Unit 1 Past and present【单元卷·考点卷】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（牛津译林版）

Module1 Unit 1 Past and present 【考点卷（基础专练）】 一、根据首字母提示填写单词（10分） 1．The 13-year-old boy feels l because he is new in this school. 2．I haven’t seen him r (最近). I wonder what he’s doing. 3．The new couple couldn’t stop smiling when they got m . 4．Daniel has never gone a , but luckily he gets a chance to Thailand. 5．It is i to finish all the homework in a short time. Please give me one more hour. 6．It has been two years s I became a middle school student. 7．Water p is one of the biggest environment problems in the world. 8．After losing his arm, Aron wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place, which means being in a difficult s that you cannot seem to get out of. 9．To protect our e , we should take wooden chopsticks (筷子) less when we buy takeaway food. 10．—Have you e visited Beijing? —Yes, I visited it last month. 二、用所给单词适当形式填空（10分） 11．Danny and Daniel are brothers, and their (wife) are sisters. That’s interesting. 12．My brother (know) him since he was a child. 13．Have you seen any interesting films (recent)? 14．I sat in the garden and watched the (pass) cars. 15．It’s (possible) for us to finish so much work in such a short time. 16．Language is a major means of (communicate). 17．My uncle went to the (north) part of Africa to work as a volunteer last year. 18．It’s said that the police (not make) any progress in the murder case recently. 19．I (tell) her the truth. I’m afraid she must be very sad now. 20．It won’t take a long time (find) any place in the world with the help of online maps. 三、单项选择（10分） 21．Noise pollution has been a serious problem in that country ________. A．since then B．in the future C．once a week D．in the past 22．I still ________ with my old friends and I often email them. A．touch B．keep in touch C．lose touch D．keep touching 23．There ________ a lot of stalls along the street, but now they all move out. A．used to be B．used to have C．had D．was 24．—Have you written anything about traditional Chinese food so far? —________, but I have a plan for it. A．Ever since B．Later on C．Not yet D．Since then 25．This maths exam is very difficult. ________, I have passed it. A．Anyway B．So C．And D．Or 26．Nowadays, people have many more ways of ________, but they don’t get as close as before. A．condition B．communication C．culture D．competition 27．—I have ________ finished my homework. What about you? —I finished it ________. A．just; yet B．yet; just now C．just; just now D．just now; just 28．—Dad, I want to buy a new computer, but I don’t have enough money. Do you have any good ideas? —Don’t waste money. I have a used computer in perfect ________. A．situation B．information C．environment D．condition 29．You can achieve your dream if you work hard. A．forget B．realize C．beat D．encourage 30．I won’t give my camera to you ________ you promise to bring it back by Saturday. A．if B．unless C．because D．since 四、完形填空（10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 China is a country that has changed very quickly over the past fifty years. 31 you look closely (仔细地), you can see it 32 in front of your eyes. Fifty years ago, everybody travelled around by bike. Today lots of people in China still ride their bikes 33 school or work, but many people take the bus or travel 34 underground. There are some people who even drive their own cars. Shops 35 small businesses, but now the centres of China’s cities are full of 36 department stores. In these department stores, you can buy 37 you want on one trip. You can buy food, toys, bikes and even televisions. The television is 38 change that China has seen. Many children would say that they cannot imagine life 39 it, but years ago they could live without it. The Internet and the computer have recently become regular items in our lives. Without the Internet, people would not 40 get information as quickly as they can now. The Internet helps people become friends all over the world. 31．A．Even if B．If C．Although D．So 32．A．be changing B．to changing C．changing D．changes 33．A．from B．to C．in D．at 34．A．with B．at C．in D．by 35．A．used to be B．is used to be C．used to being D．was used to be 36．A．large B．larger C．small D．smaller 37．A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing 38．A．others B．one C．the others D．another 39．A．in B．by C．with D．without 40．A．can B．be able to C．able to D．could 五、阅读理解（20分） A Most people in the USA, the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Canada speak English as a first language. However, English is spoken all over the world: it is the main language in about 60 countries, such as India, Singapore, and many of the Caribbean (加勒比海的) and Pacific (太平洋的) islands. English is also used as an important international language in many other countries, like China and Japan. People in these countries use it for business, and travellers use English when they are in foreign countries. Other people may learn English because they enjoy reading books in English, listening to English music and watching English films. English has changed a lot over the years and still goes on changing. It is no longer right to talk about British English or American English if the speakers come or don’t come from those countries. People in Japan or Korea, for example, may use the American spelling but may not sound like Americans. English will be the most widely used language in the world in the 21st century. This language no longer belongs to only British, American or Australian speakers. It belongs to anyone in the world. Therefore, as a high school student today, think about how you can use this language. After you leave school, you will almost certainly need it. 41．How many countries use English as a first language in the world? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Six. 42．In which countries is English spoken as a main language? A．The UK, the USA and Australia. B．India, Singapore and many of the Caribbean and Pacific islands. C．China and Japan. D．Canada and Korea. 43．People in some countries learn English for ________. A．passing exams B．business and travelling C．reading English books and enjoying English music and films D．both B and C 44．If people in Japan or Korea use American spelling, they ________. A．will speak the same as Americans B．may not sound like Americans C．will speak British English D．will speak English much better 45．What is the best title for the passage? A．A first language in the world. B．A second language in the world. C．English around the world. D．A useful language. B In the 18th century, cities became larger and larger. People moved from the country and town to the city, because there was more work for them to do in the city. During the holidays, they liked to leave the city and have a good time in the country. But not every family had a horse. People needed another kind of transport. Inventors in many countries tried to meet this need. The first bicycle was very simple. It was made in 1817. Then bicycles became popular. People liked bikes, because they were not so expensive as horses. People did not need to build a house to keep them in, and they wanted nothing to eat. People could ride them in the city and in the country. Everybody in the family could go and come by bike—men, women, girls and boys. Today, people in every country of the world ride bikes. 46．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the bike has become a popular form of transport B．transport has changed a lot C．cities became larger and larger in the 18th century D．travelling in the country is more difficult than travelling in the city 47．In the 18th century, people from the country and town moved to the city to ________. A．have a good time B．get horses C．find work D．ride bikes 48．Bikes were used as a popular form of transport ________. A．before 1817 B．in the 18th century C．in the 17th century D．after 1817 49．People went back to the country when they had ________. A．holidays B．bicycles C．another form of transport D．horses 50．Why did people like bikes? A．Because bikes were cheaper than horses. B．Because everyone in the family could go and come on a bike. C．Because people can ride bikes in the city and in the country. D．All of the above. 六、短文首字母填空（10分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. The roads used to be n 51 and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was r 52 everywhere. And the air wasn’t f 53 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the w 54 into the river. Water pollution was also a big problem. Nowadays, our living c 55 have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It’s really easy for people to go out. We can choose different t 56 of transport to go anywhere. The g 57 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 58 into big beautiful houses. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. The birds are singing h 59 . Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colorful flowers. Our country is becoming richer and s 60 . We are living a happy life. 七、阅读表达（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，完成下面问题。 “Vegetable Basket Line” In southwest China’s Chongqing, more subway lines are rolling out (延伸) to the rural areas (农村区域) around the city, particularly (特别是) Line 4. Known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”, Line 4 connects the city’s northeast Shichuan town to the city center. It has a total length of 32.8 kilometers and 15 stations. Since its opening in 2022, it has offered local farmers near the town more ways to sell their vegetables. The vegetables used to be sold at low prices in the town. But now they can be sold at higher prices in the city. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the Shichuan town station is crowded with farmers. They carry baskets (篮子) filled with fresh vegetables on their backs, or use shoulder poles (肩扛杆) to carry the baskets. The station used to open at 6:15 a.m. To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day. In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can take the subway for free. The opening of this subway line helps the elderly not only save money but also save time. An elderly couple in their 80s take the subway to sell vegetables every morning. According to the couple, it used to take them more than one hour to reach the city center as they had to take several buses. Now, by taking the subway, they can get there in less than 30 minutes. And they can sell all their vegetables in less than three hours after arriving at the market. 61．How long has Line 4 in Chongqing been used? 62．When does the Shichuan town station open now? 63．Who can take the subway for free in Chongqing? 64．According to the elderly couple, can they save time by taking the subway? 65．What do you think of “Vegetable Basket Line”? 八、书面表达（20分） 假设某中学生英文报开展关于生活变化的征文活动，请你根据下表所提供的要点，以“Changes in our lives”为题，为该报写一篇文章，简述家乡、交通、学校以及个人的若干变化，并展望未来生活。 变化 家乡 小路——大路 交通 步行、骑车——乘车、开车 学校 旧教学楼——新教学楼 个人 仅通过书本学习——通过网络学习 愿望 更加美好的生活(或自拟内容，说说自己的理想生活) 注意: 1. 包括所给要点，可以适当发挥，不要简单翻译； 2. 词数80左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Changes in our lives With the development of China’s economy (经济), great changes have taken place in our lives in the past few years. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module1 Unit 1 Past and present 【考点卷（基础专练）】 一、根据首字母提示填写单词（10分） 1．The 13-year-old boy feels l because he is new in this school. 【答案】(l)onely 【详解】句意：这位13岁的男孩感到孤独，因为他是刚转学到这所学校的。根据“because he is new in this school.”可知，因为他是新来的学生，所以他感到孤单，lonely“孤单的”，形容词作表语，故填(l)onely。 2．I haven’t seen him r (最近). I wonder what he’s doing. 【答案】(r)ecently 【详解】句意：我最近没见到他，想知道他在干什么。最近“recently”，副词，在句中作状语。故填(r)ecently。 3．The new couple couldn’t stop smiling when they got m . 【答案】(m)arried 【详解】句意：这对新婚夫妇结婚时止不住地微笑。根据“The new couple”及首字母提示可知，此处指结婚。get married“结婚”，固定词组。故填(m)arried。 4．Daniel has never gone a , but luckily he gets a chance to Thailand. 【答案】(a)broad 【详解】句意：丹尼尔从未出过国，但幸运的是他有机会去泰国。根据“but luckily he gets a chance to Thailand”及首字母提示可知，此处是指从未“出国”，go abroad“出国”，动词短语。故填(a)broad。 5．It is i to finish all the homework in a short time. Please give me one more hour. 【答案】(i)mpossible 【详解】句意：在短时间内完成所有的家庭作业是不可能。请再给我一个小时。根据“Please give me one more hour.”可知，短时间内完成所有的家庭作业是不可能的，结合首字母可知是impossible“不可能的”。故填(i)mpossible。 6．It has been two years s I became a middle school student. 【答案】(s)ince 【详解】句意：从我成为中学生到现在已经两年了。根据“It has been two years…I became a middle school student.”可知是指成为中学生到现在已经两年了。since“自从”，故填(s)ince。 7．Water p is one of the biggest environment problems in the world. 【答案】(p)ollution 【详解】句意：水污染是世界上最大的环境问题之一。根据“one of the biggest environment problems”和首字母提示可知，此处指水污染，water pollution“水污染”，作主语。故填(p)ollution。 8．After losing his arm, Aron wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place, which means being in a difficult s that you cannot seem to get out of. 【答案】(s)ituation 【详解】句意：在失去手臂后，艾伦写了一本名为《在岩石与险境间》的书，意思是陷入似乎无法摆脱的困境。根据“being in a difficult s... that you cannot seem to get out of”可知，是指陷入似乎无法摆脱的困境，situation“情况，形势”，a修饰名词单数，故填(s)ituation。 9．To protect our e , we should take wooden chopsticks (筷子) less when we buy takeaway food. 【答案】(e)nvironment 【详解】句意：为了保护我们的环境，我们买外卖时应该少拿木筷子。根据“we should take wooden chopsticks (筷子) less when we buy takeaway food.”可知少拿木筷子，可以帮助保护环境，environment“环境”。故填(e)nvironment。 10．—Have you e visited Beijing? —Yes, I visited it last month. 【答案】(e)ver 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过北京吗？——是的，我上个月去过。根据“Yes, I visited it last month.”和首字母e可知，此处是在问曾经去过北京吗，副词ever“曾经”符合句意。故填(e)ver。 二、用所给单词适当形式填空（10分） 11．Danny and Daniel are brothers, and their (wife) are sisters. That’s interesting. 【答案】wives 【详解】句意：丹尼和丹尼尔是兄弟，他们的妻子是姐妹。那很有趣。wife“妻子”，名词。根据空后are可知，该空应填名词复数形式wives。故填wives。 12．My brother (know) him since he was a child. 【答案】has known 【详解】句意：我哥哥从小就认识他。根据“since he was a child”可知，主句用现在完成时，主语是My brother，助动词用has，know的过去分词是known。故填has known。 13．Have you seen any interesting films (recent)? 【答案】recently 【详解】句意：你最近看过什么有趣的电影吗？分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入一个副词来修饰动词seen，表示时间上的“最近”。recent“最近的，近来的”，形容词，其副词形式为recently。故填recently。 14．I sat in the garden and watched the (pass) cars. 【答案】passing 【详解】句意：我坐在花园里看着经过的汽车。“经过的汽车”是现在进行时态，且“汽车经过”是主动关系，应该用现在分词作定语，修饰cars，故填passing。 15．It’s (possible) for us to finish so much work in such a short time. 【答案】impossible 【详解】句意：我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么多工作。根据“so much work in such a short time”可知，完成如此多工作在如此短时间内是不可能的，用possible的反义词impossible“不可能的”，作表语。故填impossible。 16．Language is a major means of (communicate). 【答案】communication 【详解】句意：语言是主要的沟通手段。means of“……的手段”，后跟名词communication“交流”。故填communication。 17．My uncle went to the (north) part of Africa to work as a volunteer last year. 【答案】northern 【详解】句意：我叔叔去年去非洲北部做志愿者。根据“My uncle went to the … part of Africa”可知，空处应使用形容词形式作定语，修饰名词“part”。northern“北方的”，形容词。故填northern。 18．It’s said that the police (not make) any progress in the murder case recently. 【答案】haven’t made 【详解】句意：据说警方最近在这起谋杀案上没有任何进展。根据“recently”及提示词可知，此处为现在完成时的否定形式，其结构为have/has not+过去分词；主语the police此处表示复数，make的过去分词为made。故填haven’t made. 19．I (tell) her the truth. I’m afraid she must be very sad now. 【答案】have told 【详解】句意：我已经告诉她实情。恐怕她现在一定很难过。从“I’m afraid she must be very sad now.”判断前面句子说的应该是已经知道真相，所以时态应该用现在完成时，构成为have/has+动词的过去分词，由于主语是第一人称的单数，所以是have told。故填have told。 20．It won’t take a long time (find) any place in the world with the help of online maps. 【答案】to find 【详解】句意：借助在线地图，找到世界上任何地方都不用花很长时间。it takes some time to do sth.“花费时间做某事”，it为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故填to find。 三、单项选择（10分） 21．Noise pollution has been a serious problem in that country ________. A．since then B．in the future C．once a week D．in the past 【答案】A 【详解】句意：从那以后，噪音污染一直是那个国家的一个严重问题。考查介词短语。since then从那时起，常用于现在完成时；in the future将来，常用于一般将来时；once a week一周一次，表示频率；in the past在过去，常用于一般过去时。根据“Noise pollution has been a serious problem”可知，本句指噪音污染对那个国家的影响，时态为现在完成时，空处应填since then。故选A。 22．I still ________ with my old friends and I often email them. A．touch B．keep in touch C．lose touch D．keep touching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我仍然和我的老朋友保持联系，我经常给他们发电子邮件。考查动词短语。touch触摸；keep in touch保持联系；lose touch失去联系；keep touching继续触摸。根据“with my old friends and I often email them.”可知经常给他们发电子邮件，所以是和老朋友保持联系。keep in touch with sb.“与某人保持联系”。故选B。 23．There ________ a lot of stalls along the street, but now they all move out. A．used to be B．used to have C．had D．was 【答案】A 【详解】句意：过去沿着街道有许多的货摊，但是现在都搬走了。考查there be句型。There be结构中必须有be动词的形式，与have/has/had无关。排除选项BC；used to do sth.过去常常做某事，符合题意。故选A。 24．—Have you written anything about traditional Chinese food so far? —________, but I have a plan for it. A．Ever since B．Later on C．Not yet D．Since then 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——到目前为止你写过关于中国传统美食的文章吗? ——还没有，但我有这个计划。考查副词短语辨析。Ever since自那以来；Later on后来；Not yet还没有；Since then从那时起。根据“but I have a plan for it.”可知，此处是否定回答。故选C。 25．This maths exam is very difficult. ________, I have passed it. A．Anyway B．So C．And D．Or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这次考试非常难。不管怎样，我通过了。考查副词和连词辨析。Anyway不管怎样；So所以；And和；Or或者。根据“This exam is very difficult...I have passed it”可知，虽然考试难，但是不管怎样自己还是通过了。故选A。 26．Nowadays, people have many more ways of ________, but they don’t get as close as before. A．condition B．communication C．culture D．competition 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如今，人们有了更多的交流方式，但他们之间的距离不像以前那么近了。考查名词辨析。condition状态；communication交流；culture文化；competition竞争。根据语境可知，这句话表达的是虽然交流方式增加了，但人们的关系却不如以往亲密，communication符合题意。故选B。 27．—I have ________ finished my homework. What about you? —I finished it ________. A．just; yet B．yet; just now C．just; just now D．just now; just 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我刚做完作业。你呢？——我刚刚做完了。考查副词辨析。just刚刚，常用于现在完成时；just now刚才，用于一般过去时；yet还，常用于现在完成时，用在否定句或疑问句句尾。第一空所在句子为现在完成时，且是肯定句，应用just；第二空所在句子为一般过去时，应用just now，故选C。 28．—Dad, I want to buy a new computer, but I don’t have enough money. Do you have any good ideas? —Don’t waste money. I have a used computer in perfect ________. A．situation B．information C．environment D．condition 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我想买一台新电脑，但我没有足够的钱。你有什么好主意吗？——不要浪费钱。我有一台状况良好的二手电脑。考查名词辨析。situation情况；information信息；environment环境；condition状况。根据“Don’t waste money. I have a used computer in perfect”可知，此处讲述的是二手笔记本电脑的状况很好，in perfect condition“状况良好”。故选D。 29．You can achieve your dream if you work hard. A．forget B．realize C．beat D．encourage 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你努力工作，你就能实现你的梦想。考查动词辨析。forget忘记；realize实现；beat击败；encourage鼓励。achieve“实现”，与B项意思相同。故选B。 30．I won’t give my camera to you ________ you promise to bring it back by Saturday. A．if B．unless C．because D．since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不会把我的相机给你，除非你要保证星期六前把它还回来。考查连词。if如果；unless除非；because因为；since自从。结合句意，在你无法保证星期六前把它还回来的条件下，我不会把它给你的，因此用连词unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。 四、完形填空（10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 China is a country that has changed very quickly over the past fifty years. 31 you look closely (仔细地), you can see it 32 in front of your eyes. Fifty years ago, everybody travelled around by bike. Today lots of people in China still ride their bikes 33 school or work, but many people take the bus or travel 34 underground. There are some people who even drive their own cars. Shops 35 small businesses, but now the centres of China’s cities are full of 36 department stores. In these department stores, you can buy 37 you want on one trip. You can buy food, toys, bikes and even televisions. The television is 38 change that China has seen. Many children would say that they cannot imagine life 39 it, but years ago they could live without it. The Internet and the computer have recently become regular items in our lives. Without the Internet, people would not 40 get information as quickly as they can now. The Internet helps people become friends all over the world. 31．A．Even if B．If C．Although D．So 32．A．be changing B．to changing C．changing D．changes 33．A．from B．to C．in D．at 34．A．with B．at C．in D．by 35．A．used to be B．is used to be C．used to being D．was used to be 36．A．large B．larger C．small D．smaller 37．A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing 38．A．others B．one C．the others D．another 39．A．in B．by C．with D．without 40．A．can B．be able to C．able to D．could 【答案】 31．B 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．A 37．A 38．D 39．D 40．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国在过去50年间的快速变化，从交通方式到购物方式，再到科技产品的普及，突出了中国社会经济的飞速发展。 31．句意：如果你仔细看，你能看到它就在你眼前改变。 Even if即使；If如果；Although虽然；So因此。根据“ ...you look closely (仔细地), you can see it... ”可知，前句应是后句肯定条件，所以此处用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果仔细观看，就会看到变化”，故选B。 32．句意：如果你仔细看，你能看到它就在你眼前改变。 be changing正在改变；to changing改变；changing改变；changes改变。根据“you can see it ...in front of your eyes.”可知，此处强调变化正在你眼前发生，所以用see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，固定短语。故选C。 33．句意：今天，很多中国人仍然骑自行车去上学或上班，但很多人坐公交车或乘地铁出行。 from从；to去；in在；at在。根据“ride their bikes... school or work”可知，此处指骑自行车去上班或工作，所以介词用 to，故选B。 34．句意：今天，很多中国人仍然骑自行车去上学或上班，但很多人坐公交车或乘地铁出行。 with用；at在；in在；by乘。表示乘坐交通工具用介词 by，by underground“乘地铁”。故选D。 35．句意：商店曾经是小企业，但现在中国城市的中心充满了大百货公司。 used to be曾经是；is used to be被用于是；used to being习惯于是；was used to be曾经被用于是。根据“now”可知，空处是介绍过去的情况，所以应用 used to be，故选A。 36．句意：商店曾经是小企业，但现在中国城市的中心充满了大百货公司。 large大的；larger更大的；small小的；smaller更小的。根据“ Shops... small businesses, but now”可知，此处是对比过去和现在的状态，small对应的应是large，故选A。 37．句意：在这些百货公司里，你可以一次购物买到你想要的任何东西。 anything任何东西；something某些东西；everything所有东西；nothing没有东西。根据“You can buy food, toys, bikes and even televisions.”可知，应是可以买到“任何你想要的东西”，所以用 anything，故选A。 38．句意：电视是中国见证的另一个变化。 others其他的，修饰可数名词复数；one一个；the others其他的（剩下的）；another另一个。根据“Many children would say that they cannot imagine life...it, but years ago they could live without it. The Internet and the computer have recently become regular items in our lives”可知，此处强调“另一个变化”，用 another，故选D。 39．句意：许多孩子会说他们无法想象没有它的生活，但几年前他们没有它还可以生活。 in在；by通过；with和……一起；without没有。根据“but years ago they could live without it”可知，前后句意表示转折，所以此处表示“没有电视”的生活，用 without“没有”，故选D。 40．句意：如果没有互联网，人们就不可能像现在这样快速地获取信息。 can能，情态动词；be able to能够，动词短语；able to和be构成短语be able to；could能，情态动词。根据“Without the Internet, people would not... get information as quickly as they can now”及常识可知，没有电脑的话，人们就不能快速获取信息了，情态动词would后跟动词原形。故选B。 五、阅读理解（20分） A Most people in the USA, the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Canada speak English as a first language. However, English is spoken all over the world: it is the main language in about 60 countries, such as India, Singapore, and many of the Caribbean (加勒比海的) and Pacific (太平洋的) islands. English is also used as an important international language in many other countries, like China and Japan. People in these countries use it for business, and travellers use English when they are in foreign countries. Other people may learn English because they enjoy reading books in English, listening to English music and watching English films. English has changed a lot over the years and still goes on changing. It is no longer right to talk about British English or American English if the speakers come or don’t come from those countries. People in Japan or Korea, for example, may use the American spelling but may not sound like Americans. English will be the most widely used language in the world in the 21st century. This language no longer belongs to only British, American or Australian speakers. It belongs to anyone in the world. Therefore, as a high school student today, think about how you can use this language. After you leave school, you will almost certainly need it. 41．How many countries use English as a first language in the world? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Six. 42．In which countries is English spoken as a main language? A．The UK, the USA and Australia. B．India, Singapore and many of the Caribbean and Pacific islands. C．China and Japan. D．Canada and Korea. 43．People in some countries learn English for ________. A．passing exams B．business and travelling C．reading English books and enjoying English music and films D．both B and C 44．If people in Japan or Korea use American spelling, they ________. A．will speak the same as Americans B．may not sound like Americans C．will speak British English D．will speak English much better 45．What is the best title for the passage? A．A first language in the world. B．A second language in the world. C．English around the world. D．A useful language. 【答案】41．D 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了英语在世界各地的使用情况及其重要性。 41．细节理解题。根据“Most people in the USA, the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Canada speak English as a first language.”可知，英语作为第一语言的国家有美国、英国、澳大利亚、新西兰、爱尔兰和加拿大，共六个国家。故选D。 42．细节理解题。根据“English is spoken all over the world: it is the main language in about 60 countries, such as India, Singapore, and many of the Caribbean and Pacific islands.”可知，在包括印度、新加坡和加勒比海及太平洋的许多岛国在内的60多个国家中，英语是它们的主要语言。故选B。 43．细节理解题。根据“People in these countries use it for business, and travellers use English when they are in foreign countries. Other people may learn English because they enjoy reading books in English, listening to English music and watching English films.”可知，在一些国家，人们会因为商务、旅行、喜欢读英语书、听英语音乐或看英语电影而学习英语。故选D。 44．细节理解题。根据“People in Japan or Korea, for example, may use the American spelling but may not sound like Americans.”可知，日本和韩国人可能会用美语拼读，但听起来可能不像美国人。故选B。 45．最佳标题题。根据“However, English is spoken all over the world”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了英国在世界各国的使用以及它的重要性，C选项“英语遍及全世界”符合全文内容。故选C。 B In the 18th century, cities became larger and larger. People moved from the country and town to the city, because there was more work for them to do in the city. During the holidays, they liked to leave the city and have a good time in the country. But not every family had a horse. People needed another kind of transport. Inventors in many countries tried to meet this need. The first bicycle was very simple. It was made in 1817. Then bicycles became popular. People liked bikes, because they were not so expensive as horses. People did not need to build a house to keep them in, and they wanted nothing to eat. People could ride them in the city and in the country. Everybody in the family could go and come by bike—men, women, girls and boys. Today, people in every country of the world ride bikes. 46．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the bike has become a popular form of transport B．transport has changed a lot C．cities became larger and larger in the 18th century D．travelling in the country is more difficult than travelling in the city 47．In the 18th century, people from the country and town moved to the city to ________. A．have a good time B．get horses C．find work D．ride bikes 48．Bikes were used as a popular form of transport ________. A．before 1817 B．in the 18th century C．in the 17th century D．after 1817 49．People went back to the country when they had ________. A．holidays B．bicycles C．another form of transport D．horses 50．Why did people like bikes? A．Because bikes were cheaper than horses. B．Because everyone in the family could go and come on a bike. C．Because people can ride bikes in the city and in the country. D．All of the above. 【答案】46．A 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了骑自行车这一交通方式的发展，它已经成为一种受欢迎的交通方式。 46．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了骑自行车这一交通方式的发展，它已经成为一种受欢迎的交通方式。故选A。 47．细节理解题。根据“In the 18th century, cities became larger and larger. People moved from the country and town to the city, because there was more work for them to do in the city”可知在18世纪，城市变得越来越大，人们从农村和城镇搬到城市，因为他们在城市有更多的工作要做。故选C。 48．细节理解题。根据“It was made in 1817. Then bicycles became popular.”可知第一辆自行车是1817年制造的，随后，自行车开始流行起来。故选D。 49．细节理解题。根据“During the holidays, they liked to leave the city and have a good time in the country.”可知假期里，他们喜欢离开城市，在乡下度过美好的时光。故选A。 50．细节理解题。根据“People liked bikes, because they were not so expensive as horses...People could ride them in the city and in the country. Everybody in the family could go and come by bike—men, women, girls and boys.”可知人们喜欢自行车，因为它们没有马那么贵，人们可以在城市和乡村骑行，家里的每个人都可以骑自行车来来去去。故选D。 六、短文首字母填空（10分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. The roads used to be n 51 and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was r 52 everywhere. And the air wasn’t f 53 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the w 54 into the river. Water pollution was also a big problem. Nowadays, our living c 55 have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It’s really easy for people to go out. We can choose different t 56 of transport to go anywhere. The g 57 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 58 into big beautiful houses. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. The birds are singing h 59 . Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colorful flowers. Our country is becoming richer and s 60 . We are living a happy life. 【答案】 51．(n)arrow 52．(r)ubbish 53．(f)resh 54．(w)aste 55．(c)onditions 56．(t)ypes 57．(g)overnment 58．(m)oved 59．(h)appily 60．(s)tronger 【导语】本文从道路、交通、住房等几方面讲述家乡今昔的变化。过去道路狭窄、拥挤，房子又旧又小，到处是垃圾和水污染；现在道路宽阔整洁，人们出行方便，住在新房，蓝天白云，人们过着幸福的生活。 51． 句意：过去道路狭窄拥挤。该句中and连接相同词类的词，crowded为形容词，空格处也应为形容词。又根据首字母提示和“… and crowded. The houses were old and small”可知，此处描述过去道路的状况比较差，应用narrow表示“狭窄的”，符合语境。故填(n)arrow。 52．句意：到处都是垃圾。本段描述过去“肮乱差”的状况，根据首字母提示和“There was…everywhere”可知，此处指“垃圾无处不在”，应用不可数名词“rubbish垃圾”，符合语境。故填(r)ubbish。 53．句意：空气不够清新。根据“There was a paper factory near our school.”及上文提到“到处都是垃圾”的情况可推测，此处指“空气不够清新”。再结合首字母提示及“the air wasn’t … enough.”可知，此处缺形容词，应用“fresh新鲜的”。故填(f)resh。 54．句意：他们经常把废弃物排进河里。根据首字母提示及“put the … into …”可知，此处是指人们经常把“废弃物”排进河里，应用不可数名词“waste废弃物”。故填(w)aste。 55．句意：现在，我们的生活条件有了很大的改善。根据下文“The roads … transport … many tall buildings …”道路、交通、住房方面改善了很多，可推测此处是指“居住环境”得到了改善。结合首字母提示和“… have improved a lot”可知，此处缺名词复数形式，作主语，应用“conditions环境”。故填(c)onditions。 56．句意：我们可以选择不同的交通工具去任何地方。根据上文“It’s really easy for people to go out”人们出行方便可知，此处指“不同类型”的交通工具。结合首字母提示及“different …”可知，此处缺可数名词的复数形式，应用“types类型”。故填(t)ypes。 57．句意：政府还建造了许多高楼大厦。根据首字母提示及“… built many tall buildings”可知，此处指“政府”修建了高楼大厦，应用“government政府”。故填(g)overnment。 58．句意：我们大多数人都搬进了漂亮的大房子。根据“Most of us have … into big beautiful houses.”和首字母提示可知，此处指人们“搬进”新房里。该句为现在完成时，应用动词过去分词形式moved作谓语，“moved into搬进……”，符合语境。故填(m)oved。 59．句意：鸟儿在快乐地歌唱。根据首字母提示及上文“The sky is blue and the cloud is white”可知，此处指鸟儿“欢快地，高兴地”歌唱，应用副词“happily高兴地”。故填(h)appily。 60．句意：我们的国家正变得越来越富裕和强大。该句中and连接相同词类的词，richer为形容词的比较级，空格处也应为形容词比较级。全文描述了家乡的巨大变化，结合首字母提示和语境可知，此处应用形容词的比较级“stronger强大的”。故填(s)tronger。 七、阅读表达（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，完成下面问题。 “Vegetable Basket Line” In southwest China’s Chongqing, more subway lines are rolling out (延伸) to the rural areas (农村区域) around the city, particularly (特别是) Line 4. Known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”, Line 4 connects the city’s northeast Shichuan town to the city center. It has a total length of 32.8 kilometers and 15 stations. Since its opening in 2022, it has offered local farmers near the town more ways to sell their vegetables. The vegetables used to be sold at low prices in the town. But now they can be sold at higher prices in the city. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the Shichuan town station is crowded with farmers. They carry baskets (篮子) filled with fresh vegetables on their backs, or use shoulder poles (肩扛杆) to carry the baskets. The station used to open at 6:15 a.m. To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day. In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can take the subway for free. The opening of this subway line helps the elderly not only save money but also save time. An elderly couple in their 80s take the subway to sell vegetables every morning. According to the couple, it used to take them more than one hour to reach the city center as they had to take several buses. Now, by taking the subway, they can get there in less than 30 minutes. And they can sell all their vegetables in less than three hours after arriving at the market. 61．How long has Line 4 in Chongqing been used? 62．When does the Shichuan town station open now? 63．Who can take the subway for free in Chongqing? 64．According to the elderly couple, can they save time by taking the subway? 65．What do you think of “Vegetable Basket Line”? 【答案】61．Since 2022. 62．At 6:10 am. 63．People over the age of 65. 64．Yes, (they can). 65．“Vegetable Basket Line” is useful for farmers. 【导语】本文主要介绍了重庆的被称为“菜篮子线”的地铁四号线。 61．根据“Since its opening in 2022”可知，4号线自从2022年开始使用。故填Since 2022. 62．根据“The station used to open at 6:15 a.m. To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day.”可知，石船镇站现在是早上6点10分开。故填At 6:10 am. 63．根据“In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can take the subway for free.”可知，在重庆，65岁以上的人可以免费乘坐地铁。故填People over the age of 65. 64．根据“According to the couple, it used to take them more than one hour to reach the city center as they had to take several buses. Now, by taking the subway, they can get there in less than 30 minutes.”可知，根据这对夫妇说的话可知，坐地铁能够节省时间。故填Yes, (they can). 65．开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为“Vegetable Basket Line” is useful for farmers. 八、书面表达（20分） 假设某中学生英文报开展关于生活变化的征文活动，请你根据下表所提供的要点，以“Changes in our lives”为题，为该报写一篇文章，简述家乡、交通、学校以及个人的若干变化，并展望未来生活。 变化 家乡 小路——大路 交通 步行、骑车——乘车、开车 学校 旧教学楼——新教学楼 个人 仅通过书本学习——通过网络学习 愿望 更加美好的生活(或自拟内容，说说自己的理想生活) 注意: 1. 包括所给要点，可以适当发挥，不要简单翻译； 2. 词数80左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Changes in our lives With the development of China’s economy (经济), great changes have taken place in our lives in the past few years. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文: Changes in our lives With the development of China’s economy, great changes have taken place in our lives in the past few years. There are more and more people in my town now. The roads are wider and cleaner, and the public transport is better. As a result, it is easier for us to travel. In the past, people went to work or school on foot or by bicycle, but now most people have their own cars. School buildings used to be very old. Students could only get knowledge from books. However, things have changed a lot. Students now study in tall and bright buildings and they can surf the Internet for more information. I truly believe that we are living happier lives than before, and I take great pride in my hometown. I hope for a better life in the future. I want to help make our world better and enjoy new ways of living. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：一般现在时为主； ③提示：写作要点提示和开头已给出，考试应注意要求中的内容，充实细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，由经济的发展带来生活的巨大变化引入话题； 第二步，具体介绍家乡、交通、学校、个人生活的变化； 第三步，表达自己感想。 [亮点词汇] ①take place发生 ②public transport公共交通 ③as a result结果 ④used to过去常常 ⑤take pride in以……为自豪 [高分句型] ① In the past, people went to work or school on foot or by bicycle, but now most people have their own cars. (并列句) ② I truly believe that we are living happier lives than before, and I take great pride in my hometown. (宾语从句和并列句) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$