专题04 核心教材词汇检测小卷（人教版2019选择性必修一）-2025年高考英语词汇&语法限时检测小卷

专题04核心教材词汇检测小卷（选择性必修一） （满分90分）（时间50分钟） 一、词性转换（共26个小题，每题1分） 1． vt. 作曲→ n. 作曲家 2． v. (使)融合，(使)结合，(使)混合；兼作；合并→ n n. (使)融合，(使)结合，(使)混合；兼作；合并 3． v. 围绕着→ adj. 周围的→ n. 周围；环境 4． vt. 改编→ adj. 适应能力非常强的→ n. 改编本，改写本；适应 5． v. 保护，防御；辩白 → n. 保护 6． n. 评论→ adj. 非凡的， 奇异的，显著的， 引人注目的→ adv. 显著地 7． n. 天赋，才能→ adj. 有才华的，有天赋的 8． v. 预测，预言→ n. 预测，预言 9． vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→ adj. 令人沮丧的→ adj. 感到沮丧的→ n. 抑郁症 10． vt. 具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→ n. 财产 11． n. 容易，轻易；舒适，安逸→ adj. 容易的 12． adj. 平凡的→ adj. 不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的 13． adj. 绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的 → adv. 绝望；不惜冒险；极其需要；极严重 【答案】 1． compose composer 2． combine combination 3． surround surrounding surroundings 4． adapt adaptable adaptation 5． defend defense 6． remark remarkable remarkably 7． gift gifted 8． predict prediction 9． depress depressing depressed depression 10． possess possession 11． ease easy 12． ordinary extraordinary 13． desperate desperately 【解析】1．动词“作曲”表达为compose，名词“作曲家”表达为composer，故填compose，composer。 2．动词“(使)融合，(使)结合，(使)混合；兼作；合并”表达为combine，名词“(使)融合，(使)结合，(使)混合；兼作；合并”表达为combination，故填combine，combination。 3．动词“围绕着”表达为surround，形容词“周围的”表达为surrounding，名词“周围; 环境”表达为surroundings，故填surround，surrounding，surroundings。 4．动词“改编”表达为adapt，形容词“适应能力非常强的”表达为adaptable，名词“改编本， 改写本；适应”表达为adaptation，故填adapt，adaptable，adaptation。 5．动词“保护， 防御；辩白”表达为defend，名词“保护”表达为defense，故填defend，defense。 6．名词“评论”表达为remark，形容词“非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的”表达为remarkable，副词“显著地”表达为remarkably，故填remark，remarkable，remarkably。 7．名词“天赋，才能”表达为gift，形容词“有才华的， 有天赋的”表达为gifted，故填gift，gifted。 8．动词“预测，预言”表达为predict，名词“预测， 预言”表达为prediction，故填predict，predictionr。 9．动词“使抑郁， 使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气”表达为depress，形容词“令人沮丧的”表达为depressing，形容词“感到沮丧的”表达为depressed，名词“抑郁症”表达为depression，故填depress，depressing，depressed，depression。 10．动词“具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制”表达为possess，名词“财产”表达为possession，故填possess，possession。 11．名词“容易，轻易；舒适，安逸”表达为ease，形容词“容易的”表达为easy，故填ease，easy。 12．形容词“平凡的”表达为ordinary，形容词“不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的”表达为extraordinary，故填ordinary，extraordinary。 13．形容词“绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的 ”表达为desperate，副词“绝望；不惜冒险；极其需要；极严重”表达为desperately，故填desperate，desperately。 14． adv.主要地，一般地 → adj. 大部分的，多数的；最多的 adv.最；非常，极其 15． n.解放，摆脱→ vt. 解放；放出；释放 16． adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→ vt. 反对；对抗，抗争；vi.反对→ adj.相反的；对面的；对立的 17． vt.运用，使用，雇用→ n.使用；职业；雇用→ n.雇员；从业员工→ n.雇主，老板 18． adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 → adj. 实际的；真实的；实在的→ adv. 实际上，事实上；真正地，真实地→ n. 现实；实际；真实 19． adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 → adj. 值…… n. 价值；财产 20． vt.整理，布置；安排 → n.布置，整理；安排 21． adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的 → n.野心，雄心；抱负，志向 22． n.检查，查看，审视，视察→ vt. & vi. 检查；视察→ n.检查员；检阅官 23． vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 → n. 暴露；曝光；揭露；陈列 24． adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的 → n.政治，政治学 25． n.展览，展出→ vt. 展览；显示；提出 26． adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的；好的 → adv.很少地；难得 【答案】 14． mostly most 15． liberation liberate 16． opposed oppose opposite 17． employ employment employee employer 18． realistic real really reality 19． worthy worth 20． arrange arrangement 21． ambitious ambition 22． inspection inspect inspector 23． expose exposure 24． political politics 25． exhibition exhibit 26． rare rarely 【解析】14．副词“主要地，一般地”，在英文中翻译为mostly，其形容词“大部分的，多数的；最多的”和副词“最；非常，极其为”是most，故空1填mostly；空2 填most。 15．名词“解放，摆脱”，在英文中翻译为liberation，其及物动词“解放；放出；释放”是liberate，故空1填liberation；空2 填liberate。 16．形容词“截然不同的；强烈反对的”，在英文中翻译为opposed，其及物动词“反对；对抗，抗争”和不及物动词“反对”是oppose，其形容词“相反的；对面的；对立的”是opposite，故空1填opposed；空2 填oppose；空3填opposite。 17．及物动词“运用，使用，雇用”，在英文中翻译为employ，其名词“使用；职业；雇用”为employment，其名词“雇员；从业员工”是employee，其名词“雇主，老板”是employer，故空1填employ；空2 填employment；空3填employee；空4填employer。 18．形容词“逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的”，在英文中翻译为realistic，其形容词“实际的；真实的；实在的”为real，其副词“实际上，事实上；真正地，真实地”是really，其名词“现实；实际；真实”是reality，故空1填realistic；空2 填real；空3填really；空4填reality。 19．形容词“值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的”，在英文中翻译为worthy，其形容词“值……”和名词“价值；财产”是worth，故空1填worthy；空2 填worth。 20．及物动词“整理，布置；安排”，在英文中翻译为arrange，其名词“布置，整理；安排”是arrangement，故空1填arrange；空2 填arrangement。 21．形容词“宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的”，在英文中翻译为ambitious，其名词“野心，雄心；抱负，志向”是ambition，故空填ambitious；空2 填ambition。 22．名词“检查，查看，审视，视察”，在英文中翻译为inspection，其及物和不及物动词“检查；视察”是inspect，其名词“检查员；检阅官”是inspector，故空1填inspection；空2 填inspect；空3填inspector。 23．及物动词“揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触”，在英文中翻译为expose，其名词“暴露；曝光；揭露；陈列”是exposure，故空1填expose；空2 填exposure。 24．形容词“政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的”，在英文中翻译为political，其名词“政治，政治学”和副词“最；非常，极其为”是politics，故空1填political；空2 填politics。 25．名词“展览，展出”，在英文中翻译为exhibition，其及物动词“展览；显示；提出”是exhibit，故空1填exhibition；空2 填exhibit。 26．形容词“稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的；好的”，在英文中翻译为rare，其副词“很少地；难得”是rarely，故空1填rare；空2 填rarely。 二、选词填空（共20个小题，每题1分） 根据句意，选择短语并以其适当形式填空。注意：有两个短语多余。 throw oneself into  in turn  run out of  at large  set up  be lost in  do the trick  refer to  hit the spot  bring up  fall apart  with a bang 27．Usually as a genius, Chaplin was among the most influential figures in film history. 28．The rapid development of the Xiong’an New Area led to increased wealth, which would attract more graduates to this region. 29．It is for more than 10 years that those talented female athletes the chase for the championship. 30．A special fund which for the disabled came under the spotlight. 31．The once-stable systems that were seen as permanent in the old era seem . 32．He is very aware of what topics he should not , especially when talking with sensitive people. 33．As he his patience, he couldn’t contain his anger any more. 34．I didn’t know what exactly , but I definitely felt much better after a few minutes. 35．The naive girl stopped and stared out of the window, obviously a daydream. 36．Despite some exceptions, the latest report is reflective of the public opinion . 【答案】 27．referred to 28．in t urn 29．have thrown themselves into 30．was set up 31．to fall apart 32．bring up 33．ran out of 34．did the trick 35．lost in 36．at large 【解析】27．考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：卓别林通常被称为天才，他是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。根据空后的“as a genius”可知，这里指卓别林被称为天才。refer to...as...意为“将……称为……”。本句的谓语是was，所以这里应用非谓语动词。refer to和Chaplin之间是动宾关系，所以这里应用过去分词短语，作状语。故答案为referred to。 28．考查固定搭配。句意：雄安新区的快速发展带来了财富的增加，这反过来又将吸引更多的毕业生来到这个地区。空处应用状语成分。根据“The rapid development of the Xiong’an New Area led to increased wealth”和“attract more graduates to this region”可知，这里表示雄安新区的快速发展使得财富增加，反过来这也吸引更多毕业生到来。in turn意为“依次，轮流，相应地，转而”。故答案为in turn。 29．考查固定搭配和时态。句意：十多年来，那些才华横溢的女运动员一直热衷于追逐冠军。根据空后的“the chase for the championship”可知，这里表示热衷于追逐冠军。throw oneself into意为“投身于，热衷于”。根据“for more than 10 years”可知，这里表示过去的动作持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故答案为have thrown themselves into。 30．考查固定搭配、时态和语态。句意：为残疾人设立的一项特别基金受到关注。空处在从句中作谓语。which指代A special fund，结合空后的“for the disabled”可知，这里表示为残疾人设立的特别基金。set up意为“创建，建立”。主语和set up之间是动宾关系，且根据came可知，这里应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语表示单数，谓语应用单数形式。故答案为was set up。 31．考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：在旧时代被视为永久性的曾经稳定的系统似乎正在崩溃。根据“were seen as permanent in the old era”可知，曾经在旧时代永久性的系统现在似乎崩溃了。fall apart意为“破碎，崩溃”。seem to do sth.意为“似乎做某事”，不定式作宾语。故答案为to fall apart。 32．考查固定搭配。句意：他很清楚自己不应该提出什么话题，尤其是在与敏感的人交谈时。根据“what topics he should not”可知，这里指不应该提出的问题。bring up意为“提出”。空前有should，其后跟动词原形。故答案为bring up。 33．考查固定搭配和时态。句意：当他耗尽耐心时，他再也忍不住了。根据“he couldn’t contain his anger any more”可知，他耗尽了耐心。run out of意为“用完，耗尽”。根据couldn’t可知，这里指过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故答案为ran out of。 34．考查固定搭配和时态。句意：我不知道到底是什么起了作用。但几分钟后，我确实感觉好多了。根据“I definitely felt much better”可知，这里指某事情起了作用。do the trick意为“起作用，奏效，达到目的”。根据felt可知，这里指过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故答案为did the trick。 35．考查固定搭配。句意：天真的女孩停下脚步，凝视着窗外，显然是沉浸在白日梦中。根据空后的“a daydream”可知，这里表示沉浸在白日梦中。be lost in意为“沉浸于”，为固定搭配。本句的谓语是stopped和stared，且逗号前后没有连接词，所以这里应用形容词短语，作状语。故答案为lost in。 36．考查固定搭配。句意：尽管有一些例外，但最新报告反映了广大公众的意见。根据空前的“the public opinion”可知，这里表示广大公众的意见，at large意为“一般来说，详细地，大多数”，常用于名词之后。故答案为at large。 用下列短语的适当形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，其中两个短语为多余选项 in case, regardless of, in harmony with, before you know it, as long as, in turn, regard... as, keep track of, break out, no less than, depending on, add to 37．Enjoy every moment because, , these days will become cherished memories. 38．Your final grade will be determined your performance throughout the semester. 39．The library system makes it easy to borrowed books and their due dates. 40．Always have a phone charger with you your battery runs low. 41．You’re free to rearrange the furniture you put it back in its place afterward. 42．The achievements of Tu Youyou in the field of traditional Chinese medicine are pioneering exploration. 43．The law requires equal treatment for all, race, religion and gender. 44．The public are concerned that a new virus like flu might in places with a high population density. (密度) 45．The colorful decorations such as balloons and banners the festive atmosphere of the party. 46．The team’s hard work resulted in increased sales, which led to higher salaries for everyone. 【答案】 37．before you know it 38．depending on 39．keep track of 40．in case 41．as long as 42．regarded as 43．regardless of 44．break out 45．add to/added to 46．in turn 【解析】37．考查时间状语从句、时态。句意：享受每一刻，因为转眼间，这些日子将成为珍贵的回忆。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“很快，转瞬间”，故用时间状语before you know it，表示事情发展迅速，从句用一般现在时表将来，know用原形。故填before you know it。 38．考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：你的最终成绩将根据你整个学期的表现来决定。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“依据，取决于”，故用固定短语depend on，本句谓语为will be determined，此处为非谓语动词，应用现在分词，作状语。故填depending on。 39．考查固定短语。句意：图书管理系统使追踪借阅的书籍及其到期日期变得容易。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“追踪，记录”，故用固定短语keep track of，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填keep track of。 40．考查固定短语。句意：随身携带手机充电器以防电池电量低。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“以防，以免”，故用固定短语in case，引导条件状语从句。故填in case。 41．考查固定短语。句意：你可以自由地重新布置家具，只要你事后把它放回原位。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“只要”，故用固定短语as long as，引导条件状语从句。故填as long as。 42．考查固定短语、动词语态。句意：屠呦呦在中医领域的成就被认为是开创性的探索。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“被认为”，故用固定短语regard... as“把……看作”，与The achievements为被动关系，用过去分词，与空前的are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填regarded as。 43．考查固定短语。句意：法律要求平等对待所有人，不分种族、宗教和性别。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“不管，不顾”，故用固定短语regardless of。故填regardless of。 44．考查固定短语、情态动词。句意：公众担心像流感这样的新病毒可能会在人口密集的地方爆发。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“爆发”，故用固定短语break out，情态动词might后接动词原形。故填break out。 45．考查固定短语、时态、主谓一致。句意：五彩缤纷的装饰品，如气球和横幅，增添了聚会的节日气氛。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“增添，增加”，故用固定短语add to，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式added。也可以理解为本句陈述现在的事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为decorations，故谓语用动词原形。故填add to或added to。 46．考查固定短语。句意：团队的辛勤工作导致销售额增加，这反过来又使每个人的薪水更高。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“反过来”，故用固定短语in turn。故填in turn。 三、根据汉语提示单词拼写（共19个小题，每题1分） 47．The main (特征，特性) of the strike has been its longevity. 【答案】characteristic 【详解】考查名词。句意：这次罢工的主要特点是持续时间长。根据汉语提示可知应用名词characteristic，作主语，根据has可知为单数。故填characteristic。 48． (使确信) voters that he was capable, Donald Trump won the election. 【答案】Convincing 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：唐纳德·特朗普让选民相信他有能力，赢得了选举。根据提示的汉语，表示“使确信”为动词convince，与逻辑主语Donald Trump之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Convincing。 49．A balanced menu must contain foods full of taste and . (营养) 【答案】nutrition 【详解】考查名词。句意：一份均衡的菜单必须包含味道和营养丰富的食物。该空需要一个名词作介词宾语，与taste并列，根据汉语提示，名词nutrition意为“营养”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填nutrition。 50．Winning the competition, especially after months of hard preparation, really (增强) his confidence and made him believe in his abilities for the first time. 【答案】boosted 【详解】考查动词。句意：尤其是在经过数月的艰苦准备之后赢得比赛，确实增强了他的自信心，并让他第一次相信自己的能力。本空用动词boost“增强”，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填boosted。 51．The new finding has attracted both (国内的) and international attention. 【答案】domestic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这项新的发现吸引了国内的和国际的关注。本空用形容词domestic“国内的”，作前置定语，修饰名词attention。故填domestic。 52．The Chinese and the Westerners have (完全的，彻底的) different views of life. 【答案】entirely 【详解】考查副词。句意：中国人和西方人的人生观完全不同。形容词 different前用副词修饰。副词“完全的，彻底的”英文为entity。根据汉语提示及句意，故填entirely。 53．We finally (说服) them of our honesty. 【答案】convinced 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们终于使他们相信了我们的诚实。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词convince“说服”，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式形式，convince sb. of sth.“使某人相信某事”。故填convinced。 54．The world has made significant inroads (取得重大进展) into (应对) infectious diseases. 【答案】tackling/handling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：世界在应对传染病方面取得了重大进展。根据汉语提示“应对”可知，空格处涉及单词“tackle”或“handle”，意为“应对”，动词词性，介词“into”后接动名词“tackling”或“handling”作宾语。故填tackling/handling。 55．Given that Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of (闲暇). 【答案】leisure 【详解】考查名词。句意：鉴于袁的杂交水稻让他变得相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休后过上悠闲的生活。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“闲暇”应用leisure，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填leisure。 56．As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of (可替代的) energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel. 【答案】alternative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于煤和石油越来越少，科学家们正在探索利用替代能源的新方法，如太阳能、风能和水能作为电力和燃料。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词alternative，修饰名词energy，作定语。故填alternative。 57．The project is (估算) to take two years to complete. 【答案】estimated 【详解】考查动词。句意：估计该项目将需要两年时间才能完成。根据汉语提示和句意，表示“估算”用estimate，此处需要用过去分词形式与前文的is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填estimated。 58．Humour has been an (极其重要，必不可少) part of human behaviour for thousands of years. 【答案】essential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：几千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。名词part 前用形容词修饰。形容词“极其重要，必不可少”英文为essential。根据汉语提示及句意，故填essential。 59．Last summer, when the prime minister successfully handled a series of (危机) he seemed able to turn floodwaters into wine. 【答案】crises 【详解】考查名词。句意：去年夏天，当这位总理成功地处理了一系列危机时，他似乎能够将洪水变成美酒。“危机”用名词crisis，为可数名词，a series of 后接可数名词的复数形式。故填crises。 60．The officials abused their power and bullied the people, thus arousing (强烈的) discontent among the masses. 【答案】intense 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们滥用职权，欺压人民，引起了群众的强烈不满。根据汉语提示“强烈的”，以及空后名词discontent可知，此处应填形容词intense作定语。故填intense。 61．As usual，he stood his (扫帚) behind the door after he finished cleaning the room. 【答案】broom 【详解】句意：像往常一样，他打扫完房间把扫帚立在门后。broom表示“扫帚”，故填broom。 62．In the future, we will have to rely more on ( 可替换的) energy, such as solar and wind power. 【答案】alternative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：将来，我们将更加依赖可替代能源，例如太阳能和风能。根据单词汉语提示及空后的energy可知此处应填形容词alternative，作定语，alternative energy“可替代能源”。故填alternative。 63．It is (估计) that nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are overweight. 【答案】estimated 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：据估计，全世界有近1800万5岁以下儿童超重。句型It is estimated that…“据估计……”，故填estimated。 64．The animated film Chang An is undoubtedly a masterpiece that shows the unique (特点) of Chinese culture to the world. 【答案】characteristics 【详解】考查名词。句意：动画电影《长安三万里》无疑是一部向世界展示中国文化特色的佳作。结合“特点”应用名词characteristic，作shows的宾语，且中国文化特色应该不止一个，characteristic宜用复数形式。故填characteristics。 65．Jim lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to (克服) his disability. 【答案】overcome 【详解】考查动词。句意：Jim十岁时失去了他的腿，但他学会了克服他的残疾。根据汉语提示，应填入动词“overcome”，意为“克服”。因空白处前面有动词不定式符号to，空白处需要填动词原形。故填overcome。 四、单句语法填空（共10小题，每题1分） 66．It is the first time that China and Brazil (tackle) the climate crisis together. 【答案】have tackled 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是中国和巴西首次共同应对气候危机。It is the first time that...句型中，从句通常用现在完成时，主语China and Brazil是复数，助动词用have。故填have tackled。 67．Communication between employees in this cafe is done (entire)through sign language, creating a quiet atmosphere that customers appreciate. 【答案】entirely 【详解】考查副词。句意：这家咖啡馆的员工之间完全通过手语进行沟通，营造出顾客欣赏的安静氛围。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰前面动词，entirely，表“完全地”，为副词，符合语境。故填entirely。 68．He quickly assessed what (alternative) were open to him. 【答案】alternatives 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他很快评估了自己有哪些选择。alternative是可数名词，根据were可知，此处要用复数形式，在what引导的宾语从句中作主语，故填alternatives。 69．A microwave cooks food much faster than a (convention) oven. 【答案】conventional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：微波炉比传统的烤箱做饭快得多。形容词conventional作定语修饰名词。故填conventional。 70．I made the (assume) that he was coming, so I was surprised when he didn’t show up. 【答案】assumption 【详解】考查名词。句意：我以为他会来，所以当他没有出现时，我感到很惊讶。此处作宾语，应用名词assumption“假定；设想”。故填assumption。 71．It is really hard for the public (convince) of the necessity and immediacy of social reforms. 【答案】to be convinced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让公众信服社会改革的必要性和紧迫性确实很难。句子是It is adj for sb to do的结构，含义为“对某人来说做某事是怎样的”，空处用动词convince的不定式形式作真主语。convince为及物动词，使信服。“the public”和动词“convince”构成被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态，表示“使公众信服”。故填to be convinced。 72．Tai Chi deeply (root) in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang gains great popularity. 【答案】rooted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：植根于中国阴阳哲学的太极拳受到极大的欢迎。句子谓语动词是gains，所给词“root”只能用非谓语动词，root与逻辑主语Tai Chi之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式rooted，作后置定语，表示“植根于”。故填rooted。 73．Tourism is double-edged, (boost) the economy but damaging the environment. 【答案】boosting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅游业是一把双刃剑，它促进了经济，但也破坏了环境。句子主干成分完整，空处和damaging并列，为非谓语，boost“推动，使增长”和Tourism逻辑上是主动关系，因此用boost的现在分词形式，作状语。故填boosting。 74．The time to act is now. We must work together to create a more sustainable world, where humans and nature can coexist in harmony, (ensure) a bright and prosperous future for all. 【答案】ensuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在是采取行动的时候了。我们必须共同努力，创造一个更可持续的世界，在这个世界里，人类和自然可以和谐共处，确保所有人都有一个光明繁荣的未来。must work是主句的谓语动词，can coexist是where引导的定语从句的谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词，作状语，主语We和动词ensure构成主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。故填ensuring。 75．By supporting and participating in environmental initiatives, we can make a significant (different) in the fight against climate change and help protect our planet for future generations. 【答案】difference 【详解】考查名词。句意：通过支持和参与环保倡议，我们可以在应对气候变化的斗争中发挥重大作用，并为子孙后代保护我们的地球。设空处使用different的名词difference作宾语，make a difference为固定短语，意为“起作用，产生影响”。故填difference。 五、语篇填空（共10个小题，每题1.5分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping died of illness at 13: 07 p. m. in 76 hospital in Changsha of Hunan province He 77 (cultivate) the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, 78 was later grown on a large scale in China and other countries to substantially raise output. Yuan once said he had two dreams. One is that people can enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men. The other is that hybrid rice could 79 (grow) all over the world to help solve the global food 80 (short) . Everyone knows 81 he is the Savior (救世主) , but he said he is an old farmer who has grown rice all 82 (he) life, and that he would keep working unless he could no longer see or walk. On September 19, 2020, Yuan Longping sent his best 83 (wish) to the youth and shared his eight word successful experience: knowledge, sweat, and opportunity. “Knowledge is the foundation. Sweat is the practice,” he said. “Inspiration is a spark of thought Everyone has a spark of thought so don’t give it up.” He also said “Chance favors the 84 (prepare) mind!” in English. Our best way 85 (honour) him is to cherish every grain in the bowl and every day without starvation. 【答案】 76．a 77．cultivated 78．which 79．be grown 80．shortage 81．that 82．his 83．wishes 84．prepared 85．to honour 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平在湖南省长沙市的一家医院因病去世，以及他对杂交水稻的贡献和曾经分享的成功经验。 76．考查冠词。句意：“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平于下午1点07分在湖南省长沙市的一家医院因病去世。可数名词hospital在句中表示“一家医院”，泛指，且hospital是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 77．考查动词时态。句意：他在1973年培育出了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，后来在中国和其他国家大规模种植，大幅提高了产量。cultivate(培育)作谓语，与主语He之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“in 1973”可知，讲述过去的事情应用一般过去时态。故填cultivated。 78．考查定语从句。句意：他在1973年培育出了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，后来在中国和其他国家大规模种植，大幅提高了产量。“ was later grown on a large scale in China and other countries to substantially raise output”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice strain，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 79．考查动词语态。句意：另一个是杂交水稻能在全世界种植，帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。grow(种植)是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语hybrid rice构成被动关系，情态动词could后跟动词原形be grown。故填be grown。 80．考查名词。句意：另一个是杂交水稻能在全世界种植，帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。提示词作solve的宾语，用名词shortage，表示“短缺”，不可数名词。故填shortage。 81．考查宾语从句。句意：每个人都知道他是救世主，但他说他是一个一生都在种水稻的老农民，除非他再也看不见或走不动了，否则他会继续工作。“he is the Savior (救世主)”是宾语从句，从句不缺成分，句意完整，故用连接词that引导。故填that。 82．考查固定短语。句意：每个人都知道他是救世主，但他说他是一个一生都在种水稻的老农民，除非他再也看不见或走不动了，否则他会继续工作。提示词作定语，用形容词性物主代词his，意为“他的”。故填his。 83．考查名词。句意：2020年9月19日，袁隆平向青年们致以最美好的祝愿，并分享了他八个字的成功经验：知识、汗水和机遇。可数名词wish作宾语，结合句意和常识可知，“祝愿”不止一个，应用复数形式wishes作宾语。故填wishes。 84．考查形容词。句意：他还用英语说：“机会青睐有准备的人！” prepare(准备)修饰名词mind，用形容词prepared作定语，意为“有准备的，准备好的”。故填prepared。 85．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们纪念他的最好方式就是珍惜碗里的每一粒粮食，珍惜没有饥饿的每一天。名词way后常识用不定式作定语， way to do...意为“做……的方式/方法”。故填to honour。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04核心教材词汇检测小卷（选择性必修一） （满分90分）（时间50分钟） 一、词性转换（共26个小题，每题1分） 1． vt. 作曲→ n. 作曲家 2． v. (使)融合，(使)结合，(使)混合；兼作；合并→ n n. (使)融合，(使)结合，(使)混合；兼作；合并 3． v. 围绕着→ adj. 周围的→ n. 周围；环境 4． vt. 改编→ adj. 适应能力非常强的→ n. 改编本，改写本；适应 5． v. 保护，防御；辩白 → n. 保护 6． n. 评论→ adj. 非凡的， 奇异的，显著的， 引人注目的→ adv. 显著地 7． n. 天赋，才能→ adj. 有才华的，有天赋的 8． v. 预测，预言→ n. 预测，预言 9． vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→ adj. 令人沮丧的→ adj. 感到沮丧的→ n. 抑郁症 10． vt. 具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→ n. 财产 11． n. 容易，轻易；舒适，安逸→ adj. 容易的 12． adj. 平凡的→ adj. 不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的 13． adj. 绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的 → adv. 绝望；不惜冒险；极其需要；极严重 14． adv.主要地，一般地 → adj. 大部分的，多数的；最多的 adv.最；非常，极其 15． n.解放，摆脱→ vt. 解放；放出；释放 16． adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→ vt. 反对；对抗，抗争；vi.反对→ adj.相反的；对面的；对立的 17． vt.运用，使用，雇用→ n.使用；职业；雇用→ n.雇员；从业员工→ n.雇主，老板 18． adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 → adj. 实际的；真实的；实在的→ adv. 实际上，事实上；真正地，真实地→ n. 现实；实际；真实 19． adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 → adj. 值…… n. 价值；财产 20． vt.整理，布置；安排 → n.布置，整理；安排 21． adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的 → n.野心，雄心；抱负，志向 22． n.检查，查看，审视，视察→ vt. & vi. 检查；视察→ n.检查员；检阅官 23． vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 → n. 暴露；曝光；揭露；陈列 24． adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的 → n.政治，政治学 25． n.展览，展出→ vt. 展览；显示；提出 26． adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的；好的 → adv.很少地；难得 二、选词填空（共20个小题，每题1分） 根据句意，选择短语并以其适当形式填空。注意：有两个短语多余。 throw oneself into  in turn  run out of  at large  set up  be lost in  do the trick  refer to  hit the spot  bring up  fall apart  with a bang 27．Usually as a genius, Chaplin was among the most influential figures in film history. 28．The rapid development of the Xiong’an New Area led to increased wealth, which would attract more graduates to this region. 29．It is for more than 10 years that those talented female athletes the chase for the championship. 30．A special fund which for the disabled came under the spotlight. 31．The once-stable systems that were seen as permanent in the old era seem . 32．He is very aware of what topics he should not , especially when talking with sensitive people. 33．As he his patience, he couldn’t contain his anger any more. 34．I didn’t know what exactly , but I definitely felt much better after a few minutes. 35．The naive girl stopped and stared out of the window, obviously a daydream. 36．Despite some exceptions, the latest report is reflective of the public opinion . 用下列短语的适当形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，其中两个短语为多余选项 in case, regardless of, in harmony with, before you know it, as long as, in turn, regard... as, keep track of, break out, no less than, depending on, add to 37．Enjoy every moment because, , these days will become cherished memories. 38．Your final grade will be determined your performance throughout the semester. 39．The library system makes it easy to borrowed books and their due dates. 40．Always have a phone charger with you your battery runs low. 41．You’re free to rearrange the furniture you put it back in its place afterward. 42．The achievements of Tu Youyou in the field of traditional Chinese medicine are pioneering exploration. 43．The law requires equal treatment for all, race, religion and gender. 44．The public are concerned that a new virus like flu might in places with a high population density. (密度) 45．The colorful decorations such as balloons and banners the festive atmosphere of the party. 46．The team’s hard work resulted in increased sales, which led to higher salaries for everyone. 三、根据汉语提示单词拼写（共19个小题，每题1分） 47．The main (特征，特性) of the strike has been its longevity. 48． (使确信) voters that he was capable, Donald Trump won the election. 49．A balanced menu must contain foods full of taste and . (营养) 50．Winning the competition, especially after months of hard preparation, really (增强) his confidence and made him believe in his abilities for the first time. 51．The new finding has attracted both (国内的) and international attention. 52．The Chinese and the Westerners have (完全的，彻底的) different views of life. 53．We finally (说服) them of our honesty. 54．The world has made significant inroads (取得重大进展) into (应对) infectious diseases. 55．Given that Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of (闲暇). 56．As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of (可替代的) energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel. 57．The project is (估算) to take two years to complete. 58．Humour has been an (极其重要，必不可少) part of human behaviour for thousands of years. 59．Last summer, when the prime minister successfully handled a series of (危机) he seemed able to turn floodwaters into wine. 60．The officials abused their power and bullied the people, thus arousing (强烈的) discontent among the masses. 61．As usual，he stood his (扫帚) behind the door after he finished cleaning the room. 62．In the future, we will have to rely more on ( 可替换的) energy, such as solar and wind power. 63．It is (估计) that nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are overweight. 64．The animated film Chang An is undoubtedly a masterpiece that shows the unique (特点) of Chinese culture to the world. 65．Jim lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to (克服) his disability. 四、单句语法填空（共10小题，每题1分） 66．It is the first time that China and Brazil (tackle) the climate crisis together. 67．Communication between employees in this cafe is done (entire)through sign language, creating a quiet atmosphere that customers appreciate. 68．He quickly assessed what (alternative) were open to him. 69．A microwave cooks food much faster than a (convention) oven. 70．I made the (assume) that he was coming, so I was surprised when he didn’t show up. 71．It is really hard for the public (convince) of the necessity and immediacy of social reforms. 72．Tai Chi deeply (root) in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang gains great popularity. 73．Tourism is double-edged, (boost) the economy but damaging the environment. 74．The time to act is now. We must work together to create a more sustainable world, where humans and nature can coexist in harmony, (ensure) a bright and prosperous future for all. 75．By supporting and participating in environmental initiatives, we can make a significant (different) in the fight against climate change and help protect our planet for future generations. 五、语篇填空（共10个小题，每题1.5分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping died of illness at 13: 07 p. m. in 76 hospital in Changsha of Hunan province He 77 (cultivate) the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, 78 was later grown on a large scale in China and other countries to substantially raise output. Yuan once said he had two dreams. One is that people can enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men. The other is that hybrid rice could 79 (grow) all over the world to help solve the global food 80 (short) . Everyone knows 81 he is the Savior (救世主) , but he said he is an old farmer who has grown rice all 82 (he) life, and that he would keep working unless he could no longer see or walk. On September 19, 2020, Yuan Longping sent his best 83 (wish) to the youth and shared his eight word successful experience: knowledge, sweat, and opportunity. “Knowledge is the foundation. Sweat is the practice,” he said. “Inspiration is a spark of thought Everyone has a spark of thought so don’t give it up.” He also said “Chance favors the 84 (prepare) mind!” in English. Our best way 85 (honour) him is to cherish every grain in the bowl and every day without starvation. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$