周知或者显而易见的原因，相当于as。 You are ill. You don't have to go to school.（用since将两个句子改为主从复合句） ____________________________________________________________ --- How long have you lived in Yangzhou? --- I was ten years old. A. When B. For C. From D. Since —_____you know English is important, you should learn it well. —But I found it hard for me ______ it well. A. Since; to learn B. For; learn C. Because of; learning D. Because; learned ____ it rained heavily for a whole day today, the temperature dropped a lot in the afternoon. A. So B. If C. When D. Since Things are getting better and better ________ time goes by. A. while B. as C. since D. before 10、shout for help意为“喊救命”=scream/cry for help shout at sb. “朝某人大喊” a)He shouted____________ help , but no one came at last . A to B. for C at D on b)The girl shouted ____ help, but no one came ___ a long time. A. to, to B. to, for C. for, to D. for, for 11、fall asleep“入睡” fell sleepy ‘感到困’ a)Timmy was_______ after he went to bed. A. fall asleep B. fell asleep C. soon asleep D. fast asleep b)My son fell_______（熟睡的）soon. c)The man soon fell ___________(sleep) after working the whole night . d)He is fast _______(sleep), but I can’t go to sleep. 12、on the side of the road“在路边”，on both sides of the road“在路的两边”，也可以说成on each/either side of the road。 The man is standing on the side of the road, waiting for the bus. There’re many trees on both sides of the road. a) The police searching the shops on sides of the street for any possible clues. A. are;each B. are; both C. is;both D. is;each b) The police searching the shops on _____ side of the street any possible clues. A. are;each B. are; both C. is;both D. is;each 13、break down表示“出故障、坏掉”，是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态中。 We were all late for school yesterday because our school bus broke down on the way. The printing machines are always breaking down. 【拓展】break的相关短语 break into 强行闯入 break in 打断、插嘴 break out 爆发 break away from 脱离 Oh, my god! Our house last night. Look at the footprints (脚印) on the floor. A. broke into B. was breaking into C. broken into D. was broken into 14、as...as possible意为“尽可能…”相当于as...as one can，两个as中间用形容词或者副词原级。 My mother asks us to come home as early as possible. You should study as hard as you can. a) Nothing is (possible) if you put your heart into it b) When there is a fire , you should get out ___________. A. as slowly as possible B. as soon as we can C. as soon as possible D. as quickly as we can c) We should do exercises as ________ as possible to keep _________. A. more, healthy B. much, health C. more, health D. much, healthy 15、protect...from/against...意为“保护……免受……”。 a) Can you think of any tips to protect yourselves crime ? A. safety ; against B. safety ; on C. safe ; against D. safe ; on b) We should do everything we can the birds in danger . A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 16、stay away from意为“远离……、不靠近……”=keep away from。 toothache意为“牙疼”，toothache是tooth和ache的合成词，类似的还有headache, backache, stomachache。 I had a toothache yesterday. 17、nearly与almost的辨析 一般情况下，两者可以互换，但是almost可用于any以及no, none, nobody, nothing, never等否定词之前，但nearly一般不这样用；nearly前可用very, pretty, not等词修饰，但almost之前不能用这些词。 Almost any man can do it. Almost no one came to the party. It’s not nearly so difficult as you think. 18、when, while和as 的用法区别 (1) when “当…..时候”, 可指时间点/时间段, 从句中的谓 语动词可用延续性动词/非延续性动词. 这些动词可以表示动作/状态. 从句中的动作既可 和主句的动作同时发生, 也可在主句动作之前或之后发生. I came to this school when I was 14 years old. The students were talking noisily when the teacher came in. (2) While “在…..的时候, 在…..期间”, 他总是指一个时间段, 从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的, 它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中. I was cooking supper while he was playing the piano. The teacher came in while the students were talking noisily. (3)as 引导时间状语从句, 作”当…..的时候”解, 有”随着…..”之意, 与while 的意义相近, 强调两个动同时发生; 或某事一发生, 另一事立即发生. He shouted aloud as he ran along. (4)【提醒】 固定句型结构 (1). 过去进行时(主句)+ while + 过去进行时(从句) (2). 一般过去时(主句)+ while + 过去进行时(从句) (3). 过去进行时(主句)+ when + 一般过去时(从句) (4). 一般过去时(主句)+ as + 一般过去时(从句) 四、单元语法 过去进行时 (1) 过去进行时的概念 过去进行时表示在过去某个时间或某个时间段正在进行的动作. (2) 过去进行时的用法 1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作. What were you doing at 7 p.m. yesterday? 2)表示过去某一时间段内一直正在进行的动作 We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 3) 过去进行时中常用的时间状语：at that time, at 9 last night, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening，these days等; 也可与时间状语从句连用,: when I saw him, while he was walking; 还可以通过上下文的暗示: We were having an English class at that time. He was playing with his classmates at 4: 30 yesterday afternoon. Were you doing your homework when your father got home? Dad was cooking while Mum was washing clothes. When or While? 1. We were talking the teacher came into the classroom. 2.I was singing he was dancing. 3. I was cutting hair, the UFO landed. 4.The boys were playing by the river Tom fell into the river. 5.My mother was washing my father was cooking. 6.What were you doing the UFO arrived? 用动词的适当形式填空 1. What ________ your brother ________ (do) at nine o’clock last night? 2. They ____________ (listen) to music at that time. 3. When I saw him, he _____________ (search) the Internet. 4. They ______________ (discuss) a problem in the meeting room at this time yesterday. 5. ______ Amy (visit) the Science Museum from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. yesterday? 单选 ( )1.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ____ at a radio shop at that time. A. will work B. was working C. works D. is working ( )2.What __ Mike __ at 10:00 last night ? A. did , do B. will , do C. is ,doing D. was , doing ( )3.---Where is Lucy now ?--- Look ! She ___TV with her mother in the living room . A. is watching B. watching C. was watching D. watched ( ) 4. Many social workers went to Ya’an to ______ clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake. A put out B come out C work out D give out (常州) ( ) 5. 一Have you heard about that car accident near the school? 一Yes, luckily no one________. (苏州) A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. were hurt ( ) 6. _______a beautiful car! I've never seen it before. (苏州) A. What B. Which C. How D. Whether ( ) 7. After quarreling, she said nothing and ran away in the ______ direction. (镇江) A. opposite B. right C. left D. front ( ) 8. — ____ fresh vegetables! — I myself grow them. Go to the balcony, you can see more A. How B. What C. What a D. How a. (镇江) ( ) 9. The chairperson received about three ______ applications to join the Bird watching Club. A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds(苏州) ( ) 10. —What should I do when the earthquake happens, Dad? (泰州) —First of all, it’s important to_________ and hide yourself in the corners of the room. A. calm down B. put down C. get down D. fall down ( ) 11. Our school is so famous that _______ people come and visit it every term. (宿迁) A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of ( ) 12. Eddie was sleeping _______ Millie was reading a magazine. (宿迁) A. until B. while C. before D. after ( ) 13. ________ people lost their homes in Japan’s earthquake. (淮安) A. Two thousands B. Thousand C. Thousands of D. Thousand of ( ) 14.___________nice the ice cream looks! I can't wait to taste it. (淮安) A. How a B. How C. What a D. What ( ) 15. —Listen! Someone is playing the piano. —Wow! ______ beautiful music! I like it very much (扬州) A. What B. How a C. What a D. How ( ) 16. The earthquake which happened in Yushu ________2010, 14th April was a big disaster. A. at B. on C. in D. to(苏州) ( ) 17. ----A new book on how to lose weight is ___ soon. ----Really? I can’t wait to read it. (扬州) A. giving out B. coming out C. working out D. selling out ( ) 18. On April 14,2010 , a terrible ___ hit Yushu, Qinghai. We were sad and donated much money. A. flood B. earthquake C. typhoon D. snowstorm(淮安) ( ) 19. The fire was completely _______ shortly afterwards with the help of the firemen. (连云港) A. cut down B. put out C. given out D. floated away ( ) 20. Mr. Brown always makes his class ________ and keeps his students ______ in class. (镇江) A. alive; interesting B. lively; interesting C. alive; interested D. lively; interested ( ) 21. It took the firemen two hours to _______ the fire. (苏州) A. put out B. put up C. put on D. put away ( ) 22. ________ our hometown is only a small city, the number of foreigners living and working here is growing fast. (盐城) A. Since B. If C. Although D. Because ( ) 23. So far, doctors have saved _________ people’s lives in the quake-hit area. (淮安) A. thousands of B. thousand C. thousand of ( ) 24. Luckily, all the students got out of the teaching building ______ it fell down. (泰州) A. until B. before C. since D. while 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$