专题14 常考课标词汇检测小卷（人教版2019选择性必修三）-2025年高考英语词汇&语法限时检测小卷

专题14常考课标词汇检测小卷（选择性必修三） （满分120分）（时间60分钟） 一、单词拼写（共 50个小题，每题1分） 1．He earned himself a good (声誉) for his great contributions. 【答案】reputation 【详解】考查名词。句意：他为自己的巨大贡献赢得了良好的声誉。形容词good后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。名词“名誉”英文为reputation。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填reputation。 2．The headmaster’s work has received the students’ (认可). 【答案】recognition 【详解】考查名词。句意：校长的工作得到了学生们的肯定。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“认可”应为recognition，且为不可数名词。故填recognition。 3．There were some extraordinarily (逼真的， 栩栩如生的) paintings of Europe on display. 【答案】realistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有一些非常逼真的欧洲绘画作品在展出。根据汉语提示和空后的paintings of Europe可知，这里应用形容词realistic，作定语。故填realistic。 4．I repeatedly read the text and finally absorbed the precise meaning it (传达). 【答案】conveyed 【详解】考查动词。句意：我反复阅读课文，终于领会了它所传达的准确意思。此处应填动词，根据词义“传达”可知，为convey，句子描述的是“过去”的事情，动词使用一般过去时，故填conveyed。 5．He (精确地) informs me of what is realism. 【答案】precisely 【详解】考查副词。句意：他确切地告诉我什么是现实主义。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语。根据汉语提示，表示“精确地”用precisely。故填precisely。 6．One of my clients decided to live in Beijing on a (永久的) basis. 【答案】permanent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的一个客户决定在北京永久居住。根据词义“永久的”可知，应填形容词permanent作定语，故填permanent。 7．The Chinese people tend to make a lot of (购买，采购) before the Spring Festival. 【答案】purchases 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国人倾向于在春节前大量购物。根据汉语提示“购买，采购”可知，此处使用名词purchase，make a purchase“采购”，根据空前的a lot of可知，用复数purchases，作make的宾语。故填purchases。 8．You should not rest your argument upon (主观的) and groundless conclusion. 【答案】subjective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你不应该把你的论点建立在主观和毫无根据的结论上。根据汉语提示“主观的”可知，此处使用形容词subjective，作定语，修饰conclusion。故填subjective。 9．Color perception is very (主观的), as different people have different ideas about colors. 【答案】subjective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：颜色感知是非常主观的，因为不同的人对颜色有不同的看法。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词subjective“主观的”，在句中作表语。故填subjective。 10．China’s national (国民的) servant exam attracts a large number of candidates each year. 【答案】civil 【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国的国家公务员考试每年都会吸引大量的考生。名词servant exam前用形容词修饰。形容词“国民的”英文为civil。根据汉语提示及句意，故填civil。 11．Eventually I got annoyed because he always wanted to (支配) everything in my life. 【答案】dominate 【详解】考查动词。句意：最后我生气了，因为他总是想控制我生活中的一切。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词dominate，want to do sth.“想要做某事”，空前有不定式符号to，应用动词原形。故填dominate。 12．Everyone should keep the (纪律) and you are no exception. 【答案】discipline 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都应该遵守纪律，你也不例外。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“纪律”应用discipline，表抽象意义，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填discipline。 13．They are looking for (充满活力的) persons to be salesmen. 【答案】dynamic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们正在寻找有活力的人来当推销员。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词dynamic，作定语修饰名词person。故填dynamic。 14．She tiptoed the room quietly so as not to (打扰) the sleeping baby. 【答案】disturb 【详解】考查动词。句意：她悄悄地踮着脚尖在房间里走，以免打扰正在睡觉的婴儿。根据汉语提示“打扰”可知，此处使用动词disturb，结合so as not to可知，应用动词原形disturb构成不定式作目的状语。故填disturb。 15．This report has been (审查) and approved by the leadership. 【答案】examined 【详解】考查动词。句意：本报告经领导审批。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词examine“审查”，在句中作谓语动词。根据has been可知，本句话为现在完成时态的被动语态，所以空处填过去分词。故填examined。 16．All her efforts to keep him on the straight and narrow have been (回报). 【答案】rewarded 【详解】考查动词。句意：她为使他保持正直所做的一切努力都得到了回报。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词reward“回报”，在句中作谓语。根据空前的have been以及语境可知，本句话为现在完成时态的被动语态，所以空处需要该动词的过去分词。故填rewarded。 17．Our creative thinking does not differ that much in (回应) to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. 【答案】response 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的创造性思维对完全安静和85分贝的背景噪音的反应并没有太大的不同。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，表示“回应”用in response to。故填response。 18．The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to (分辨) one from the other. 【答案】distinguish 【详解】考查动词。句意：这对双胞胎长得如此相像，简直无法辨别。根据汉语意思“分辨”可知应填动词distinguish，且上文为短语 it be impossible to do sth.，表示“做某事不可能”，上文已有to，故应填动词原形构成不定式，而不定式在从句中作真正的主语，It是形式主语。故填distinguish。 19．In my opinion, Internet voting has begun to show its (消极的)impacts on people and society. 【答案】negative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在我看来，网络投票已经开始显示其对人和社会的负面影响。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词negative“负面的，消极的”作定语修饰impacts，满足句意要求。故填negative。 20．Compared with Chinese youngsters, youths in developed countries are more (悲观的). 【答案】pessimistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与中国青年相比，发达国家的青年更加悲观。“悲观的”为形容词pessimistic，与more构成比较级，作表语，故填pessimistic。 21．The concert will be (播送) live online. 【答案】broadcast 【详解】考查动词。句意：音乐会将在网上进行现场直播。动词“播送”英文为broadcast，与主语The concert之间为被动关系，所以be动词后接动词过去分词形式。故填broadcast。 22．The (政策) has greatly stimulated enthusiasm for work. 【答案】policy 【详解】考查名词。句意：这项政策极大地激发了人们的工作热情。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词policy，作主语，结合has可知，应用名词单数形式。故填policy。 23．Neither the current TV shows nor the fashion (趋势) is familiar to the dentist. 【答案】trend 【详解】考查名词。句意：牙医既不熟悉当前的电视节目，也不熟悉时尚潮流。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词trend，作主语，根据be动词is可知，应用名词单数形式。故填trend。 24．Ballet, one of the most (最全面的) dance systems, appeals to my consultant. 【答案】comprehensive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：芭蕾是最全面的舞蹈体系之一，我的顾问很感兴趣。“最全面的”应用形容词comprehensive，和the most构成形容词最高级，作修饰dance systems的定语。故填comprehensive。 25．We should adopt new and (可持续的) ways of feeding farm animals straight away. 【答案】sustainable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们应该立即采用新的和可持续的方式来喂养农场动物。“可持续的”应用形容词sustainable，作修饰ways的定语，表示“可持续的方式”。故填sustainable。 26．How to ensure the nation’s sustainable development is on the (议事日程). 【答案】agenda 【详解】考查名词。句意：如何确保国家的可持续发展已提上议事日程。“议事日程”应用名词agenda，作on的宾语，固定短语on the agenda意为“在议程上”，指某个议题或事项已经被列入会议或讨论的议程中。故填agenda。 27．As to your skateboard, regular safety (检查) can not be ignored. 【答案】inspection 【详解】考查名词。句意：至于你的滑板，定期安全检查是不容忽视的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词inspection，作主语，为不可数名词。故填inspection。 28．A new garbage (处理) system needs implementing. 【答案】disposal 【详解】考查名词。句意：需要实施一种新的垃圾处理系统。空处作修饰system的定语，“处理”应用名词disposal，garbage disposal system表示“垃圾处理系统”。故填disposal。 29．As far as I am concerned, teenagers need more (规章制度) and discipline. 【答案】regulations 【详解】考查名词。句意：在我看来，青少年需要更多的规定和纪律。“规章制度”应用名词regulation，作need的宾语，结合空前的“more”可知，可数名词regulation应用复数形式。故填regulations。 30．She is so dynamic a woman that she has of (许多) admirers. 【答案】dozens 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她是一个充满活力的女人，她有许多崇拜者。dozens of为固定短语，表示“许多”，故填dozens。 31．Last week, the teacher (布置) an essay about environmental protection to them. 【答案】assigned 【详解】考查动词。句意：上周，老师布置了一篇关于环境保护的作文给他们。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“布置”应为assign，根据时间状语last week可知，此处应为一般过去时，且与主语the teacher之间为主动关系，所以谓语动词应为assigned。故填assigned。 32．I shouldn’t have been so (自私的) and not willing to contribute the money to my household. 【答案】selfish 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不应该那么自私，不愿意把钱贡献给我的家庭。根据汉语提示“自私的”可知，此处使用形容selfish，作表语。故填selfish。 33．There is a famous saying based on Chinese philosophy: “ (味苦的) pills may have blessed effects.” 【答案】Bitter 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有一句基于中国哲学的名言：“良药苦口”。根据汉语提示“味苦的”可知，此处使用形容词bitter，作定语，修饰名词pills，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Bitter。 34．Learning that I failed in the exam, my heart (下沉). 【答案】sank 【详解】考查动词。句意：得知考试失败的消息，我的心沉了下去。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词sink“下沉”，在句中作谓语动词。根据前文中的failed可知，本句话陈述的是过去的事实，所以句子用一般过去时态。sink的过去式是sank。故填sank。 35．The plane crashed, killing one of the (全体工作人员) and four passengers. 【答案】crew 【详解】考查名词。句意：飞机坠毁，造成一名机组人员和四名乘客死亡。根据汉语提示“全体工作人员”可知，此处使用名词crew，作of的宾语。故填crew。 36．He wants to improve his spoken English under the (指导) of a British teacher. 【答案】guidance 【详解】考查名词。句意：他想在一位英国老师的指导下提高他的英语口语。表示“指导”用guidance，此处作under的宾语，不可数名词。故填guidance。 37．They’ve paid 6 months’ rent in advance for a 2-room apartment and will give it a (彻底的) cleaning before moving in. 【答案】thorough 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们已经提前支付了6个月的租金，租了一套两居室的公寓，并将在入住前对其进行彻底清洁。根据空格汉语提示“彻底的”，该空填形容词thorough，作定语修饰名词cleaning。故填thorough。 38．The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being (抛弃，放弃) to the care of strangers. 【答案】abandoned 【详解】考查动词。句意：这项研究表明，老年人对被被抛弃给陌生人照顾深感恐惧。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词abandon，the elderly与abandon之间存在被动关系，应使用动名词的被动语态。故填abandoned。 39．We will buy some (家具) for our new house. 【答案】furniture 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们将为我们的新房子买一些家具。“家具”为名词furniture作宾语，为不可数名词，故填furniture。 40．An eager beaver refers to someone who is extremely (热衷的) and enjoys working extremely hard. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：“An eager beaver”指的是一个非常热情，喜欢非常努力工作的人。根据汉语提示“热衷的”及前文系动词is可知，此处可用形容词enthusiastic作表语。故填enthusiastic。 41．Thomson is a loyal and (有同情心的) man. 【答案】sympathetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆森是个忠诚而富有同情心的人。根据汉语提示可知，空格处应该用形容词sympathetic作定语，修饰后面的名词man。故填sympathetic。 42．The three men were assigned different jobs according to their (各自的)abilities. 【答案】respective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这三个人根据各自的能力被分配了不同的工作。该空需要一个形容词作定语，根据汉语提示“各自的”可知，形容词respective符合题意。故填respective。 43．Hundreds of delicate butterflies are flying in the (花朵). 【答案】blossoms 【详解】考查名词。句意：成百上千只精致的蝴蝶在花丛中飞舞。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词blossom“花朵”。根据句意可知，此处不止一朵花，是花丛，所以该名词需要复数形式。故填blossoms。 44．Her (文学的) career started in 1938 with a drama. 【答案】literary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她的文学生涯始于1938年的一部戏剧。根据汉语提示“文学的”可知，此处为形容词literary，作定语，修饰名词career。故填literary。 45．I wonder whether this dictionary is available in an electronic （版本）.   【答案】version 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想知道这本词典是否有电子版。该空需要一个名词作介词in 的宾语，名词version意为“版本”符合题意。故填version。 46．They accurately reflect the changes of natural (规律) and play an extremely important role in people’s daily life. 【答案】rhythms 【详解】考查名词。句意：它们准确地反映了自然规律的变化，在人们的日常生活中起着极其重要的作用。此处应填名词作宾语，需要的词义为“规律”，即rhythm，它是可数名词，前面没有表示单数意义的限定词，则它需要变复数，故填rhythms。 47．The first, second and third prizes went to James, Lytton and Tom (分别地). 【答案】respectively 【详解】考查副词。句意：James、Lytton和Tom分别获得了一、二、三等奖。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用副词respectively“分别地”，在句中作状语，故填respectively。 48．The American Congress (类似于) to the British Parliament (议会). 【答案】corresponds 【详解】考查动词。句意：美国国会与英国议会类似。结合“to”可知，“类似于”应用动词correspond，动词短语correspond to表示“匹配、相似或相等”，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The American Congress，谓语用三单形式。故填corresponds。 49．A childlike (天真无邪) shone out of his handsome eyes. 【答案】innocence 【详解】考查名词。句意：一束孩童般天真无邪的光从他那双俊秀的眼睛里闪耀出来。结合空前的冠词和形容词可知，此处应填名词形式，innocence“天真，纯真”在句中作主语。故填innocence。 50．Life is not always full of sunshine, so we should value everything beautiful that we (偶遇). 【答案】encounter 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：生活并不总是充满阳光，所以我们应该珍惜我们遇到的一切美好的东西。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为encounter。设空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为everything；根据上句“Life is not always full of sunshine(生活并不总是充满阳光)”可知，句子的时态为一般现在时，从句的主语为we，结合主谓一致。故填encounter。 二、选词填空（共 50个小题，每题1分） 从方框内10个短语中选择恰当的短语并用其正确形式填空。 appeal to    so long as    due to    try out    result in run out of    come about   even if   in particular   at risk 51． lack of support, his suggestion of raising a pet at home was denied by the family. 52．She doesn’t know how to save money, so she money at the end of each month. 53．Nowadays western culture doesn’t China’s young people easily. 54．Your whole future is if you don’t stop your addiction to the cellphone. 55．Everyone wanted to know how the fight yesterday. 56． you get your homework finished and handed in on time, I won’t blame you as before. 57．Mistakes in theory will failures in practice. 58．We teenagers should try out everything it turns out to be nothing. 59．The whole meal was good and the wine was excellent. 60．Come on! I really want you to this new product. 【答案】 51．Due to 52．runs out of 53．appeal to 54．at risk 55．came about 56．So long as 57．result in 58．even if 59．in particular 60．try out 【解析】51．考查固定短语。句意：由于缺乏支持，他在家里养宠物的建议被那家人拒绝了。根据“lack of support”以及句意“由于”可知应填due to，首字母大写。故填Due to。 52．考查固定短语。句意：她不知道如何省钱，所以每个月底她的钱就花光了。根据“She doesn’t know how to save money”以及句意“花光”可知应填run out of，根据上文doesn’t可知为一般现在时，主语为she，谓语用三单形式。故填runs out of。 53．考查固定短语。句意：如今，西方文化已经不容易吸引中国的年轻人了。根据“China’s young people”以及句意“吸引”可知应填appeal to，此处为否定陈述句，应填原形。故填appeal to。 54．考查固定短语。句意：如果你不停止对手机的沉迷，你的整个未来都将处于危险之中。根据“if you don’t stop your addiction to the cellphone”以及句意“处于危险之中”可知应填at risk，故填at risk。 55．考查固定短语。句意：每个人都想知道昨天打架是怎么发生的。根据“Everyone wanted to know how the fight”以及句意“发生”可知应填come about，根据yesterday可知为一般过去时。故填came about。 56．考查固定短语。句意：只要你按时完成作业交上来，我就不像以前那样怪你了。根据“you get your homework finished and handed in on time”以及句意“只要”可知应填so long as，引导条件状语从句，首字母大写，故填So long as。 57．考查固定短语。句意：理论上的错误会导致实践上的失败。根据“failures in practice”以及句意“导致”可知应填result in，根据will可知为一般将来时。故填result in。 58．考查固定短语。句意：我们青少年应该尝试一切，即使结果是什么都没有。根据“it turns out to be nothing”以及句意“即使”可知应填even if，引导让步状语从句，故填even if。 59．考查固定短语。句意：整顿饭都很好，尤其是酒。根据“the wine”以及句意“尤其”可知应填in particular，故填in particular。 60．考查固定短语。句意：来吧！我真的想让你试试这个新产品。根据“this new product”以及句意“试试”可知应填try out，上文为短语want sb. to do sth.。故填try out。 sort out; carry on; hang over; consist of; be packed with; contrary to; make one’s bed come to oneself; declare war on; open up; be combined with; in response to 61．As there is only one public bathroom in the small county town, it is always people in the winter. 62．She didn’t waste time feeling sorry for herself—she just picked herself up and ． 63．It helps to discuss your problems with someone but I find it hard to ． 64． what many people believe today, fairy tales were originally intended for adults, not for children. 65．A phrasal verb refers to a verb an adverb or a preposition, or sometimes both, to give a new meaning. 66．In September 1939, Britain Germany after Germany invaded Poland. 67．The robbers knocked him unconscious, and when he ， he was lying alone in the dark. 68． gradual climatic changes, some species have shifted their ranges hundreds of kilometers away. 69．A molecule of water two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. 70．We’re in a state of complete chaos here and I need a little time to everything. 【答案】 61．packed with 62．carried on 63．open up 64．Contrary to 65．combined with 66．declared war on 67．came to himself 68．In response to 69．consists of 70．sort out 【解析】61．考查动词短语和时态。句意：由于这个小县城只有一个公共厕所，冬天里总是挤满了人。设空处为句子的谓语，根据上句“As there is only one public bathroom in the small county town(由于这个小县城只有一个公共厕所)”可知，冬天里总是挤满了人，be packed with“挤满；塞满”合乎题意，空前为is，故填packed with。 62．考查动词短语和时态。句意：她没有浪费时间为自己感到难过——她只是振作起来，继续前进。设空处和and前的picked并列为句子的谓语，发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，carry on“继续做”合乎题意。故填carried on。 63．考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：和别人讨论你的问题会有所帮助，但我发现很难敞开心扉。分析句子的结构可知，该句为find +it + adj. + to do的形式，空前为to，设空处应为动词原形，but表示转折，可知，我发现很难敞开心扉；open up“敞开心扉”合乎题意。故填open up。 64．考查固定短语。句意：与许多人今天所相信的相反，童话最初是给成年人看的，而不是给孩子看的。根据后句“fairy tales were originally intended for adults, not for children (童话最初是给成年人看的，而不是给孩子看的)”可知，这是与我们所相信的是相反的。contrary to“相反”合乎题意，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Contrary to。 65．考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：动词短语是指动词与副词或介词结合，有时两者结合，以赋予新的含义。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语verb之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语，combined with“与……结合/组合”合乎题意。故填combined with。 66．考查动词短语和时态。句意：1939年9月，德国入侵波兰后，英国向德国宣战。设空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语In September 1939，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，根据“after Germany invaded Poland (德国入侵波兰后)”可知，英国向德国宣战，declare war on“向……宣战”合乎题意。故填declared war on。 67．考查动词短语和时态。句意：强盗们把他打昏了，当他醒过来时，他独自躺在黑暗中。设空处为when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语，叙述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，根据上句“The robbers knocked him unconscious (强盗们把他打昏了)”可知，他醒来时，独自躺在黑暗中。come to oneself“恢复意识”合乎题意。故填came to himself。 68．考查介词短语。句意：为了应对逐渐的气候变化，一些物种已经将它们的活动范围转移到数百公里之外。根据后句“some species have shifted their ranges hundreds of kilometers away. (一些物种已经将它们的活动范围转移到数百公里之外。)”可知，这是为了应对气候变化，in response to“作为回应”合乎题意，句首字母需大写。故填In response to。 69．考查动词短语和时态。句意：一个水分子由两个氢原子和一个氧原子组成。根据“two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen (两个氢原子和一个氧原子组成)”可知，两者构成水分子， consist of“组成”合乎题意；设空处为句子的谓语，叙述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为A molecule of water，结合主谓一致。故填consists of。 70．考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：我们现在处于完全混乱的状态，我需要一点时间来整理一切。设空处为句子的非谓语，应用动词不定式的形式表示目的，根据“We’re in a state of complete chaos here (我们现在处于完全混乱的状态)”可知，我需要一点时间来整理一切，sort out“找到（某事物）的答案或解决办法，整理”合乎题意。故填sort o in a flash    subscribe to    bounce...off     put...on the line    compose oneself swing into action    put one’s best foot forward     for the duration    be bound to     dawn on 71．I’ve been China Daily for several years, which is very helpful to my English study. 72．People want to be able to have instant access to books that promise to solve their problems . 73．As long as you work hard, you will achieve high grades in the exam. 74．It me that honesty is of vital importance. 75．A wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and other people’s jobs . 76．There would be an exam the next day. He tried to . 77．He ideas colleagues everywhere he went. 78．I would not allow my plain appearance to hold me back from . That evening, I began my election plans a whole year in advance. 79．We’re required to stay indoors of the rapid spread of COVID 19 virus. 80．In order to make his dream come true as soon as possible, he . 【答案】 71．subscribing to 72．in a flash 73．be bound to 74．dawns on 75． put on the line 76．compose himself 77． bounced off 78．putting my best foot forward 79．for the duration 80．swung into action 【解析】71．考查短语。句意：我已经订阅《中国日报》好几年了，它对我的英语学习很有帮助。短语subscribe to为“订阅”之意。主语I与subscribe to之间为主动关系，根据have been可知，用现在完成进行时。故填subscribing to。 72．考查短语。句意：人们希望能够立即获得那些承诺能在瞬间解决他们问题的书籍。短语in a flash为“迅速地”之意。故填in a flash。 73．考查短语。句意：只要你努力学习，你一定会在考试中取得高分。短语be bound to为“一定”之意。will后接动词原形。故填be bound to。 74．考查短语。句意：我渐渐明白诚实是至关重要的。短语dawn on为“开始理解；渐渐明白”之意。根据从句时态可知，用一般现在时。主语为it，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dawns on。 75．考查短语。句意：一个错误的决定可能会让公司付出巨大的代价，并让其他人的工作处于危险之中。短语put…on the line为“冒险”之意。情态动词might后接动词原形。故填①put；②on the line。 76．考查短语。句意：明天将有一场考试。他努力使自己镇静下来。短语compose oneself为“镇静”之意。try to so sth.“努力做某事”。故填compose himself。 77．考查短语。句意：所到之处，他都把他的想法拿出来跟同事们探讨一番。短语bounce off为“试探（某人对某一新设想和意见）”之意。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故填①bounced；②off。 78．考查短语。句意：我不会让自己平凡的外表阻碍我给人最好的印象。那天晚上，我提前一年开始了我的选举计划。短语put one’s best foot forward为“努力给别人留下一个非常好的第一印象”之意。介词from后接动名词形式。故填putting my best foot forward。 79．考查短语。句意：在COVID - 19病毒快速传播期间，我们被要求呆在室内。短语for the duration为“在整个非常时期内”之意。故填for the duration。 80．考查短语。句意：为了尽快实现他的梦想，他开始积极行动起来。短语swing into action为“积极行动起来”之意。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填swung into action。 devote ... to; varieties of; be used for; be comprised of; depend on; deep down; care for; succeed in; apart from; other than 81．The castle different components, which appeals to many children. 82．We all passing the midterm exam, which made our teacher very happy. 83．He the cause of peace, so he has won respect from all over the world. 84．What measures we will take will largely how he reacts to the event. 85．No one her husband knew about her job. 86．These animals here scientific experiments. 87．He seems confident but he’s quite insecure. 88．You should get a little stiffness but that there should be no side effects. 89．The scientist is living a simple life because he doesn’t money or fame. 90．There are books for us to choose from. 【答案】 81．is comprised of 82．succeeded in 83．is devoted to 84．depend on 85．apart from 86．are used for 87．deep down 88．other than 89．care for 90．varieties of 【解析】81．考查动词短语和时态。句意：这座城堡由不同的部件组成，吸引了许多孩子。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be comprised of“由……组成”，满足句意要求，结合从句动词appeals to可知，此处为一般现在时。故填is comprised of。 82．考查动词短语和时态。句意：我们都成功地通过了期中考试，这使我们的老师很高兴。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语succeed in doing“成功做某事”，满足句意要求，结合从句动词made可知，此处为一般过去时。故填succeeded in。 83．考查动词短语和时态。句意：他致力于和平事业，因此赢得了全世界的尊敬。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be devoted to sth“献身于……，致力于……”，满足句意要求，结合句意以及后面的has won可知，此处为一般现在时。故填is devoted to。 84．考查动词短语。句意：我们将采取什么措施将在很大程度上取决于他对这一事件的反应。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语depend on“取决于”，满足句意要求，结合空前will情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填depend on。 85．考查介词短语。句意：除了她丈夫没有人知道她的工作。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语apart from“除了……”，满足句意要求。故填apart from。 86．考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意：这些动物是用来做科学实验的。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be used for“用于”，满足句意要求，结合主语These animals为复数名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填are used for。 87．考查固定短语。句意：他表面上很自信，但内心却很缺乏安全感。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语deep down“在内心深处”，满足句意要求。故填deep down。 88．考查固定短语。句意：你应该会有点僵硬，但除此之外应该没有副作用。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语other than“除了……以外”，满足句意要求。故填other than。 89．考查动词短语。句意：这位科学家过着简朴的生活，因为他不在乎名利。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语care for“在乎”，满足句意要求，结合空前doesn’t助动词可知，为动词原形。故填care for。 90．考查固定短语。句意：有各种各样的书供我们选择。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语varieties of“各种各样的”修饰books，满足句意要求。故填varieties of。 apologize for; in the absence of; rather than; on the other hand; keep in touch with; get into; be worried about; all in all; be happy with; take turns 91． , going to the west may bring more benefits. 92．I don’t know how he managed to those children. 93．John having kept us waiting too long. 94．I will do it myself ask him to do it. 95．In the end, they decided to to do the housework. 96． teachers’ instruction, I don’t know how to combine what I’ve learnt with practice. 97．In brief, he the result. 98．If you his progress, do discuss it with one of his teachers. 99．The job wasn’t very interesting, but it was well-paid. 100．The company trouble when it expanded too quickly. 【答案】 91．All in all 92．keep in touch with 93．apologized for 94．rather than 95．take turns 96．In the absence of 97．was happy with 98．are worried about 99．on the other hand 100．got into 【解析】91．考查固定短语。句意：总的来说，去西方可能会带来更多的好处。根据句意可知，“去西方可能会带来更多的好处”为概括性话语，“all in all”意为“总的来说”，符合语境，句首单词首字母大写。故填All in all。 92．考查固定短语。句意：我不知道他是怎么和那些孩子保持联系的。根据句意可知，句中指和那些孩子保持联系，“keep in touch with sb.”意为“与某人保持联系”，符合语境，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填keep in touch with。 93．考查固定短语和时态。句意：约翰为让我们等了太久而道歉。根据句意及后文“having kept us waiting too long”可知，我们等了太久，所以约翰为此道歉，“apologize for…”意为“为……道歉”，符合语境，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，“apologize”的过去式为“apologized”。故填apologized for。 94．考查固定短语。句意：我自己做，而不是让他做。根据空格前后关系可知，我自己做，而不是让他做，“rather than”意为“而不是”，符合语境。故填rather than。 95．考查固定短语。句意：最后，他们决定轮流做家务。根据句意可知，句中指轮流做家务，“take turns to do sth.”意为“轮流做某事”，符合语境，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填take turns。 96．考查固定短语。句意：在没有老师指导的情况下，我不知道如何将所学知识与实践相结合。根据句意及后文“I don’t know how to combine what I’ve learnt with practice”可知，句中指如果没有老师的指导，不知道如何将所学知识与实践相结合，“in the absence of ...”意为“在没有……的情况下”，符合语境，句首单词首字母大写。故填In the absence of。 97．考查固定短语和时态。句意：简而言之，他对结果感到满意。根据句意可知，句中指他对结果的态度，他对结果感到满意，“be happy with…”意为“对……感到满意”，符合语境，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，主语为“he”,be动词用was。故填was happy with。 98．考查固定短语和时态。句意：如果你担心他的进步，一定要和他的一位老师讨论一下。根据句意及后文“do discuss it with one of his teachers”可知，和老师讨论是因为担心他的进步，“be worried about…”意为“担心……”，符合语境，句子为“If”引导的条件状语从句，描述一种当前的状态，用一般现在时，主语为“you”，be动词用are。故填are worried about。 99．考查固定短语。句意：这份工作不是很有趣，但从另一方面来说薪水很高。根据“这份工作不是很有趣”和“薪水很高”的关系可知，句中指这份工作不是很有趣，但从另一方面来说薪水很高，“on the other hand”意为“从另一方面来说”，符合语境。故填on the other hand。 100．考查固定短语和时态。句意：这家公司扩张过快，陷入了困境。根据句意可知，扩张过快导致陷入了困境，“get into…”意为“陷入……”，符合语境，根据从句谓语动词“expanded”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，“get”的过去式为“got”。故填got into。 三、精选常考课标词汇单句语法填空（共10个小题，每题1分） 101．Her (influence) article on climate change sparked a nationwide movement towards renewable energy solutions. 【答案】influential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她关于气候变化的颇具影响力的文章引发了一场全国性的可再生能源解决方案运动。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词influential“有很大影响的”，作定语，修饰article。故填influential。 102．I know Mary is a (realistic). She doesn’t live in dream. 【答案】realist 【详解】考查名词。句意：我知道玛丽是个现实主义者。她不是活在梦中。分析句意再根据空格前的a可知，此处用提示词的名词形式realist作表语表示“现实主义者”。故填realist。 103．Who is (blame)? 【答案】to blame 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该责备谁呢？此处为非谓语，动词不定式作表语，be to blame“应受责备的”是固定句型。故填to blame。 104．To respect others is (respect) by others. 【答案】to be respected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尊重他人就是被他人尊重。此处为非谓语，动词不定式作表语，说明主语的具体内容，动词和其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态。故填to be respected。 105．The opening of the 　(exhibit) has been postponed. 【答案】exhibition 【详解】考查名词。句意：展览的开幕时间被推迟了。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，exhibit为动词，其名词形式为：exhibition，故填exhibition。 106．The company has abandoned plans for further (expand). 【答案】expansion 【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司放弃了进一步扩张的计划。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，expand为动词，其名词形式为expansion。故填expansion。 107．Would you please make up a topic that is well worth (discuss) at tomorrow's meeting? 【答案】discussing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你能在明天的会议上提出一个很值得讨论的话题吗?  be worth doing是固定短语，意为“值得做……”，用动名词作宾语，且动名词主动形式表示被动含义。故填discussing。 108．One of the most effective ways (reduce) stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 【答案】to reduce 【详解】考查不定式。句意：减轻压力的最有效方法之一是与你信任的人谈谈感受。分析句子可知，空处应用不定式作定语，修饰名词ways。故填to reduce。 109．The (critical) in the local paper says it’s the funniest thing he’s ever seen. 【答案】critic 【详解】考查名词。句意：当地报纸的评论家说这是他见过的最有趣的事情。分析句子可知，空处应填名词critic“评论家”在句中作主语，由谓语动词says可知，主语是单数。故填critic。 110． He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of (recognize). 【答案】recognition 【详解】考查名词。句意：他朝她瞥了一眼，但没有认出来的迹象。空前是介词of，所以空处填名词recognition，表示“认出；承认”，不可数名词，作介词的宾语。故填recognition。 四、语篇填空（共 10个空，每空1分） 阅读下面材料，根据上下文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Along the River During the Qingming Festival, one of the top ten ancient Chinese paintings, shows the prosperity (繁荣) of Bianjing, the capital of the Song Dynasty. 111 (regard) as “China’s Mona Lisa”, the national treasure kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing is 112 display every few years. The 528. 7- centimeter- long work is noted for its reasonable arrangement and perfect 113 (compose) . With the painting gradually unfolded, the first thing 114 (attract) the eye is the early spring scenery outside Bianjing: streams, bridges and sprouting (发芽) trees. Some travelers are hurrying on their way in the thin fog, 115 presents a typical picture of the Qingming Festival. At the end of the country road 116 (come) the middle part — the Bianhe River, the “Golden Waterway” of Bainjing. Several ships are sailing on the river while some others are docked (停泊) with goods being unloaded, truly shows the 117 (advance) shipping industry at that time. The last part is the 118 (crowd) and noisy downtown, where various people are going about various business. So 119 (incredible) alive does the painting look that it seems as if we could see the people walking by and hear 120 they are talking about. Along the River During the Qingming Festival serves as a window to Song dynasty, providing very valuable materials for future generations to understand and study Chinese people’s economic and social life over 800 years ago. 【答案】 111．Regarded 112．on 113．composition 114．to attract 115．which 116．comes 117．advanced 118．crowded 119．incredibly 120．what 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了《清明上河图》的概况和艺术价值。 111．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为“中国的蒙娜丽莎”，这幅国宝保存在北京故宫博物院，每隔几年就会展出一次。空白处在句子中作状语，regard与其逻辑主语the national treasure之间是被动关系，应填入过去分词形式，故填Regarded。 112．考查介词。句意：同上。on display为固定短语，意为“展览”，符合句意，故填on。 113．考查名词。句意：这幅528.7厘米长的作品以其合理的布局和完美的构图而闻名。空白处在句子中作介词for的宾语，可知应填入名词composition，与and之前的arrangement并列，故填composition。 114．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着画作逐渐展开，首先吸引眼球的是汴京郊外的早春景色：溪流、桥梁和发芽的树木。句子谓语是is，空格处填入非谓语动词，在句子中作定语修饰 the first thing，因名词thing被序数词修饰，使用动词不定式，故填to attract。 115．考查定语从句。句意：一些旅客在薄雾中匆匆赶路，呈现出一幅典型的清明节画面。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词是thin fog，指物，并作主语，故填which。 116．考查动词时态。句意：在乡间小路的尽头是中部——汴河，汴京的“黄金水道”。空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，使用一般现在时，句子是完全倒装句，主语 the middle part是单数概念，空格处填入第三人称单数形式，故填comes。 117．考查形容词。句意：几艘船在河上航行，而另一些船则停泊着卸下货物，真实地展示了当时先进的航运业。空格处填入形容词advanced“先进的”作定语，修饰后面的名词shipping industry，故填advanced。 118．考查形容词。句意：最后一部分是拥挤而嘈杂的市中心，各种各样的人正在从事各种业务。空白处使用形容词crowded“拥挤的”作定语修饰后面名词为downtown，故填crowded。 119．考查副词。句意：这幅画看起来如此生动，仿佛我们可以看到路人走过，听到他们在谈论什么。空格处应填入副词作状语，修饰形容词alive，故填incredibly。 120．考查宾语从句。句意：同上。空格处引导宾语从句，作talking about的宾语，指物，应填入连接代词what符合题意，故填what。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题14常考课标词汇检测小卷（选择性必修三） （满分120分）（时间60分钟） 一、单词拼写（共 50个小题，每题1分） 1．He earned himself a good (声誉) for his great contributions. 2．The headmaster’s work has received the students’ (认可). 3．There were some extraordinarily (逼真的， 栩栩如生的) paintings of Europe on display. 4．I repeatedly read the text and finally absorbed the precise meaning it (传达). 5．He (精确地) informs me of what is realism. 6．One of my clients decided to live in Beijing on a (永久的) basis. 7．The Chinese people tend to make a lot of (购买，采购) before the Spring Festival. 8．You should not rest your argument upon (主观的) and groundless conclusion. 9．Color perception is very (主观的), as different people have different ideas about colors. 10．China’s national (国民的) servant exam attracts a large number of candidates each year. 11．Eventually I got annoyed because he always wanted to (支配) everything in my life. 12．Everyone should keep the (纪律) and you are no exception. 13．They are looking for (充满活力的) persons to be salesmen. 14．She tiptoed the room quietly so as not to (打扰) the sleeping baby. 15．This report has been (审查) and approved by the leadership. 16．All her efforts to keep him on the straight and narrow have been (回报). 17．Our creative thinking does not differ that much in (回应) to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. 18．The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to (分辨) one from the other. 19．In my opinion, Internet voting has begun to show its (消极的)impacts on people and society. 20．Compared with Chinese youngsters, youths in developed countries are more (悲观的). 21．The concert will be (播送) live online. 22．The (政策) has greatly stimulated enthusiasm for work. 23．Neither the current TV shows nor the fashion (趋势) is familiar to the dentist. 24．Ballet, one of the most (最全面的) dance systems, appeals to my consultant. 25．We should adopt new and (可持续的) ways of feeding farm animals straight away. 26．How to ensure the nation’s sustainable development is on the (议事日程). 27．As to your skateboard, regular safety (检查) can not be ignored. 28．A new garbage (处理) system needs implementing. 29．As far as I am concerned, teenagers need more (规章制度) and discipline. 30．She is so dynamic a woman that she has of (许多) admirers. 31．Last week, the teacher (布置) an essay about environmental protection to them. 32．I shouldn’t have been so (自私的) and not willing to contribute the money to my household. 33．There is a famous saying based on Chinese philosophy: “ (味苦的) pills may have blessed effects.” 34．Learning that I failed in the exam, my heart (下沉). 35．The plane crashed, killing one of the (全体工作人员) and four passengers. 36．He wants to improve his spoken English under the (指导) of a British teacher. 37．They’ve paid 6 months’ rent in advance for a 2-room apartment and will give it a (彻底的) cleaning before moving in. 38．The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being (抛弃，放弃) to the care of strangers. 39．We will buy some (家具) for our new house. 40．An eager beaver refers to someone who is extremely (热衷的) and enjoys working extremely hard. 41．Thomson is a loyal and (有同情心的) man. 42．The three men were assigned different jobs according to their (各自的)abilities. 43．Hundreds of delicate butterflies are flying in the (花朵). 44．Her (文学的) career started in 1938 with a drama. 45．I wonder whether this dictionary is available in an electronic （版本）.   46．They accurately reflect the changes of natural (规律) and play an extremely important role in people’s daily life. 47．The first, second and third prizes went to James, Lytton and Tom (分别地). 48．The American Congress (类似于) to the British Parliament (议会). 49．A childlike (天真无邪) shone out of his handsome eyes. 50．Life is not always full of sunshine, so we should value everything beautiful that we (偶遇). 二、选词填空（共 50个小题，每题1分） 从方框内10个短语中选择恰当的短语并用其正确形式填空。 appeal to    so long as    due to    try out    result in run out of    come about   even if   in particular   at risk 51． lack of support, his suggestion of raising a pet at home was denied by the family. 52．She doesn’t know how to save money, so she money at the end of each month. 53．Nowadays western culture doesn’t China’s young people easily. 54．Your whole future is if you don’t stop your addiction to the cellphone. 55．Everyone wanted to know how the fight yesterday. 56． you get your homework finished and handed in on time, I won’t blame you as before. 57．Mistakes in theory will failures in practice. 58．We teenagers should try out everything it turns out to be nothing. 59．The whole meal was good and the wine was excellent. 60．Come on! I really want you to this new product. sort out; carry on; hang over; consist of; be packed with; contrary to; make one’s bed come to oneself; declare war on; open up; be combined with; in response to 61．As there is only one public bathroom in the small county town, it is always people in the winter. 62．She didn’t waste time feeling sorry for herself—she just picked herself up and ． 63．It helps to discuss your problems with someone but I find it hard to ． 64． what many people believe today, fairy tales were originally intended for adults, not for children. 65．A phrasal verb refers to a verb an adverb or a preposition, or sometimes both, to give a new meaning. 66．In September 1939, Britain Germany after Germany invaded Poland. 67．The robbers knocked him unconscious, and when he ， he was lying alone in the dark. 68． gradual climatic changes, some species have shifted their ranges hundreds of kilometers away. 69．A molecule of water two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. 70．We’re in a state of complete chaos here and I need a little time to everything. in a flash    subscribe to    bounce...off     put...on the line    compose oneself swing into action    put one’s best foot forward     for the duration    be bound to     dawn on 71．I’ve been China Daily for several years, which is very helpful to my English study. 72．People want to be able to have instant access to books that promise to solve their problems . 73．As long as you work hard, you will achieve high grades in the exam. 74．It me that honesty is of vital importance. 75．A wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and other people’s jobs . 76．There would be an exam the next day. He tried to . 77．He ideas colleagues everywhere he went. 78．I would not allow my plain appearance to hold me back from . That evening, I began my election plans a whole year in advance. 79．We’re required to stay indoors of the rapid spread of COVID 19 virus. 80．In order to make his dream come true as soon as possible, he . devote ... to; varieties of; be used for; be comprised of; depend on; deep down; care for; succeed in; apart from; other than 81．The castle different components, which appeals to many children. 82．We all passing the midterm exam, which made our teacher very happy. 83．He the cause of peace, so he has won respect from all over the world. 84．What measures we will take will largely how he reacts to the event. 85．No one her husband knew about her job. 86．These animals here scientific experiments. 87．He seems confident but he’s quite insecure. 88．You should get a little stiffness but that there should be no side effects. 89．The scientist is living a simple life because he doesn’t money or fame. 90．There are books for us to choose from. apologize for; in the absence of; rather than; on the other hand; keep in touch with; get into; be worried about; all in all; be happy with; take turns 91． , going to the west may bring more benefits. 92．I don’t know how he managed to those children. 93．John having kept us waiting too long. 94．I will do it myself ask him to do it. 95．In the end, they decided to to do the housework. 96． teachers’ instruction, I don’t know how to combine what I’ve learnt with practice. 97．In brief, he the result. 98．If you his progress, do discuss it with one of his teachers. 99．The job wasn’t very interesting, but it was well-paid. 100．The company trouble when it expanded too quickly. 三、精选常考课标词汇单句语法填空（共10个小题，每题1分） 101．Her (influence) article on climate change sparked a nationwide movement towards renewable energy solutions. 102．I know Mary is a (realistic). She doesn’t live in dream. 103．Who is (blame)? 104．To respect others is (respect) by others. 105．The opening of the 　(exhibit) has been postponed. 106．The company has abandoned plans for further (expand). 107．Would you please make up a topic that is well worth (discuss) at tomorrow's meeting? 108．One of the most effective ways (reduce) stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 109．The (critical) in the local paper says it’s the funniest thing he’s ever seen. 110． He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of (recognize). 四、语篇填空（共 10个空，每空1分） 阅读下面材料，根据上下文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Along the River During the Qingming Festival, one of the top ten ancient Chinese paintings, shows the prosperity (繁荣) of Bianjing, the capital of the Song Dynasty. 111 (regard) as “China’s Mona Lisa”, the national treasure kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing is 112 display every few years. The 528. 7- centimeter- long work is noted for its reasonable arrangement and perfect 113 (compose) . With the painting gradually unfolded, the first thing 114 (attract) the eye is the early spring scenery outside Bianjing: streams, bridges and sprouting (发芽) trees. Some travelers are hurrying on their way in the thin fog, 115 presents a typical picture of the Qingming Festival. At the end of the country road 116 (come) the middle part — the Bianhe River, the “Golden Waterway” of Bainjing. Several ships are sailing on the river while some others are docked (停泊) with goods being unloaded, truly shows the 117 (advance) shipping industry at that time. The last part is the 118 (crowd) and noisy downtown, where various people are going about various business. So 119 (incredible) alive does the painting look that it seems as if we could see the people walking by and hear 120 they are talking about. Along the River During the Qingming Festival serves as a window to Song dynasty, providing very valuable materials for future generations to understand and study Chinese people’s economic and social life over 800 years ago. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$