专题07 选择性必修第三册 unit1 知识讲解+重点题型练习 -【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（外研版2019）

专题07 Unit 1 知识讲解+重点题型练习（外研2019版选择性必修三） 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1. 预习Unit1重点单词、短语、句型 2. 预习Unit1课文 3. 巩固Unit1知识点 1. boost　v.促进，推动　n．增加；激励；推动力 【教材原句】 Each “like” boosts my confidence. 每一个“点赞”都增强了我的自信。 【拓展】 boost one's confidence　　　 增加某人的信心 a boost in... 在……方面的增加 a boost for... 对……的激励 get/receive a boost 受到鼓舞 【好句背默】 ①It did give us a boost to win such a big event. 赢得如此重大的一场比赛确实让我们士气大振。 ②Researches have shown that smiling can lower blood pressure, reduce stress and boost happiness. 研究表明，微笑可以降低血压，舒缓压力，增加幸福感。 ③Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 因此，他们可以工作更长时间，消费更多，并在总体上促进经济增长。 【经典练】 1 Getting the first place in the midterm exam is a boost ________ me. I will work even harder to get better grades in the final exam. 2 In order to make greater progress, we need a big win (boost) our confidence. ③ 得到那份工作使他信心倍增。 Getting that job did a lot ． 【答案】①for ②to boost ③to boost his confidence 2. lack　n.缺乏，缺少　v．缺乏，缺少；不足 【教材原句】 Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self­confidence and a desire for attention. 沉迷于在线修图表明缺乏自信并渴求关注。 【拓展】 (a) lack of...　　　　　 缺少…… no lack of 不缺乏…… for lack of... 因缺少…… lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少……；……不足 There is no lack of… 不乏…… 【好句背默】 1 Some students lack self-control, which reduces learning efficiency. 一些学生缺乏自制力，这降低了学习效率。 ②Some people refer all the troubles to bad luck instead of lack of ability. 有些人把自己所有的苦恼都归咎于运气不佳，而不认为是缺乏能力。 【经典练】 ①Lack self­confidence is the reason why he failed the job interview. ②More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities lack of space. ③A diet (lack) in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy. 【答案】①in ②for ③lacking 3. pretend　v.假装，装作 【教材原句】 People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. 假装成为别人的人往往会误判自己。 【拓展】 pretend 【好句背默】 ①So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading. 所以我随身带着一本书，每天晚上，为了像她一样，我都会假装在读书。 ②He would ask who we were and pretend not to know us. 他会问我们是谁，并且假装不认识我们。 【经典练】 ①The salesgirl pretended not (hear) me and went on chatting with a lady in blue. ②He decided to help me but I pretended (finish) my job already. ③他曾一直欺骗自己，假装一切都很好。 He had been lying to himself, ． 【答案】①to hear ②to have finished ③pretending that everything was fine 4. bother　v．(使)苦恼　n．麻烦；困难 【教材原句】 For a long time, this really bothered me. 在很长一段时间里，这着实困扰着我。 【拓展】 bother to do/doing sth.　 　 费心做某事 bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人 can’t be bothered to do sth. 不想费心去做某事，懒得做某事 It bothers sb. that/to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是…… have bother (in) doing sth. 做某事费力 【好句背默】 ①You are so busy that I do hope I haven't been a bother. 你那么忙，我真的希望我没有烦扰到你。 2 My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me. 我哥哥懒得和我一起玩。 【经典练】 Don't bother (look) for your umbrella, and it will turn up some day. We had quite a lot of bother (get) here because of the heavy fog. I don't want to bother her my problem when she is on holiday. 【答案】①to look/ looking ②getting ③about/ with 5. acknowledge　v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；认为；告知(收到)；确认；(公开)感谢 【教材原句】 What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，而且也使我们更快乐。 【拓展】 acknowledge doing sth.　　　　 承认做了某事 acknowledge sth./that... 承认…… acknowledge sb.as.../to be... 认为某人是……(常用于被动语态) It is widely/universally acknowledged that... 大家公认…… 【好句背默】 ①She is widely acknowledged as the best tennis player in the world. 她被公认为世界上最优秀的网球运动员。 ②I would like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family. 我要感谢我的家人给予我的所有帮助。 【经典练】 ①Generally (acknowledge) as the finest poet in the country, he still lives a low­profile life. ②He acknowledged (defeat) publicly by his friend in the game, which made us surprised. 【答案】①acknowledged ②being defeated 6. “that's why...”意为“那就是……的原因” 【教材原句】 That's why I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning. 那就是我永远无法理解我姐姐的原因，她有17支口红，然而每天早上都无法决定用哪一支。 【拓展】 句中的“That's why...”意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导的表语从句表示结果。 “that/this is because...”意为“那/这是因为……”，because引导的表语从句表示原因。 the reason why...is that...　……的原因是…… 【好句背默】 ①He was too careless. That's why he didn't pass the exam. 他太粗心了。那就是他没有通过考试的原因。 3 I met an old friend on the way. That's why I was late for work yesterday. 我在路上遇到了一位老朋友。那就是我昨天上班迟到的原因。 【经典练】 ①He was late this morning, and this was he stayed up late last night. ②He stayed up late last night, and this was he was late this morning. ③Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 【答案】①because ②why ③that/which 7. adjust to　 调整；调节 【教材原句】 Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to it. 但其全身上下散发着如此忧郁又如此温柔的气息，她渐渐地适应了。 【拓展】 adjust/adapt to sth./doing sth.　 适应于某事/做某事 adjust...to... 调整……以适应…… adjust oneself to... 使自己适应于…… adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应 make an adjustment 做出调整 【好句背默】 ①A child can easily adjust to changes in its environment. 儿童很容易适应环境的变化。 ②As can be seen from her sweet smile, she has adjusted to the life in the new family. 从她甜甜的微笑可以看出，她已经适应了在新家庭的生活。 【经典练】 ①____________(adjust) to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra­large skull. ②This kind of desk can (adjust) to the height you need. Besides, it's not expensive at all. 【答案】①Adjusting ②be adjusted 8. compare...to...　 把……和……相比较；把……比作…… 【教材原句】 When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am! 当我拿自己跟你比较的时候，我感觉自己特别可怜，我是一个可怜的不幸的怪物！ 【拓展】 compare A with B　　 把A和B相比较 be compared to 被比喻成 compared to/with... 和……相比(通常作状语) beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双 compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换意见 comparison n. 比较；对照；比喻 in comparison with... 与……相比 【好句背默】 ①Standards in health care have improved enormously compared to 40 years ago. 与40年前相比，卫生保健的水平得到了极大提高。 ②I regularly compare what I think to what others have thought. 我经常把自己的想法和别人的想法做比较。 【经典练】 ①Living in a town can't compare with living in the country in many aspects. ②The quality of our goods is far beyond compare. ③It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents (compare) with 16% in 1991. ④When (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 【答案】①with ②beyond ③compared ④comparing 9. attempt　vt.尝试；试图　n．尝试；试图；企图 【教材原句】 You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. 你忘记了一个晚上企图绑架你的那个不幸的人，这个人就是你在他受到惩罚时对他仁慈的人。 【拓展】 attempt at doing sth./to do sth.　 尝试/努力做某事 make an attempt at doing/to do sth. 尝试/努力做某事 at one's first attempt 某人第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth. 为了做某事 【好句背默】 1 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. 每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山。 ②My first attempt at making a speech in public was successful. 我第一次在公开场合发表演讲的尝试成功了。 【经典练】 ①Every year about 40，000 people attempt (climb) Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. ②Don't expect to pass the driving test the first attempt. After all, you've been learning to drive for only a couple of days. 【答案】①to climb ②at 10. never置于句首，句子用部分倒装 【教材原句】 Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment. 我从没有像现在这样觉得自己丑。 句中never置于句首，句子要部分倒装，把助动词have提到主语之前。 not、never、little、seldom、hardly、scarcely、neither、nor、at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no condition等含有否定意义的副词或介词短语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，把be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前面。 【好句背默】 ①Never have I heard of the funny story. 我从未听说过这个好笑的故事。 ②We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work. 我们听到笑话时会笑，却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。 【经典练】 ①Never before she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. ②At no time they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. ③她几乎没有时间听音乐，因为每天有那么多工作要做。 ________________________________________ because there is so much work to do every day.(倒装句) 【答案】①has ②did ③Hardly does she have time to listen to music 课文译文 It's all about ME! “Me”．It's a small word with big meaning, and that meaning is as individual to each of us as the way we look. Through interviews, I was able to discover what “me” means to other people, and how they have learnt to appreciate the beauty in themselves． Jade，24，accounting manager As a song in Ugly Betty puts it, “It's a pretty person's world”．I understand this more than most, as I have always been plain­looking. I'm a girl who'd love to look good. Well, who wouldn't? So, ever since I discovered selfie apps that could remove my freckles, enlarge my eyes and even slim my jawline, I have become addicted. I spend hours every day editing my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments. Each “like” boosts my confidence. Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but what I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone, so who cares? Dr Hart says： Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self­confidence and a desire for attention. However, the image Jade presents to obtain the praise of others is false. People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. Anthony, 21, college student I never really cared about my appearance. That's why I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning. I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and five identical shirts. When I first moved into my dormitory at college, this made my roommates quite confused as they saw me in the same clothes day after day. Last month they registered me for a TV programme, A New You. It felt bizarre at first. I didn't like being reviewed from head to toe. But I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover！For the first time in my life I saw myself as a handsome and well­presented young man. At that moment, I perceived that external beauty isn't totally worthless. It can be an expression of our personalities，helping us make a good and positive impression on others. Dr Hart says： It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked.It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence. Emma, 17, senior high school student Ever since I was little, I've been larger than other girls. For a long time, this really bothered me. People would stare at me because I was “big” and I hated the way I looked. My anxiety drove me to try every means possible to lose weight, including dieting and weight­loss pills, but this brought me nothing but pain and poor health. Everything changed when one day I came across the success story of a plus­size model，Tess Holliday. Although she's larger than most other models, she's really attractive and has the confidence to be herself—even in an industry full of beauty stereotypes. Her story changed my ideas about what it means to be beautiful. I realised that my health, mental and physical, is the most important thing. Now I exercise a couple of times a week but just to keep fit. I mean, isn't it better that I'm large and happy, instead of skinny and unhealthy? Dr Hart says： I completely agree with Emma—being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty with confidence. What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too！ 都是关于“我”！ “我”。这个小小的字蕴含着十分丰富的含义。对我们来说，这个意义就像我们的外表一样是因人而异的。通过采访，我发现“我”对其他人意味着什么，以及他们是如何学会欣赏自己的美的。 心理学家，哈特博士 杰德，24岁，会计经理 正如《丑女贝蒂》中的歌词所唱，“这是一个美丽的人的世界”。我比大多数人更明白这一点，因为我一直相貌平平。我是个很想打扮得漂亮的女孩。好吧，谁不想呢？所以，自从我发现自拍软件可以祛除我的雀斑，放大我的眼睛，甚至让我的下颌轮廓变得纤细时，我就上瘾了。我每天都要花好几个小时编辑我的自拍照，发布它们，并且上百次急切地查看手机里的评论。每一个“点赞”都增强了我的自信。爸爸认为我是个自恋狂，但我要说我的照片没有伤害任何人，所以谁在乎呢？ 哈特博士说： 沉迷于在线修图表明缺乏自信并渴求关注。然而，杰德为获得他人赞誉所呈现的形象是虚假的。假装成为别人的人往往会误判自己。 安东尼，21岁，大学生　　 我从不真正在乎自己的外表。那就是我永远无法理解我姐姐的原因，她有17支口红，然而每天早上都无法决定用哪一支。我以前只有五条一模一样的裤子和五件一模一样的衬衫。当我第一次搬进大学宿舍时，室友们每天都看到我穿着同样的衣服，这让他们很困惑。上个月，他们给我报名了一个电视节目《全新的你》。一开始(我)感觉很奇怪。我不喜欢被人从头到脚的审视。但是，一番收拾后，我对自己的良好形象感到惊讶！我人生中第一次看到自己成为一个英俊且风度翩翩的年轻人。那一刻，我意识到外在美并非一文不值。它可以表达我们的个性，帮助我们给他人留下良好且正面的印象。 哈特博士说： 内在美固然重要，但不能完全忽略外在美。它在我们给世人呈现的形象中发挥着作用，注重外表能给别人留下正面的第一印象并增强你的自信。 艾玛，17岁，高中生 从小我的体格就比其他女孩大。在很长一段时间里，这着实困扰着我。人们会盯着我看，因为我是“大块头”，我讨厌我的样子。我的焦虑使得我尝试一切可能的方法去减肥，包括节食和吃减肥药，但这给我带来的只有痛苦和不健康。有一天，当我偶然发现超大码模特泰斯·霍丽迪成功的故事时，一切都改变了。尽管她比其他大多数模特体格都要大，但她确实很有吸引力，甚至在这个对美充满刻板印象的行业里，都有做自己的自信。她的故事改变了我对美意味着什么的看法。我意识到我的身心健康是最重要的事情。现在我每周锻炼几次，但只是为了保持健康。我的意思是，我又壮硕又快乐，而不是又瘦又不健康，这不是更好吗？ 哈特博士说： 我完全赞同艾玛——健康是美丽的，我们应该自信地流露出那种美丽。我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，而且也使我们更快乐！ The Hunchback of Notre­Dame Published in 1831, The Hunchback of Notre­Dame tells a tragic story of events in Paris. Esmeralda's beauty means that many men fall in love with her. One such man sends the hunchback Quasimodo to kidnap Esmeralda. But Quasimodo fails and is captured and tortured in public. Esmeralda hears his call for water，and steps forwards out of mercy. She offers Quasimodo a drink of water, which saves him and also captures his heart. When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death for a crime she did not commit， Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside the Notre­Dame Cathedral. Esmeralda is safe from execution as long as she stays inside the cathedral... Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments, as they considered their predicament in silence， she so graceful，he so repulsive. Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo, as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back, from his hunched back to his single eye. How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension.Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to it. He was the first to break the silence. “So you were telling me to return？” She moved her head, and said, “Yes.” He understood the motion of the head. “But！” he said, as though hesitating whether to finish, “I am—I am deaf.” “Poor wretch！” exclaimed Esmeralda, with an expression of heartfelt compassion. He began to smile sadly. “You suppose that was all that I was missing, do you not？Yes, I am deaf, that is the way I am made. It is horrible, is it not, next to your exquisite beauty！” There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable. In any case, he would not have heard her. He continued： “Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment. When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am！Be honest, to you I must resemble some savage creature. You, you are a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew, a birdsong, whilst I am something terrible, neither human nor beast. I don't know what I am, as I am coarser, more downtrodden, and plainer than a pebble！” Then he began to laugh, and that laugh was the most heartbreaking sound in the world. He continued： “Yes, I am deaf, but you shall talk to me with your hands as my master talks to me, and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips, from your expression.” “Well！” she smiled, “Explain to me why you rescued me.” He watched her intently while she was speaking. “I understand，” he replied. “You ask me why I rescued you. You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. A drop of water and a little pity—that is more than I can repay with my life. You have forgotten that unfortunate soul, but he remembers it.” She listened to him with profound tenderness. A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo, but did not fall. He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay. (Adaptation from the Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo) 巴黎圣母院 《巴黎圣母院》出版于1831年，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨事件。埃斯梅拉达的美貌让许多男人爱上了她。有这样一个男人派驼背的卡西莫多去绑架埃斯梅拉达。但卡西莫多失败了，被抓了起来并当众遭受酷刑。埃斯梅拉达听到他要水喝，出于仁慈她走向前。她给了卡西莫多一杯水，这不仅救了他，还俘获了他的心。后来，当埃斯梅拉达因为莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多把她从圣母院大教堂外愤怒的人群中解救出来。埃斯梅拉达只要待在教堂里就能免于处决…… 埃斯梅拉达和卡西莫多静止了片刻，默默地考虑他们的困境，她那么优雅，他那么令人厌恶。她从他内扣的膝盖瞥到他的驼背，从他的驼背又瞥到他的独眼，每一刻埃斯梅拉达都能在卡西莫多身上发现新的缺陷。她无法理解，怎么会有人长成这样。但其全身上下散发着如此忧郁又如此温柔的气息，她渐渐地适应了。 他首先打破了沉默。“所以你要告诉我回来？” 她动了动头说：“是的。” 他看懂了头的动作，“但是！”他说，好像在犹豫是否要说完，“我是——我是聋的。” “可怜的家伙！”埃斯梅拉达喊道，流露出由衷的同情。 他开始苦笑。 “你以为那就是我缺失的全部，对吗？是的，我是聋的，我就是这样被创造的。它是可怕的，是不是，在你的国色天香面前！” 这个不幸的男人口中透露出如此强烈的悲伤意识，她连一个音节也没有力气说出来。无论如何，他都听不到她的话。他接着说： “我从没有像现在这样觉得自己丑。当我拿自己跟你比较的时候，我感觉自己特别可怜，我是一个可怜的不幸的怪物！老实说，对你来说，我一定像个野人。你，你是一缕阳光，一滴露珠，一声鸟鸣，而我是可怕的东西，不人不鬼。我不知道我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗糙，还要遭人践踏，还要普通！” 然后他开始大笑，那笑声是世界上最令人心碎的声音。他接着说： “是的，我是聋的，但是你可以借助你的双手像我的主人那样对我说话，然后我会从你嘴唇的动作、你的表情中快速知道你的想法。” “好吧！”她笑了，“向我解释你为什么救我。” 她说话时，他目不转睛地看着她。 “我明白，”他回答。“你问我为什么救你。你忘记了一个晚上企图绑架你的那个不幸的人，这个人就是你在他受到惩罚时对他仁慈的人。一滴水和一点点同情——这是我用生命都无法报答的。你已经忘记了那个不幸的灵魂，但他记得。” 　她深情地听他说着。一滴眼泪在卡西莫多的眼睛里转动，但没有掉下来。他似乎把抑制住它当作一种荣誉。(改编自维克多·雨果的《巴黎圣母院》) 一、单词拼写 根据括号里的汉语提示填写适当的单词。 1.The move is designed to (推动) sales during the peak booking months of January and February. 2．If you (假装) to know what you don't know, you'll only make a fool of yourself. 3．I have lots of things to deal with, don't (使苦恼) me with your problems. 4．These organizations have fought very hard for the rights and (福利) of immigrants. 5．She takes three or four (药片) a day to relieve anxiety. 6．Police have ruled out robbery as a (动机) for the killing. 7.He has developed a slight American (口音) since he moved to America. 8．It's forbidden to put up outsiders for the night in the (宿舍楼). 9．We have to be aware of what we do wrong, be (自我批评的), and calmly find the right solutions. 10．Her (积蓄) add up to more than 100，000 yuan now. 11．These (发现) are inconsistent with those of previous studies. 12．This was wholely beyond his (理解). 二、单句语法填空 1．__________(lack) confidence resulted in his failure in the job interview yesterday. 2．As many people do, you often pretend (do) work when actually you are just wasting time online. 3．At last, the boy had to acknowledge (steal) the money from his mother's pocket. 4．The famous movie star could hardly walk down the street without (bother). 5．Have the _________(confident) to know you will be successful and achieve what you've set out to do. 6. The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains __________(compare) with other animals. 7．Learning (motivate) includes goals, wishes, attitudes and efforts. 8．Make sure the rope is firmly attached before attempting (climb) down it. 9．Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to (live) in the mountainous village alone. 10．There was a puzzled (express) on his face when he heard the news. 三、完成句子 1．为了保持健康，我每天花半个小时做运动。(spend) To keep fit, I _______________________every day. 2．昨天他发烧了。那就是他没有出席会议的原因。(why) He had a fever yesterday. _________________________________ 3．诚然，他不怎么聪明，但却非常用功。(true) ______________________________, but he is very diligent. 4．普遍认为梅西是世界上最优秀的足球运动员之一。(acknowledge) _______________________________________ Messi is one of the best football players in the world. 5．众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一次。(非限制性定语从句) _________________________________, the moon travels around the earth once every month. 6．他们不会丧失再次尝试的勇气。(倒装句) _______________________ the courage to have another try. 7．随着时间的流逝，我逐渐明白了父亲的话。(with复合结构) _____________________________, I gradually understand my father's words. 8．很奇怪他会犯这种错。(it作形式主语) ________________________that he had made a mistake. 9．我们经常给孩子们提供玩具、足球或篮球，因为我们认为所有的孩子都喜欢这些东西。(分词短语作状语) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, __________________________________． 10．如果你把她的工作与他的工作相比，你会发现她的工作好得多。(compare) ____________________________, hers is much better. 【答案】 1、 单词拼写 1. boost 2. pretend 3. bother 4. welfare 5. pills 6. motive 7. accent 8. dormitory 9.self-critical 10. savings 11. findings 12. comprehension 二、单句语法填空 1. Lacking 2. to be doing 3. stealing 4. being bothered 5. confidence 6. compared 7. motivation 8. to climb 9. living 10. expression 三、完成句子 1. spend half an hour (in) doing sports 2. That's why he didn't attend the meeting. 3. It’s true that he is no clever 4. It is widely/universally acknowledged that 5. As is known to everybody 6. Never will/ do they give up 7. With time going by 8. It was strange that 9. thinking that all children like these things 10. Compared to/with his work 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 Unit 1 知识讲解+重点题型练习（外研2019版选择性必修三） 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1. 预习Unit1重点单词、短语、句型 2. 预习Unit1课文 3. 巩固Unit1知识点 1. boost　v.促进，推动　n．增加；激励；推动力 【教材原句】 Each “like” boosts my confidence. 每一个“点赞”都增强了我的自信。 【拓展】 boost one's confidence　　　 增加某人的信心 a boost in... 在……方面的增加 a boost for... 对……的激励 get/receive a boost 受到鼓舞 【好句背默】 ①It did give us a boost to win such a big event. 赢得如此重大的一场比赛确实让我们士气大振。 ②Researches have shown that smiling can lower blood pressure, reduce stress and boost happiness. 研究表明，微笑可以降低血压，舒缓压力，增加幸福感。 ③Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 因此，他们可以工作更长时间，消费更多，并在总体上促进经济增长。 【经典练】 1 Getting the first place in the midterm exam is a boost ________ me. I will work even harder to get better grades in the final exam. 2 In order to make greater progress, we need a big win (boost) our confidence. ③ 得到那份工作使他信心倍增。 Getting that job did a lot ． 2. lack　n.缺乏，缺少　v．缺乏，缺少；不足 【教材原句】 Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self­confidence and a desire for attention. 沉迷于在线修图表明缺乏自信并渴求关注。 【拓展】 (a) lack of...　　　　　 缺少…… no lack of 不缺乏…… for lack of... 因缺少…… lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少……；……不足 There is no lack of… 不乏…… 【好句背默】 1 Some students lack self-control, which reduces learning efficiency. 一些学生缺乏自制力，这降低了学习效率。 ②Some people refer all the troubles to bad luck instead of lack of ability. 有些人把自己所有的苦恼都归咎于运气不佳，而不认为是缺乏能力。 【经典练】 ①Lack self­confidence is the reason why he failed the job interview. ②More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities lack of space. ③A diet (lack) in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy. 3. pretend　v.假装，装作 【教材原句】 People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. 假装成为别人的人往往会误判自己。 【拓展】 pretend 【好句背默】 ①So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading. 所以我随身带着一本书，每天晚上，为了像她一样，我都会假装在读书。 ②He would ask who we were and pretend not to know us. 他会问我们是谁，并且假装不认识我们。 【经典练】 ①The salesgirl pretended not (hear) me and went on chatting with a lady in blue. ②He decided to help me but I pretended (finish) my job already. ③他曾一直欺骗自己，假装一切都很好。 He had been lying to himself, ． 4. bother　v．(使)苦恼　n．麻烦；困难 【教材原句】 For a long time, this really bothered me. 在很长一段时间里，这着实困扰着我。 【拓展】 bother to do/doing sth.　 　 费心做某事 bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人 can’t be bothered to do sth. 不想费心去做某事，懒得做某事 It bothers sb. that/to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是…… have bother (in) doing sth. 做某事费力 【好句背默】 ①You are so busy that I do hope I haven't been a bother. 你那么忙，我真的希望我没有烦扰到你。 2 My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me. 我哥哥懒得和我一起玩。 【经典练】 Don't bother (look) for your umbrella, and it will turn up some day. We had quite a lot of bother (get) here because of the heavy fog. I don't want to bother her my problem when she is on holiday. 5. acknowledge　v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；认为；告知(收到)；确认；(公开)感谢 【教材原句】 What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，而且也使我们更快乐。 【拓展】 acknowledge doing sth.　　　　 承认做了某事 acknowledge sth./that... 承认…… acknowledge sb.as.../to be... 认为某人是……(常用于被动语态) It is widely/universally acknowledged that... 大家公认…… 【好句背默】 ①She is widely acknowledged as the best tennis player in the world. 她被公认为世界上最优秀的网球运动员。 ②I would like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family. 我要感谢我的家人给予我的所有帮助。 【经典练】 ①Generally (acknowledge) as the finest poet in the country, he still lives a low­profile life. ②He acknowledged (defeat) publicly by his friend in the game, which made us surprised. 6. “that's why...”意为“那就是……的原因” 【教材原句】 That's why I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning. 那就是我永远无法理解我姐姐的原因，她有17支口红，然而每天早上都无法决定用哪一支。 【拓展】 句中的“That's why...”意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导的表语从句表示结果。 “that/this is because...”意为“那/这是因为……”，because引导的表语从句表示原因。 the reason why...is that...　……的原因是…… 【好句背默】 ①He was too careless. That's why he didn't pass the exam. 他太粗心了。那就是他没有通过考试的原因。 3 I met an old friend on the way. That's why I was late for work yesterday. 我在路上遇到了一位老朋友。那就是我昨天上班迟到的原因。 【经典练】 ①He was late this morning, and this was he stayed up late last night. ②He stayed up late last night, and this was he was late this morning. ③Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 7. adjust to　 调整；调节 【教材原句】 Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to it. 但其全身上下散发着如此忧郁又如此温柔的气息，她渐渐地适应了。 【拓展】 adjust/adapt to sth./doing sth.　 适应于某事/做某事 adjust...to... 调整……以适应…… adjust oneself to... 使自己适应于…… adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应 make an adjustment 做出调整 【好句背默】 ①A child can easily adjust to changes in its environment. 儿童很容易适应环境的变化。 ②As can be seen from her sweet smile, she has adjusted to the life in the new family. 从她甜甜的微笑可以看出，她已经适应了在新家庭的生活。 【经典练】 ①____________(adjust) to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra­large skull. ②This kind of desk can (adjust) to the height you need. Besides, it's not expensive at all. 8. compare...to...　 把……和……相比较；把……比作…… 【教材原句】 When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am! 当我拿自己跟你比较的时候，我感觉自己特别可怜，我是一个可怜的不幸的怪物！ 【拓展】 compare A with B　　 把A和B相比较 be compared to 被比喻成 compared to/with... 和……相比(通常作状语) beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双 compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换意见 comparison n. 比较；对照；比喻 in comparison with... 与……相比 【好句背默】 ①Standards in health care have improved enormously compared to 40 years ago. 与40年前相比，卫生保健的水平得到了极大提高。 ②I regularly compare what I think to what others have thought. 我经常把自己的想法和别人的想法做比较。 【经典练】 ①Living in a town can't compare with living in the country in many aspects. ②The quality of our goods is far beyond compare. ③It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents (compare) with 16% in 1991. ④When (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 9. attempt　vt.尝试；试图　n．尝试；试图；企图 【教材原句】 You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. 你忘记了一个晚上企图绑架你的那个不幸的人，这个人就是你在他受到惩罚时对他仁慈的人。 【拓展】 attempt at doing sth./to do sth.　 尝试/努力做某事 make an attempt at doing/to do sth. 尝试/努力做某事 at one's first attempt 某人第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth. 为了做某事 【好句背默】 1 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. 每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山。 ②My first attempt at making a speech in public was successful. 我第一次在公开场合发表演讲的尝试成功了。 【经典练】 ①Every year about 40，000 people attempt (climb) Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. ②Don't expect to pass the driving test the first attempt. After all, you've been learning to drive for only a couple of days. 10. never置于句首，句子用部分倒装 【教材原句】 Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment. 我从没有像现在这样觉得自己丑。 句中never置于句首，句子要部分倒装，把助动词have提到主语之前。 not、never、little、seldom、hardly、scarcely、neither、nor、at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no condition等含有否定意义的副词或介词短语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，把be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前面。 【好句背默】 ①Never have I heard of the funny story. 我从未听说过这个好笑的故事。 ②We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work. 我们听到笑话时会笑，却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。 【经典练】 ①Never before she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. ②At no time they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. ③她几乎没有时间听音乐，因为每天有那么多工作要做。 ________________________________________ because there is so much work to do every day.(倒装句) 课文译文 It's all about ME! “Me”．It's a small word with big meaning, and that meaning is as individual to each of us as the way we look. Through interviews, I was able to discover what “me” means to other people, and how they have learnt to appreciate the beauty in themselves． Jade，24，accounting manager As a song in Ugly Betty puts it, “It's a pretty person's world”．I understand this more than most, as I have always been plain­looking. I'm a girl who'd love to look good. Well, who wouldn't? So, ever since I discovered selfie apps that could remove my freckles, enlarge my eyes and even slim my jawline, I have become addicted. I spend hours every day editing my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments. Each “like” boosts my confidence. Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but what I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone, so who cares? Dr Hart says： Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self­confidence and a desire for attention. However, the image Jade presents to obtain the praise of others is false. People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. Anthony, 21, college student I never really cared about my appearance. That's why I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning. I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and five identical shirts. When I first moved into my dormitory at college, this made my roommates quite confused as they saw me in the same clothes day after day. Last month they registered me for a TV programme, A New You. It felt bizarre at first. I didn't like being reviewed from head to toe. But I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover！For the first time in my life I saw myself as a handsome and well­presented young man. At that moment, I perceived that external beauty isn't totally worthless. It can be an expression of our personalities，helping us make a good and positive impression on others. Dr Hart says： It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked.It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence. Emma, 17, senior high school student Ever since I was little, I've been larger than other girls. For a long time, this really bothered me. People would stare at me because I was “big” and I hated the way I looked. My anxiety drove me to try every means possible to lose weight, including dieting and weight­loss pills, but this brought me nothing but pain and poor health. Everything changed when one day I came across the success story of a plus­size model，Tess Holliday. Although she's larger than most other models, she's really attractive and has the confidence to be herself—even in an industry full of beauty stereotypes. Her story changed my ideas about what it means to be beautiful. I realised that my health, mental and physical, is the most important thing. Now I exercise a couple of times a week but just to keep fit. I mean, isn't it better that I'm large and happy, instead of skinny and unhealthy? Dr Hart says： I completely agree with Emma—being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty with confidence. What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too！ 都是关于“我”！ “我”。这个小小的字蕴含着十分丰富的含义。对我们来说，这个意义就像我们的外表一样是因人而异的。通过采访，我发现“我”对其他人意味着什么，以及他们是如何学会欣赏自己的美的。 心理学家，哈特博士 杰德，24岁，会计经理 正如《丑女贝蒂》中的歌词所唱，“这是一个美丽的人的世界”。我比大多数人更明白这一点，因为我一直相貌平平。我是个很想打扮得漂亮的女孩。好吧，谁不想呢？所以，自从我发现自拍软件可以祛除我的雀斑，放大我的眼睛，甚至让我的下颌轮廓变得纤细时，我就上瘾了。我每天都要花好几个小时编辑我的自拍照，发布它们，并且上百次急切地查看手机里的评论。每一个“点赞”都增强了我的自信。爸爸认为我是个自恋狂，但我要说我的照片没有伤害任何人，所以谁在乎呢？ 哈特博士说： 沉迷于在线修图表明缺乏自信并渴求关注。然而，杰德为获得他人赞誉所呈现的形象是虚假的。假装成为别人的人往往会误判自己。 安东尼，21岁，大学生　　 我从不真正在乎自己的外表。那就是我永远无法理解我姐姐的原因，她有17支口红，然而每天早上都无法决定用哪一支。我以前只有五条一模一样的裤子和五件一模一样的衬衫。当我第一次搬进大学宿舍时，室友们每天都看到我穿着同样的衣服，这让他们很困惑。上个月，他们给我报名了一个电视节目《全新的你》。一开始(我)感觉很奇怪。我不喜欢被人从头到脚的审视。但是，一番收拾后，我对自己的良好形象感到惊讶！我人生中第一次看到自己成为一个英俊且风度翩翩的年轻人。那一刻，我意识到外在美并非一文不值。它可以表达我们的个性，帮助我们给他人留下良好且正面的印象。 哈特博士说： 内在美固然重要，但不能完全忽略外在美。它在我们给世人呈现的形象中发挥着作用，注重外表能给别人留下正面的第一印象并增强你的自信。 艾玛，17岁，高中生 从小我的体格就比其他女孩大。在很长一段时间里，这着实困扰着我。人们会盯着我看，因为我是“大块头”，我讨厌我的样子。我的焦虑使得我尝试一切可能的方法去减肥，包括节食和吃减肥药，但这给我带来的只有痛苦和不健康。有一天，当我偶然发现超大码模特泰斯·霍丽迪成功的故事时，一切都改变了。尽管她比其他大多数模特体格都要大，但她确实很有吸引力，甚至在这个对美充满刻板印象的行业里，都有做自己的自信。她的故事改变了我对美意味着什么的看法。我意识到我的身心健康是最重要的事情。现在我每周锻炼几次，但只是为了保持健康。我的意思是，我又壮硕又快乐，而不是又瘦又不健康，这不是更好吗？ 哈特博士说： 我完全赞同艾玛——健康是美丽的，我们应该自信地流露出那种美丽。我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，而且也使我们更快乐！ The Hunchback of Notre­Dame Published in 1831, The Hunchback of Notre­Dame tells a tragic story of events in Paris. Esmeralda's beauty means that many men fall in love with her. One such man sends the hunchback Quasimodo to kidnap Esmeralda. But Quasimodo fails and is captured and tortured in public. Esmeralda hears his call for water，and steps forwards out of mercy. She offers Quasimodo a drink of water, which saves him and also captures his heart. When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death for a crime she did not commit， Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside the Notre­Dame Cathedral. Esmeralda is safe from execution as long as she stays inside the cathedral... Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments, as they considered their predicament in silence， she so graceful，he so repulsive. Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo, as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back, from his hunched back to his single eye. How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension.Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to it. He was the first to break the silence. “So you were telling me to return？” She moved her head, and said, “Yes.” He understood the motion of the head. “But！” he said, as though hesitating whether to finish, “I am—I am deaf.” “Poor wretch！” exclaimed Esmeralda, with an expression of heartfelt compassion. He began to smile sadly. “You suppose that was all that I was missing, do you not？Yes, I am deaf, that is the way I am made. It is horrible, is it not, next to your exquisite beauty！” There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable. In any case, he would not have heard her. He continued： “Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment. When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am！Be honest, to you I must resemble some savage creature. You, you are a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew, a birdsong, whilst I am something terrible, neither human nor beast. I don't know what I am, as I am coarser, more downtrodden, and plainer than a pebble！” Then he began to laugh, and that laugh was the most heartbreaking sound in the world. He continued： “Yes, I am deaf, but you shall talk to me with your hands as my master talks to me, and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips, from your expression.” “Well！” she smiled, “Explain to me why you rescued me.” He watched her intently while she was speaking. “I understand，” he replied. “You ask me why I rescued you. You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. A drop of water and a little pity—that is more than I can repay with my life. You have forgotten that unfortunate soul, but he remembers it.” She listened to him with profound tenderness. A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo, but did not fall. He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay. (Adaptation from the Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo) 巴黎圣母院 《巴黎圣母院》出版于1831年，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨事件。埃斯梅拉达的美貌让许多男人爱上了她。有这样一个男人派驼背的卡西莫多去绑架埃斯梅拉达。但卡西莫多失败了，被抓了起来并当众遭受酷刑。埃斯梅拉达听到他要水喝，出于仁慈她走向前。她给了卡西莫多一杯水，这不仅救了他，还俘获了他的心。后来，当埃斯梅拉达因为莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多把她从圣母院大教堂外愤怒的人群中解救出来。埃斯梅拉达只要待在教堂里就能免于处决…… 埃斯梅拉达和卡西莫多静止了片刻，默默地考虑他们的困境，她那么优雅，他那么令人厌恶。她从他内扣的膝盖瞥到他的驼背，从他的驼背又瞥到他的独眼，每一刻埃斯梅拉达都能在卡西莫多身上发现新的缺陷。她无法理解，怎么会有人长成这样。但其全身上下散发着如此忧郁又如此温柔的气息，她渐渐地适应了。 他首先打破了沉默。“所以你要告诉我回来？” 她动了动头说：“是的。” 他看懂了头的动作，“但是！”他说，好像在犹豫是否要说完，“我是——我是聋的。” “可怜的家伙！”埃斯梅拉达喊道，流露出由衷的同情。 他开始苦笑。 “你以为那就是我缺失的全部，对吗？是的，我是聋的，我就是这样被创造的。它是可怕的，是不是，在你的国色天香面前！” 这个不幸的男人口中透露出如此强烈的悲伤意识，她连一个音节也没有力气说出来。无论如何，他都听不到她的话。他接着说： “我从没有像现在这样觉得自己丑。当我拿自己跟你比较的时候，我感觉自己特别可怜，我是一个可怜的不幸的怪物！老实说，对你来说，我一定像个野人。你，你是一缕阳光，一滴露珠，一声鸟鸣，而我是可怕的东西，不人不鬼。我不知道我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗糙，还要遭人践踏，还要普通！” 然后他开始大笑，那笑声是世界上最令人心碎的声音。他接着说： “是的，我是聋的，但是你可以借助你的双手像我的主人那样对我说话，然后我会从你嘴唇的动作、你的表情中快速知道你的想法。” “好吧！”她笑了，“向我解释你为什么救我。” 她说话时，他目不转睛地看着她。 “我明白，”他回答。“你问我为什么救你。你忘记了一个晚上企图绑架你的那个不幸的人，这个人就是你在他受到惩罚时对他仁慈的人。一滴水和一点点同情——这是我用生命都无法报答的。你已经忘记了那个不幸的灵魂，但他记得。” 　她深情地听他说着。一滴眼泪在卡西莫多的眼睛里转动，但没有掉下来。他似乎把抑制住它当作一种荣誉。(改编自维克多·雨果的《巴黎圣母院》) 一、单词拼写 根据括号里的汉语提示填写适当的单词。 1.The move is designed to (推动) sales during the peak booking months of January and February. 2．If you (假装) to know what you don't know, you'll only make a fool of yourself. 3．I have lots of things to deal with, don't (使苦恼) me with your problems. 4．These organizations have fought very hard for the rights and (福利) of immigrants. 5．She takes three or four (药片) a day to relieve anxiety. 6．Police have ruled out robbery as a (动机) for the killing. 7.He has developed a slight American (口音) since he moved to America. 8．It's forbidden to put up outsiders for the night in the (宿舍楼). 9．We have to be aware of what we do wrong, be (自我批评的), and calmly find the right solutions. 10．Her (积蓄) add up to more than 100，000 yuan now. 11．These (发现) are inconsistent with those of previous studies. 12．This was wholely beyond his (理解). 二、单句语法填空 1．__________(lack) confidence resulted in his failure in the job interview yesterday. 2．As many people do, you often pretend (do) work when actually you are just wasting time online. 3．At last, the boy had to acknowledge (steal) the money from his mother's pocket. 4．The famous movie star could hardly walk down the street without (bother). 5．Have the _________(confident) to know you will be successful and achieve what you've set out to do. 6. The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains __________(compare) with other animals. 7．Learning (motivate) includes goals, wishes, attitudes and efforts. 8．Make sure the rope is firmly attached before attempting (climb) down it. 9．Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to (live) in the mountainous village alone. 10．There was a puzzled (express) on his face when he heard the news. 三、完成句子 1．为了保持健康，我每天花半个小时做运动。(spend) To keep fit, I _______________________every day. 2．昨天他发烧了。那就是他没有出席会议的原因。(why) He had a fever yesterday. _________________________________ 3．诚然，他不怎么聪明，但却非常用功。(true) ______________________________, but he is very diligent. 4．普遍认为梅西是世界上最优秀的足球运动员之一。(acknowledge) _______________________________________ Messi is one of the best football players in the world. 5．众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一次。(非限制性定语从句) _________________________________, the moon travels around the earth once every month. 6．他们不会丧失再次尝试的勇气。(倒装句) _______________________ the courage to have another try. 7．随着时间的流逝，我逐渐明白了父亲的话。(with复合结构) _____________________________, I gradually understand my father's words. 8．很奇怪他会犯这种错。(it作形式主语) ________________________that he had made a mistake. 9．我们经常给孩子们提供玩具、足球或篮球，因为我们认为所有的孩子都喜欢这些东西。(分词短语作状语) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, __________________________________． 10．如果你把她的工作与他的工作相比，你会发现她的工作好得多。(compare) ____________________________, hers is much better. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$