专题03 Unit2 Neighbourhood (Welcome to the unit --Reading)-【寒假】2025年七年级英语寒假学习讲义（译林版2024）

专题03 Unit2 Neighbourhood (Welcome to the unit --Reading) neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n. （AmE neighborhood）街区；邻近的地方 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 高级职员，官员 police officer /pəˈliːs ɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 警察，警员 station /ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 站，所，局 police station /pə'liːs 'steɪʃən/ n. 警察局，派出所 restaurant /ˈrestrɒnt/ n. 餐厅，餐馆 neighbour /ˈneɪbə(r)/ n. （AmE neighbor）邻居 above /əˈbʌv/ prep. 在（或向）...上面 adv. 在（或向）上面 lawyer /ˈlɔɪə(r)/ n. 律师 law /lɔː/ n. 法律，法规，规则 community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区 from time to time 偶尔，有时 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 vi.&vt. 自愿做，义务做，无偿做 laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ n. 工程师 check /tʃek/ vt.&n. 检查，核查 broken /ˈbrəʊkən/ adj. 出来了毛病的，破损的 someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ pron. (=somebody)某人 repair /rɪˈpeə(r)/ vt.&n. 修理 anyone /ˈeniwʌn/ pron. (=anybody)任何人 college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ n. 学院，<美>大学 willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 愿意，乐意 be willing to do sth 乐意做某事 tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ vi.&vt. 使整洁，整理 such /sʌtʃ/ det.&pron. 如此；这样的 any time /ˈeni taɪm/ adv. 在任何时候 考点1.Close neighbours are better than distant relatives.远亲不如近邻。 1.close a. close + 名词：表示关闭某个物品或设备。例如：Please close the window.（请关上窗户。） b.close + 介词短语：表示靠近或接近某个地方。例如：The store is close to my house.（这家商店离我家很近。） c.;亲密的;几乎(处于某种状态);（家庭关系）亲近的;紧密相关的;例如：close friends (亲密的朋友） 2.better than 比...好 better 是good/well的比较级，A is better than B.A比B好。 词组：had better do 最好做某事 3.distant relatives 远亲 distant ：名词distance cover a distance of ...走过多元的距离 考点2.join的用法 用法分析 join指“参加、加入（党派、团体等组织）”，join sb.in（ doing）sth.意为“加入到某人的某一活动中”。 吉姆想加入足球队。Jim wants to join the soccer team. 他将和我们一起唱这首歌。He'll join us in singing the song. 考点辨析join,join in,take part in join “参加，加入”，指加入某个组织或团体，成为其成员之一，如参军、入团、入党、加入俱乐部等。 join in “join in+某活动”，相当于“take part in+某活动”。 take part in 指“参加”会议、考试、竞赛或群众性活动，重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用 他说他要参军。He says he's going to join the army. 我可以参加这个游戏吗？Can I join in the game？ 我没有参加会议。I didn't take part in the meeting. —Mike, what club do you want to ？ —The art club.I love painting. A.take part in B.join in C.join D.join for 考点3.What about...？的用法 用法分析 What about...?（= How about...？）后面可接名词、代词、动名词等，用于提出建议、征询意见、询问天气等，意为“……怎么样？/……好吗？”。 一起踢足球怎么样？What/How about playing soccer together？ 去看电影怎么样？—What about going to the movies？ 好主意！—Good idea！ 用所给词的适当形式填空 What about （practice）swimming this summer vacation？ 考点4.考点辨析also,too,either,as well “也”不一样 also用于肯定句中 be动词/助动词/情态动词之后或实义动词之前 too用于肯定句中 放在句末，前有逗号，或作为插入语放在句中 either用于否定句中 置于句末，前有逗号 as well用于肯定句句末 不用逗号，比too正式 I like English and she likes English, too. =I like English and she also likes English.我喜欢英语，她也喜欢英语。 You don't like this hat.Idon't like it,either.你不喜欢这顶帽子。我也不喜欢它。 He is a teacher and a writer as well.他是一位教师，也是一位作家。 注意（1）在肯定句变否定句时，其中的also,too都要改为 either。 （2）too也可在宾格代词后作为一种简略回答，如：“Me,too.”；否定用“Me, neither.”。 She likes playing soccer and I like playing it. A.too B.either C.as well D.also 考点5.help的用法 用法分析 help（sb.）with sth.在某方面帮助（某人）；帮助某人做某事，with后接名词、代词或动名词。相当于 help sb.（to） do sth.。 她经常帮助我学英语。She often helps me to learn English. =She often helps me with my English. 考点拓展help用作名词“帮助”。with the help of sb.= with one's help在某人的帮助下。 Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。 With the help of the boy,she passed the exam.在这个男孩的帮助下，她通过了考试。 固定搭配 help的固定搭配 can't help doing 忍不住/禁不住做…… help oneself to 随便吃/喝…… I can't help crying.我忍不住哭了。 Help yourself to some fish！请随便吃点鱼吧！ Ann often helps me my math after school. A.for B.with C.on D.by 考点6.考点辨析 what time,when what time 用于询问时间点，此时相当于when。 when 既可以问时间点，也可以问时间段，还可以询问年、月及日期。 What time/When do you usually go to school？你通常几点去上学？ When is Teachers' Day？教师节是什么时候？ Don't come across the street when the light is red.当红灯亮时不要过马路。 注意when还表示“当……的时候”，而what time无此意。 考点7. luck的用法 用法分析 luck n.“运气”。 good luck祝好运，用于祝福某人。 祝你好运。Good luck to you. 小提示 good luck with sth.表示“祝某事成功/顺利”，“祝福某人成功/走运”用“ good luck to sb.”。 考点拓展“运气”不同。 （1）lucky形容词，意为“幸运的”，反义词 unlucky不幸的，既可以做表语，也可以做定语。 Western people think thirteen is an unlucky number.西方人认为十三是个不幸运的数字。 （2）luckily副词，幸运地，反义词 unluckily不幸地，通常放在句首，表示感慨或遗憾。 Luckily,no one was hurt in this accident.幸运的是，没有人在这场事故中受伤。 （3）luck名词，运气， good luck好运，用于祝福某人。bad luck真倒霉，指运气不佳。 温馨提示 常用祝福语：Have fun！/ Have a good time！玩得开心点！/ Have a good dream！做个好梦！/Have a nice day！祝你度过美好的一天！/Best wishes.最美好的祝愿、祝福（给你）。 —Mum, I'll take an important test tomorrow. —Don't be nervous,Sandy. A.Good luck！ B.Good idea！ C.Well done！ D.Have a good time！ 考点8.let句型表示提建议的用法 用法分析 let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，否定形式 let sb. not do sth.，意为“让某人不要做某事”，该句型用于提建议。肯定回答一般是OK./Al right./Good idea.，否定回答一般是 Sorry。I...等。 我们一起去上学吧。Let's go to school together. 让我们去看电影吧。—Let's see a film. —Sorry,I have to do my homework first.对不起，我得先写我的家庭作业。 考点拓展表示建议的常见句型： What/How about..？……怎么样？ Why not/don't...？为什么不……？ Shall I/we do sth.？让我/我们做……好吗？ Would you like to do sth.？你想做某事吗？ You'd better（not）do sth.你最好（不）做某事。 —Let's the movies！ —I'm sorry.I must______ my homework first. A.going；do B.go；doing C.go；do D.going；doing 考点9.one of...的用法 用法分析 one of后接复数名词或代词，意为“……之一”，做主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 我最喜欢的运动之一是篮球。One of my favorite sports is basketball. 特殊考点 one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一” Lu Xun was one of the greatest writers in China.鲁迅是中国最伟大的作家之一。 考点10.考点辨析 question,problem question指感到疑惑，提出的待解答的问题，常与ask/answer搭配使用；problem指客观存在的有待解决的问题，尤指比较困难的问题、习题，常与solve（解决）和 work out（算出来）搭配使用。 Answer your teacher's questions.回答你老师的问题。 This math problem is not difficult.I can work it out.这道数学题不难。我能算出来。 特殊考点 have problems doing sth.表示“做某事有困难、费劲”。 I have a lot of problems finishing the work.完成这项工作我有好多困难。 —Could you help me carry the equipment to the basketball field,Robin？ — .I'll do it at once. A.Not at all B.No problem C.Wait a moment D.That's right 考点11.any的用法 用法分析any“一些”，用于疑问句或否定句中，用于肯定句时，起强调作用，强调“任何，任何的”。 在教室的前面有一些花吗？Are there any flowers in front of the classroom？ 任何时间都可以。Any time is OK. 注意any做形容词时，也可用于肯定句中，后跟可数名词单数，表示三者或三者以上中的“任何一个”。 You can take any book you like.你可以拿走你喜欢的任何一本书。 考点拓展some用于肯定句，表示“一些”。但征询意见并希望得到肯定回答时，在疑问句中也要用some,不用any。 Can you give us some help？你能给我们一些帮助吗? 考点12.other的用法 用法分析 other adj.其他的，表泛指，后跟名词。 我们去买些别的蔬菜吧。Let's go shopping for some other vegetables. 考点拓展 any other表示“其他任何一个；任何其他的……”，指在同一范围内除了一部分人或物以外的其他人或物，后接单数可数名词。 Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class.李磊比班上其他任何一个学生都聪明。 考点辨析one...the other,another,some...others,some...the others,each other “其他” 各不同 one...the other 一个……另一个 another （三者或三者以上中的）另一个 some...others 一些……，另一些（并非全部）…… some...the others 一些……，另一些（剩下的全部）…… each other 互相 I have two pens.One is red,and the other is blue.我有两支钢笔。一支是红的，另一支是蓝的。 These pears are quite delicious.Would you like another one？这些梨很好吃。你想再来一个吗？ Look！Some are taking photos.Others are lying on the beach.看！一些人在照相。还有些人躺在沙滩上。 There are twenty pencils in my box.Five are yours,the others are mine.在我的盒子里有20支铅笔。有五支是你的，其余都是我的。 We should learn from each other.我们应该互相学习。 Catherine has two cousins.One is quiet,and is noisy. A.another B.the other C.other D.others 考点13.考点辨析 in hospital,in a/the hospital （1）in hospital指“在住院（治病）”，hospital不是指某个具体的医院，前不加冠词。 My grandfather is ill in hospital.我祖父生病住院了。 （2）in a/the hospital指“在医院里（不一定生病）”如：在医院里工作/学习/看病人等。 Half the doctors in the hospital come from Beijing.医院里的一半医生来自北京。 考点拓展 类似的其他搭配 at table 在吃饭 at a/the table 在桌边，在桌子旁边 at school 在上学 at the school 在学校 Danny's grandmother is ill in hospital.He'll go there to see her after school. A.an B.the C.a D./ 考点14.“What+be+主语+like？的用法 用法分析 “What+be+主语+like？”意为“……是什么样的人？”，多用于询问某人的性格或品质。 —What is her sister like？她姐姐是什么样的人？ —She is quite kind.她相当善良。 考点拓展“What do/does+主语+look like？”这个句式用来询问某人的外貌特征，意为“……什么样？”，回答时常用“主语+be+描述人物外貌特征的形容词”或“主语+have/has+名词（名词前可以有多个形容词修饰）”或“主语+be of+...height（指个头）”。 你父亲长什么样？—What does your father look like？ 他高高的个子，留着胡须。—He is tall.He has a beard. 她中等个头。She is of medium height. —What does your brother look like？ — . A.He is outgoing B.He is really tall and thin C.He is a student D.He is in hospital 考点15.anything的用法 用法分析 anything是不定代词“任何东西；任何事物”，用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。 如果把眼睛闭上，你就什么也看不见了。 If you close your eyes,you can't see anything. 考点拓展 something“某事，某物”，用于肯定句； nothing“没什么；没什么东西”，相当于not anything；everything“每件事物；最重要的东西”。以上不定代词做主语，谓语用第三人称单数。 Let me in.I have something important to tell you.让我进去。我有要事告诉你。 There is nothing in the box.盒子里什么也没有。 Everything begins to grow in spring.春天万物开始生长。 特殊考点（1）在表示请求、征询某人建议的疑问句中，希望得到对方的肯定回答用 something，不用 anything。 你想喝点什么吗？—Would you like something to drink？ 好的。—Yes,please. （2）形容词修饰不定代词 anything/something等时，形容词后置。 Did you hear anything interesting there？你在那儿听到什么有趣的事了吗？ —Did you find funny in the book？ —Yes.It talks about how to be a good kid. A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything 考点16.time的用法 用法分析 time做名词，意为“时间，一段时间”。固定句型：It's time for sth.到某事的时间了。 It's time（for sb.）to do sth.到了（某人）做某事的时间了。 到上学的时间了。It's time for school. 到他们上英语课的时间了。It's time for them to have an English class. 固定搭配 与time相关的短语 on time 准时 all the time 一直，始终 at times 有时，间或 in time 及时 考点拓展time还可做可数名词，意为“次，回”。 We do sports three times a week.我们一周做三次运动。 考题预测 Hurry up！It's time to school. A.go B.to go C.goes D.going 考点17.such的用法 用法分析 such做形容词，意为“这样的；这种”，用来修饰名词（名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带）。如果修饰可数名词单数，后面需加不定冠词a/an。 我们对这样的事情感兴趣。We are interested in such things. 他给我们讲了一个如此有趣的故事。He told us such a funny story. 考点辨析 so，such “如此，这样”各不同 so修饰形容词或副词 句式 so+形容词或副词 so+形容词+a/an+单数名词 so可以用来修饰“many/much/such不能这样用few/little+名词”， such修饰名词（短语） 句式 such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词 such+形容词+复数名词或不可数名词 I am so glad to hear from my friend.收到我朋友的信我真高兴。 This is so important a match.这是一场多么重要的比赛。 I had never seen such a good match before that day.那天以前我从未看过这样好的比赛。 Don't make so much noise！别制造那么多噪音！ -I'm going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan. -Oh, really？ Taiwan is a beautiful island that a lot of people go to visit it every year. A. so B. too C. such D. much 考点18.during的用法 用法分析 during做介词，意为“在……期间”。during相当于in，其后不能再接介词短语。 越来越多的人选择在春节期间去旅游。More and more people choose to travel during the Spring Festival. 寒假期间学生们要回家去。The students will go home during the winter vacation. 假期里我玩得痛快极了。During the holidays I had a great time. 特殊考点 对“during…”介词短语提问用疑问词when。 -It is said that children in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at night ___C___ their military training（军训）. -Really？So their training is much harder than ours. A. after B. since C. during D. before 一.词汇 A.根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写出单词 1.We offered to look after our 　　　(邻居的) dog when she was away. 2.We can go to a 　　　(超市) to buy some food for the birthday party.  3.The Nanjing Museum 　　　(欢迎) millions of people every year.   4.They are all good c　　　, and they can make good Chinese food.  5.I'm crazy about the folk stories l　　　 Yu Gong Moves the Mountains and Hou Yi Shoots the Suns.  B.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 6.Many 　　　(visit) watch the flag⁃raising ceremony(升旗仪式)at Tian’anmen Square every morning.  7.How beautiful those tall 　　　(build) look!  8.I am going 　　　(buy) some fruit on my way back tomorrow. 9.The two old men 　　　(go) fishing this afternoon, won’t they?  10.The gloves are that 　　　(wait). Don’t take them away, Alice.  二.单项选择 11.The boys from 　　　USA live in 　　　Fifth Street.  A.the;/　　　　　B./;the　　　　　C./;/　　　　　D.the;the 12.My mother is a 　　　in Zhongshan Hospital. She has saved many people’s lives.  A.singer　　　 B.doctor　　　　 C.writer 13.Do whatever you can for the community,　　　 looking after the old or teaching kids art.  A.with　　　　　B.under　　　　　C.like　　　　D.over 14.—Will you come to the party next Sunday? —　　　. I will visit my grandparents with my parents.  A.All right　　　　　 B.I think so C.I’m afraid so　　　　　 D.I’m afraid I can’t 三.根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子,词数不限 15.我打算这个周末去拜访我的新邻居们。 16. ——你哥哥是做什么的? ——他是一家餐馆的服务员。 —What 　　 　your older brother 　 　　?  —He is 　　　　 　　in a restaurant.  17.有一个像你这样的朋友真好。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　  18.我们街区周围的大多数房子都是两层。 　　　　　 　the houses have two floors 　　　　　　　　　.  四.单项选择 19.Mike works as 　　　engineer in 　　　capital city of Jiangsu Province.  A.a;the　　　　 B.an;a C.an;the　　　　　D.the;the 20.—Can you cook eggs with tomatoes? —Yes, of course. 　　　can do it. It’s so easy.  A.Someone　　 B.Anyone C.No one　　　　　D.Anything 21.Miss Wang often asks us to 　　　the answers carefully after we finish(完成) our homework.  A.check　　　　 B.design C.follow　　　 D.share 22.—You are Jim’s classmate. 　　　he 　　　?  —Well, Jim is helpful and kind. A.How’s;like　 B.What’s;like C.How’s;/　　　 D.What’s;/ 23.Jenny is 　　　. She is ready 　　　others at all times.  A.helpful;to help　B.help;to help C.helpful;helping　D.help;helping 五 .按要求完成句子,每空一词 24.My neighbours are friendly and helpful.(对画线部分提问)  　　　 are your neighbours 　　　?  25.There’s something wrong with my mobile phone.(改成否定句) 　　　 　　　 　　　 wrong with my mobile phone.  26Her washing machine isn’t working well.(同义句转换) 　　　is wrong 　　　her washing machine.  27.We are lucky to have a teacher like Miss Li.(同义句转换) 　　　 　　　for us 　　　 　　　 a teacher like Miss Li.  六.根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子,词数不限 28.我打算叫人来修理这辆自行车。 I’m going to 　　　　　　　　　the bicycle.  29.志愿者们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。 Volunteers can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  30.经理的电脑出故障了吗? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 31.这个周末,一些志愿者打算帮助老人们购物。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 32.住在像这样一个带有美丽花园的房子里,我是幸运的。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  七.完形填空 Helping others is fun. It’s helpful to do kind, peaceful things for others. One of my favourite 　33　 to do this is developing my own helping habits. And you will feel 　34　 to be kind and helpful to others. We live in the country of the San Francisco. Most of 　35　 we see is the beauty of nature. But we often see some people 　36　 litter out of their windows as they drive on the roads. People 　37　 see public services in the country, such as a dustbin. So I often take my two children to 　38　 litter in our surrounding area. Picking up litter is only one kind of helping habits.  We’ve become so accustomed (习惯的) to doing this that my daughters will often 　39　 to me excitedly, “There is some litter, Daddy. 　40　 the car!” And if we have time, we will do it and pick it up. It may seem strange, but we really 　41　 it. We pick up litter in parks, on sidewalks, nearly everywhere. Once I even saw a stranger picking up litter close to where we live. He smiled at me and said, “I saw you doing it, and it 　42　 like a good idea.”  33.A.reasons　　　　 B.ways C.things　　　　 D.sports 34.A.lucky　　　　　 B.modern C.good　　　　 D.surprised 35.A.when　　　　　 B.how C.what　　　　 D.which 36.A.throw　　　　　 B.put C.take　　　　　 D.carry 37.A.often　　　　 B.seldom C.sometimes　　 D.always 38.A.collect　　　　 B.find C.take　　　　 D.pick up 39.A.talk　　　　　 B.say C.speak　　　 D.tell 40.A.Check　　　　 B.Drive C.Stop　　　　 D.Clean 41.A.remember　　　 B.have C.enjoy　　　 D.get 42.A.sounds　　　　 B.feels C.seems　　　　 D.be 能力提升 一 Israeli farmer Chahi Ariel has grown the world's heaviest strawberry, according to Guinness World Records(吉尼斯世界纪录）.The strawberry is 18 cm long. It weighs 289 g .It is about 24 times heavier than most strawberries. The last record for the world's heaviest strawberry was 250 g. It was found by Koji Nakao from Japan in 2015. How is it possible that Ariel's strawberry is so big? The weather in Israel in late January and early February in 2021 was very cold. There wasn't enough sunlight(日光). So the fruit grew very slowly after flowering. This made it become large in size when it ripened(成熟). Ariel hoped to break a record when he saw how big the fruit was growing on his family farm last year. He kept the strawberry in the fridge while waiting for a message from Guinness.“ When I heard the result, it was an amazing feeling. I jumped in the car, laughed and sang," said Ariel. "I've been waiting for this for a longtime.” 1.What is special about Ariel's strawberry? A. It looks nice. B. It tastes more delicious. C. It is big and heavy. D. It can be kept for a long time. 2.The world's longest strawberry in the last record weighed_____. A.18cm B. 250 cm C. 268cm D.24cm 3. How does the writer develop Paragraph 2? A. By telling stories. B. By giving reasons. C. By listing numbers. D. By giving examples. 4.What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Ariel felt very excited about the result. B. Breaking the world record was Ariel's biggest wish. C. Guinness asked Ariel to keep the strawberry in the fridge. D. Ariel waited for the message from Guinness for many years. 5.What's the passage mainly about? A. A farmer received a message from Guinness. B. A farmer shared his strawberries with his friends. C.A farmer hoped the weather in Israel got warmer. D. A farmer grew the heaviest strawberry in the world. 二 During the pandemic, the number of people using London's subway fell（减少）by almost 20%. The reason was the Omicron variant(变体）of COVID.19. The government(政府) 1 （ask）people to do their work at home. In the last week of November. numbers for the rush hour(交通高峰期) 2 （show）that the number of people in the subway was down by 18%. Schools were still open. 3 （child） usually went to school by bus, so the number of people 4 （use） the bus was down only by 6%. Businesses(企)in the City of London told 5 （they） workers to work 6 home again. Even before the change, some workers 7 （usual） stayed home working. They tried not to go 8 to stay away from catching the virus(病毒). However. British government didn't make stricter 9 （rule） to fight against COVID-19 at that time. Maybe they didn't want 10 （see）a quiet Christmas or a quiet New Year's Day. 三 There are some truly amazing places of interest across the world. One such place is the world's longest staircase(阶梯) on Niesen，Switzerland（瑞士). The staircase is 3.4 kilometers long, and it has 11,674 steps. It is on the face of Mountain Niesen. The mountain is also known as the“ Swiss Pyramid(金字塔)”. Usually, the staircase is closed. But every year in June, it is opened up for the world's longest single-staircase(单跑阶梯)race. Up to500 racers climb this super long staircase at a great speed(速度）.The fastest record(纪录) is one hour and two minutes for men, and one hour and nine minutes for women. The 2021 race was canceled(取消)because of COVID-19,but you can join the next one from June 11th to12th,2022. If you don't want to run up to the top, you can ride on the Niesen train. It runs along the staircase. The 28-minute ride is of course a great time for sightseeing! 1.Where is the staircase? 2. How many steps does the staircase have? 3. What is the fastest record for women in the race? 4.How many people climb this super long staircase it June? 5.How can people get to the top of the mountain in a quicker way? 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 Unit2 Neighbourhood (Welcome to the unit --Reading) neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n. （AmE neighborhood）街区；邻近的地方 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 高级职员，官员 police officer /pəˈliːs ɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 警察，警员 station /ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 站，所，局 police station /pə'liːs 'steɪʃən/ n. 警察局，派出所 restaurant /ˈrestrɒnt/ n. 餐厅，餐馆 neighbour /ˈneɪbə(r)/ n. （AmE neighbor）邻居 above /əˈbʌv/ prep. 在（或向）...上面 adv. 在（或向）上面 lawyer /ˈlɔɪə(r)/ n. 律师 law /lɔː/ n. 法律，法规，规则 community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区 from time to time 偶尔，有时 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 vi.&vt. 自愿做，义务做，无偿做 laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ n. 工程师 check /tʃek/ vt.&n. 检查，核查 broken /ˈbrəʊkən/ adj. 出来了毛病的，破损的 someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ pron. (=somebody)某人 repair /rɪˈpeə(r)/ vt.&n. 修理 anyone /ˈeniwʌn/ pron. (=anybody)任何人 college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ n. 学院，<美>大学 willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 愿意，乐意 be willing to do sth 乐意做某事 tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ vi.&vt. 使整洁，整理 such /sʌtʃ/ det.&pron. 如此；这样的 any time /ˈeni taɪm/ adv. 在任何时候 考点1.Close neighbours are better than distant relatives.远亲不如近邻。 1.close a. close + 名词：表示关闭某个物品或设备。例如：Please close the window.（请关上窗户。） b.close + 介词短语：表示靠近或接近某个地方。例如：The store is close to my house.（这家商店离我家很近。） c.;亲密的;几乎(处于某种状态);（家庭关系）亲近的;紧密相关的;例如：close friends (亲密的朋友） 2.better than 比...好 better 是good/well的比较级，A is better than B.A比B好。 词组：had better do 最好做某事 3.distant relatives 远亲 distant ：名词distance cover a distance of ...走过多元的距离 考点2.join的用法 用法分析 join指“参加、加入（党派、团体等组织）”，join sb.in（ doing）sth.意为“加入到某人的某一活动中”。 吉姆想加入足球队。Jim wants to join the soccer team. 他将和我们一起唱这首歌。He'll join us in singing the song. 考点辨析join,join in,take part in join “参加，加入”，指加入某个组织或团体，成为其成员之一，如参军、入团、入党、加入俱乐部等。 join in “join in+某活动”，相当于“take part in+某活动”。 take part in 指“参加”会议、考试、竞赛或群众性活动，重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用 他说他要参军。He says he's going to join the army. 我可以参加这个游戏吗？Can I join in the game？ 我没有参加会议。I didn't take part in the meeting. —Mike, what club do you want to___C___？ —The art club.I love painting. A.take part in B.join in C.join D.join for 考点3.What about...？的用法 用法分析 What about...?（= How about...？）后面可接名词、代词、动名词等，用于提出建议、征询意见、询问天气等，意为“……怎么样？/……好吗？”。 一起踢足球怎么样？What/How about playing soccer together？ 去看电影怎么样？—What about going to the movies？ 好主意！—Good idea！ 用所给词的适当形式填空 What about___practicing___（practice）swimming this summer vacation？ 考点4.考点辨析also,too,either,as well “也”不一样 also用于肯定句中 be动词/助动词/情态动词之后或实义动词之前 too用于肯定句中 放在句末，前有逗号，或作为插入语放在句中 either用于否定句中 置于句末，前有逗号 as well用于肯定句句末 不用逗号，比too正式 I like English and she likes English, too. =I like English and she also likes English.我喜欢英语，她也喜欢英语。 You don't like this hat.Idon't like it,either.你不喜欢这顶帽子。我也不喜欢它。 He is a teacher and a writer as well.他是一位教师，也是一位作家。 注意（1）在肯定句变否定句时，其中的also,too都要改为 either。 （2）too也可在宾格代词后作为一种简略回答，如：“Me,too.”；否定用“Me, neither.”。 She likes playing soccer and I___D___ like playing it. A.too B.either C.as well D.also 考点5.help的用法 用法分析 help（sb.）with sth.在某方面帮助（某人）；帮助某人做某事，with后接名词、代词或动名词。相当于 help sb.（to） do sth.。 她经常帮助我学英语。She often helps me to learn English. =She often helps me with my English. 考点拓展help用作名词“帮助”。with the help of sb.= with one's help在某人的帮助下。 Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。 With the help of the boy,she passed the exam.在这个男孩的帮助下，她通过了考试。 固定搭配 help的固定搭配 can't help doing 忍不住/禁不住做…… help oneself to 随便吃/喝…… I can't help crying.我忍不住哭了。 Help yourself to some fish！请随便吃点鱼吧！ Ann often helps me___B___my math after school. A.for B.with C.on D.by 考点6.考点辨析 what time,when what time 用于询问时间点，此时相当于when。 when 既可以问时间点，也可以问时间段，还可以询问年、月及日期。 What time/When do you usually go to school？你通常几点去上学？ When is Teachers' Day？教师节是什么时候？ Don't come across the street when the light is red.当红灯亮时不要过马路。 注意when还表示“当……的时候”，而what time无此意。 考点7. luck的用法 用法分析 luck n.“运气”。 good luck祝好运，用于祝福某人。 祝你好运。Good luck to you. 小提示 good luck with sth.表示“祝某事成功/顺利”，“祝福某人成功/走运”用“ good luck to sb.”。 考点拓展“运气”不同。 （1）lucky形容词，意为“幸运的”，反义词 unlucky不幸的，既可以做表语，也可以做定语。 Western people think thirteen is an unlucky number.西方人认为十三是个不幸运的数字。 （2）luckily副词，幸运地，反义词 unluckily不幸地，通常放在句首，表示感慨或遗憾。 Luckily,no one was hurt in this accident.幸运的是，没有人在这场事故中受伤。 （3）luck名词，运气， good luck好运，用于祝福某人。bad luck真倒霉，指运气不佳。 温馨提示 常用祝福语：Have fun！/ Have a good time！玩得开心点！/ Have a good dream！做个好梦！/Have a nice day！祝你度过美好的一天！/Best wishes.最美好的祝愿、祝福（给你）。 —Mum, I'll take an important test tomorrow. —Don't be nervous,Sandy.___A___ A.Good luck！ B.Good idea！ C.Well done！ D.Have a good time！ 考点8.let句型表示提建议的用法 用法分析 let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，否定形式 let sb. not do sth.，意为“让某人不要做某事”，该句型用于提建议。肯定回答一般是OK./Al right./Good idea.，否定回答一般是 Sorry。I...等。 我们一起去上学吧。Let's go to school together. 让我们去看电影吧。—Let's see a film. —Sorry,I have to do my homework first.对不起，我得先写我的家庭作业。 考点拓展表示建议的常见句型： What/How about..？……怎么样？ Why not/don't...？为什么不……？ Shall I/we do sth.？让我/我们做……好吗？ Would you like to do sth.？你想做某事吗？ You'd better（not）do sth.你最好（不）做某事。 —Let's___C___the movies！ —I'm sorry.I must______ my homework first. A.going；do B.go；doing C.go；do D.going；doing 考点9.one of...的用法 用法分析 one of后接复数名词或代词，意为“……之一”，做主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 我最喜欢的运动之一是篮球。One of my favorite sports is basketball. 特殊考点 one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一” Lu Xun was one of the greatest writers in China.鲁迅是中国最伟大的作家之一。 考点10.考点辨析 question,problem question指感到疑惑，提出的待解答的问题，常与ask/answer搭配使用；problem指客观存在的有待解决的问题，尤指比较困难的问题、习题，常与solve（解决）和 work out（算出来）搭配使用。 Answer your teacher's questions.回答你老师的问题。 This math problem is not difficult.I can work it out.这道数学题不难。我能算出来。 特殊考点 have problems doing sth.表示“做某事有困难、费劲”。 I have a lot of problems finishing the work.完成这项工作我有好多困难。 —Could you help me carry the equipment to the basketball field,Robin？ —___B___.I'll do it at once. A.Not at all B.No problem C.Wait a moment D.That's right 考点11.any的用法 用法分析any“一些”，用于疑问句或否定句中，用于肯定句时，起强调作用，强调“任何，任何的”。 在教室的前面有一些花吗？Are there any flowers in front of the classroom？ 任何时间都可以。Any time is OK. 注意any做形容词时，也可用于肯定句中，后跟可数名词单数，表示三者或三者以上中的“任何一个”。 You can take any book you like.你可以拿走你喜欢的任何一本书。 考点拓展some用于肯定句，表示“一些”。但征询意见并希望得到肯定回答时，在疑问句中也要用some,不用any。 Can you give us some help？你能给我们一些帮助吗? 考点12.other的用法 用法分析 other adj.其他的，表泛指，后跟名词。 我们去买些别的蔬菜吧。Let's go shopping for some other vegetables. 考点拓展 any other表示“其他任何一个；任何其他的……”，指在同一范围内除了一部分人或物以外的其他人或物，后接单数可数名词。 Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class.李磊比班上其他任何一个学生都聪明。 考点辨析one...the other,another,some...others,some...the others,each other “其他” 各不同 one...the other 一个……另一个 another （三者或三者以上中的）另一个 some...others 一些……，另一些（并非全部）…… some...the others 一些……，另一些（剩下的全部）…… each other 互相 I have two pens.One is red,and the other is blue.我有两支钢笔。一支是红的，另一支是蓝的。 These pears are quite delicious.Would you like another one？这些梨很好吃。你想再来一个吗？ Look！Some are taking photos.Others are lying on the beach.看！一些人在照相。还有些人躺在沙滩上。 There are twenty pencils in my box.Five are yours,the others are mine.在我的盒子里有20支铅笔。有五支是你的，其余都是我的。 We should learn from each other.我们应该互相学习。 Catherine has two cousins.One is quiet,and___B___ is noisy. A.another B.the other C.other D.others 考点13.考点辨析 in hospital,in a/the hospital （1）in hospital指“在住院（治病）”，hospital不是指某个具体的医院，前不加冠词。 My grandfather is ill in hospital.我祖父生病住院了。 （2）in a/the hospital指“在医院里（不一定生病）”如：在医院里工作/学习/看病人等。 Half the doctors in the hospital come from Beijing.医院里的一半医生来自北京。 考点拓展 类似的其他搭配 at table 在吃饭 at a/the table 在桌边，在桌子旁边 at school 在上学 at the school 在学校 Danny's grandmother is ill in___D___ hospital.He'll go there to see her after school. A.an B.the C.a D./ 考点14.“What+be+主语+like？的用法 用法分析 “What+be+主语+like？”意为“……是什么样的人？”，多用于询问某人的性格或品质。 —What is her sister like？她姐姐是什么样的人？ —She is quite kind.她相当善良。 考点拓展“What do/does+主语+look like？”这个句式用来询问某人的外貌特征，意为“……什么样？”，回答时常用“主语+be+描述人物外貌特征的形容词”或“主语+have/has+名词（名词前可以有多个形容词修饰）”或“主语+be of+...height（指个头）”。 你父亲长什么样？—What does your father look like？ 他高高的个子，留着胡须。—He is tall.He has a beard. 她中等个头。She is of medium height. —What does your brother look like？ —___B___. A.He is outgoing B.He is really tall and thin C.He is a student D.He is in hospital 考点15.anything的用法 用法分析 anything是不定代词“任何东西；任何事物”，用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。 如果把眼睛闭上，你就什么也看不见了。 If you close your eyes,you can't see anything. 考点拓展 something“某事，某物”，用于肯定句； nothing“没什么；没什么东西”，相当于not anything；everything“每件事物；最重要的东西”。以上不定代词做主语，谓语用第三人称单数。 Let me in.I have something important to tell you.让我进去。我有要事告诉你。 There is nothing in the box.盒子里什么也没有。 Everything begins to grow in spring.春天万物开始生长。 特殊考点（1）在表示请求、征询某人建议的疑问句中，希望得到对方的肯定回答用 something，不用 anything。 你想喝点什么吗？—Would you like something to drink？ 好的。—Yes,please. （2）形容词修饰不定代词 anything/something等时，形容词后置。 Did you hear anything interesting there？你在那儿听到什么有趣的事了吗？ —Did you find___C___ funny in the book？ —Yes.It talks about how to be a good kid. A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything 考点16.time的用法 用法分析 time做名词，意为“时间，一段时间”。固定句型：It's time for sth.到某事的时间了。 It's time（for sb.）to do sth.到了（某人）做某事的时间了。 到上学的时间了。It's time for school. 到他们上英语课的时间了。It's time for them to have an English class. 固定搭配 与time相关的短语 on time 准时 all the time 一直，始终 at times 有时，间或 in time 及时 考点拓展time还可做可数名词，意为“次，回”。 We do sports three times a week.我们一周做三次运动。 考题预测 Hurry up！It's time___B___ to school. A.go B.to go C.goes D.going 考点17.such的用法 用法分析 such做形容词，意为“这样的；这种”，用来修饰名词（名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带）。如果修饰可数名词单数，后面需加不定冠词a/an。 我们对这样的事情感兴趣。We are interested in such things. 他给我们讲了一个如此有趣的故事。He told us such a funny story. 考点辨析 so，such “如此，这样”各不同 so修饰形容词或副词 句式 so+形容词或副词 so+形容词+a/an+单数名词 so可以用来修饰“many/much/such不能这样用few/little+名词”， such修饰名词（短语） 句式 such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词 such+形容词+复数名词或不可数名词 I am so glad to hear from my friend.收到我朋友的信我真高兴。 This is so important a match.这是一场多么重要的比赛。 I had never seen such a good match before that day.那天以前我从未看过这样好的比赛。 Don't make so much noise！别制造那么多噪音！ -I'm going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan. -Oh, really？ Taiwan is ___C___ a beautiful island that a lot of people go to visit it every year. A. so B. too C. such D. much 考点18.during的用法 用法分析 during做介词，意为“在……期间”。during相当于in，其后不能再接介词短语。 越来越多的人选择在春节期间去旅游。More and more people choose to travel during the Spring Festival. 寒假期间学生们要回家去。The students will go home during the winter vacation. 假期里我玩得痛快极了。During the holidays I had a great time. 特殊考点 对“during…”介词短语提问用疑问词when。 -It is said that children in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at night ___C___ their military training（军训）. -Really？So their training is much harder than ours. A. after B. since C. during D. before 一.词汇 A.根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写出单词 1.We offered to look after our 　　　(邻居的) dog when she was away. 2.We can go to a 　　　(超市) to buy some food for the birthday party.  3.The Nanjing Museum 　　　(欢迎) millions of people every year.   4.They are all good c　　　, and they can make good Chinese food.  5.I'm crazy about the folk stories l　　　 Yu Gong Moves the Mountains and Hou Yi Shoots the Suns.  1.neighbour’s　2.supermarket　3.welcomes 4.cooks　5.like B.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 6.Many 　　　(visit) watch the flag⁃raising ceremony(升旗仪式)at Tian’anmen Square every morning.  7.How beautiful those tall 　　　(build) look!  8.I am going 　　　(buy) some fruit on my way back tomorrow. 9.The two old men 　　　(go) fishing this afternoon, won’t they?  10.The gloves are that 　　　(wait). Don’t take them away, Alice.  6.visitors　句意:每天早上许多参观者在天安门广场观看升旗仪式。visitor意为“参观者,游客”,根据Many可知此处用复数名词。 7.buildings　动词build加⁃ing可构成名词building,意为“建筑物,楼房”,根据those可知此处用复数名词。 8.to buy　be going to+动词原形意为“打算/将要做……”,故填to buy。 9.will go　句意:这两位老人今天下午将去钓鱼,是吗?根据“won’t they”可知是反意疑问句,前后时态要一致。根据后面用won’t可知前面要用“will+动词原形”。故填will go。 10.waiter’s　句意:这些手套是那个服务员的。别把它们带走,艾丽斯。根据that可知此处用单数名词所有格的形式。 二.单项选择 11.The boys from 　　　USA live in 　　　Fifth Street.  A.the;/　　　　　B./;the　　　　　C./;/　　　　　D.the;the 12.My mother is a 　　　in Zhongshan Hospital. She has saved many people’s lives.  A.singer　　　 B.doctor　　　　 C.writer 13.Do whatever you can for the community,　　　 looking after the old or teaching kids art.  A.with　　　　　B.under　　　　　C.like　　　　D.over 14.—Will you come to the party next Sunday? —　　　. I will visit my grandparents with my parents.  A.All right　　　　　 B.I think so C.I’m afraid so　　　　　 D.I’m afraid I can’t 11.A　the USA表示“美国”;in Fifth Street表示“在第五大街”。故选A。 12.B　考查名词辨析。句意:我妈妈是中山医院的一名医生。她挽救了很多人的性命。singer歌手,歌唱家;doctor医生;writer作家。根据“Zhongshan Hospital”和“has saved many people’s lives”可知是医生,故选B。 13.C　考查介词辨析。句意:为社区做你力所能及的事,比如照看老人或者教孩子美术。like用作介词时,可意为“例如,比方”,用来列举事例。故选C。 14.D　根据“I will visit my grandparents with my parents.”可知,此处表示不能参加聚会。“I’m afraid I can’t”表示“恐怕我不能”,符合题意。 故选D。 三.根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子,词数不限 15.我打算这个周末去拜访我的新邻居们。 16. ——你哥哥是做什么的? ——他是一家餐馆的服务员。 —What 　　 　your older brother 　 　　?  —He is 　　　　 　　in a restaurant.  17.有一个像你这样的朋友真好。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　  18.我们街区周围的大多数房子都是两层。 　　　　　 　the houses have two floors 　　　　　　　　　.  15.going to visit; neighbours 16.does; do; a waiter 17.It is nice/good to have a friend like you. 18.Most of; around our neighbourhood 四.单项选择 19.Mike works as 　　　engineer in 　　　capital city of Jiangsu Province.  A.a;the　　　　 B.an;a C.an;the　　　　　D.the;the 20.—Can you cook eggs with tomatoes? —Yes, of course. 　　　can do it. It’s so easy.  A.Someone　　 B.Anyone C.No one　　　　　D.Anything 21.Miss Wang often asks us to 　　　the answers carefully after we finish(完成) our homework.  A.check　　　　 B.design C.follow　　　 D.share 22.—You are Jim’s classmate. 　　　he 　　　?  —Well, Jim is helpful and kind. A.How’s;like　 B.What’s;like C.How’s;/　　　 D.What’s;/ 23.Jenny is 　　　. She is ready 　　　others at all times.  A.helpful;to help　B.help;to help C.helpful;helping　D.help;helping 19.C　第一空用不定冠词表示泛指,engineer以元音音素开头,故用an;第二空用定冠词the,特指江苏省的省会城市。故选C。 20.B　句意:——你会做西红柿炒鸡蛋吗?——是的,当然。任何人都能做它。它很容易。根据句意可知选B。 21.A　考查动词辨析。句意:王老师经常让我们完成作业后认真检查答案。check检查;design设计;follow跟随;share分享。结合句意可知选A。 22.B　句意:——你是吉姆的同学。他怎么样?——噢,吉姆乐于助人,心地善良。根据“Well, Jim is helpful and kind.”可知,问的是吉姆的人品。What’s sb. like?意为“某人怎么样?”,故选B。 23.A　句意:Jenny乐于助人。她一直都愿意帮助别人。第一空前的is是be动词,后接形容词helpful作表语;be ready to do sth.意为“乐意做某事”。故选A。 五 .按要求完成句子,每空一词 24.My neighbours are friendly and helpful.(对画线部分提问)  　　　 are your neighbours 　　　?  25.There’s something wrong with my mobile phone.(改成否定句) 　　　 　　　 　　　 wrong with my mobile phone.  26Her washing machine isn’t working well.(同义句转换) 　　　is wrong 　　　her washing machine.  27.We are lucky to have a teacher like Miss Li.(同义句转换) 　　　 　　　for us 　　　 　　　 a teacher like Miss Li.  24.What;like　25.There isn’t anything 26.Something;with　27.It’s lucky; to have 六.根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子,词数不限 28.我打算叫人来修理这辆自行车。 I’m going to 　　　　　　　　　the bicycle.  29.志愿者们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。 Volunteers can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  30.经理的电脑出故障了吗? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 31.这个周末,一些志愿者打算帮助老人们购物。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 32.住在像这样一个带有美丽花园的房子里,我是幸运的。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  28.ask someone/somebody to fix 29.help us with all kinds of problems 30.Is there anything wrong with the manager’s computer? 31.Some volunteers are going to help the old people do some shopping this weekend. 32.I’m lucky to live in a house with a beautiful garden like this. 七.完形填空 Helping others is fun. It’s helpful to do kind, peaceful things for others. One of my favourite 　33　 to do this is developing my own helping habits. And you will feel 　34　 to be kind and helpful to others. We live in the country of the San Francisco. Most of 　35　 we see is the beauty of nature. But we often see some people 　36　 litter out of their windows as they drive on the roads. People 　37　 see public services in the country, such as a dustbin. So I often take my two children to 　38　 litter in our surrounding area. Picking up litter is only one kind of helping habits.  We’ve become so accustomed (习惯的) to doing this that my daughters will often 　39　 to me excitedly, “There is some litter, Daddy. 　40　 the car!” And if we have time, we will do it and pick it up. It may seem strange, but we really 　41　 it. We pick up litter in parks, on sidewalks, nearly everywhere. Once I even saw a stranger picking up litter close to where we live. He smiled at me and said, “I saw you doing it, and it 　42　 like a good idea.”  33.A.reasons　　　　 B.ways C.things　　　　 D.sports 34.A.lucky　　　　　 B.modern C.good　　　　 D.surprised 35.A.when　　　　　 B.how C.what　　　　 D.which 36.A.throw　　　　　 B.put C.take　　　　　 D.carry 37.A.often　　　　 B.seldom C.sometimes　　 D.always 38.A.collect　　　　 B.find C.take　　　　 D.pick up 39.A.talk　　　　　 B.say C.speak　　　 D.tell 40.A.Check　　　　 B.Drive C.Stop　　　　 D.Clean 41.A.remember　　　 B.have C.enjoy　　　 D.get 42.A.sounds　　　　 B.feels C.seems　　　　 D.be [语篇解读]　本文作者通过描述自己和孩子捡垃圾告诉我们要伸出友爱之手帮助他人。 33.B　句意:我最喜欢的方式之一是养成自己的帮助习惯。reason原因;way方式;thing事情;sport运动。根据“developing my own helping habits”可知这是作者帮助别人的方式。故选B。 34.C　句意:而且对别人友善和有帮助,你会感觉很好。lucky幸运的;modern现代的;good好的;surprised惊讶的。根据“to be kind and helpful to others”可知对别人友善和有帮助会让自己感觉良好。故选C。 35.C　句意:我们看到的大多是大自然的美丽。when什么时候;how如何;what什么;which哪一个。句中缺少see的宾语,用what。故选C。 36.A　句意:但我们经常看到一些人在路上开车时把垃圾扔出窗外。throw扔;put放;take拿走;carry携带。根据“some people...litter out of their windows”可知是把垃圾扔出窗外。故选A。 37.B　句意:在乡下,人们很少看到公共服务(设施),比如垃圾箱。often经常;seldom很少;sometimes有时;always总是。根据“So I often take my two children to...of helping habits.”可知因为人们在乡下几乎看不到垃圾桶,所以作者和两个孩子去捡垃圾。故选B。 38.D　句意:所以我经常带着我的两个孩子去我们周围的地区捡垃圾。collect收集;find找到;take拿走;pick up捡起。根据“to...litter in our surrounding area”及“Picking up litter is only one kind of helping habits.”可知是捡垃圾。故选D。 39.B　句意:我们已经习惯了这样做,以至于我的女儿们经常兴奋地对我说:“这有一些垃圾,爸爸。停车!”talk说话(强调双方之间的谈话);say说(强调说话的具体内容);speak说(某种语言);tell告诉,讲述。“There is some litter...the car!”是作者的女儿们说的具体内容,用say。故选B。 40.C　句意:我们已经习惯了这样做,以至于我的女儿们经常兴奋地对我说:“这有一些垃圾,爸爸。停车!”check检查;drive开车;stop停止;clean打扫。根据“And if we have time, we will do it and pick it up.”可知是停下车去捡垃圾。故选C。 41.C　句意:这可能看起来很奇怪,但我们真的很享受它。remember记得;have有;enjoy享受;get得到。根据“It may seem strange, but we really...it.”可知是享受捡垃圾这个过程。故选C。 42.C　句意:他笑着对我说:“我看到你这么做了,这似乎是一个好主意。”sound听起来;feel感觉;seem似乎;be是。根据“it...like a good idea”可知这似乎是一个好主意。故选C。 能力提升 一 Israeli farmer Chahi Ariel has grown the world's heaviest strawberry, according to Guinness World Records(吉尼斯世界纪录）.The strawberry is 18 cm long. It weighs 289 g .It is about 24 times heavier than most strawberries. The last record for the world's heaviest strawberry was 250 g. It was found by Koji Nakao from Japan in 2015. How is it possible that Ariel's strawberry is so big? The weather in Israel in late January and early February in 2021 was very cold. There wasn't enough sunlight(日光). So the fruit grew very slowly after flowering. This made it become large in size when it ripened(成熟). Ariel hoped to break a record when he saw how big the fruit was growing on his family farm last year. He kept the strawberry in the fridge while waiting for a message from Guinness.“ When I heard the result, it was an amazing feeling. I jumped in the car, laughed and sang," said Ariel. "I've been waiting for this for a longtime.” 1.What is special about Ariel's strawberry? A. It looks nice. B. It tastes more delicious. C. It is big and heavy. D. It can be kept for a long time. 2.The world's longest strawberry in the last record weighed_____. A.18cm B. 250 cm C. 268cm D.24cm 3. How does the writer develop Paragraph 2? A. By telling stories. B. By giving reasons. C. By listing numbers. D. By giving examples. 4.What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Ariel felt very excited about the result. B. Breaking the world record was Ariel's biggest wish. C. Guinness asked Ariel to keep the strawberry in the fridge. D. Ariel waited for the message from Guinness for many years. 5.What's the passage mainly about? A. A farmer received a message from Guinness. B. A farmer shared his strawberries with his friends. C.A farmer hoped the weather in Israel got warmer. D. A farmer grew the heaviest strawberry in the world. 长难句分析 原句：（最后一段第一句)Ariel hoped to break a record when he saw how big the fruit was growing on his family farm last year. 译文：去年，当Ariel看到自家农场里的这种水果长得这么大时，他希望能打破纪录。 分析：本句是一个复合句。when在句中引导时间状语从句；在该时间状语从句中，how big the fruit was growing on his family farm 为宾语从句，作saw的宾语。 答案详析 1.C 细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，以色列的一位农民Chahi Ariel种出了世界上最重的草莓，故这颗草莓很重；再根据第二段第一句“How is it possible that Ariel's strawberry is so big?”可知，这颗草莓很大，故C项正确。 2.B细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“The last record for the world's heaviest strawberry was 250 g.”可知，在此之前世界上最重的草莓是250克。 3.B 细节理解题。第二段第一句提问到Ariel的草莓怎么可能这么大呢？该提问后面紧接着给出了解释:2021 年以色列 1月底和2月初气候寒冷，所以草莓在开花后发育缓慢，这使它成熟时体积很大。由此可知，作者是通过给出原因来展开第二段的。 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When I heard the result...I jumped in the car，laughed and sang”可知，当得知吉尼斯给出的结果时，Ariel在车里跳了起来，并且又笑又唱。由此可推断，他对这个结果感到很兴奋。 5.D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了以色列的一位农民种出世界上最重的草莓的事情。 二 During the pandemic, the number of people using London's subway fell（减少）by almost 20%. The reason was the Omicron variant(变体）of COVID.19. The government(政府) 1 （ask）people to do their work at home. In the last week of November. numbers for the rush hour(交通高峰期) 2 （show）that the number of people in the subway was down by 18%. Schools were still open. 3 （child） usually went to school by bus, so the number of people 4 （use） the bus was down only by 6%. Businesses(企)in the City of London told 5 （they） workers to work 6 home again. Even before the change, some workers 7 （usual） stayed home working. They tried not to go 8 to stay away from catching the virus(病毒). However. British government didn't make stricter 9 （rule） to fight against COVID-19 at that time. Maybe they didn't want 10 （see）a quiet Christmas or a quiet New Year's Day. 长难句分析 原句：（第二段第一句)In the last week of November, numbers for the rush hour showed that the number of people in the subway was down by 18%. 译文：11月份最后一星期的交通高峰时段数字显示，乘坐地铁的人数下降了18%。 分析：这是一个复合句。that the number of people in the subway was down by 18%是that引导的宾语从句，作showed 的宾语。 答案详析 1. asked 根据空后的“people to do their work at home”可推知，此处指政府要求人们在家工作。动作发生在过去.时态应用一般过去时，故填ask的过去式asked。ask sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”。 2.showed 根据语境及备选项可知，此处指交通高峰时段的数字显示，乘坐地铁的人数下降了 18%。根据语境和空后的 was down可知，动作发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时，故填show的过去式showed。 3.Children 根据语境及备选项可知，此处指孩子们通常乘公共汽车上学。根据语境可知，此处应用复数形式，故填Children。单词在句首.注意首字母大写。 4. using 根据空前的“went to school by bus”可知，此处指乘坐公共汽车的人。此处应填use的现在分词形式，与空后的the bus共同作people的后置定语。 5.their 伦敦城的企业再次通知他们的员工居家办公。所填词修饰名词 workers，故填they的形容词性物主代词their。 6.from work from home 在此处意为“居家办公；在家上班”，是固定搭配。 7. usually 此处指甚至在这一变化前，一些员工通常居家办公。空处所填词修饰空后的动词 stayed，故填usual 的副词形式usually。 8.out他们尽量不出门，以免感染病毒。go out 在此处意为“外出”，是固定搭配。 9. rules 根据语境及备选项可知,此处指英国政府在那时并没有制定更严格的规定来对抗新冠肺炎。rule是可数名词，且空前无限定词，故用其复数形式rules。 10.to see 根据语境及备选项可知，此处指或许他们不想看到一个安静的圣诞节和元旦。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，为固定搭配。 三 There are some truly amazing places of interest across the world. One such place is the world's longest staircase(阶梯) on Niesen，Switzerland（瑞士). The staircase is 3.4 kilometers long, and it has 11,674 steps. It is on the face of Mountain Niesen. The mountain is also known as the“ Swiss Pyramid(金字塔)”. Usually, the staircase is closed. But every year in June, it is opened up for the world's longest single-staircase(单跑阶梯)race. Up to500 racers climb this super long staircase at a great speed(速度）.The fastest record(纪录) is one hour and two minutes for men, and one hour and nine minutes for women. The 2021 race was canceled(取消)because of COVID-19,but you can join the next one from June 11th to12th,2022. If you don't want to run up to the top, you can ride on the Niesen train. It runs along the staircase. The 28-minute ride is of course a great time for sightseeing! 1.Where is the staircase? 2. How many steps does the staircase have? 3. What is the fastest record for women in the race? 4.How many people climb this super long staircase it June? 5.How can people get to the top of the mountain in a quicker way? 长难句分析 原句：（最后一段第一句)If you don't want to run up to the top, you can ride on the Niesen train. 译文：如果你不想跑上山顶，你可以乘坐尼森山缆车。 分析：这是一个复合句。If you don't want to run up to the top是由if引导的条件状语从句。 答案详析 1. It is on Niesen, Switzerland.根据第一段第二句“One such place is...staircase on Niesen. Switzerland.”可知，该阶梯位于瑞士的尼森山。 2. it has 11,674 steps. 根据第二段第一句中的“The staircase is 3.4 kilometers long, and it has 11,674 steps.”可知，该阶梯有11674个阶梯。 3. 69 minutes.根据第三段倒数第二句中的“one hour and nine minutes for women”可知，女子最快纪录是69分钟。 4. Up to 500 racers. 根据第三段中的“But every year in June, it is opened up for the world's longest single-staircase(单跑阶梯)race. Up to 500 racers climb this super long staircase at a great speed(速度）”可知，每年有超过500人攀爬阶梯 5. They can ride on the Niesen train. 根据最后一段第一句“If you don't want to run up to the top, you can ride on the Niesen train.”及最后一句中的The 28-minute ride 可知，如果人们想更快到山顶，可以乘坐缆车。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$