Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.(同步阅读)Explorers(书籍音频+Word)-八年级英语教材同步单元主题阅读（人教版）

EXPLORERS Fantastic Facts to Amaze & Enthral Do you know the name of the Portuguese soldier who took Goa for Portugal? Afonso de Albuquerque, who sailed from Africa to the Indian Ocean, forcibly destroyed Calicut in 1510 and claimed Goa for Portugal the same year. The Strait of Juan de Fuca is named after the sailor Juan de Fuca who was the first one to travel on that route. But did you know that Juan was a Greek navigator called Apostolos Valerianos who travelled under a Spanish name? Colonel Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin was a Soviet cosmonaut (they are called astronauts in the US) and the first human in space. He spent 108 minutes in space on 12th April 1961 on board Vostok 1. Whether in fact George Mallory reached the summit of Mount Everest in 1924 but died coming down, is something that will be debated for many years. But officially, the first people to reach the top of the world are Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. Have you ever wondered how cold the North Poles is? The first person to experience the chill felt there was Robert Edwin Peary who was allegedly the first person to lead an expedition to the North Pole and reached it in 1909. Captain Cook was the first person to map Australia and New Zealand and he also went to Antarctica and Easter Island on his second expedition. But did you know that he was the first person to control the disease scurvy on board of ships? Although he didn't know that scurvy was caused by lack of vitamin C, he offered fresh fruit to his sailors who then got 'miraculously' better. Robert Falcon Scott left for an expedition to the South Pole and reached it on 17th January 1912 only to see that Roald Amundsen had already put his flag there on 14th January 1911! And not only that, Roald was also the first person to reach both the poles! Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition that sailed around the Earth. Out of the original 270 crew members who started the expedition, only 18 managed to get back and unluckily, Magellan was not one of the 18. Undersea exploration can be fun. It was during one such dive when Jacques-Yves Cousteau, a French undersea explorer, realised the need for a breathing apparatus that supplied oxygen to divers. In 1943, along with engineer Emile Gagnan, Cousteau invented the aqualung, which allowed divers to stay underwater for several hours! Embark on a discovery of 500 amazing facts about the world around us with this edition of 500 Fantastic Facts This fantastic pictorial reference guide wll fascinate and educate children of all ages. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null