Unit 3 The world of science 重点词汇归纳 清单-2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

Unit 3 · 1. press 1）v. 按；压；逼迫 In case of emergency, press the button and break the glass. press sth. against sth. 把某物紧贴在某物上 She pressed her face against the window. press sb. to do sth. 逼迫某人做某事 They are pressing us to make a quick decision. 2）n. ① 报刊 The story was reported in the press and on television. ② 印刷机 Before the wide use for printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. ③ 新闻界；新闻报道 press conference 新闻发布会 [词形转换] 1）pressure n. 压力 under pressure 承受压力 Working around the clock, doctors are under great pressure. 2）pressing adj. 紧迫的 Our attention ought to be focused on the more pressing problems. · 2. shoot 1）v. ① 射击；发射 He shot the arrow from the bow. shoot at… 向…射击 He shot at the target, but missed it. shoot down 击落；击毙 ② 拍摄 I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-mintue time frame. ③ 射门 Tom shot from the halfway line. ④（使朝某方向）飞快地移动 She shot past me several meters before the finishing line. 2）n.（植物的）嫩芽，幼苗；嫩枝；打猎；拍摄 [词形转换] 1）shooting n. 枪击；狩猎；（照片或电影的）拍摄 adj. 极速移动的 shooting star 流星 · 3. in addition 除此之外，另外 The company provides cheap Internet access. In addition, it makes shareware freely available. [词形转换] 1）additional adj. 额外的；附加的 · 4. desire 1）n. 渴望；欲望；愿望 have (no) desire for sth./ to do sth. (不)想得到某物/做某事 He has a strong desire for happiness. 2）v. 渴望；期望（不用于进行时） desire (sb./ sth.) to do sth. Everyone desires to live in a world free of worries and pains. [词形转换] 1）desirable adj. 想要的；期望的 · 5. beyond prep. 超出…的范围；在…那边；迟于…；无法….；除…之外 beyond description/ words 无法形容；难以言吧 beyond one’s power/ imagination 超出某人的能力/想象力 beyond recognition/ repair/ belief/ expression 无法辨认/修理/相信/表达 beyond doubt 毫无疑问 The evidence proves beyond doubt that he is innocent. beyond compare 无与伦比；举世无双 beyond expectation/ beyond all expectations 出乎意料 We thought John would do well, but he has succeeded beyond expectation. be beyond sb. 超出某人的理解 The concepts explained in his book were beyond the freshmen. beyond one’s reach/ beyond the reach of sb. 某人够不着；超出某人的能力 go beyond 超出…；超过… She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. · 6. significant 1）adj. 重要的；影响深远的 The Spring Festival is regarded as the most significant festival of the year among the Chinese. 2）adj. 相当数量的；显著的 They are spending a significant amount of time on fruitless efforts as they multitask. [词形转换] 1）significance n. 重要性；意义；意思 attach significance to sth. 重视某物 Both her parents attach much significance to education. · 7. injure v. 使受伤，弄伤；伤害 She injured her arm in the accident. [词形转换] 1）injured adj. 受伤的；委屈的 be/ get seriously/ slightly injured 受重伤/轻伤 2）injury n. 损伤；伤害 [易混辨析]injure/ hurt/ wound 易混词 用法 例句 injure 尤指因意外事故使身体某部位受到伤害，强调身体部位受到损伤 Five people were injured in the car crash. 撞车事故中有五人受伤。 hurt 指对身体造成伤害，一般会引起疼痛；也指情感方面受伤，日常英语中，hurt更常用 Emma hurt her back when she fell off her horse. 爱玛从马上摔下来，背部受了伤。 wound 尤指在战争或殴打中受到刀、枪等武器的伤害 The bullet wounded him in the shoulder. 子弹打伤了他的肩膀。 · 8. origin 1）n. 起源；起因 Many words in English are French in origin. 2）n. 血统，出身 Over 80% of the 3.6 million people are of European origin. [词形转换] 1）originate v. 法院；起源；创立；发明；创建 A lot of our medicines originate from tropical plants. 2）original adj.（仅用于名词前）原作的；最初的；原先的；新颖的，独创的 n. 原作/原稿 In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it. 3）originator n. 创始人；发明者 · 9. cure 1）n. 药剂；疗法；对策 a/ the cure for… 治愈…的方法；解决…的对策 There is still no cure for cancer. 2）v. 治愈；解决；矫正，改正 cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的某种病；矫正某人的某种不良行为 90% try to cure their children of bad habits. [易混辨析]cure/ treat 易混词 用法 例句 cure v. 治愈；治好（疾病或病人） 指治愈某种疾病，强调结果 cure sb. of sth. 治好某人某种病 The doctors cured her of illness. 医生治好了她的病。 treat v. 治疗；医治 指进行治疗，不含“治好”意思，强调过程 treat sb./ sth. with sth. 用某物治疗某物 The best way to treat such bleeding is to press firmly on the wound. 治疗这种流血的最好方式就是压住伤口。 · 10. declaration n. 声明，宣告，公告 issue/ sign an declaration 发布/签署公告 They will sign the declaration tomorrow. the Declaration of Independence 独立宣言 [词形转换] 1）declare v. 宣布，声明；宣称 declare for/ against… 声明支持/反对… Many people declared for the educational reform. declare war on… 对…宣战 declare sb./ sth. (to be) sb./ sth. 宣布某人/某物为某人/某物 The painting was declared to be a forgery. It’s declared that… 据宣布… · 11. apart from 除了…外；此外 The work is done well apart from a few slight faults. · 12. attach v. 系，绑；贴；附上；认为有（重要性）；与…联系起来 attach…to… 把…附到…上 She attached a cheque to the order form. attach importance/ significance to… 重视…；认为…重要 My parents always attach importance to my getting a good education. [词形转换] 1）attached adj. 附属的；为…工作；喜爱的；依恋的；所附的 be attached to sb./ sth. 喜欢/依恋某人/某物 She is very attached to her family and friends. be attached to sth.（尤指短期）为（某机构）工作；附属于（某较大的机构） The hospital is attached to the medical college nearby. 2）attachment n. 附件；附属物；依恋，爱慕，喜爱 · 13. conduct 1）v. 传导（热、电）；实施；指挥；带领；为（某人）导游 conduct sb. around sp. 带某人参观某地 The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city. 2）n. 行为，举止；实施办法 The sport has a strict code of conduct. [词形转换] 1）conductor n. 指挥；售票员；导体 2）conductive adj. 导电的，传导的 · 14. account 1）n. 描述；报道；账户 on account of 因为；由于 The flight was postponed on account of bad weather. on no account 绝不；绝对不 On no account should you jump to a conclusion when you feel uncertain about a problem. take…into account 考虑到…；将…考虑在内 = take account of… A good architect takes the building’s surroundings into account when designing it. 2）v. 认为是；视为（常用被动） The event was accounted a success. account for 解释；是…的原因；占（一定数量或比例） Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. [词形转换] 1）accountant n. 会计 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$