精品解析：福建省龙岩市第一中学2024-2025学年高一上学期第二次月考英语试题

龙岩一中 2027届高一上学期第二次月考 英语试题 （满分：150分 时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much does the man offer? A. $100. B. $85. C. $70. 2. When does the man suggest having a picnic? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 3. What did the speakers just do? A. They did revision. B. They took an exam. C. They asked some questions. 4. Where will the speakers go? A. A supermarket. B. A restaurant. C. A coffee shop. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Visiting customers. B. Writing emails. C. Arranging a meeting. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Classmates. 7. What music homework has the girl done? A. The drum. B. The violin. C. The piano. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What is the woman? A. A front desk worker. B. A room service server. C. A hotel manager. 9. What will the man do next? A. Show his ID. B. Pay the bill. C. Go upstairs. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who did the man go to competitions with? A. His exercise partners. B. His parents. C. His friends. 11 What sport was the woman unwilling to do? A. Swimming. B. Gymnastics. C. Football. 12. What is the woman’s opinion on girls in terms of sport? A. They should put in more time. B. They have much more choices. C. They are forced to do girls sports. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What problem is the man facing now? A. Choosing his major. B. Finding a job. C. Attending a college. 14. What does the man think of Biology? A. Confusing. B. Unattractive. C. Interesting. 15. What does the man probably want to be? A. An engineer. B. A biologist. C. A doctor. 16. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Learn Biology in college. B. Ask his father for advice. C. Stick to his own will. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the student union consider first about the trip? A. The place. B. The time. C. The participants. 18. Why won’t the trip take place in spring this year? A. Students will be busy preparing for exams. B. Few students expressed interest in it early. C. Many students suggested changing the time. 19. What is James Plymouth responsible for? A. The accommodation. B. The exams. C. The bookings. 20. What do the participants have to do about the trip? A. Choose a roommate in advance. B. Decide their preferred room type. C. Hand in a form signed by a parent. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do Dolphins Have a Language? We know that dolphins make unique sounds, but is that a language? If you’re interested in it, you are welcome to the activity recommended by Denise Herzing! About Denise Herzing Denise Herzing of Florida Atlantic University (FAU) is the organiser and research director of the Wild Dolphin Project, which has a goal of understanding dolphins’ social system, behaviour, and communication. For over thirty years, she has spent each summer watching Atlantic dolphins carefully in the Bahamas. Activity Guide: Purpose: Dolphins use sound to communicate, but they can’t make sounds in the way we humans make. Out of the water dolphins can make different sounds by changing the shape of their blowhole (呼吸孔), which is similar to changing the shape of our own mouths. Underwater, though, they use a totally different system, and they make sounds without letting any air out. You can learn more about how that works here. In this activity we’re going to try to talk like a dolphin. Materials: Nothing! But find a partner, maybe a brother or sister or a parent — or if you have one, a dog or cat. After all, this activity is about communication between humans and animals. How To Do It: Take a deep breath, hold your nose to keep it shut, and try to communicate with your partner. If your partner is a pet, try saying its name or asking it to “come here”. When you’re done, think about what made it hard, what solutions you found, and think why dolphins may have developed to communicate in this way. Then listen to sounds from all kinds of sea animals and compare your dolphin sound to theirs. 1. What can we learn about Denise Herzing? A. She holds the activity in FAU. B. She is an expert in dolphins. C. She wants to find a partner for her research. D. She fell in love with dolphins when young. 2. What would you have to do for the activity? A. Have a pet next to you. B. Keep breathing deeply. C. Talk with your nose closed. D. Compare dolphins with other animals. 3. Where can the text be found? A. In a diary. B. In a report. C. In a travel brochure. D. In an activity book B It is probably the strangest sport anyone has ever invented. And at first sight, it looks like the easiest. Competitors have to do two things. The first is to stand still. The second is to place their hands anywhere on the body of a car, and keep it there. This is where things start getting difficult. Lots of people are doing the same thing. And the winner of the “handathon” contest is the person who can carry on doing it for the longest time. That person gets to own the car. It still seems to be an easy thing to do. At the beginning it is. Anyone can stand still. But when the contest has been going for four or five days, standing still seems like the most difficult job in the world. And keeping the hand in place over this time becomes an act of serious attention. After a few days, the hand seems to belong to someone else—someone who wants to go home and get some sleep. Competitors are allowed to take a five-minute break every hour to eat, drink or do whatever else is necessary. No one is allowed to lean on the car for support. Winners need to be able to show great powers of attention. They also need to be able to develop special skills. Maybe the popularity of the handathon is due to the fact that it is not necessary to be a trained athlete to enter. Competitors in the Longview handathon certainly don’t seem to do much preparation. Most say they will prepare by “getting lots of sleep”. Others say they will “eat healthy food” or “pray for success”. The whole event gives ordinary people the chance to do something interesting and win something in the end. Handathons are competitions, but there is little rivalry (敌对) between competitors. They help each other out and keep each other’s spirits up. People who drop out early return with food, drink and encouragement. 4 What does the word “handathon” probably mean? A. A sport involving walking a long distance. B. A sport involving moving hands fast. C. A sport involving keeping hands in place for long. D. A sport involving holding up hands steadily for long. 5. What might make handathon seem to be the strangest sport? A. It seems to be a very easy sport but in fact very difficult. B. At first sight people think it obviously very difficult. C. It is very interesting and an easy to all kinds of people. D. It requires people to have strength instead of attention. 6. Why is handathon popular? A. Specially trained athletes can enter the competition. B. Competitors don’t need to make any preparations. C. Anyone who is interested can be specially trained for it. D. Ordinary people can have the chance to play and win something. 7. Which of the following is against the rule for handathon? A. Standing still. B. Changing the place of hands. C. Placing hands in one place. D. Taking a four-minute break. C Let’s get one thing straight: Studying sometimes is boring, right? But it is extremely necessary. After all, working through difficult material is a necessary part of the learning process—which leads to the obvious question: If I have to do it, is there at least a way to make it fun? During Carol Dweck’s research for her book Mindset (思维模式): The New Psychology of Success, she found that students deal with learning in one of the two ways: they either look at difficult courses with a fixed mindset or with a growth mindset. Those with fixed mindsets believe that intelligence and talent are set in stone. For example, if they find a certain math problem difficult, they’d think, “I guess I’m just not a math person.” In contrast, students with growth mindsets are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives. If they come across a difficult problem, they will think, “I can get better at this...But I have to tough it out.” Dweck found that most students start out pretty interested in a subject. Yet over the semester, something happens. Students with the fixed mindset may stay interested only when they do well right away. Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment. If it isn’t a testimony (证明) to their intelligence, they can’t enjoy it. In contrast, students with the growth mindset are able to continue to show the same high level of enjoyment even when they find the work very difficult. Difficulty and interest go hand in hand. If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying, don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are. Instead, think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow. 8. Which of the following might students with fixed mindsets believe? A. They are not interested in math. B. Their abilities are not valued. C. Their mindset determines their ability. D. Failure is caused by their intelligence. 9. What does the underlined phrase “tough it out” mean in paragraph 2? A. Stick to it. B. Get away from it. C. Give in to it. D. Refer to it. 10. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Students who are able to deal with difficult problems do better in their studies. B. Students who find it hard to fix problems lose their interest in their studies. C. Students mindsets play a huge role in how interested they are in their studies. D. Students’ interests have a big effect on how well they perform in their studies. 11. What may the author suggest learners doing to make studying fun? A. Choosing an active and positive mindset. B. Regarding learning as a test of intelligence. C. Paying little attention to the task difficulty. D. Looking for a strong inspiration to succeed. D Each year, the discovery of new shark species underlines how little we know about ocean biodiversity. In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. These extremely small fossils provide a rich record of ancient oceanic sharks and their abundance for thousands of years. By studying fossils from many regions, the diversity patterns can give major insights into evolution (进化) of the open sea that would be otherwise unknown. Sibert and Rubin quantified(量化)a past extinction of sharks, reporting a 90% decline in number and >70% drop in diversity. They found that nearer-shore sharks appear to survive, but migratory ones go extinct. The finding of this study is that sharks had undergone a widespread extinction that reorganized their communities from 16 million to 20 million years ago. Sibert and Rubin narrowed the disappearance of sharks to a window of time under 100000 years around 19 million years ago, but the causes of this event remain unclear. Because this time period does not stand out as a period of major climatic change, the authors do not attribute(归因于) environmental factors as an extinction driver. As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. The loss of sharks from the oceans has profound, complex, and unavoidable ecological consequences because their presence reflects the stability of marine ecosystems. Yet, one-quarter of the global diversity of sharks is currently threatened with extinction. Despite recent improvements in conservation actions, shark communities never recovered from a mysterious extinction event 19 million years ago; the ecological fate of what remains is now in our hands. 12 What did Sibert and Rubin find? A. The negative impact of the extinction of sharks. B. The mysterious reasons behind the disappearance of sharks. C. The most recent advances in the study of the largest ecosystem. D. The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago. 13. How did Sibert and Rubin conduct their study? A. By collecting and analyzing shark fossils worldwide. B. By quantifying the movement of near-shore sharks. C. By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks. D. By keeping track of ancient oceanic sharks and their activities. 14. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true? A. Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity. B. The number of sharks has recovered to its previous level. C. Scientist have figured out the exact causes of sharks’ extinction. D. Sharks had undergone a widespread extinction due to the climate change. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Sharks: The Stories behind Them B. Sharks: The Marine Masters C. Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood? D. Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Climate change(气候变化)influences people in many ways. Extreme weather and sea-level rise can destroy homes. People can suffer physical harm from the effects of rising greenhouse gases. ___16___. And children and teens are especially at risk of suffering from such mental(精神上的)problems, according to a new I report. “The brains of children and teens are still growing and developing,” says Lise Van Susteren. She is an expert on the mental-health effects of climate change. Those growing brains make young people especially easily influenced by climate change. For example, many kids worry that the influences of climate change are expected to only worsen. ___17___ Not every young person will have these feelings. But for many, the feelings can get in the way of their normal life. Luckily, there are things the young can do to deal with bad feelings. For example, Van Susteren advises, “ ___18___ These are people who can help you let these feelings out.” Susie Burke is an expert providing mental health care in Melbourne, Australia. ___19___ Playing outside can help children keep calm. It can also improve someone’s ability to pay full attention to things. ___20___ For example,14-year-old Milou Albrecht is an activist(积极分子). Since last year, she has been one of the members of Australia’s energy-saving programs. Milou says doing something to stop climate change helps her relax to some degree. A. Talk with your friends or families. B. She encourages students to get out in nature. C. No part of the world has been left untouched. D. The most important thing is to have a sense of hope. E. It’s also a great way to take action to protect the environment. F. But climate change can also be bad for people’s mental health. G. This can cause feelings of sadness, fear, worry and nervousness. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Dressed up as Captain America for parades sometimes, Timothy White could have saved the day with his shield (盾牌) if he were the superhero. But in real life, when he saw ___21___this September afternoon, he wasn’t wearing his costume and couldn’t depend on superpowers. White was driving home in Harrisburg when he noticed something hard to ___22___. A truck on the opposite side of the street was moving from side to side uncontrollably and the driver appeared to be ___23___. Referred to as Captain Harrisburg, White had to stop that ___24___before accidents. Having made a U-turn, White faced the same ___25___ as the truck and tried to overtake. No luck with the heavy traffic. ___26___, Captain Harrisburg ran like crazy to catch up with the truck and leaped in through its open window. The man behind the ___27___, 64-year-old Todd DeAngelis, was barely awake and quite ___28___by a stranger near him. White took ___29___ of the stick shift and forced the truck to park. DeAngelis, a diabetic (糖尿病患者), said he was not well. White ____30____ down a police officer. An ambulance ____31____ DeAngelis to a hospital, where it was ____32____that had his blood sugar gone lower, things could have been much worse. After his ____33____, DeAngelis credited White with saving his life. White’s actions that day were not out of ____34____. He ran a nonprofit and he once tried to save people on fire. He was from playing a ____35____ to becoming one in real life. 21. A. work B. failure C. fun D. trouble 22. A. stop B. change C. miss D. forgive 23. A. bored B. asleep C. calm D. cheerful 24. A. vehicle B. survivor C. player D. trick 25. A. chance B. direction C. task D. danger 26. A. Speeding up B. Hurrying back C. Pulling over D. Rolling out 27 A. seat B. door C. window D. wheel 28. A. annoyed B. surprised C. inspired D. amused 29. A. hold B. care C. note D. delivery 30. A. knocked B. turned C. flagged D. set 31. A. rushed B. applied C. pointed D. dragged 32. A. determined B. discussed C. celebrated D. preferred 33. A. injury B. training C. recovery D. driving 34. A. question B. balance C. practice D. character 35. A. captain B. policeman C. doctor D. superhero 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Among natural disasters, like tornados, droughts, landslides, tsunamis, floods, typhoons, hurricanes and volcanic eruptions, which often cause terrible damage and a lot of deaths, earthquakes tend to be the most ____36____ (destroy). The earthquake that ____37____ (strike) Tangshan on 18 July 1976, nearly put the city in ruins. People were shocked ____38____ (find) the walls cracked, the railway tracks became useless pieces of mental, and over 75 percent of the buildings fell down, ____39____ (cover) the ground with broken bricks. People who ____40____ (trap) or buried tapped on pipes or whistled for help. Before long, rescue teams spared no effort to dig ____41____ (they) out, and the ____42____ (survive) were settled in shelters that were put up in an open air, ____43____ electricity and fresh water could be supplied. ____44____ (slow), the city began to breathe and revive itself. With strong support from the government and the ______45______ (tired) efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 第四部分（10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 用方框中英语单词或词组的适当形式完成句子，其中有三项为多余选项。 organize, sweep away, bury, request, be responsible for, cut... out, attract, blow...away, survive, injure, come out of, expect, dig 46. Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths ________ to grow even higher over the next few days. 47. One of the best players had ________, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. 48. I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to ________ a lot more. 49. At least one well had some smelly gas ________ it. 50. No one in modern times knew about the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they ________ a well. 51. Foreign aid is ________ for the tsunami-hit countries. 52. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could ________. 53. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars were ________ by huge waves. 54. It’s not unusual for teenagers of your generation to ________ to computer games. 55. The army sent many soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were stuck and ________ the dead. 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分） 56. 请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，激发同学们的运动热情，内容包括： 1．介绍这项运动：2．说明推荐理由：3．温馨提示。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Stand up and Exercise, Everybody! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. A 18. C 20. C 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 龙岩一中 2027届高一上学期第二次月考 英语试题 （满分：150分 时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much does the man offer? A. $100. B. $85. C. $70. 2. When does the man suggest having a picnic? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 3. What did the speakers just do? A. They did revision. B. They took an exam. C. They asked some questions. 4. Where will the speakers go? A. A supermarket. B. A restaurant. C. A coffee shop. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Visiting customers. B. Writing emails. C. Arranging a meeting. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Classmates. 7. What music homework has the girl done? A. The drum. B. The violin. C. The piano. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What is the woman? A. A front desk worker. B. A room service server. C. A hotel manager. 9. What will the man do next? A. Show his ID. B. Pay the bill. C. Go upstairs. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who did the man go to competitions with? A. His exercise partners. B. His parents. C. His friends. 11. What sport was the woman unwilling to do? A. Swimming. B. Gymnastics. C. Football. 12. What is the woman’s opinion on girls in terms of sport? A. They should put in more time. B. They have much more choices. C. They are forced to do girls sports. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What problem is the man facing now? A. Choosing his major. B. Finding a job. C. Attending a college. 14. What does the man think of Biology? A. Confusing. B. Unattractive. C. Interesting. 15. What does the man probably want to be? A. An engineer. B. A biologist. C. A doctor. 16. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Learn Biology in college. B. Ask his father for advice. C. Stick to his own will. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the student union consider first about the trip? A. The place. B. The time. C. The participants. 18. Why won’t the trip take place in spring this year? A. Students will be busy preparing for exams. B. Few students expressed interest in it early. C. Many students suggested changing the time. 19. What is James Plymouth responsible for? A. The accommodation. B. The exams. C. The bookings. 20. What do the participants have to do about the trip? A. Choose a roommate in advance. B. Decide their preferred room type. C. Hand in a form signed by a parent. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do Dolphins Have a Language? We know that dolphins make unique sounds, but is that a language? If you’re interested in it, you are welcome to the activity recommended by Denise Herzing! About Denise Herzing Denise Herzing of Florida Atlantic University (FAU) is the organiser and research director of the Wild Dolphin Project, which has a goal of understanding dolphins’ social system, behaviour, and communication. For over thirty years, she has spent each summer watching Atlantic dolphins carefully in the Bahamas. Activity Guide: Purpose: Dolphins use sound to communicate, but they can’t make sounds in the way we humans make. Out of the water dolphins can make different sounds by changing the shape of their blowhole (呼吸孔), which is similar to changing the shape of our own mouths. Underwater, though, they use a totally different system, and they make sounds without letting any air out. You can learn more about how that works here. In this activity we’re going to try to talk like a dolphin. Materials: Nothing! But find a partner, maybe a brother or sister or a parent — or if you have one, a dog or cat. After all, this activity is about communication between humans and animals. How To Do It: Take a deep breath, hold your nose to keep it shut, and try to communicate with your partner. If your partner is a pet, try saying its name or asking it to “come here”. When you’re done, think about what made it hard, what solutions you found, and think why dolphins may have developed to communicate in this way. Then listen to sounds from all kinds of sea animals and compare your dolphin sound to theirs. 1. What can we learn about Denise Herzing? A. She holds the activity in FAU. B. She is an expert in dolphins. C. She wants to find a partner for her research. D. She fell in love with dolphins when young. 2. What would you have to do for the activity? A. Have a pet next to you. B. Keep breathing deeply. C. Talk with your nose closed. D. Compare dolphins with other animals. 3. Where can the text be found? A. In a diary. B. In a report. C. In a travel brochure. D. In an activity book 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要推荐人们参加Denise Herzing推荐的关于海豚的活动。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据About Denise Herzing部分的“Denise Herzing of Florida Atlantic University (FAU) is the organiser and research director of the Wild Dolphin Project, which has a goal of understanding dolphins’ social system, behaviour, and communication. For over thirty years, she has spent each summer watching Atlantic dolphins carefully in the Bahamas.（佛罗里达大西洋大学(FAU)的Denise Herzing是野生海豚项目的组织者和研究主任，该项目的目标是了解海豚的社会系统、行为和交流。三十多年来，她每年夏天都在巴哈马群岛仔细观察大西洋海豚）”可推知，Denise Herzing是海豚方面的专家。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How To Do It部分的“Take a deep breath, hold your nose to keep it shut, and try to communicate with your partner.（深呼吸，捂住你的鼻子，试着和你的伴侣交流）”可知，在这个活动中，你说话时要闭上鼻子。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“We know that dolphins make unique sounds, but is that a language? If you’re interested in it, you are welcome to the activity recommended by Denise Herzing!（我们知道海豚会发出独特的声音，但那是一种语言吗?如果你对此感兴趣，欢迎参加Denise Herzing推荐的活动!）”可知，文章推荐读者参加一个关于海豚的活动，可能出自一本活动书籍。故选D。 B It is probably the strangest sport anyone has ever invented. And at first sight, it looks like the easiest. Competitors have to do two things. The first is to stand still. The second is to place their hands anywhere on the body of a car, and keep it there. This is where things start getting difficult. Lots of people are doing the same thing. And the winner of the “handathon” contest is the person who can carry on doing it for the longest time. That person gets to own the car. It still seems to be an easy thing to do. At the beginning it is. Anyone can stand still. But when the contest has been going for four or five days, standing still seems like the most difficult job in the world. And keeping the hand in place over this time becomes an act of serious attention. After a few days, the hand seems to belong to someone else—someone who wants to go home and get some sleep. Competitors are allowed to take a five-minute break every hour to eat, drink or do whatever else is necessary. No one is allowed to lean on the car for support. Winners need to be able to show great powers of attention. They also need to be able to develop special skills. Maybe the popularity of the handathon is due to the fact that it is not necessary to be a trained athlete to enter. Competitors in the Longview handathon certainly don’t seem to do much preparation. Most say they will prepare by “getting lots of sleep”. Others say they will “eat healthy food” or “pray for success”. The whole event gives ordinary people the chance to do something interesting and win something in the end. Handathons are competitions, but there is little rivalry (敌对) between competitors. They help each other out and keep each other’s spirits up. People who drop out early return with food, drink and encouragement. 4. What does the word “handathon” probably mean? A. A sport involving walking a long distance. B. A sport involving moving hands fast. C. A sport involving keeping hands in place for long. D. A sport involving holding up hands steadily for long. 5. What might make handathon seem to be the strangest sport? A. It seems to be a very easy sport but in fact very difficult. B. At first sight people think it obviously very difficult. C. It is very interesting and an easy to all kinds of people. D. It requires people to have strength instead of attention. 6. Why is handathon popular? A. Specially trained athletes can enter the competition. B. Competitors don’t need to make any preparations. C. Anyone who is interested can be specially trained for it. D. Ordinary people can have the chance to play and win something. 7. Which of the following is against the rule for handathon? A. Standing still. B. Changing the place of hands. C. Placing hands in one place. D. Taking a four-minute break. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。把手放在车身上，站立不动，坚持时间最长的人会得到这部车，你见过这样的“手拉松”吗? 本文对这种“手拉松”做出了详细地介绍，讲述了比赛过程，比赛过程中最难的部分以及这项比赛受欢迎的原因。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It is probably the strangest sport anyone has ever invented. Competitors have to do two things. The first is to stand still. The second is to place their hands anywhere on the body of a car, and keep it there.(这可能是人们发明的最奇怪的运动了。乍一看，这似乎是最简单的。竞争对手必须做两件事。首先是站着不动。第二是把手放在车身上的任何地方，并保持在那里。)”以及第二段“And the winner of the “handathon” contest is the person who can carry on doing it for the longest time. (“手马拉松”比赛的获胜者是能够坚持最长时间的人。)”可知，这项运动要求参赛者必须把他们的手放在车身的任何地方保持不动，是一项长时间把手放在原地的运动。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。纵观全文可知，第一段作者说“And at first sight, it looks like the easiest. (乍一看，这似乎是最简单的)”，第三段“It still seems to be an easy thing to do. (那仍然看起来是很简单的事情)”，但是第三段下文马上来了个转折“But when the contest has been going for four or five days, standing still seems like the most difficult job in the world.(但当比赛进行了四五天，站着不动似乎是世界上最困难的工作。)”可知，作者认为“手拉松”似乎是一项很容易的运动，但实际上很难，并不像它看上去那么简单。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中第一句“Maybe the popularity of the handathon is due to the fact that it is not necessary to be a trained athlete to enter.(也许“手拉松”的流行是由于它不一定是一个训练有素的运动员参加。)”和“The whole event gives ordinary people the chance to do something interesting and win something in the end.(整个活动让普通人有机会做一些有趣的事情，并最终赢得一些东西。)”可知，它流行的原因是因为不需要进行专门的训练，换句话说，只要有兴趣任何人就可以参加，普通人就可以有机会玩游戏并赢得一些东西。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“The first is to stand still. The second is to place their hands anywhere on the body of a car, and keep it there.(首先是站着不动。第二是把他们的手放在车身上的任何地方，并保持在那里。)”可知，运动员必须把他们的手放在车的某个地方并保持不动。故B项“改变手的位置”不符合规则。故选B。 C Let’s get one thing straight: Studying sometimes is boring, right? But it is extremely necessary. After all, working through difficult material is a necessary part of the learning process—which leads to the obvious question: If I have to do it, is there at least a way to make it fun? During Carol Dweck’s research for her book Mindset (思维模式): The New Psychology of Success, she found that students deal with learning in one of the two ways: they either look at difficult courses with a fixed mindset or with a growth mindset. Those with fixed mindsets believe that intelligence and talent are set in stone. For example, if they find a certain math problem difficult, they’d think, “I guess I’m just not a math person.” In contrast, students with growth mindsets are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives. If they come across a difficult problem, they will think, “I can get better at this...But I have to tough it out.” Dweck found that most students start out pretty interested in a subject. Yet over the semester, something happens. Students with the fixed mindset may stay interested only when they do well right away. Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment. If it isn’t a testimony (证明) to their intelligence, they can’t enjoy it. In contrast, students with the growth mindset are able to continue to show the same high level of enjoyment even when they find the work very difficult. Difficulty and interest go hand in hand. If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying, don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are. Instead, think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow. 8. Which of the following might students with fixed mindsets believe? A. They are not interested in math. B. Their abilities are not valued. C. Their mindset determines their ability. D. Failure is caused by their intelligence. 9. What does the underlined phrase “tough it out” mean in paragraph 2? A. Stick to it. B. Get away from it. C. Give in to it. D. Refer to it. 10. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Students who are able to deal with difficult problems do better in their studies. B. Students who find it hard to fix problems lose their interest in their studies. C. Students mindsets play a huge role in how interested they are in their studies. D. Students’ interests have a big effect on how well they perform in their studies. 11. What may the author suggest learners doing to make studying fun? A. Choosing an active and positive mindset. B. Regarding learning as a test of intelligence. C. Paying little attention to the task difficulty. D. Looking for a strong inspiration to succeed. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于成长型思维的新的研究情况：学生的心态很大程度上影响他们的学习兴趣，学习者应该选择主动并积极向上的心态来让学习变得有趣。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“Those with fixed mindsets believe that intelligence and talent are set in stone. For example, if they find a certain math problem difficult, they’d think, “I guess I’m just not a math person.” (那些心态固定的人认为智力和才能是一成不变的。例如，如果他们发现某个数学问题很难，他们会想，“我想我就是不擅长数学。”)”可知，有固定心态的学生可能认为失败是由于他们的智力水平有限。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段的“In contrast, students with growth mindsets are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives. If they come across a difficult problem, they will think, “I can get better at this. (相比之下，拥有成长心态的学生确信他们可以在生活的各个方面改变和成长。如果他们遇到一个难题，他们会想：“我可以做得更好”。)”可知，拥有成长心态的学生相信自己可以做得更好，面对难题会坚持不放弃。A. Stick to it.坚持它；B. Get away from it. 远离它；C. Give in to it. 向它屈服；D. Refer to it.参考它。结合选项可知，A选项可以解释划线短语。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Dweck found that most students start out pretty interested in a subject. Yet over the semester, something happens. Students with the fixed mindset may stay interested only when they do well right away. Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment. If it isn’t a testimony to their intelligence, they can’t enjoy it. In contrast, students with the growth mindset are able to continue to show the same high level of enjoyment even when they find the work very difficult. (拥有固定心态的学生可能只有当他们马上做得很好时才会保持兴趣。那些觉得很难的人，他们的兴趣和乐趣可能会大大下降。如果不能证明他们的智商，他们就不会喜欢这个科目。相比之下，拥有成长型心态的学生即使发现任务非常困难，也能继续表现出同样高水平的乐趣。)”可知，学生的心态很大程度上影响他们的学习兴趣，即心态对他们的学习兴趣起着很大的作用。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying, don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are. Instead, think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow. (如果你想成功并享受你的学习，不要认为你的课程是一系列的测试，显示你有多聪明或不聪明。相反，把它们看作是不断学习和成长的机会。)”可知，作者建议学习者选择主动并积极向上的心态来让学习变得有趣。故选A。 D Each year, the discovery of new shark species underlines how little we know about ocean biodiversity. In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. These extremely small fossils provide a rich record of ancient oceanic sharks and their abundance for thousands of years. By studying fossils from many regions, the diversity patterns can give major insights into evolution (进化) of the open sea that would be otherwise unknown. Sibert and Rubin quantified(量化)a past extinction of sharks, reporting a 90% decline in number and >70% drop in diversity. They found that nearer-shore sharks appear to survive, but migratory ones go extinct. The finding of this study is that sharks had undergone a widespread extinction that reorganized their communities from 16 million to 20 million years ago. Sibert and Rubin narrowed the disappearance of sharks to a window of time under 100,000 years around 19 million years ago, but the causes of this event remain unclear. Because this time period does not stand out as a period of major climatic change, the authors do not attribute(归因于) environmental factors as an extinction driver. As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. The loss of sharks from the oceans has profound complex, and unavoidable ecological consequences because their presence reflects the stability of marine ecosystems. Yet, one-quarter of the global diversity of sharks is currently threatened with extinction. Despite recent improvements in conservation actions, shark communities never recovered from a mysterious extinction event 19 million years ago; the ecological fate of what remains is now in our hands. 12. What did Sibert and Rubin find? A. The negative impact of the extinction of sharks. B. The mysterious reasons behind the disappearance of sharks. C. The most recent advances in the study of the largest ecosystem. D. The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago. 13. How did Sibert and Rubin conduct their study? A. By collecting and analyzing shark fossils worldwide. B. By quantifying the movement of near-shore sharks. C. By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks. D. By keeping track of ancient oceanic sharks and their activities. 14. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true? A. Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity. B. The number of sharks has recovered to its previous level. C. Scientist have figured out the exact causes of sharks’ extinction. D. Sharks had undergone a widespread extinction due to the climate change. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Sharks: The Stories behind Them B. Sharks: The Marine Masters C. Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood? D. Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. (在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝)”可知，西伯特和鲁宾发现大约1900万年前，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。因此，西伯特和鲁宾发现了大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降，D项“The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago. (大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降)”符合题意。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. (西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了一种利用鲨鱼皮和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小硬块的系统，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底)”可知，西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了利用了鲨鱼皮肤和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小、坚硬的碎片，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底，因此， C项“By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks. (通过使用一种系统来研究鲨鱼自然掉落的碎片)”是西伯特和鲁宾进行他们的研究的方式，C项符合题意。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. (至于其他原因，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关。)”可知，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关，因此， A项“Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity. (过度捕捞是鲨鱼多样性丧失的部分原因)”是正确的陈述，A项符合题意。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. (在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。他们的发现表明，过去公海上的一些物种灭绝可能是神秘的。)”可知，本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。因此，本文最好的标题是D项“Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction (鲨鱼:神秘的灭绝)”符合题意。故选D项。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Climate change(气候变化)influences people in many ways. Extreme weather and sea-level rise can destroy homes. People can suffer physical harm from the effects of rising greenhouse gases. ___16___. And children and teens are especially at risk of suffering from such mental(精神上的)problems, according to a new I report. “The brains of children and teens are still growing and developing,” says Lise Van Susteren. She is an expert on the mental-health effects of climate change. Those growing brains make young people especially easily influenced by climate change. For example, many kids worry that the influences of climate change are expected to only worsen. ___17___ Not every young person will have these feelings. But for many, the feelings can get in the way of their normal life. Luckily, there are things the young can do to deal with bad feelings. For example, Van Susteren advises, “ ___18___ These are people who can help you let these feelings out.” Susie Burke is an expert providing mental health care in Melbourne, Australia. ___19___ Playing outside can help children keep calm. It can also improve someone’s ability to pay full attention to things. ___20___ For example,14-year-old Milou Albrecht is an activist(积极分子). Since last year, she has been one of the members of Australia’s energy-saving programs. Milou says doing something to stop climate change helps her relax to some degree. A. Talk with your friends or families. B. She encourages students to get out in nature. C. No part of the world has been left untouched. D. The most important thing is to have a sense of hope. E. It’s also a great way to take action to protect the environment. F. But climate change can also be bad for people’s mental health. G. This can cause feelings of sadness fear, worry and nervousness. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。说明气候变化可能会对儿童和青少年在精神上产生负面影响，同时本文提供了几条处理这种负面情绪的方法。 【16题详解】 上文“People can suffer physical harm from the effects of rising greenhouse gases.（人们可能会因温室气体上升的影响而遭受身体伤害。）”可知上文提到了气候变化对人们身体上的伤害；下文“And children and teens are especially at risk of suffering from such mental(精神上的)problems, according to a new I report.（根据我的一份新报告，儿童和青少年尤其容易患上这种精神上的问题。）”可知下文提到了精神上的问题，可推知，空处应该会提到气候变化会对人类的精神健康造成负面影响；故选F项。 【17题详解】 上文“For example, many kids worry that the influences of climate change are expected to only worsen.（例如，许多孩子担心气候变化的影响只会恶化。）”可知许多孩子表明了他们的担忧；下文“Not every young person will have these feelings. But for many, the feelings can get in the way of their normal life.”（不是每个年轻人都会有这些感觉。但对许多人来说，这些感觉会妨碍他们的正常生活。）可知此处会提到妨碍他们的生活的消极感觉；G项“This can cause feelings of sadness, fear, worry and nervousness（这会导致悲伤、恐惧、担心和紧张的感觉）”描述的正是这种妨碍他们生活的消极的感觉。故选G项。 【18题详解】 上文“Luckily, there are things the young can do to deal with bad feelings. For example, Van Susteren advises（例如，Van Susteren 建议，幸运的是，年轻人可以做一些事情来应对不良情绪。）”可知本段开头提出了建议；下文“These are people who can help you let these feelings out（这些人可以帮助你释放这些情绪）”可知下文提到了一些能帮助你释放情绪的人；A项“Talk with your friends or families（与您的朋友或家人交谈）”正是承接了上文给出的建议，同时与下文所说的这些能帮助你释放情绪的人相吻合。故选A项。 【19题详解】 下文“Playing outside can help children keep calm. It can also improve someone’s ability to pay full attention to things.（在户外玩耍可以帮助孩子保持冷静。它还可以提高一个人全神贯注的能力）”可知下文在讲述孩子们走进大自然的好处，可推知空处给出的建议是鼓励青少年走进大自然。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“Playing outside can help children keep calm. It can also improve someone’s ability to pay full attention to things.（在户外玩耍可以帮助孩子保持冷静。它还可以提高一个人全神贯注的能力）”可知户外玩耍可以对处理文章前面所说的气候变化导致的负面情况有帮助；下文“For example,14-year-old Milou Albrecht is an activist(积极分子). Since last year, she has been one of the members of Australia’s energy-saving programs. Milou says doing something to stop climate change helps her relax to some degree.”（例如，14岁的Milou Albrecht是积极分子。自去年以来，她一直是澳大利亚节能计划的成员之一。Milou说，做一些事情来阻止气候变化有助于她在一定程度上放松。）可知下文提到了做一些事情来阻止气候变化，即采取行动保护环境；选项E“It’s also a great way to take action to protect the environment.（这也是采取行动保护环境的好方法。）”承接了上文所说的“Playing outside”，表示这也是采取行动保护环境的好方法，随后引出了下文提出的采取行动保护环境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Dressed up as Captain America for parades sometimes, Timothy White could have saved the day with his shield (盾牌) if he were the superhero. But in real life, when he saw ___21___this September afternoon, he wasn’t wearing his costume and couldn’t depend on superpowers. White was driving home in Harrisburg when he noticed something hard to ___22___. A truck on the opposite side of the street was moving from side to side uncontrollably and the driver appeared to be ___23___. Referred to as Captain Harrisburg, White had to stop that ___24___before accidents. Having made a U-turn, White faced the same ___25___ as the truck and tried to overtake. No luck with the heavy traffic. ___26___, Captain Harrisburg ran like crazy to catch up with the truck and leaped in through its open window. The man behind the ___27___, 64-year-old Todd DeAngelis, was barely awake and quite ___28___by a stranger near him. White took ___29___ of the stick shift and forced the truck to park. DeAngelis, a diabetic (糖尿病患者), said he was not well. White ____30____ down a police officer. An ambulance ____31____ DeAngelis to a hospital, where it was ____32____that had his blood sugar gone lower, things could have been much worse. After his ____33____, DeAngelis credited White with saving his life. White’s actions that day were not out of ____34____. He ran a nonprofit and he once tried to save people on fire. He was from playing a ____35____ to becoming one in real life. 21. A. work B. failure C. fun D. trouble 22. A. stop B. change C. miss D. forgive 23. A. bored B. asleep C. calm D. cheerful 24. A. vehicle B. survivor C. player D. trick 25. A. chance B. direction C. task D. danger 26. A. Speeding up B. Hurrying back C. Pulling over D. Rolling out 27. A. seat B. door C. window D. wheel 28. A. annoyed B. surprised C. inspired D. amused 29. A. hold B. care C. note D. delivery 30. A. knocked B. turned C. flagged D. set 31. A. rushed B. applied C. pointed D. dragged 32. A. determined B. discussed C. celebrated D. preferred 33. A. injury B. training C. recovery D. driving 34. A. question B. balance C. practice D. character 35. A. captain B. policeman C. doctor D. superhero 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Timothy White救助卡车司机的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在现实生活中，这个九月的下午，当他看到麻烦时，他没有穿着他的服装，也不能依靠超能力。A. work工作；B. failure失败；C. fun乐趣；D. trouble麻烦。根据下文“A truck on the opposite side of the street was moving from side to side uncontrollably and the driver appeared to be ___3___.”可知，此处讲述了White在生活中看到麻烦的事例。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：White在哈里斯堡开车回家的时候，他注意到一些难以忽视的东西。A. stop停止；B. change改变；C. miss思念，错过；D. forgive原谅。根据“he noticed something”以及下文对事情的描述可知，White注意到一件难以忽视的事情。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：街道对面的一辆卡车无法控制地左右移动，司机似乎睡着了。A. bored感到无聊的；B. asleep睡着的；C. calm镇静的；D. cheerful快乐的。根据“A truck on the opposite side of the street was moving from side to side uncontrollably”和“64-year-old Todd DeAngelis, was barely awake”可知，车辆不受控制，司机似乎是睡着了。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：White被称为哈里斯堡队长，他不得不在事故发生前停下那辆车。A. vehicle车辆；B. survivor幸存者；C. player运动员；D. trick诡计，戏法。根据上文“A truck on the opposite side of the street was moving from side to side uncontrollably”可知，上文提到一辆卡车无法控制地左右移动，此处指White要逼停那辆车，否则会发生危险。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：White做了一个U型转弯，面对着与卡车相同的方向，试图超车。A. chance机会；B. direction方向；C. task任务；D. danger危险。根据上文“A truck on the opposite side of the street”和本句中“Having made a U-turn”可知，卡车原本在相反的方向，White做了一个U型转弯后应是和卡车同向而行。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：哈里斯堡队长把车停在路边，疯狂地跑上卡车，从开着的窗户跳了进去。A. Speeding up加速；B. Hurrying back赶回去；C. Pulling over靠边停车；D. Rolling out展开。根据下文“Captain Harrisburg ran like crazy to catch up with the truck”可知，White把车停在路边，疯狂奔跑去追车。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：开车的是64岁的托德·迪安杰利斯(Todd DeAngelis)，当时他几乎还没有醒过来，被身边的一个陌生人吓了一跳。A. seat座位；B. door门；C. window窗户；D. wheel车轮，方向盘。根据空后“64-year-old Todd DeAngelis, was barely conscious”可知，此处是描述卡车司机的情况，behind the wheel开车，在驾驶，固定短语。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. annoyed生气，恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. inspired受到启发的；D. amused好笑的，逗乐的。根据空后“by a stranger near him”可知，开车时身边出现一个陌生人，司机应是惊讶。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：White握住变速杆，迫使卡车停了下来。A. hold拿，抓；B. care护理，照顾；C. note笔记，注释；D. delivery递送。根据“forced the truck to park”可知，White握住变速杆，迫使卡车停了下来，take hold of握住，控制住，固定短语。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：White拦住了一名警察。A. knocked敲；B. turned转向；C. flagged标示，变弱；D. set设置。根据上文“DeAngelis, a diabetic (糖尿病患者), said he was not well.(DeAngelis有糖尿病，他说自己不舒服)”可知，司机不舒服，White应是拦住了一名警察求助，flag down挥手拦下，固定短语。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆救护车将迪安吉利斯紧急送往医院，在那里，医生确定，如果他的血糖再低一些，情况可能会更糟。A. rushed冲；B. applied申请，应用；C. pointed指向；D. dragged拖，拽。根据语境及“where it was ___12___that had his blood sugar gone lower, things could have been much worse”可知，情况紧急，应是一辆救护车将DeAngelis紧急送往医院。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. determined决定，确定；B. discussed讨论；C. celebrated庆祝；D. preferred更喜欢。根据空后“had his blood sugar gone lower, things could have been much worse”可知，这是医生检查后确定的结论。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：康复后，迪安吉利斯称赞White救了他的命。A. injury损伤；B. training训练；C. recovery恢复；D. driving驾驶。上文提到DeAngelis被紧急送往医院，结合空后“DeAngelis credited White with saving his life”可知，DeAngelis应是康复后称赞White救了他的命。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：White那天的行为并不违背他的性格。A. question问题；B. balance平衡；C. practice练习；D. character性格。根据下文“He ran a nonprofit and he once tried to save people on fire.(他经营着一个非营利组织，他曾经试图拯救着火的人)”可知，White乐于助人，所以救DeAngelis这件事符合他的性格，out of character不符合……的性格/特点。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从扮演超级英雄变成了现实生活中的超级英雄。A. captain船长，队长；B. policeman警察；C. doctor医生；D. superhero超级英雄。根据文章内容，结合文章首句“Dressed up as Captain America for parades occasionally, Timothy White could have saved the day with his shield (盾牌) if he were the superhero.(Timothy White偶尔会打扮成美国队长参加游行，如果他是超级英雄，他可以用他的盾牌拯救世界)”可知，Timothy White偶尔扮成超级英雄，此处指他从扮演超级英雄变成了现实生活中的超级英雄。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Among natural disasters, like tornados, droughts, landslides, tsunamis, floods, typhoons, hurricanes and volcanic eruptions, which often cause terrible damage and a lot of deaths, earthquakes tend to be the most ____36____ (destroy). The earthquake that ____37____ (strike) Tangshan on 18 July 1976, nearly put the city in ruins. People were shocked ____38____ (find) the walls cracked, the railway tracks became useless pieces of mental, and over 75 percent of the buildings fell down, ____39____ (cover) the ground with broken bricks. People who ____40____ (trap) or buried tapped on pipes or whistled for help. Before long, rescue teams spared no effort to dig ____41____ (they) out, and the ____42____ (survive) were settled in shelters that were put up in an open air, ____43____ electricity and fresh water could be supplied. ____44____ (slow), the city began to breathe and revive itself. With strong support from the government and the ______45______ (tired) efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 【答案】36. destructive 37. struck 38. to find 39. covering 40. were trapped 41. them 42. survivors 43. where 44. Slowly 45. tireless 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1976年爆发的唐山大地震。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在自然灾害中，如龙卷风、干旱、山体滑坡、海啸、洪水、台风、飓风和火山爆发，这些灾害经常造成可怕的破坏和大量的死亡，地震往往是最具破坏性的。根据上文the most以及be动词，可知用形容词destructive，作表语。故填destructive。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：1976年7月18日发生在唐山的地震几乎把这座城市夷为平地。根据后文on 18 July 1976可知为一般过去时。故填struck。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们震惊地发现，墙壁裂开了，铁轨变成了无用的碎片，超过75%的建筑物倒塌了，地上铺满了碎砖。此处为短语be shocked to do sth.表示“震惊于……”。故填to find。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们震惊地发现，墙壁裂开了，铁轨变成了无用的碎片，超过75%的建筑物倒塌了，地上铺满了碎砖。空处需填非谓语动词，此处cover与上文构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填covering。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：被困或被埋的人敲打管道或吹口哨求救。定语从句修饰先行词People，在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were trapped。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：没过多久，救援队就不遗余力地把他们挖出来，幸存者被安置在露天搭建的庇护所里，那里有电力和淡水供应。空处作宾语，用宾格形式them。故填them。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：没过多久，救援队就不遗余力地把他们挖出来，幸存者被安置在露天搭建的庇护所里，那里有电力和淡水供应。空处作主语，表示“幸存者”应用名词survivor，根据后文were可知为复数。故填survivors。 43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：没过多久，救援队就不遗余力地把他们挖出来，幸存者被安置在露天搭建的庇护所里，那里有电力和淡水供应。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shelters，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：慢慢地，这座城市开始恢复活力。修饰后文句子用副词slowly，首字母大写。故填Slowly。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建立起来了。修饰名词efforts，表示“不懈的”用形容词tireless。故填tireless。 第四部分（10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 用方框中英语单词或词组的适当形式完成句子，其中有三项为多余选项。 organize, sweep away, bury, request, be responsible for, cut... out, attract, blow...away, survive, injure, come out of, expect, dig 46. Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths ________ to grow even higher over the next few days. 47. One of the best players had ________, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. 48. I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to ________ a lot more. 49. At least one well had some smelly gas ________ it. 50. No one in modern times knew about the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they ________ a well. 51. Foreign aid is ________ for the tsunami-hit countries. 52. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could ________. 53. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars were ________ by huge waves. 54. It’s not unusual for teenagers of your generation to ________ to computer games. 55. The army sent many soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were stuck and ________ the dead. 【答案】46. is expected 47. been injured 48. being responsible for 49. coming out of 50. were digging 51. being organized 52. blow them away 53. swept away 54. be attracted 55. to bury 【解析】 【46题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：仍有数千人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数将继续增加。这里指的是预计未来几天死亡人数还会上升，本空用动词expect“预计”，根据空前的are可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the number of deaths为第三人称单数，与动词expect为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，“the number of +可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填is expected。 【47题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：其中一名最棒的运动员受伤了，而队长也因心脏病问题而不得不离队。这里指的是运动员受伤，空处应用动词injure“损害，伤害”，且与主语One of the best players为被动关系，用be injured表被动，根据空前的had可知，本空用been injured，与had构成过去完成时的被动语态。故填been injured。 【48题详解】 考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：作为高中生，我必须更加努力学习，并习惯承担更多责任。这里指的是习惯承担更多责任，空处应用动词短语be responsible for“对……负责”，get used to doing sth.“习惯做某事”，此处应用动名词短语being responsible for，作宾语。故填being responsible for。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语、非谓语动词。句意：至少有一口井冒出了难闻的气体。这里指难闻的气体从井中冒出，因此使用come out of“出来”。本句谓语为had，此处为非谓语动词，且gas与come out of为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填coming out of。 【50题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了兵马俑墓，现代人才知道这些陶俑雕像。这里描述的是农民们正在挖井的动作，因此使用dig“挖”，描述过去正在发生的动作，while引导的时间状语从句时态用过去进行时，从句主语为they，be动词用were。故填were digging。 【51题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：正在为海啸受灾国组织外国援助。这里指的是组织援助行动，因此使用动词organize“组织”，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，时态用现在进行时，且主语Foreign aid与organize为被动关系，句子用现在进行时的被动语态。故填being organized。 【52题详解】 考查固定短语、情态动词。句意：砖头像红色的秋叶一样覆盖着地面，但没有风能将它们吹走。这里指没有风能将它们吹走，用动词短语blow...away“吹走”，位于情态动词could后，动词用原形。表示“它们”用them，指代空前的Bricks，作宾语。故填blow them away。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和汽车都被巨大海浪卷走了。这里指的是被海浪带走，因此使用sweep away“清除，一扫而空”，与主语Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填swept away。 【54题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于你们这一代青少年来说，沉迷于电脑游戏并不罕见。这里指的是被吸引或沉迷于某事物，因此使用attract“吸引”，与teenagers of your generation为被动关系，用be attracted表被动，位于不定式符号to后，be用原形。故填be attracted。 【55题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：军队派出了许多士兵到唐山挖掘被困人员并埋葬死者。这里指的是士兵们埋葬死者，因此使用bury“埋葬”。本句谓语为sent，此处为非谓语动词，应用不定式形式，作目的状语，与to dig out并列。故填to bury。 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分） 56. 请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，激发同学们的运动热情，内容包括： 1．介绍这项运动：2．说明推荐理由：3．温馨提示。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Stand up and Exercise, Everybody! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】     Stand Up and Exercise, Everybody! Regular exercise is part of a healthy life. It’s my honor to recommend long-distance running to you, which has a lot of benefits. Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases. Like any exercise, it increases the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain. At the same time, it’s good for your eyes after a whole day of study. It also strengthens your immune system and reduces the risk of health problems. What’s more, if you feel down, going for a run can cheer yourself up. If you’re new to running, here are some tips for you — a pair of good running shoes is necessary. It’s important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是应用文。请考生为校英文报“Sports and Health”栏目写一篇文章投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，旨在激发同学们的运动热情。其内容包括：介绍这项运动、说明推荐理由和温馨提示。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→assist 同时：at the same time→meanwhile 减少：reduce→lessen 重要的：important→significant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： It’s important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running. 拓展句： It’s important that you (should) warm up and cool down properly before and after running. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s my honor to recommend long-distance running to you, which has a lot of benefits.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】What’s more, if you feel down, going for a run can cheer yourself up.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 听力1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. A 18. C 20. C 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$