精品解析：2025届吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学高三上学期三模英语试题

2024-2025学年上学期东北师大附中英语试卷 高三年级第三次摸底考试 第一部分 听力(1-20小题)在笔试结束后进行。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Master Gardener Volunteers Wanted Why Become a Master Gardener? The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on! Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and by providing a safe food supply through home fruit and vegetable production. What Qualifications Must You Meet? Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener — you don’t need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to: ●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management. ●Be willing to share horticulture information with others. ●Be willing to attend a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education. Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer, each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with extension staff. What Does the Training Involve? Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10 hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year. 1. What does a Master Gardener do? A. Help promote the well-being of people. B. Train volunteers to help with gardening. C. Teach the young about cooking and farming. D. Increase the output of home fruit and vegetable. 2. What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener? A. Acquiring excellent teaching skills. B. Having some relevant knowledge. C. Completing given training sessions. D. Obtaining rich volunteer experience. 3. How long will it take to become a certified Master Gardener? A. A year. B. Three months. C. About 160 hours. D. About 120 hours. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“园艺大师志愿者”这一项目，包括成为园艺大师的好处、申请资格以及培训内容等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Why Become a Master Gardener?部分中“Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life (园艺大师组织人们参与活动，以提高他们的整体幸福感和生活的整体享受)”可知，园艺大师主要做的是帮助提升人们的幸福感。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据What Qualifications Must You Meet?部分中“●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management. (有一定的经验或了解一些园艺或景观管理知识)”可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，需要有一些相关知识。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据What Does the Training Involve?部分中“Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. (完成该项目并获得认证需要大约60个小时的课堂教学和实地学习，以及60个小时的志愿者实习工作)”可知，成为认证的园艺大师需要大约120个小时。故选D项。 B Fifteen-year-old Sansa has been writing for eight years and has been working on a book for the past four. Feeling stuck and unable to write, she started searching for writing groups in Los Angeles, looking for guidance. When she found WriteGirl, she was inspired. Keren Taylor started WriteGirl in 2001 as a way to help teen girls who did not have access to creative writing programs. “Teen girls are incredibly vulnerable (脆弱的) and invisible,” Taylor said. “They really need to be lifted up and inspired.” At WriteGirl, 400 women writers volunteer to mentor (指导) 700 teenagers a year. Every girl who has gone through the mentorship program has gone to college and several have pursued careers as professional writers. Through the program, girls dive into poetry, fiction, songwriting, play and so on, learning techniques from professional women writers. This leads to well-rounded training and sets WriteGirl apart from other organizations. A typical exercise at WriteGirl is mic and rant, a 30-second session before writing for each girl. As a vehicle for teens to get their ideas out, it empowers girls to explore anything meaningful to them. “Not the flowery language, or rather, complicated expressions that sound skillful, but more of the natural, this is what I’m thinking and what I’m feeling.” Taylor said. Sansa’s mentor Danyella Wilder is attracted by the long-term nature of mentoring at WriteGirl. Wilder wishes she had a program like this herself when she was 15. “To just have an organization where people are spending their time just to tell you, ‘Hey, good job,’ or ‘That was amazing.’ You’re at the age where you need to hear that.” 4. Why did Sansa join WriteGirl? A. To gain a sense of belonging. B. To overcome her writing block. C. To release negative emotions. D. To become a professional writer. 5. What makes WriteGirl different from other organizations? A. It aims to produce professional writers. B. It turns teen girls into mentors. C. It exposes girls to varied writing styles. D. It ensures girls’ entry to college. 6. What does the “mic and rant” exercise in paragraph 4 refer to? A. A daily writing task. B. A recitation of poetry. C. A session for idea generation. D. A skillful expression activity. 7. What does Danyella Wilder imply in the last paragraph? A. Mentoring is a time-consuming process. B. Positive feedback is crucial for teen girls. C. Criticism at a young age can be harmful. D. Mentorship should be based on friendship. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了十五岁的珊莎已经写作八年了，过去四年一直在写一本书。她觉得自己被困住了，无法写作，于是开始在洛杉矶寻找写作小组，寻求指导。当她找到“写作女孩”时，她受到了启发。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Fifteen-year-old Sansa has been writing for eight years and has been working on a book for the past four. Feeling stuck and unable to write, she started searching for writing groups in Los Angeles, looking for guidance. When she found WriteGirl, she was inspired.”（十五岁的珊莎已经写作八年了，过去四年一直在写一本书。她觉得自己被困住了，无法写作，于是开始在洛杉矶寻找写作小组，寻求指导。当她找到“写作女孩”时，她受到了启发。）可推知，珊莎加入“写作女孩”是为了克服她的写作障碍。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Through the program, girls dive into poetry, fiction, songwriting, play and so on, learning techniques from professional women writers. This leads to well-rounded training and sets WriteGirl apart from other organizations.”（通过这个项目，女孩们深入到诗歌、小说、歌曲创作、戏剧等领域，向职业女作家学习技巧。这导致了全面的培训，并将“写作女孩”与其他组织区分开来。）可知，“写作女孩”与其他组织不同的是它让女孩们接触到不同的写作风格。故选C项。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“…a 30-second session before writing for each girl.”（在为每个女孩写作之前有30秒的时间。）以及“As a vehicle for teens to get their ideas out, it empowers girls to explore anything meaningful to them.”（作为青少年表达想法的工具，它使女孩们能够探索任何对她们有意义的事情。）由此可知，此处mic and rant指的是“产生想法的一段时间。”故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wilder wishes she had a program like this herself when she was 15. “To just have an organization where people are spending their time just to tell you, ‘Hey, good job,’ or ‘That was amazing.’ You’re at the age where you need to hear that.””（Wilder希望自己15岁时也能有这样一个项目。“在一个组织里，人们花时间只是为了告诉你，‘嘿，干得好’或‘太棒了’。’你已经到了需要听到这句话的年纪了。”）可推知，Danyella Wilder在最后一段暗示了积极的反馈对十几岁的女孩来说至关重要。故选B项。 C What do you get when you paint a pair of eyes on a cow’s rump (臀部)? The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. The eyes painted on cows’ rumps can trick certain predators, such as lions and leopards. An experiment by Australia and Botswana compared how predators reacted to herds that had eye paintings on their rumps, ones that had “xs”, and some without any paintings at all. Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. Neil Jordan, a biologist in Australia, first came up with the method. While watching a lion hunting a deer, he noticed something interesting. “Lions usually move slowly and quietly to their prey, get close and jump on them. But when the deer noticed the lion and the lion realized it had been seen, it gave up on the hunt,” he said. Later, he worked with a local farmer to test his idea over a period of 10 weeks, and like the most recent results, all of the cows with painted eyes survived. Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. Therefore, further research should be done to prove whether it is effective. In spite of this, he’s still hoping that the “i-cow” will become a widely used technique to at least reduce predator’s attacks. “I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” 8. What is “i-cow” solution intended for? A. Protecting cows from being attacked. B. Leading predators to the farm. C. Training cows to notice predators. D. Recognizing cows quickly. 9. What do we know about the experiment in paragraph 2? A. Most of the unpainted cows were killed. B. The cows with “eyes” on the rump survived. C. A small number of cows with “xs” survived. D. More than twenty painted cows were killed. 10. What might be a cause of the “i-cow” solution’s failing to work? A. Predators perceive the tricks. B. Predators get close to the cows. C. There is more than one predator. D. The farmers lack basic painting skills. 11. Why does Dr. Jordan think that farmers will favor his method? A. It is a widely recognized approach. B. It follows their traditional practice. C. It is easy and cheap to carry out. D. It has proved the most effective. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为“i-cow”的简单方法，这种方法通过在奶牛的臀部上画眼睛来吓跑捕食者，如狮子和豹子，并展示了实验结果，证明这种方法有效减少了捕食者的攻击。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. (答案是你会得到一种吓跑捕食者的方法。这个简单的把戏被称为“i-cow”解决方案)”可知，这个解决方案是为了保护奶牛免受攻击。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. (在四年的时间里，研究人员发现，835头没有画上眼睛的奶牛中有15头被捕食者杀死，543头画上“xs”的奶牛中有4头死亡，但683头在臀部画上眼睛的奶牛中，每一头都还活着)”可知，在实验中，那些臀部上画着“眼睛”的奶牛活了下来。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. (尽管取得了积极的结果，Jordan博士说，这种方法并不是一个可靠的解决方案。他说，如果农民在所有奶牛的背上都画上眼睛，捕食者可能最终会发现这些眼睛不是真的)”可知，捕食者察觉到这些把戏可能会导致该解决方案不起作用。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” (“我认为农民们对此很满意，”Jordan博士说。“毕竟，他们所需要的只是一个颜料罐、画笔和一点艺术天赋。”)”可推知，Jordan博士认为农民会喜欢他的方法，是因为它操作简单，成本低廉。故选C项。 D Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more intrusive (侵入) in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (将……地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era. If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligences, they won’t need an atmosphere or even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars — that non-biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus ever more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future, closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species — ours — holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution, even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term — empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 12. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To respond to government’s decisions. B. To show scientists’ knowledge and skills. C. To highlight the challenges to scientists. D. To present a call for scientific advances. 13. What can be learned about AI according to this passage? A. It can put an end to climate change. B. It can make mass human emigration possible. C. It can cause potential risks from big companies. D. It can bring about the competition among nations. 14. Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with? A. Post-humans will repeat the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will destroy the universe. C. Fully artificial intelligences may inhabit outer space. D. Non-biological brains may invite unforeseen disasters. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Is it possible to predict the future? B. Could science and technology save us? C. Is it difficult to emigrate to outer space? D. Will artificial intelligence replace humans? 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是科技发展对人类未来的影响，特别是人工智能在解决全球性挑战中的作用与潜在风险，并探讨了人类与后人类时代的进化可能性，文中呼吁以科学为依托，同时秉持长远和全球性的视角来应对未来的不确定性。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with   climate change, even though science offers us a road map to a low-carbon future. (科学家们对未来的预测能力很差。但可以自信地预测两种趋势。首先，世界将变得更加拥挤。到2050年，人口将超过90亿。其次，世界将变暖，一些政府不会优先考虑应对气候变化所需的长期措施，尽管科学为我们提供了低碳未来的路线图)”以及第二段“That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. (这就是为什么我们应该成为新技术的推动者 —— 没有它，世界就无法为不断增长的人口提供所需的粮食和可持续能源)”可知，作者在第一段中提到这两种趋势是为了呼吁大家发展科学新技术。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“AI will undoubtedly become more intrusive (侵入) in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. (人工智能无疑将在未来变得更加侵入性。我们行动、健康和财务交易的记录将被存储在云端。这些数据可能出于合理的原因被使用，例如蛋白质折叠和药物开发，或者用来警告我们最初的健康风险，但其对互联网公司的可用性已经将权力平衡从政府转移到了全球规模的公司)”可知，人工智能会使人类受到来自于全球规模的大公司的潜在威胁。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligences, they won’t need an atmosphere or even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars — that non-biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus ever more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. (如果后人类从血肉之躯转变为完全的人工智能，他们将不再需要大气层甚至重力，因此在深空中 —— 甚至不在火星上 —— 非生物的“大脑”可能会发展出我们无法想象的能力。他们最终可能在精神上与我们不同。人工智能可能会启动一场巨大的移民潮，从而让更复杂的智能在宇宙中传播开来)”可知，作者认为完全人工智能可能存在于外太空。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term — empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. (如果科学要拯救我们，我们需要从全球、理智和长远的角度思考 —— 由科学赋予权力，但以科学本身无法提供的价值观为指导)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要探讨了人工智能、太空探索以及后人类时代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行动，并强调科学需要与价值观相结合所以“科学和技术能拯救我们吗？”提出问题，引发读者的阅读兴趣，适合作为文章标题。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Vertical (垂直的) farming involves using vertically piled layers and other innovative resources to help your crops grow. ____16____ You get to grow your plants while using the small space at home. Below are some benefits of vertical farming for small house owners. Reduce water usage. Watering a vertical garden is easy, simple, and uses less water. If your plants are grown in a traditional way, you’ll need lots of water to keep up with your plants’ growth. ____17____ Save space. As a small, house owner, space is a big concern. However, vertical farming ensures that you can create a garden in your home and fully enjoy the experience. ____18____ So, if you aim to save space in your home and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect. ____19____ Vertical farming is mainly done indoors and entirely depends on you to provide the best conditions. With commitment, you can continuously ensure consistent food production despite the seasons. Cut down on chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will not require you to invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers to keep your plants alive. In addition, insects will not have easy access to your plants since you’ll be gardening in a controlled environment. ____20____ A. Increase food production. B. Produce food consistently. C. Having a garden means you need to work with the space available. D. It comes in handy without causing any inconvenience to your living arrangements. E. However, if you invest in vertical farming, your water usage will dramatically drop. F. So the food grown is organic and safe for consumption making it an excellent choice. G. It enables you to take full advantage of walls and spaces that would otherwise stay useless. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了垂直农业带来的几个好处。 【16题详解】 根据下文“You get to grow your plants while using the small space at home. Below are some benefits of vertical farming for small house owners.(你可以利用家里的小空间种植你的植物。下面是垂直农业对小户主的一些好处。)”可知，空处应介绍垂直农业的好处。D项：It comes in handy without causing any inconvenience to your living arrangements.(它很方便，不会给你的生活安排带来任何不便。)符合语境。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据段落小标题“Reduce water usage.(减少水的使用)”和上文“If your plants are grown in a traditional way, you’ll need lots of water to keep up with your plants’ growth.(如果你的植物以传统的方式种植，你将需要大量的水来跟上你的植物的生长。)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明垂直农业可以节约用水。E项中的“water usage will dramatically drop”和标题对应。E项：However, if you invest in vertical farming, your water usage will dramatically drop.(然而，如果你投资垂直农业，你的用水量将大大下降。)符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“However, vertical farming ensures that you can create a garden in your home and fully enjoy the experience.(然而，垂直农业确保你可以在家里创造一个花园，并充分享受这种体验。)”和下文“So, if you aim to save space in your home and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect.(所以，如果你的目标是节省家里的空间，仍然有一个花园，垂直农业是完美的。)”可知，空处承上启下，讲述了垂直农业可以帮助我们充分利用闲置空间。G项：It enables you to take full advantage of walls and spaces that would otherwise stay useless.(它使你能够充分利用墙壁和空间，否则就会变得无用。)符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Vertical farming is mainly done indoors and entirely depends on you to provide the best conditions. With commitment, you can continuously ensure consistent food production despite the seasons.(垂直农业主要在室内进行，完全取决于你提供最好的条件。有了承诺，无论季节如何，您都可以持续确保粮食生产的一致性。)”可知，本段主要介绍了垂直农业可以不受季节的限制，一年四季都能产出食物。B项：Produce food consistently.(持续生产食物。)符合语境。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Cut down on chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will not require you to invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers to keep your plants alive.(减少化学药品和杀虫剂的使用。垂直花园不需要你投资杀虫剂和化肥来保持你的植物存活。)”可知，垂直农业减少了对杀虫剂和化学肥料的使用，F项：So the food grown is organic and safe for consumption making it an excellent choice.(所以种植的食物是有机的，可以安全食用，是一个很好的选择。)符合语境，讲述了这么做的好处，即可以产生有机绿色食物。故选F。 第三部分 语言知识运用 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 2017 when the accident occurred. That day it started to rain when I ____21____ to stop just inches from the car ahead. Before I sighed with ____22____, my car was hit hard from behind. ____23____, I was unharmed and stepped out to ____24____ the situation. The girl who had hit me was in tears. She ____25____ to me and explained that her brakes (刹车) had taken longer to ____26____ because of the slippery road. Minutes later, a policeman ____27____ and directly issued the girl a ticket for “failure to control speed”, and several other offenses, which could have led to the ____28____ of her license. The girl was extremely upset, but she was helpless against the result. I comforted her that it wasn’t her ____29____ and promised to help. Two weeks later, I received a notice to appear as a witness in the girl’s trial. Although it wasn’t required, I decided to seek _____30_____. Upon seeing me in court, the girl appeared quite _____31_____. I recounted the incident _____32_____, saying neither of us was speeding and that the road was exceptionally slippery. I also _____33_____ the girl wasn’t to blame. When I finished speaking, the courtroom erupted into applause, and the judge praised me for _____34_____ my citizen’s duty. After careful consideration, he dismissed the _____35_____ against the girl. I believe whoever encounters such a case would do the same. 21. A. managed B. hesitated C. failed D. refused 22. A. disappointment B. excitement C. regret D. relief 23. A. Hopefully B. Thankfully C. Strangely D. Importantly 24. A. improve B. clarify C. assess D. monitor 25. A. whispered B. mentioned C. apologized D. described 26. A. refresh B. recover C. repair D. respond 27. A. turned up B. sped by C. stepped aside D. showed off 28. A. limitation B. cancellation C. explanation D. collection 29. A. weakness B. effort C. excuse D. fault 30. A. advice B. freedom C. cooperation D. justice 31. A. proud B. grateful C. pitiful D. confused 32. A. confidently B. subjectively C. truthfully D. impatiently 33. A. appreciated B. expected C. stressed D. doubted 34. A. performing B. transforming C. remembering D. accepting 35. A. criticisms B. charges C. procedures D. requirements 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个下雨天作者的车被一个女孩的车追尾，女孩被警察开罚单，面临吊销驾照的处罚。作者决定为无过错的她出庭作证，如实陈述了当时的情况，法官听后撤销了对女孩的指控。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，天开始下雨了，我设法把车停在离前面汽车只有几英寸的地方。A. managed设法做到；B. hesitated犹豫；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“Minutes later, a policeman ____7____ and directly issued the girl a ticket for “failure to control speed”, and several other offenses”可知，警察给追尾的女孩开了罚单，由此可知，作者没有过错，尽管雨天路滑，还是设法把车停在离前面汽车只有几英寸的地方。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：还没等我松一口气，我的车就被后面重重地撞了一下。A. disappointment失望；B. excitement兴奋；C. regret后悔；D. relief宽慰。根据下文“Minutes later, a policeman ____7____ and directly issued the girl a ticket for “failure to control speed”, and several other offenses”可知，警察给追尾的女孩开了罚单，事故责任被认为在这个女孩，由此可知，作者是为自己勉强安全停下而庆幸，relief“宽慰”符合语境，短语sigh with relief意为“松一口气”。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，我没有受伤，走出去评估了一下情况。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Importantly重要地。根据下文“I was unharmed”可知，作者没有受伤，因此是心怀感激，即谢天谢地。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，我没有受伤，走出去评估了一下情况。A. improve改善；B. clarify澄清；C. assess评估；D. monitor监测。根据上文“my car was hit hard from behind”可知，作者的车被后面重重地撞了一下，因此会走出去评估情况。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向我道歉，并解释说，由于路面滑，她的刹车反应较慢。A. whispered低语；B. mentioned提及；C. apologized道歉；D. described描述。根据上文“The girl who had hit me was in tears.”可知，撞了作者的那个女孩哭了，由此可知，她很愧疚，会向作者道歉。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向我道歉，并解释说，由于路面滑，她的刹车反应较慢。A. refresh使恢复精力；B. recover恢复；C. repair修理；D. respond反应。根据此时发生了追尾事故的情境，以及上文“her brakes (刹车) had taken longer to”和下文“because of the slippery road”可知，女孩是解释事故发生的原因，指由于路面滑，她的刹车反应较慢。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几分钟后，一名警察出现，直接给这名女孩开了罚单，理由是“没有控制速度”，以及其他几项违规行为，这可能会导致她的驾照被吊销。A. turned up出现；B. sped by飞驰而过；C. stepped aside让开；D. showed off炫耀。根据此时发生了追尾事故的情境，以及下文“directly issued the girl a ticket for “failure to control speed”, and several other offenses”可知，警察出现了，直接给这名女孩开了罚单。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，一名警察出现，直接给这名女孩开了罚单，理由是“没有控制速度”，以及其他几项违规行为，这可能会导致她的驾照被吊销。A. limitation限制；B. cancellation取消；C. explanation解释；D. collection收集。根据上文“directly issued the girl a ticket for “failure to control speed”, and several other offenses”可推知，没有控制速度，以及其他几项违规行为导致的罚单可能会导致女孩的驾照被吊销。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我安慰她说这不是她的错，并答应帮助她。A. weakness弱点；B. effort努力；C. excuse借口；D. fault过错。根据下文“I also ____13____ the girl wasn’t to blame.”可知，作者认为这不是女孩的错，由此可知，他在安慰她说这不是她的错。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然不是必需的，我决定寻求正义。A. advice建议；B. freedom自由；C. cooperation合作；D. justice正义。根据下文“I recounted the incident ____12____, saying neither of us was speeding and that the road was exceptionally slippery.”可知，作者帮助了女孩，出庭作证，叙述了这件事的情况，由此可知，作者是决定寻求正义。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在法庭上见到我，那女孩显得很感激。A. proud自豪的；B. grateful感激的；C. pitiful可怜的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“I comforted her that it wasn’t her ____9____ and promised to help.”可知，作者答应过要帮助女孩，此时履行了自己的诺言，由此可知，女孩显得很感激。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我如实地叙述了这件事，说我们俩都没有超速，而且路特别滑。A. confidently自信地；B. subjectively主观地；C. truthfully如实地；D. impatiently不耐烦地。根据下文“When I finished speaking, the courtroom erupted into applause”可知，作者的叙述赢得了法庭的掌声，由此可知，作者应该是如实地叙述了这件事。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还强调，这不是那个女孩的错。A. appreciated欣赏；B. expected期望；C. stressed强调；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“saying neither of us was speeding and that the road was exceptionally slippery”可知，作者说自己和女孩都没有超速，而且路特别滑，再结合下文“the girl wasn’t to blame”可推知，作者又进一步强调这不是那个女孩的错。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我讲完后，法庭上爆发出热烈的掌声，法官称赞我履行了公民的义务。A. performing履行；B. transforming转变；C. remembering记得；D. accepting接受。根据上文“I recounted the incident ____12____, saying neither of us was speeding and that the road was exceptionally slippery. I also ____13____ the girl wasn’t to blame.”可知，作者出庭作证，陈述事情的经过，伸张正义，由此可知，法官称赞他履行了公民的义务。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过慎重考虑，他撤销了对那个女孩的指控。A. criticisms批评；B. charges指控；C. procedures程序；D. requirements要求。根据上文“directly issued the girl a ticket for “failure to control speed”, and several other offenses, which could have led to the ____8____ of her license”可知，女孩被开了罚单，理由是“没有控制速度”，以及其他几项违规行为，由此可知，法官是撤销了对女孩的指控。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 UNESCO on Wednesday inscribed Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in ___36___ (celebrate) of the traditional new year, on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The decision ____37____ (make) during the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. The committee recognized the festival for ____38____ (it) wide array of rituals (庆典) and unique cultural elements ____39____ engage all of Chinese society. UNESCO highlighted that the Spring Festival, ____40____ (mark) the start of the traditional Chinese Lunar New Year, ____41____ (involve) various social practices, including prayers for good fortune and family ____42____ (reunion). It also features activities ____43____ (plan) by elders and festive public events organized by communities. The committee emphasized that the festival represents the ____44____ (harmony) relationship between humans and nature and contributes ____45____ sustainable development in areas such as food security and education. It also plays a key role in raising environmental awareness. With this addition, China now has 44 cultural elements or practices recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 【答案】36. celebration 37. was made 38. its 39. that##which 40. marking 41. involves 42. reunions 43. planned 44. harmonious 45. to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了联合国教科文组织将中国春节列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录的决定。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：联合国教科文组织周三将春节——中国人民庆祝传统新年的社会实践——列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。介词in后接名词作宾语，celebrate的名词为celebration，意为“庆祝活动”，构成固定短语in celebration of，意为“为了庆祝……”。故填celebration。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一决定是在政府间保护非物质文化遗产委员会第十九届会议上作出的。空处缺少谓语，且主语The decision与make为被动关系，需用被动语态，根据时间状语during the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数，系动词用was。故填was made。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：委员会因其丰富多彩的仪式和独特的文化元素而认可了这个节日，这些元素吸引了整个中国社会。空处修饰名词array，需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：委员会因其丰富多彩的仪式和独特的文化元素而认可了这个节日，这些元素吸引了整个中国社会。空处引导定语从句，先行词为rituals and unique cultural elements，指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意联合国教科文组织强调，春节标志着中国传统农历新年的开始，涉及各种社会习俗，包括祈求好运和家庭团聚。分析句子结构，句中已有involve作谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，mark与逻辑主语Spring Festival之间为主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填marking。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国教科文组织强调，春节标志着中国传统农历新年的开始，涉及各种社会习俗，包括祈求好运和家庭团聚。分析句子结构，that从句中缺少谓语，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为Spring Festival，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填involves。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：联合国教科文组织强调，春节标志着中国传统农历新年的开始，涉及各种社会习俗，包括祈求好运和家庭团聚。family reunion意为“家庭团聚”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用名词复数形式。故填reunions。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它还包括老年人计划的活动和社区组织的节日公共活动。分析句子结构可知，此处已有谓语动词features，空处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，activities与plan之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填planned。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：委员会强调，该节日代表了人与自然之间的和谐关系，并为粮食安全和教育等领域的可持续发展做出了贡献。空处修饰名词relationship，需用形容词作定语。故填harmonious。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：委员会强调，该节日代表了人与自然之间的和谐关系，并为粮食安全和教育等领域的可持续发展做出了贡献。contribute to为固定短语，意为“为……做出贡献”。故填to。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack将要来你的家乡过寒假，希望你能给他推荐一项冰雪运动。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： (1) 推荐的运动； (2) 推荐的理由。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, I’m delighted to learn that you’ll be visiting Jilin during the winter vocation! As a native, I strongly suggest you give ice skating a try. Jilin boasts numerous indoor and outdoor skating rinks, making it an ideal destination for you to savor this activity. Ice skating is not only enjoyable but also helps maintain your vitality and warmth throughout the chilly winter season. Moreover, the picturesque landscapes of Jilin will undoubtedly enhance the memorability of your skating adventures. I trust you’ll have an excellent time in Jilin and relish the ice skating experience! Anticipating our meeting in the near future. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Jack写信，推荐一项冰雪运动，并阐述推荐理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：delighted → pleased 许多的：numerous → a number of 享受：savor → enjoy 活力：vitality → energy 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Jilin boasts numerous indoor and outdoor skating rinks. 拓展句：Jilin is proud of having numerous indoor and outdoor skating rinks, which attract a large number of skating enthusiasts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m delighted to learn that you’ll be visiting Jilin during the winter vocation! (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Jilin boasts numerous indoor and outdoor skating rinks, making it an ideal destination for you to savor this activity. (运用了现在分词短语作状语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Nameless Faces For about a year, my voyage to and from work each day included a ten-minute walk through the heart of downtown area. As with most large cities, the homeless population in my city often gathered on downtown corners, asking pedestrians for their spare change. Like many busy citizens, I had learned to ignore the nameless faces begging for money each day. My limited life experience had led me to one assumption — they were on the streets because they chose to be, probably due to alcohol or other similar things. But who would have thought that the first person to change the way I viewed humanity would be a completely stranger? My overall outlook on people took a 180-degree turn in less than ten minutes. I remember how particularly cold the weather had been that day. I saw one man sitting against a building, holding a white cup in front of him. His shaky voice reached out to me as I hurried past. “Spare some change?” he asked. “I would really appreciate it.” I didn’t even bother looking up at his nameless face. “Sorry, no money on me today,” I made a lie as usual quickly, my eyes fixed on the ground ahead. Just a few feet past him, I slipped on the icy pavement and fell hard. I lay there for several moments, stunned and wondering if I had broken my leg. “Are you all right?” A voice came from above me. I looked up and it was the man I had just rushed past, concern written on his face. He reached down, trying to offer help. “You should get that checked by a doctor. This bus goes past the hospital,” he said, pointing to the bus sign above me. I held his hand as I struggled to get to my feet. He held my arm as I hobbled to the nearby bus stop and quickly sat on the bench. A mix of emotions swelled within me — gratitude for his help, embarrassment for my earlier ignorance, and anxiety about getting to work on time. For a moment, I met his gaze, unsure of what to say. Then, a sudden realization crossed his face. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: “Ah, I forgot you didn’t have any money on you,” he said. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Seeing the bus approaching, I quickly took several bills out of my purse. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “Ah, I forgot you didn’t have any money on you,” he said. Almost immediately, I watched as he fished out some coins from his white cup, his eyes brimming with care and sincerity. I was overwhelmed with guilt as I remembered the lie I had just told him only a few short minutes earlier. The coins shone like diamonds of humanity among the concrete jungle of the city and a mirror that reflected my selflessness and ignorance. “Sorry, actually,” I said, finding my voice, “I do have money.” I turned away from his offering hand, reached for my purse, and pulled it out. Seeing the bus approaching, I quickly took several bills out of my purse. I offered the bills to him with genuine respect and humility. The words tasted bitter as I admitted my dishonesty. His eyes widened slightly, but he didn’t look angry. I could feel he was hesitating, and just then, the bus approached. I pressed the money into his hands. “I appreciate your help, more than you know. Please do take this,” I said sincerely. He helped me to stand up and said “Thank you”, the simplest words that humbled me like never before. With a final nod, I limped towards the bus stop. Despite his gratitude, I didn’t feel forgiven for my actions. These bills seemed too small a gift for the man who gave a name to every nameless face. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者每天上下班经过市中心，习惯忽略街上的无家可归者。一天，他在冰上滑倒，一位刚被他忽视的流浪汉伸出援手，关心地帮助他。这次经历让作者重新审视了对流浪汉和人性的看法。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“‘啊，我忘了你身上没带钱，’他说。”可知，第一段可以描写流浪汉想给作者钱以帮助作者的行动、作者的尬尴反应。 ②由第二段句首内容“看到公共汽车开过来，我赶紧从钱包里拿出几张钞票。”可知，第二段可以描写作者给流浪汉钱的场景和愧疚心情。 2.续写线索：流浪汉掏出一些硬币—道歉—拿出几张钞票—收到感谢—感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①取出一些硬币：fish out some coins/ take out some coins ②闪耀：shine/ sparkle ③反映：reflect/ mirror 情绪类 ①内疚：guilt/ compunction ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】Almost immediately, I watched as he fished out some coins from his white cup, his eyes brimming with care and sincerity. ( 运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】These bills seemed too small a gift for the man who gave a name to every nameless face. ( 运用了who引导的定语从句) 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the man suggest doing? A. Reading some comments. B. Making a reservation online. C. Cooking Indian food for dinner. 2. When did the man become a university student? A. Two years ago. B. Four years ago. C. Six years ago. 3. How is the weather now? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 4. Where are the speakers? A. At a shop. B. At a gym. C. At a school. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A designer. B. A houseboat. C. A cottage. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What made the woman fail to visit the website? A. The Wi-Fi network failure. B. The anti-virus software. C. The wrong password. 7. What did the woman just do? A. She read her emails. B. She set up a password. C. She watched a program online. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How many ingredients are needed to make French toast? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 9. Where will the speakers have breakfast? A. At home. B. At a breakfast shop. C. At a French restaurant. 10. What will the man have for breakfast? A. Tea and cake. B. Juice and a sandwich. C. Yogurt and French toast. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What attracted the man on the museum grounds? A. A sculpture. B. A painting. C. A statue. 12. What could participants do during the interactive activities? A. Make a painting. B. Meet the artists. C. Introduce works to visitors. 13. How might the woman feel about the exhibition? A. Surprised. B. Interested. C. Disappointed. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What does the man do? A. A teacher. B. A photographer. C. A travel agent. 15. How does the man make friends with the locals? A. He cooks delicious food for them. B. He tries to be sweet to them. C. He does the same as them. 16. What does the woman think of eating honey ants? A. Interesting. B. Impressive. C. Unbelievable. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the first course every week? A. Speaking skills. B. Grammar practice. C. Presentation skills. 18. At what time does the double lesson of speaking skills begin? A. 9:00. B. 9:45. C. 11:00. 19. When will students have the lesson of vocabulary development? A. On Tuesday morning. B. On Thursday morning. C. On Friday morning. 20. Where do students go after the course of writing skills? A. The library. B. The computer room. C. The language lab. 听力答案：1-5 ACCAB 6-10 BABBA 11-15 CABAC 16-20 CBCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年上学期东北师大附中英语试卷 高三年级第三次摸底考试 第一部分 听力(1-20小题)在笔试结束后进行。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Master Gardener Volunteers Wanted Why Become a Master Gardener? The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on! Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and by providing a safe food supply through home fruit and vegetable production. What Qualifications Must You Meet? Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener — you don’t need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to: ●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management. ●Be willing to share horticulture information with others. ●Be willing to attend a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education. Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer, each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with extension staff. What Does the Training Involve? Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10 hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year. 1. What does a Master Gardener do? A. Help promote the well-being of people. B. Train volunteers to help with gardening. C. Teach the young about cooking and farming. D. Increase the output of home fruit and vegetable. 2. What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener? A. Acquiring excellent teaching skills. B. Having some relevant knowledge. C. Completing given training sessions. D. Obtaining rich volunteer experience. 3. How long will it take to become a certified Master Gardener? A. A year. B. Three months. C. About 160 hours. D. About 120 hours. B Fifteen-year-old Sansa has been writing for eight years and has been working on a book for the past four. Feeling stuck and unable to write, she started searching for writing groups in Los Angeles, looking for guidance. When she found WriteGirl, she was inspired. Keren Taylor started WriteGirl in 2001 as a way to help teen girls who did not have access to creative writing programs. “Teen girls are incredibly vulnerable (脆弱的) and invisible,” Taylor said. “They really need to be lifted up and inspired.” At WriteGirl, 400 women writers volunteer to mentor (指导) 700 teenagers a year. Every girl who has gone through the mentorship program has gone to college and several have pursued careers as professional writers. Through the program, girls dive into poetry, fiction, songwriting, play and so on, learning techniques from professional women writers. This leads to well-rounded training and sets WriteGirl apart from other organizations. A typical exercise at WriteGirl is mic and rant, a 30-second session before writing for each girl. As a vehicle for teens to get their ideas out, it empowers girls to explore anything meaningful to them. “Not the flowery language, or rather, complicated expressions that sound skillful, but more of the natural, this is what I’m thinking and what I’m feeling.” Taylor said. Sansa’s mentor Danyella Wilder is attracted by the long-term nature of mentoring at WriteGirl. Wilder wishes she had a program like this herself when she was 15. “To just have an organization where people are spending their time just to tell you, ‘Hey, good job,’ or ‘That was amazing.’ You’re at the age where you need to hear that.” 4. Why did Sansa join WriteGirl? A. To gain a sense of belonging. B. To overcome her writing block. C. To release negative emotions. D. To become a professional writer. 5. What makes WriteGirl different from other organizations? A. It aims to produce professional writers. B. It turns teen girls into mentors. C. It exposes girls to varied writing styles. D. It ensures girls’ entry to college. 6. What does the “mic and rant” exercise in paragraph 4 refer to? A. A daily writing task. B. A recitation of poetry. C. A session for idea generation. D. A skillful expression activity. 7. What does Danyella Wilder imply in the last paragraph? A. Mentoring is a time-consuming process. B. Positive feedback is crucial for teen girls. C. Criticism at a young age can be harmful. D. Mentorship should be based on friendship. C What do you get when you paint a pair of eyes on a cow’s rump (臀部)? The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. The eyes painted on cows’ rumps can trick certain predators, such as lions and leopards. An experiment by Australia and Botswana compared how predators reacted to herds that had eye paintings on their rumps, ones that had “xs”, and some without any paintings at all. Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. Neil Jordan, a biologist in Australia, first came up with the method. While watching a lion hunting a deer, he noticed something interesting. “Lions usually move slowly and quietly to their prey, get close and jump on them. But when the deer noticed the lion and the lion realized it had been seen, it gave up on the hunt,” he said. Later, he worked with a local farmer to test his idea over a period of 10 weeks, and like the most recent results, all of the cows with painted eyes survived. Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. Therefore, further research should be done to prove whether it is effective. In spite of this, he’s still hoping that the “i-cow” will become a widely used technique to at least reduce predator’s attacks. “I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” 8. What is “i-cow” solution intended for? A. Protecting cows from being attacked. B. Leading predators to the farm. C. Training cows to notice predators. D. Recognizing cows quickly. 9. What do we know about the experiment in paragraph 2? A. Most of the unpainted cows were killed. B. The cows with “eyes” on the rump survived. C. A small number of cows with “xs” survived. D. More than twenty painted cows were killed. 10. What might be a cause of the “i-cow” solution’s failing to work? A. Predators perceive the tricks. B. Predators get close to the cows. C. There is more than one predator. D. The farmers lack basic painting skills. 11. Why does Dr. Jordan think that farmers will favor his method? A. It is a widely recognized approach. B. It follows their traditional practice. C. It is easy and cheap to carry out. D. It has proved the most effective. D Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more intrusive (侵入) in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (将……地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era. If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligences, they won’t need an atmosphere or even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars — that non-biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus ever more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future, closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species — ours — holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution, even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term — empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 12. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To respond to government’s decisions. B. To show scientists’ knowledge and skills. C. To highlight the challenges to scientists. D. To present a call for scientific advances. 13. What can be learned about AI according to this passage? A. It can put an end to climate change. B. It can make mass human emigration possible. C. It can cause potential risks from big companies. D. It can bring about the competition among nations. 14. Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with? A. Post-humans will repeat the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will destroy the universe. C. Fully artificial intelligences may inhabit outer space. D. Non-biological brains may invite unforeseen disasters. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Is it possible to predict the future? B. Could science and technology save us? C. Is it difficult to emigrate to outer space? D. Will artificial intelligence replace humans? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Vertical (垂直的) farming involves using vertically piled layers and other innovative resources to help your crops grow. ____16____ You get to grow your plants while using the small space at home. Below are some benefits of vertical farming for small house owners. Reduce water usage. Watering a vertical garden is easy, simple, and uses less water. If your plants are grown in a traditional way, you’ll need lots of water to keep up with your plants’ growth. ____17____ Save space. As a small, house owner, space is a big concern. However, vertical farming ensures that you can create a garden in your home and fully enjoy the experience. ____18____ So, if you aim to save space in your home and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect. ____19____ Vertical farming is mainly done indoors and entirely depends on you to provide the best conditions. With commitment, you can continuously ensure consistent food production despite the seasons. Cut down on chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will not require you to invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers to keep your plants alive. In addition, insects will not have easy access to your plants since you’ll be gardening in a controlled environment. ____20____ A. Increase food production. B. Produce food consistently. C. Having a garden means you need to work with the space available. D. It comes in handy without causing any inconvenience to your living arrangements. E. However, if you invest in vertical farming, your water usage will dramatically drop. F. So the food grown is organic and safe for consumption making it an excellent choice. G. It enables you to take full advantage of walls and spaces that would otherwise stay useless. 第三部分 语言知识运用 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 2017 when the accident occurred. That day it started to rain when I ____21____ to stop just inches from the car ahead. Before I sighed with ____22____, my car was hit hard from behind. ____23____, I was unharmed and stepped out to ____24____ the situation. The girl who had hit me was in tears. She ____25____ to me and explained that her brakes (刹车) had taken longer to ____26____ because of the slippery road. Minutes later, a policeman ____27____ and directly issued the girl a ticket for “failure to control speed”, and several other offenses, which could have led to the ____28____ of her license. The girl was extremely upset, but she was helpless against the result. I comforted her that it wasn’t her ____29____ and promised to help. Two weeks later, I received a notice to appear as a witness in the girl’s trial. Although it wasn’t required, I decided to seek _____30_____. Upon seeing me in court, the girl appeared quite _____31_____. I recounted the incident _____32_____, saying neither of us was speeding and that the road was exceptionally slippery. I also _____33_____ the girl wasn’t to blame. When I finished speaking, the courtroom erupted into applause, and the judge praised me for _____34_____ my citizen’s duty. After careful consideration, he dismissed the _____35_____ against the girl. I believe whoever encounters such a case would do the same. 21. A. managed B. hesitated C. failed D. refused 22. A. disappointment B. excitement C. regret D. relief 23. A. Hopefully B. Thankfully C. Strangely D. Importantly 24. A. improve B. clarify C. assess D. monitor 25. A. whispered B. mentioned C. apologized D. described 26. A. refresh B. recover C. repair D. respond 27. A. turned up B. sped by C. stepped aside D. showed off 28. A. limitation B. cancellation C. explanation D. collection 29. A. weakness B. effort C. excuse D. fault 30. A. advice B. freedom C. cooperation D. justice 31. A. proud B. grateful C. pitiful D. confused 32. A. confidently B. subjectively C. truthfully D. impatiently 33. A. appreciated B. expected C. stressed D. doubted 34. A. performing B. transforming C. remembering D. accepting 35. A. criticisms B. charges C. procedures D. requirements 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 UNESCO on Wednesday inscribed Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in ___36___ (celebrate) of the traditional new year, on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The decision ____37____ (make) during the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. The committee recognized the festival for ____38____ (it) wide array of rituals (庆典) and unique cultural elements ____39____ engage all of Chinese society. UNESCO highlighted that the Spring Festival, ____40____ (mark) the start of the traditional Chinese Lunar New Year, ____41____ (involve) various social practices, including prayers for good fortune and family ____42____ (reunion). It also features activities ____43____ (plan) by elders and festive public events organized by communities. The committee emphasized that the festival represents the ____44____ (harmony) relationship between humans and nature and contributes ____45____ sustainable development in areas such as food security and education. It also plays a key role in raising environmental awareness. With this addition, China now has 44 cultural elements or practices recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack将要来你的家乡过寒假，希望你能给他推荐一项冰雪运动。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： (1) 推荐的运动； (2) 推荐的理由。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Nameless Faces For about a year, my voyage to and from work each day included a ten-minute walk through the heart of downtown area. As with most large cities, the homeless population in my city often gathered on downtown corners, asking pedestrians for their spare change. Like many busy citizens, I had learned to ignore the nameless faces begging for money each day. My limited life experience had led me to one assumption — they were on the streets because they chose to be, probably due to alcohol or other similar things. But who would have thought that the first person to change the way I viewed humanity would be a completely stranger? My overall outlook on people took a 180-degree turn in less than ten minutes. I remember how particularly cold the weather had been that day. I saw one man sitting against a building, holding a white cup in front of him. His shaky voice reached out to me as I hurried past. “Spare some change?” he asked. “I would really appreciate it.” I didn’t even bother looking up at his nameless face. “Sorry, no money on me today,” I made a lie as usual quickly, my eyes fixed on the ground ahead. Just a few feet past him, I slipped on the icy pavement and fell hard. I lay there for several moments, stunned and wondering if I had broken my leg. “Are you all right?” A voice came from above me. I looked up and it was the man I had just rushed past, concern written on his face. He reached down, trying to offer help. “You should get that checked by a doctor. This bus goes past the hospital,” he said, pointing to the bus sign above me. I held his hand as I struggled to get to my feet. He held my arm as I hobbled to the nearby bus stop and quickly sat on the bench. A mix of emotions swelled within me — gratitude for his help, embarrassment for my earlier ignorance, and anxiety about getting to work on time. For a moment, I met his gaze, unsure of what to say. Then, a sudden realization crossed his face. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: “Ah, I forgot you didn’t have any money on you,” he said. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Seeing the bus approaching, I quickly took several bills out of my purse. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the man suggest doing? A. Reading some comments. B. Making a reservation online. C. Cooking Indian food for dinner. 2. When did the man become a university student? A. Two years ago. B. Four years ago. C. Six years ago. 3. How is the weather now? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 4. Where are the speakers? A. At a shop. B. At a gym. C. At a school. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A designer. B. A houseboat. C. A cottage. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What made the woman fail to visit the website? A. The Wi-Fi network failure. B. The anti-virus software. C. The wrong password. 7. What did the woman just do? A. She read her emails. B. She set up a password. C. She watched a program online. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How many ingredients are needed to make French toast? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 9. Where will the speakers have breakfast? A. At home. B. At a breakfast shop. C. At a French restaurant. 10. What will the man have for breakfast? A. Tea and cake. B. Juice and a sandwich. C. Yogurt and French toast. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What attracted the man on the museum grounds? A. A sculpture. B. A painting. C. A statue. 12. What could participants do during the interactive activities? A. Make a painting. B. Meet the artists. C. Introduce works to visitors. 13. How might the woman feel about the exhibition? A. Surprised. B. Interested. C. Disappointed. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What does the man do? A. A teacher. B. A photographer. C. A travel agent. 15. How does the man make friends with the locals? A. He cooks delicious food for them. B. He tries to be sweet to them. C. He does the same as them. 16. What does the woman think of eating honey ants? A. Interesting. B. Impressive. C. Unbelievable. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the first course every week? A. Speaking skills. B. Grammar practice. C. Presentation skills. 18. At what time does the double lesson of speaking skills begin? A. 9:00. B. 9:45. C. 11:00. 19. When will students have the lesson of vocabulary development? A. On Tuesday morning. B. On Thursday morning. C. On Friday morning. 20. Where do students go after the course of writing skills? A. The library. B. The computer room. C. The language lab. 听力答案：1-5 ACCAB 6-10 BABBA 11-15 CABAC 16-20 CBCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $